The Burmese Journal (October-2013)

jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif
twGJ 12- trSwf 2 Vol 12, No.2 October, 2013
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
atmufwdkbmv 2013
tvkyform;rsm;. tedrfhqHk; vkyfcvpmowfrSwfEdkifa&;twGuf

tvkyform;0ef}uD;XmerS tvkyf&Sif tvkyform;rsm;.
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tvkyform;rsm;. tedrfhqHk;vkyfc vpm owfrSwfEdkifa&;twGuf 2013 ckESpf atmufwdk
bmv 10 &uf E S i f h 11 &uf w d k @ wG i f tvk y f o rm;0ef } uD ; XmerS tvk y f & S i f tvk y f o rm;rsm;ES i f h
awG@qHkum ,if;wdk@. oabm;xm;rsm;udk aumufcHoGm;rnfjzpfa=umif; tvkyform;/ tvkyf
tudkifESifh vlr_zlvHka&;0ef}uD;XmerS 'kwd,n$ef=um;a&;rSL;csKyf +idrf; Oya't}uHay; OD;oufEdkifOD;
u ajym=um;onf? tvkyform;/ tvkyftudkifESifh vlr_zlvHka&;0ef}uD;Xme taejzifh tenf;qHk;
tca=u;aiG enf;Oya't& tvkyform;rsm;. tedrfhqHk;vkyfcvpmrsm; owfrSwfEdkifa&;twGuf
tvk y f & S i f t vk y f o rm;rsm;. oabmxm;rS w f c suf r sm;ud k aumuf c H + yD ; tvk y f o rm;rsm;.
tedrfhqHk;vkyfcvpm owfrSwfa&;wGif xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;oGm;rnfjzpfa=umif; od&onf? enf;qHk;
tca=u;aiG Oya'ta=umif ; ud k &S i f ; vif ; +yD ; 10 &uf r S m tvk y f o rm;awG & J @ oabmxm;ud k
aumuf c H r ,f ? 11 &uf r S m awmh jref r mEd k i f i H p uf r _ vuf r _ E S i f h uk e f o nf } uD ; rsm; toif ; csKyf & H k ;
( UMFCCI)) rS m tvk y f & S i f a wG & J @ oabmxm;ud k ,l r ,f ? +yD ; &if tpd k ; &tzG J @ ud k wif j yr,f ?
tedrfhqHk;vkyfcvpm owfrSwfzdk@twGuf aumfrwDu uGif;qif;wJhtcg 'Dtcsufudk xnfhoGif;pOf;
pm;r,f [k tvk y f o rm;/ tvk y f t ud k i f E S i f h vl r _ z l v H k a &;0ef } uD ; XmerS 'k w d , n$ e f = um;a&;rS L ;
(+id r f ; ) Oya't}uH a y; OD ; ouf E d k i f O D ; u ajym=um;onf ? vuf & S d w G i f jref r mEd k i f i H Y tvk y f o rm;
rsm;. tedrfhqHk;&&Sdrnfh vkyfcvpmudk twdtus owfrSwfay;xm;jcif;r&SdyJ puf&Hktvkyf&Hkrsm;rS
tvk y f o rm;rsm;ud k r l vk y f c vpmtjzpf tcsd e f y d k a =u;/ &uf r S e f a =u;ponf h tcsuf r sm;aygif ; I
pmrsufESm 24 odk@
jrpf j yif o if j zL;- rd k ; aES m if ; &ef p
uAsm
pmrsufESm- 3 rS 4 odk@
jref r ma&$ h a jymif ; tvk y f o rm;rsm;twG u f

q&mrd k ; = q&maZmf
pum;0d k i f ; rS ajymqd k c suf r sm;
pmrsufESm- 5 rS 8 odk@
jrefrmoHtrwf}uD; OD;wif0if; rJaqmuf jrefrmbkef;}uD;ausmif;

