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BI TON LCH PHA
PHNG PHP S DNG GIN VECT
Bc 1 : V gin vecter
* Cch v gin vecter:
V i khng i nn ta chn trc cng dng in lm trc gc, gc ti im O, chiu dng l chiu quay
lng gic.
UL
Ta c :
- UR Lun cng pha vi i .
- UL Lun sm pha hn i mt gc 900 .
U L+U C
- UC Lun tr pha hn i mt gc 900.

U AB
- UAB Lch pha vi i mt gc l
.
- ln ca mi vecter phi t l vi gi tr hiu dng ca n.
O
* Cch v gin vecter trt.
UR
- Chn trc nm ngang l trc dng in, im u mch lm gc ( l
im A).
- Biu din ln lt hiu in th qua mi phn bng cc vc t
UC

AM ; MN ; NB ni ui nhau theo nguyn tc: R - i ngang; L -

Ch :

i ln; C - i xung.
Ni A vi B th vc t AB chnh l biu din uAB

AN

+ Cc hiu in th trn cc phn t c biu din bi cc vc t m

ln ca cc vc t t l vi hiu in th hiu dng ca n.
B
+ lch pha gia cc hiu in th l gc hp bi gia cc vc t
B
UA
tng ng biu din chng.
+ lch pha gia hiu in th v cng dng in l gc hp
A
bi vc t biu din n vi trc i
UR M
+ Vic gii bi ton l nhm xc nh ln cc cnh v gc ca tam
gic da vo cc nh l hm s sin, hm s cosin v cc cng thc ton hc.
Bc 2 : S dng cc tnh cht trong tam gic v cc php tnh vecter suy ra cc gi tr v i lng cn
tm.
Trong ton hc mt tam gic s gii c nu bit trc ba (hai cnh 1 gc, hai gc mt cnh, ba cnh)

+
i

trong su yu t (3 gc v 3 cnh).
Cu 1. Chn cu ng. Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v . Ngi ta o
R
L
C
c cc in p UAM = 16V, UMN = 20V, UNB = 8V. in p gia hai u
A
M
N
B
on mch AB l:
A. 44V
B. 20V
C. 28V
D. 16V
Cu 2. t mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U vo hai u on mch AB gm cun cm thun c
t cm L, in tr thun R v t in c in dung C mc ni tip theo th t trn. Gi U L, UR v UC ln lt
l cc in p hiu dng gia hai u mi phn t. Bit in p gia hai u on mch AB lch pha
in p gia hai u on mch NB (on mch NB gm R v C ). H thc no di y l ng?
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
A. U = U R + U C + U L .
B. U C = U R + U L + U .
2
2
2
2
C. U L = U R + U C + U

2
2
2
2
D. U R = U C + U L + U

so vi
2

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Hi hng_0972.531.803
Cu 3. Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC nh hnh v, cun dy thun cm. Bit U AF = 110(V), UEB = 112(V),
UAB = 130(V). in p hiu dng hai u t in c th nhn gi tr no sau
C
R E L
A
F
y?
B
A. 88V.
B. 220V.
C. 200V.
D. 160V.
.
Cu 4. t vo hai u on mch (hnh v) mt hiu in th u = Uocos(200t) th ampe k ch 1A v vn k
ch 80V ng thi hiu in th gia hai u vn k lch pha /6 so vi cng dng in trong mch. Th
kt lun no sau y l ng?
A. Cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 0,8H

A
M
B
A
B. Cun dy c in tr Ro = 40 v c t cm L = 0,2H
V
C. Cun dy c in tr Ro = 40 3 v c t cm L = 0,2H
D. Cun dy c in tr Ro = 40 3 v c t cm L = 0,4H
Cu 5. t vo hai u on mch (hnh v) mt hiu in th u = Uocos(100t) th hiu in th uAM v uMN lch
pha nhau 150o, ng thi UAM = UNB. Bit RNB = 200. Th kt lun no sau y l ng?
A. Cun dy c in tr R = 100 3 v c t cm L = 1H

B. Cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 200H

N
M
A
B
C. Cun dy c in tr R = 100 v c t cm L = 3H
D. Cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 2H
Cu 6. t vo hai u on mch (hnh v) mt hiu in th u =
Uocos(t). Th hiu in th uAN v uMB lch pha nhau 90o, ng thi o
c UAN = 60V, UMB = 80V v I = 2A. Gi tr ca R bng bao nhiu?
A. 30
B. 24
C. 120/7
D. Cha xc nh c c th.

