,

2010

, (o
IUPAC).
,
, ,
( ), , (
), ..

. , ( ),
,
,
,

( ).

( ).

1.

(LC

HPLC),

(GC) (SFC)
, .

.
2.

.
,
: , ,

.
3.

.
, ,
,

, ,
.

4.

(
)

()

1
T



Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet 1903,
().
CaCO3,
.
(chromatography) ,
.
1930 1940 .
1952 Martin Synge
.
. , (GC)
(HPLC).
.

(size

exclusion

chromatography)

Grant Henry Lathe Colin R. Ruthven 1955

Queen Charlottes Hospital .
gel (gel permeation chromatography) J.C. Moore
1964 Dow Chemical Company
gel. ( )
(gel filtration chromatography).

) .
(gel filtration
chromatography) (molecular sieving)

(gel permeation chromatography)
( permeation
).

(size exclusion

chromatographySEC) (gel chromatography).

) .

(gel) (
).
gels ().
gels ,

 (sieving) (filtration).

.

.
.
gels ,
. gels,
.
. ,

gel. .
gel (exclusion limit)
, gel.
, gel.
, gel .
gel ( gel )
1000
daltons.
) .

.

2
.
gel,

.

 3

(
, nM). (
) Dowex 50-4 0,9 x 150 cm.

Log(MB)

Ve / V0
4
log (MB) Ve / V0 Ve
.
.


. gel
. gel
, gels
, gels .
.
gel
. gel
,

gel.
. gel

,
.
,
, .

.
.
, ,
UV, .

Gels
Sephadex. ,
Sephadex gels. Sephadex
,
.
.
.
. Sephadex gels
,
. Sephadex HCl 0,1
. 120 C
.
Sephadex , ,
, . gels
,
.
Bio-Gel.

gels,

Bio-Gel

P,

,--

.
pH 2 11.
.
. 10
Bio-Gel P, 1.800 400.000 daltons.
Agarose. 500.000 daltons gels agarose (Stepharose
Bio-Gel A) . gels -
.
.
.
, Porasil Bio-Glas.
Styragel. gel
. Styragel gel
, ,
gels. 150 C
, , , .
Styragel, , 1600
40.000.000 daltons. Styragel
.

. gel
, .
gel
, .
gel. ,
gel 0 1
.
gel gel
Vi , gel
V0.
Vi .
gel, : Ve
= V0 , Ve .
gel :
Ve = V0 + KVi
.
gel.
,

 ,
, .

, ,
= (Ve V0) / Vi
To Vi gel
WR : Vi = WR
0
1. ,
gel
,
. gel
.
V0 + K Vi
V0+ K Vi ( ) Vi .

: Vs < ( ) Vi.

.
gel,
.
. ,
.
,
. ,
.
,
. 0,9
1 . ,
.

Sephadex,
, , ..
20.

.
. ,
.
. , ()
.

 2 10 cm .
. ,
. :
(cm/h) = [ (ml/min) x 60] /
[ (cm2)]
= x 60 x

, ,
( ) .

, , , ,
.
.
.
.
.
'
. , Sephadex G-25
5.000 daltons, ' V0.
1000 daltons,
.
.
.
,
gel. Sephadex G-200 ,
Sephadex G-25 .
, ,
, pH
, .
,
.
. (
) , ,
. ,

'

.
, ,
' :
Ve = log()

 , ,
Ve log(MB) .
,
. ,
.
.

5

2,5 x 50 cm pH = 7,5.

10