3 ausmif;ESifh ae@opftv,fwef;ausmif; uGif;qif;avhvm
(wzuf " mwf y H k r S m rJ a qmuf + rd K @ awm& vlxu
k se;f rma&; (vufyaf wmh (ac: )
ausmif ; a[mif ; od k @ oH t rwf } uD ; OD ; wif 0 if ; c&D;aqmifueG yf sLwmoH;k olrsm;
a&muf & S d c J h p Of u pk a ygif ; trS w f w & "mwf y H k
owdxm;)
jzpf o nf )
pmrsufESm- 8 oddk@
xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H q d k i f & m jref r moH t rwf
}uD ; OD ; wif 0 if ; onf xk d i f ; - jref r me,f p yf
rJ a qmuf + rd K @&S d jref r mbk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ;
3ausmif ; ES i f h ae@opf t v,f w ef ; ausmif ;
wdk@tm; uGif;qif;avhvm cJha=umif; o wif;&&Sdonf? xdkif;EdkifiHqkdif&m jrefrmoH trwf}uD;
OD ; wif 0 if ; u usaemf u rJ a qmuf + rd K @rS m &S d w J h jref r mbk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ; awG r S m jref r moH C m
awmf a wG ausmif ; xd k i f t jzpf oD w if ; oH k ; cG i f h & zd k @ / csif ; rk d i f + rd K @rS m &S d w J h 0yf q k d i f r G e f bk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ;
umwGef;
vd k j zpf z d k @ twG u f vmcJ h w mjzpf y g w,f ? ouf q k d i f & m jref r mbk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ; u
ESm 24 odk@
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;
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by since
August,
2005
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
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xdkif;EdkifiH&Sd jrefrmbkef;awmf}uD;ausmif;rsm;wGif jrefrmoHCmrsm;

ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfjzpfa&;twGuf jrefrmoH&Hk;rS }udK;yrf;aqmif&GufaeqJ
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ausmif;}uD;
ausmif ; wG i f
awG @ jrif & pOf )
xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H & S d c&d k i f a 'otcsKd @ wG i f xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H a &muf jref r ma&$ @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm;rsm;ES i f h jynf y a&muf
jref r mEd k i f i H o m;rsm; ud k ; uG , f q nf ; uyf = u&m jref r mbk e f ; awmf } uD ; ausmif ; rsm;&S d = uonf ? tqk d y g jref r mbk e f ;
awmf } uD ; ausmif ; rsm;wG i f +yD ; cJ h o nf h ES p f t enf ; i,f u xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H o m; oH C mawmf r sm;om ausmif ; xd k i f q &mawmf
tjzpf wm0ef , l & rnf [ k xk d i f ; tpd k ; &u owf r S w f c J h & mwG i f ax&f } uD ; / 0g}uD ; jref r mq&mawmf r sm;rS m rsm;pG m pd w f
rouf romjzpf u m jref r mEd k i f i H w G i f ; od k @ ae&ma&$ @ ajymif ; oD w if ; oH k ; =u&wm&S d o nf ?
Tod k @ xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H & S d jref r mbk e f ; awmf } uD ; ausmif ; rsm;wG i f jref r moH C mawmf r sm;u ausmif ; xd k i f ; bk e f ; awmf
tjzpf w&m;0if oDwif;oHk;Edkifa&;twGuf oRw OD;odef;pdefu xdkif;0ef}uD;csKyf rP,ifvwfESifh awG@qHkaqG;aEG;cJh&mY
arWm&yfcHcJha=umif; od&onf? odk@ESifh xdkif;EdkifiH ajrmufydkif;. +rdK@awmf csrf;rdkif+rdK@&Sd 0yfqkdifrGef jrefrmbkef;awmf}uD;
ausmif;Y jrefrmoHCmawmfyif ausmif;xdkifq&mawmfjzpf+yD;onfhaemuf/ xkdif;EdkifiH r,fp&D;,ef;+rdK@e,f&Sd rE
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ausmif ; ud k v nf ; aumif ; / rJ a qmuf + rd K @e,f & S d awm&ausmif ; a[mif ; ES i f h r,f a wmf a usmif ; ud k v nf ; aumif ; xd k i f ;
EdkifiHqkdif&m jrefrmoHtrwf}uD; OD;wif0if; }uD;rSL;+yD; jrefrmtpdk;&udk,fpm; wqifh+yD;wqifh aqmif&GufaeqJjzpfonf?
ta=umif ; a=umif ; aom ta=umif ; a=umif ; a=umif h xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H w G i f nS d K ;i,f p G m ; oD w if ; oH k ; cJ h = u&aom jref r moH
Cmawmf } uD ; rsm;onf r=umrD a omumvtwG i f ; Y ausmif ; xd k i f q &mawmf E S i f h jref r mbk e f ; awmf } uD ; ausmif ; ae
oH C mawmf r sm;tjzpf *k % f o d Q m &S d & S d oD w if ; oH k ; Ed k i f a wmh r nf j zpf y gonf ?
wquf w nf ; rS m yif xk d i f ; Ed k i f i H a &muf jref r ma&$ @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm;wd k @ onf v nf ; rd r d E S i f h ywf o uf & m/
quf p yf & m eD ; pyf & m jref r mbk e f ; awmf } uD ; ausmif ; rsm;od k @ vG w f v yf p G m ud k ; uG , f q nf ; uyf E d k i f a wmh r nf j zpf y ga=umif ;
rD ; armif ; xd k ; jyvk d u f & ayonf ?
t&m&m
bmqdkbmrS r_yD;ekdifyg
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*** jynfolryg
tc&m
t&m&mudk ajymif;vJekdifonf?
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'dk hwawGonf rvGJraoG/ jynfolawGtwGu
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jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&; yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r wD ( JACBA)rSrS vpOf x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?
pmrsufEmS (2)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
jrpfjyifoifjzL;- rdk;aESmif;&efp
oDa&;oD&m uAsmpmrsufESm
rk w f o k e f r d k ; rnf ;
vG i f h p if p J r S
oH w G J r D ; vS s H ul ; puf j yef
armif v G r f ; %D
urf;rjrif vrf;rjrif rsufvSnfhrSm qdkif;rqifh AHkrqifh jy\oemxJ
jyKjyifajymif;vJ arSmifarSmifrJrJ ta,mifaqmif acwf}uD;xJ