Cu 7. t vo hai u on mch (hnh v) mt hiu in th u = Uocos(100t) th hiu in th uAM v uMN

lch pha nhau 120o, ng thi UAM = UMN. Bit CMN = 200F. Th kt lun no sau y l ng?
A. Cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 0,5H

B. Cun dy c in tr R = 25 v c t cm L = 0,25 3H
N
M
A
B
C. Cun dy c in tr R = 25 3 v c t cm L = 0,25H
D. Cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 50H
Cu 8. t vo hai u on mch (hnh v) mt hiu in th u = Uocos(80t) th hiu in th uAM sm pha 30o
v uAN tr pha 30o so vi uNB, ng thi UAM = UNB. Bit RNB = 50.
C
R
L,Ro
Gi tr ca C l:

N
M
A
B
A. 250/ 3F
B. 250F
C. 2500F
D. 200F
Cu 9. t vo hai u on mch (hnh v) mt hiu in th uAB =
M
V2
100cos(200t)V. Th cc vn k ch cng gi tr, ng thi hiu in th gia
C
R
hai u cc vn k lch pha nhau /3. Bit in tr R = 100 3. Gi tr ca
A
B
A
L v C l:
L
V1
A. L = 1,5H v C = 50/3F
B. L = 0,5H v C = 50F
N
C. L = 1H v C = 100F
D. L = 3H v C = 100/3F

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Hi hng_0972.531.803
Cu 10. t vo hai u on mch (hnh v) mt hiu in th uAB = 100
2 cos(100t)V. Th ampe k ch 2A v cc vn k ch cng gi tr. in tr
R bng:
A. 141
B. 50 2
C. 100
D. 50

C
A

R
A

V1

V2
L

Cu 11. Cho on mch xoay chiu LRC mc ni tip hai u AB, L mc vo AM, R mc vo MN, C mc vo
NB. Biu thc dng in trong mch i = I 0 cos 100 t (A). in p trn on AN c dng
u AN = 100 2cos ( 100 t + / 3) (V) v lch pha 900 so vi in p ca on mch MB. Vit biu thc uMB ?
A. uMB =

100 6

cos 100 t
3
6

B, uMB = 100cos ( 100 t )

C. uMB =

100 6

cos 100 t +
3
6

D. uMB = 100cos 100 t

6

Cu 12. Cho on mch xoay chiu LRC mc ni tip hai u AB, L mc vo AM, R mc vo MN, C mc vo
NB. Biu thc dng in trong mch i = 2 2 cos ( 100 t / 6 ) (A). Hiu in th trn cc on mch AN v
MB lch pha nhau 900, v UAN = 200V, UMB = 150V. Tm R, L
A. 60 ;

1, 6
H

B. 100 ;

0,8
H

C. 100 ;

1, 6
H

D. 60 ;

0,8
H

1
50
F , R = 2r. R mc vo hai im
H, C =

A, M; cun dy mc vo hai im M, N; t C mc vo hai im N, B; Mc vo mch hiu in th

Cu 13. Cho mch in RLC (cun dy khng thun cm), L =

u AB = U 0 cos ( 100 t + /12 ) (V), Bit UAN = 200V, hiu in th tc thi gia hai im MN lch pha so vi hiu
in th tc thi gia hai im AB l / 2 .
a) Xc nh cc gi tr U0, R, r
A. 200 2 V; 200 / 3 ;100 ;

B. 400V; 200 / 3 ; 100 / 3 ;

C. 100 2 V; 200 / 3 ; 100 ;

D. 200 2 V; 200 / 3 ; 100 / 3 ;

b) v vit biu thc dng in trong mch?

A. i= 2 sin ( 100 t + / 3)

B. i= 2sin ( 100 t / 3)

C. i= cos ( 100 t + / 3)

D. i= 2cos ( 100 t + / 3)

Cu 14. Cho mch in RLC ni tip; R = 120 3 , cun dy c r = 30 3 . hiu in th hai u on

mch u AB = U 0 cos ( 100 t + /12 ) (V), R mc vo hai im A, M; cun dy mc vo hai im M, N; t C mc
vo hai im N, B; UAN = 300V, UMB = 60 3 V. Hiu in th tc thi uAN lch pha so vi uMB l / 2 . Xc
nh U0, L, C?
A.60 42 V;

1,5
103
H;
F;

24

B. 120V;

1,5
103
H;
F

24

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Hi hng_0972.531.803
C. 120V;

1,5
103
H;
F;

D. 60 42 V;

1,5
103
H;
F

Cu 15. on mch AB gm R, C v cun dy mc ni tip vo mch c u = 120 2cos ( t ) (V); khi mc

ampe k l tng G vo hai u ca cun dy th n ch 3 A. Thay G bng vn k l tng th n ch 60V, lc
in p gia hai u cun dy lch pha 60 0 so vi in p gia hai u on mch AB. Tng tr ca cun
dy l:
A. 20 3

B. 40

C. 40 3

D. 60

Cu 16. Mch in xoay chiu gm t v cun dy mc ni tip. in tr v cm khng ca ca cun dy c

gi tr bng nhau. in p hai u t l 40 2 V v chm pha so vi in p ca mch l / 4 . Tm in p
hiu dng ca mch
A. 40V

B. 40 2 V

C. 60V

D. 80V

Cu 17. Cho on mch RLC mc ni tip theo th t trn. Bit cun dy thun cm L =

0,1
2.104
H, C =

F; t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu u AB = U 0 cos ( 100 t ) . UC chm pha 2 / 3 so

vi UAB th gi tr in tr l
A. 100 3 .

