0

0.003491
0.006981
0.010472
0.013963
0.017453
0.020944
0.024435
0.027925
0.031416
0.034907

12/9mm
0
0.68
1.4
2.15
2.97
3.85
4.77
5.7
6.65
7.64
8.66

12/8mm
0
0.73
1.52
2.37
3.29
4.25
5.23
6.29
7.37
8.5
9.7

12/7mm
0
0.75
1.42
2.31
3.27
4.29
5.43
6.45
7.57
8.76
9.95

12/6mm

torque(NM) ag

0
0.77
1.42
2.3
3.3
4.33
5.43
6.61
7.83
9.12
10.35

12

10

8
Torque(NM)

radians

0
0

0.005

torque(NM) against angular displacement for hollow shafts

y = 277.12x
y = 269.13x
y = 262.79x
y = 236.73x

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02
displacement in radians

0.025

0.03

0.035

0.04

12/9mm
12/8mm
12/7mm
12/6mm
Linear (12/9mm)
Linear (12/8mm)
Linear (12/7mm)

Linear (12/6mm)

0.5
0.58
0.67
0.75

K (The) K (exp) V

-6.25
-10.39
-25
-11.58
-13.85
-34
-19.8
-16.78
-44.45
-31.6
-25.44
-56.25

6.67
13.1
24.62
46.29

Strength and stiffnes

60
40
20
percentage change

dh /Dh

0
-20

-40
-60
-80

Strength and stiffness of Hollow and solid shafts of same outer

diameter

K (The)
0.5

0.58

0.67

0.75

K (exp)
V

dh/Dh

K (The)
K (exp)
V

Ds/Dh
K (The) K (exp)
0.66
258
78.99
-57.78
0.75
160.34
25.08
-48.47
0.81
103.58
60.1
-39.52
0.87
66.78
37.73
-30.76

Strength and stiffnes

300
250

Percentage change

200
150
100
50
0
0.66
-50
-100

Strength and stiffness of Hollow and solid shafts having the

same volume

K (The)
K (exp)

0.66

0.75

Ds/Dh

0.81

0.87