ryD j yif 0d k ; w0g;r_ r sm;vrf ; cif ; xm;wJ h ql ; cif ; vrf ; =urf ; wpf 0 uf r S m
tvJ x d k ; cH & usqH k ; cgeD ; ,H k = unf j cif ; tm;
avsmusaewJ h tusF D p vuf a rmif ; vd k yif h w if & if ;
cH , l c suf a wG u d k cg;yd k u f E d _ u f r cH & atmif tm;xk w f a e&w,f ?
+rd K @jy ntarS m if r S m vl r sKd ; bmomw&m; / tom;ta&mif c J G j cm;w,f
vl j ywf w J h awmvrf ; rS m aoewf y pf w rf ; ud k ES p f ( 60 )ausmf upm;w,f
tajy;tv$ m ; t=uyf t wnf ; b0 rk e f w d k i f ; upOf h u vsm; jzpf p Of r sm;xJ
vl a wmrwd k ; awmh w J h t+yH K ;wk a wG awmf a wmf r sm;rsm; wayG @ wyd k u f yd k i f q d k i f & if ;
rsm;jym;wJ h t&H _ ; rsm;ud k rawmf r w&m; tazmf v k y f a e&w,f ?
xd k ; acs &uf p uf tyl a wG tvS l v d k bH k ; aygvatm ay;+yD ; rS
cg;oD ; r_ a wG woD w wef ; eJ h rd k ; a&puf a wG x J ajc&maysmuf o G m ;cJ h aEG v d k
avS m if a jymif [m;wd k u f r _ a wG = um;/ yg;ud k v m&d k u f w J h tjypf z J G h a vrsm;
tawG ; tac: ao;od r f r _ a wG u eJ e J t av;csd e f p D ; wJ h umvrS m
pd w f " mwf a[mif ; avmif ; ayguf x J =urf ; u|H u soG m ;wJ h rk o m;pum;vH k ; rsm;aygw,f ?
auG h a umuf u m tem;rnD r _ a wG = um; usaysmuf o G m ;wJ h pd w f " mwf a wG u
aoG h a jcmuf u m tWwd k u f p m;r_ a wG = um; wd r f a umoG m ;wJ h acsmif ; vd k
b0vrf ; rS m remvd k 0ef w d k p d w f a wG e J h a jymuf = um;vd k acsmif ; ypf w m cH & r,f
aomuawG rif ; rl a wmh a'gorsm; yk q d k ; +cH K +yD ; vuf o D ; jy=uw,f ?
rjrif r urf ; pD ; yG m ;a&;ysuf acwf q d k ; ud k rEd k i f r eif ; xrf ; yd k ; &if ; /
t&if t wd k i f ; b0u tyl r D ; xJ tom;vd k ES p f c guif
urf ; rjrif vrf ; rjrif ed k i f i H a &; rsuf v S n f h r S m pepf a [mif ; awG w pf c k + yD ; aemuf w pf c k x J /
qd k i f ; rqif h AH k r qif h jy\oemxJ b0u uH q d k ; r r,m;vd k ES p f v if u G m
ajrjyif u d k ausmcd k i f ; +yD ; wjcrf ; yJ h v[m aumif ; uif r S m tus,f c sKyf = uaew,f ?
atmif c d k i f j rif h
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&; yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w