B. 200 .

C. 50 3 .

D. 130 .

1
104
Cu 18. Cho mch in LRC ni tip theo th t trn. Bit cun dy thun cm L = H, C =
F. t vo

2
hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu u = U 0 cos ( 100 t ) . uRL lch pha / 2 so vi uRC th gi tr
in tr l
A. 100 2 .

B. 100 .

C. 100 3 .

D. 200 .

Cu 19. t in p u = 2202cos100t (V) vo hai u on mch AB gm hai on mch AM v MB mc

ni tip. on AM gm cun cm thun L mc ni tip vi in tr thun R, on MB ch c t in C. Bit
in p gia hai u on mch AM v in p gia hai u on mch MB c gi tr hiu dng bng nhau
nhng lch pha nhau 2/3. in p hiu dng gia hai u on mch AM bng
A. 2202 V.

B. 220/3 V.

C. 220 V.

D. 110 V.

Cu 20. on mch in xoay chiu gm in tr thun 30 () mc ni tip vi cun dy. in p hiu dng
hai u cun dy l 120 V. Dng in trong mch lch pha /6 so vi in p hai u on mch v lch pha
/3 so vi in p hai u cun dy. Cng hiu dng dng qua mch bng
A. 33 (A).

B. 3 (A).

C. 4 (A).

D. 2 (A).

Cu 21. t in p xoay chiu u = 1206cost (V) vo hai u on mch AB gm hai on mch AM v

MB mc ni tip. on AM l cun dy c in tr thun r v c t cm L, on MB gm in tr thun R
mc ni tip vi t in C. in p hiu dng trn on MB gp i in p hiu dng trn R v cng hiu

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Hi hng_0972.531.803
dng ca dng in trong mch l 0,5 A. in p trn on MB lch pha so vi in p hai u on mch l
/2. Cng sut tiu th ton mch l
A. 150 W.

B. 20 W.

C. 90 W.

D. 100 W.

Cu 22. t in p xoay chiu tn s 50 Hz vo hai u on mch AB gm hai on mch AM v MB mc

ni tip. on AM gm in tr thun R = 1003 mc ni tip vi cun cm thun c t cm L, on MB
ch c t in c in dung C = 0,05/ (mF). Bit in p gia hai u on mch MB v in p gia hai u
on mch AB lch pha nhau /3. Gi tr L bng
A. 2/ (H).

B. 1/ (H).

C. 3/ (H).

D. 3/ (H).

Cu 23. Trn on mch xoay chiu khng phn nhnh c bn im theo ng th t A, M, N v B. Gia hai
im A v M ch c in tr thun, gia hai im M v N ch c t in, gia hai im N v B ch c cun cm.
t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu 240V 50 Hz th uMB v uAM lch pha nhau /3, uAB v uMB
lch pha nhau /6. in p hiu dng trn R l
A. 80 (V).

B. 60 (V).

C. 803 (V).

D. 603 (V).

Cu 24. Mt mch in xoay chiu ni tip gm t in c in dung C, in tr thun R v cun dy c t

cm L c in tr thun r. Dng vn k c in tr rt ln ln lt o hai u in tr, hai u cun dy v hai
u on mch th s ch ln lt l 50 V, 302 V v 80 V. Bit in p tc thi trn cun dy sm pha hn
dng in l /4. in p hiu dng trn t l
A. 30 V.

B. 302 V.

C. 60 V.

D. 20 V.

Cu 25. Trn on mch xoay chiu khng phn nhnh c bn im theo ng th t A, M, N v B. Gia hai
im A v M ch c in tr thun, gia hai im M v N ch c cun dy, gia 2 im N v B ch c t in.
t vo hai u on mch mt in p 175 V 50 Hz th in p hiu dng trn on AM l 25 (V), trn on
MN l 25 (V) v trn on NB l 175 (V). H s cng sut ca ton mch l
A. 7/25.

B. 1/25.

C. 7/25.

D. 1/7.

P N
1B
11A
21C

2C
12D
22B

3C
13D,D
23C

4D
14A
24A

5C
15B
25C

6B
16A

7C
17C

8B
18A

9B
19C

10D
20C