wD ( JACBA)rSrS vpOf x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ?
pmrsufEmS (3)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
iSufaysmoD;pm;olodk@
'Drkdua&pD vufxyfyGJ
vrf ; rteuf a &mif a y:rS m

iS u f a ysmcG H r ypf y geJ @ ?
b,f v d k jiif ; rvJ u G , f

rD ' D , mwcsd K @u atmif o G , f
c&k d e D a wG u OPmaiG a =u;
yG J i wf o l a wG u tcgawmf a y;vd k u f w J h t cg
'D t pk d ; &uyJ owd k @ om;avmif ;
jynf o l u owd k @ orD ; avmif ;
a&G ; aumuf y G J u awmh w&m;&H k ; aygh
ql u mEk d / epf q if f
*|ef q if / a'guf w mEd k ;
bm;'d k ; / *d k ; vf z if ; *g;wd k @
eif ; rd o G m ;v#if t a&;r}uD ; yg?
ZD ; oD ; a&mif ; ol a v;
aq;vd y f o rav;/ aus;&G m ol a v;
+rd K @ausmif ; ol a v;rsm;
eif;rdoGm;v#ifoem;p&m?
od < Wvd _ i f
'D v d k e J @
w&m;0if vuf r S w f x k d ; vd k u f t +yD ;
'k u Qw&m;awG =uG v mwJ h t cg
aoG ; awG u d k aumf a ZmeD t jzpf
cif ; +yD ; }ud K qd k v d k u f & w,f ?
aumif ; uif u k d
pmrsufEmS (4)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
jrefrma&$ ah jymif; odapa-umif;= q&mrdk; = q&maZmf pum;0dkif;rS ajymqdkcsufrsm;
jrefrm'Drdkua&pD acgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf&J@ jynfya&muf jrefrmawGudk

ajymcJhwJhpum;wpfcGef;
(aZmf ) q&mrd k ; a& a&$ @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm;awG t wG u f v pOf jref r mjynf
om; *sme,f r S m a&;om;cJ h w mawG v nf ; tawmf p H k + yD q d k a wmh u m 'D t ywf xl ;
xl ; jcm;jcm; bm=um;od x m;wm&S d v J ajymygtH k ; ?
(rd k ; ) atmf &S d w maygh A sm? &S d w maygh ? vl x k a cgif ; aqmif a':atmif q ef ;
pk = unf u ajymcJ h w J h pum;wpf c G e f ; usaemf o d xm;wm&S d w ,f ?
(aZmf ) 'gqd k v J vif ; prf ; ygtH k ; ?
(rdk;) vif;&&ifjzifh usrwdk@ jrefrmvlrsKd;awG[m wu,fawmh rnHhygbl;?
tcG i f h t a&;awG u om nH h c J h w mygwJ h ?
(aZmf) 'Dpum;av;u trSwfw& pum;av;As? wpfjcm; r=unfheJ@avAsm? w&m;0if teDa&mif ywfpfydk@udkifaqmif
xm;wJh usaemfwdk@ jrefrma&$@ajymif;awG a[m tck oufwrf;ukefoGm;+yD;qdk&ifbJ tzrf;cH&awmhrSmvdkvkd- jyefydk@cH&awmh
rSmvdkvkd bmvdkvdk nmvdkvdk?
(rd k ; ) bmvd k v d k nmvd k v k d vk y f r aeeJ @ q&maZmf usaemf ajymjytH k ; r,f ?
(aZmf ) ajymwmu ajymyg rjyygeJ @ (&D p &m)
(rd k ; ) usaemf w d k @ tzG J @ u tvk y f o rm; vl w ef ; pm;twG u f vl x k t ajcjyK tzG J @ jzpf a wmh u m tvk y f o rm;av;awG
tvk y f o rav;awG e J @ &if ; ES D ; jzpf c J h w maygh A sm?
(aZmf ) 'gaygh 'gaygh ?
(rd k ; ) 'D r J a qmuf r S m qd k & if wpf a e@u roZif E G , f q d k w J h tvk y f o rav;&,f - acsmacsmqd k w J h tvk y f o rav;&,f ?
(aZmf ) aeygtH k ; q&mrd k ; ol w d k @ u bmvk y f i ef ; cG i f u vJ ?
(rd k ; ) atmf txnf c sKyf v k y f i ef ; od k ; arG ; vk y f i ef ; txnf c sKyf p uf & H k a ygh A sm?
(aZmf ) [k w f u J h quf y gtH k ; Asm?
(rdk;) olwdk@av;awGrSm w&m;0if ywfpfydk@&Sdw,f? tvkyfvkyfcGifh vufrSwfvJ&Sdw,f? 'gayr,fh tvkyf&Sifu olwdk@udk
ray;bl ; ? ud k i f c G i f h v J ray;bl ; ? od r f ; xm;w,f ?
(aZmf ) Ed k @ ol w d k @ owf r S w f a e@pm;caum &&J @ vm;?
(rdk;) 'Dvdkar;prf;yg q&maZmf&m (Edk@olwdk@qdkawmh) b,fvkyfc pHE_ef;&rvJAsm? ae@pm;c 100/ 150 aygh 'DavmufyJaygh?
(aZmf ) 'gqd k & if ywf p f y d k @ eJ @ 0yf y grpf } uD ; u yd k i f & S i f u d k bmtusKd ; rS jyef r jyKwJ h oabmaygh A sm?
(rd k ; ) 'gaygh 'gaygh ?
(aZmf ) 'D w pf c g 'gaygh u q&mrd k ; tvS n f h (ajymp&m) aemuf a r;&OD ; r,f A sm? r[mcsKd i f r S m pum;ajymjzpf c J h w J h ol
uav;qd k w m b,f o l w k e f ; ajymprf ; ygOD ; ?
(rd k ; ) r[mcsKd i f u 0g0gvd _ i f w J h A s? ol u awmh yk Z G e f a cgif ; csKd ; wJ h tvk y f o rav;aygh A sm?
(aZmf ) awmf + yD ? awmf + yD q&mrd k ; ? yk Z G e f a wmif acgif ; csKd ; wmqd k usaemf v ef @ vm+yD ? acgif ; vm+yD ; csKd ; rS j zif h ?
(rd k ; ) ra=umuf y geJ @ Asm? usaemf a wmif Zuf a =umtav#mh c d k i f ; cJ h a o;w,f ? (&,f p &m- ajymwmyg)
(aZmf ) ol w d k @ vk y f i ef ; tajctaeav;- tqif v S & J @ vm;?
(rdk;) usaemfuar;awmh olu 'Dvdkjyefajymw,f q&maZmfa&; owfrSwfvkyftm;cawmh &ygw,f&SifwJh? 'gayr,fh
'gayr,f h ol w d k @ u bma=u; nma=u;awG jyef j zwf v k d u f a wmh t&if y H k p H t wk d i f ; jyef o G m ;wmygbJ w J h ? tck ywf p f y d k @ uvnf ;
pmtkyfteDqdkawmh oufwrf;uukef+yD? aemufoufwrf;qufr+yD;ao;oa&G@ tvkyfu jyefcef@OD;rSm r[kwfawmh pkxm;wm
av; uk e f j yef w maygh w J h ? 'g ol w d k @ av;awG & J @ b0rS e f &if z G i f h j ywmav?
(aZmf ) atmf pd w f r aumif ; p&mygvm; q&mrd k ; &,f ?
(rd k ; ) pd w f r aumif ; vJ EG m ;arG ; aygh A sm?
(aZmf ) EG m ;rarG ; ygbl ; ? pum;ar;vd k @ yg? aemuf bef a umuf u wpf a ,muf u awmh b,f o l w J h ?

pmrsufEmS (5)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
(rdk;) atmf befaumufu usaemfwdk@awG@cJh+yD; ajymjzpfcJhwJh tvkyform;u olu aqmufvkyfa&; tvkyform;As?

aeygtH k ; ?
(aZmf ) ud k o H a csmif ; r[k w f b l ; vm;? oH a csmif ; ygrS aqmuf u vd k @ &rS m ?
(rd k ; ) b,f u vm ud k o H a csmif ; &rS m vJ ? atmf [k w f + yD ? owd & +yD ? bef a umuf u ud k & ef a ysmuf ?
(aZmf ) ud k & ef a ysmuf u aum ol @ b0 ol @ vk y f i ef ; av; b,f v d k & if z G i f h v k d u f j yef w k e f ; q&mrd k ; ?
(rd k ; ) ol u vnf ; 'D v d k a ygh A sm? bef a umuf q d k a wmh +rd K @u}uD ; w,f ? uk e f a ps;E_ e f ; u }uD ; w,f ? ( MOU)) eJ @ vm+yD ;
vkyfawmh ((MOU)) rSm tvkyf wpfrsKd;- wu,fvkyf&wJh tvkyfwpfrsKd;/ wpfcg wpfcg tjyifxGuf&if ykvdyfuzrf; ao;w,f?
ay;&wJ h yk v d y f a =u;u renf ; bl ; ?
(aZmf ) MOU eJ @ vmwmawmif yk v d y f a =u; ay;&ao;vm;Asm?
(rd k ; ) atmf q&maZmf & ,f yd k u f q H q d k w m cg;wJ h t &omr&S d b l ; avAsm? r_ w f z l ; vm;?
(aZmf ) r_ w f z l ; bmvJ q&mrd k ; uvnf ; r[k w f b l ; vm;vk y f y g? 'gaygh 'gaygh 'ga=umif h v nf ; usaemf w d k @
acgif ; aqmif } uD ; ajymwmaygh ? tcG i f h t a&;awG u nH h a ew,f q d k w mav?
(rd k ; ) 'gaygh 'gaygh aemuf z ef i u awG @ cJ h a o;w,f o l t a=umif ; ajymjy&tk H ; r,f ?
(aZmf ) zef c g;oD ; wJ h v m;?
(rd k ; ) q&maZmf raemuf e J @ av zef i qd k w meJ @ zef ; cg;oD ; &rS m vm;?
(aZmf ) tvk y f o rm;vm;/ tvk y f o rvm;/ bmvk y f i ef ; vk y f w mwk e f ; ajymygtH k ; ?
(rd k ; ) ol u &mbmap;jcpf w m/ pd k u f y sKd ; tvk y f o rav;aygh A sm? emrnf u jyKwf j yKwf + yH K ; wJ h A sm?
(aZmf ) [d k u f &S m ;vywf & nf ? aumif ; vk d u f w J h emrnf y gvm; q&mrd k ; a&? =umoyaw;orD ; xif & J @ ? yoH k ; vH k ; eJ @ rS n f h
xm;wm jyKwf j yKwf + yH K ; qd k a wmh ol @ vk y f i ef ; cG i f a v; ta=umif ; vnf ; ajymygtH k ; As?
(rdk;) olwdk@vkyfief;urS =urf;wmAs? &moDOwku=urf;/ tap;jcpf&wmqdkawmh roufombl;? tvkyf&Sifay;xm;wJh
aep&mwJ u vnf ; &mbmawmxJ r S m qd k a wmh jcif u ud k u f / rk d ; urvH k v#yf p pf r D ; u r&S d a ygh A sm? usef ; rma&;apmif h a &S m uf r _ u
r&S d a ygh A sm? uav;awG u vnf ; rsm;orS yvG w f ?
(aZmf ) q&mrd k ; a&
(rd k ; ) Asm Asm
(aZmf ) v#yf p pf r D ; r&S d a wmh uav;awG r sm;wm obm0bJ A saemf ?
(rd k ; ) 'gaygh 'gaygh (us,f us,f )
(aZmf) 'gawGudk q&mrdk; awG@qHkod&Sd pum;ajymcJh&awmh wu,fhtjzpfawGu a':pkajymovdkbJ? usaemfwdk@ jrefrm
vl r sKd ; awG rnH h y gbl ; qd k w m ay:vmwmaygh a v?
(rdk;) jrefrmvlrsKd;awGu rnHhygbl;Asm? b,fnHhvdyfrwkef; q&maZmf&J@ usaemfwdk@ jrefrmvlrsKd;qdkwm tpOftvmudku
nH h c J h w mwck r S r&S d y gbl ; ? tck v J usaemf e J @ awG @ qH k c J h ajymjzpf c J h w J h usaemf w d k @ a&$ @ ajymif ; av;awG [ m wpf O D ; rS rnH h y gbl ; ?
tarpk a jymovd k ol k w d k @ b0ud k tppt&m&m vH k + cH K r_ ay;Ed k i f r ,f h tcG i f h t a&;awG u nH h w mr[k w f z l ; vm;Asm?
(aZmf ) 'gaygh 'gaygh
(rd k ; ) cif A sm;[m 'gaygh q d k a wmh b,f [ mu av;aejyef v nf ; q&maZmf & ?
(aZmf ) av;aewmu zef i u jyKwf j yKwf + yH K ; avAsm?
r[maZmf (aejynf a wmf )
To Know about migrant workers.
The voice of chatshow by Saya Moe & Saya Zaw.
A pleasant speech by Democracy leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyi
to Burmese Migrations.
(Zaw) Oh; Saya Moe, we have been written so mudch for
our migrant from.
The Burmese journal monthly.what do you get the latest news
this month? Have you samething!
(Moe) Ok, already Ive saya Zaw. I,ve known a speech of our leader Daw Aung San
Suu Kyi.
(Zaw) Ok! Please relay me saya Moe.
pmrsufEmS (6)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
(Moe) Of course! our myanmar nations are not inferior, but only rights inferior
thaly so.
(Zaw) The speech is for us saya Moe. Do, you remember saya Moe, now, the real
colour passport of our myanmar migrant workers has been expire. So, our migrant workers
all are very worries about cases, how to centinue may be arrest by authorities, my be
return to our country.
(Moe) Thats really event saya Zaw, Ill explain and show you.
(Zaw) Ho, ho please say,cnly donrl show, dont show. (funny)
(Moe) Our CBOs is civil society organization, so we often meet male and fcmale
labours and friendly with them.
(Zaw) Of course! Of course!
(Moe) Last two days ago. I met the two frmal labours who were Ma Thagin Nwe
and Chaw Chaw.
(Zaw) Please wait saya Moe, what occupation of them?
(Moe) Ok! Factory workers, knitting and wools.
(Zaw) Yah, please add saya Moe.
(Moe) They have temporary passport, workpermit, but their employer kept them
and not allowed to keep with labours.
(Zaw) If so! Can they set norm wages?
(Moe) Please ask me simply saya Zaw, what is noh? They do not get their norm
wages saya Zaw (funny) about 100 baht or 150 baht earh get every months.
(Zaw) If so, the passport and workpermits are not effeitive for them saya Moe.
(Moe) Of course! Of course!
(Zaw) This time of course, is your voice (funny). I would like to ask continue saya
Moe. Who was she did you meet at Mahar Chai Please!
(Moe) Mahar Chai, War War hlaing saya Zaw, she is prawn head cutter labour.
(Zaw) Stop, Stop saya Moe, I afraid of her because of she is prawn head cutter if she
cut my head oaho!
(Moe) Dont afrid saya Zaw, she relaxed my nape of the neck. (funny)
(Zaw) Their occupation of or not saya Moe?
(Moe) She replied me when i ask her, that she replied was get norm wages, but
alot of give refurd money that are the cost of many expenses. Then their passport (red
colour) will be nearly to expire, they could work continue. Therefore may be less ,oney
that they had saving. This way their really life saya Zaw.
(Zaw) If course! Sorry saya Moe, sorry.
(Moe) If you sorry be keep cattle.
(Zaw) Donot angry saya Moe, next only one you met when you arrived Bangkok.
(Moe) He is canstruction worker whats neme, please wait please a moment.
(Zaw) Mr Tron Rod, iron rod.
(Moe) No, No not fron rod. Ko Yan Pyauk. Ko Yan Pyauk.
(Zaw) Please relay me what he open hearted to you.
(Moe) The same with former his companions Bangkok is the capital of Thailand,
everythings are expensive and sonetimes when we out reach arrestcd by Thai police.
Expensive fine more than Mae Sot about 200 baht or 300 baht because of Bangkok police
is greater than other township police.
(Zaw) They are MOU. Why does the police annoy them saya Moe?

pmrsufEmS (7)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
(Moe) Oh saya Zaw, do you remember, the slogan money make everythings. All money are
not bitter taste, all are very very sweet. Is it so?
(Zaw) If course, if course.
So, our leadre Daw Aung San Suu Kyi said that rights are inferior.
(Moe) If course, if course. The last one i met the girl from phan nga.
(Zaw) Oh! Myarbalan fruit?
(Moe) Donf say for jolly saya Zaw, not myrobalan fruit, phan nga, phan nga.
(Zaw) Male or female whats accupation?
(Moe) Rubber farm worker, her name is pyoke pyoke pyone.
(Zaw) Oh very good girls name. What her job is?
(Moe) Very very rough job, rought weather, scraping rubber latex, is difficult and
then residents unsafe for them so much problems mosquito, electric less, if rainting unsafe
the roof. Then nothing health care for them and too mueh babies.
(Zaw) saya Moe.
(Moe) Of, what saya Zaw.
(Zaw) Without eleotrical light, the bavies so bright more bright, thats nature.
(Moe) If course! If course (loudly)
(Zaw) There are the experiences of saya Moe, while his outreach in Thailand sane
townships.
Ma Har Zaw (Nay Pyi daw)
vlxu
k se;f rma&; (vufyaf wmh (ac: ) c&D;aqmifueG yf sLwmoH;k olrsm; owdxm;)
**Public Health**
General Knowledge For All (ac:) tifwmeufowif;v$mrSm Zlvdkif 19 &uf (aom=umae@)u azmfjy
oG m ;wJ h usef ; rma&;ynmay;owif ;
aqmif ; yg;wpf y k ' f u d k jyef v nf r #a0
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k yf g&ap? The University of Wisconsinxm;ol (25) ES p f t &G , f vl & G , f w pf O D ; [m
Madison rS r=umao;cifu MBA bGJ@&
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csif;u jrifawG@+yD; 911 udk zkef;qufac:wJhtcg
touf rrD a wmh y gbl ; ? bma=umih f rD ; p
avmif w J h Zmpf j rpf u d k tajz&S m rawG @ =uyg
bl;wJh? &uftenf;i,f=um oJvGefprsm;udk
tao;pdwfpHkprf;+yD;aemufrSmawmh oloHk;aewJh
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wpf n vH k ; wif x m;wma=umih f yef u mavayguf y d w f I puf y l v m+yD ; rD ; pavmif u |rf ; ygawmh w ,f ? td y f & mcif ; /
acgif;tHk;wdk@u xdkrD;awmuftwGuf avmifpmrsm;jzpfapum tdyfaysmfaewJh ol@ udk rD;pGJavmifoGm;ygawmhw,f? umAGef'dkif
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ynmrsm; wkd;wuf acwfrDvmonhftavsmuf vl}uD;vli,frsm; tm;vHk; tifwmeufpGJvrf;vm=u&m noef;acgifausmftxd
o,faqmif&vG,faom tayghpm; vufyfawmhudk tdyf&mxJ xnhfoHk; avh&Sdolrsm;twGuf azmfjyyg aoqHk;r_u oifcef;pm
av;yg? vl } uD ; rd b rsm;uvnf ; ab;t&m,f r rS e f ; qwwf a o;wJ h rd r d w d k @ om;orD ; rsm;ud k vG e f u J p G m roH k ; oih f a =umif ;
E_ d ; aqmf w k d u f w G e f ; ay;=uapvd k y gw,f ?
ayguf a yguf
jref r mjynf o m; bavmh * f r S ae@pOf w if a om owif ;

tcsuf t vuf r sm;ud k aomif & if ; e*g;azh ( pf ) bk w f
( http:://www.thaungyinnagar.facebook)) wG i f v nf ; aumif ; / e*g;aomif & if ; wG p f w m
( http:://www.nagarthaungyin.twitter)) wG i f v nf ; aumif ; 0if a &muf z wf & _ e k d i f y gonf ?
pmrsufEmS (8)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
atmufwkdbmtwGuf 7 &uf om;orD; uH=uRm

** we*FaEGom;orD;rsm;twGuf **
,ck v onf rd b ud k aumif ; pG m jyKpk a pmif h a &S m uf E d k i f r nf h t csd e f jzpf o nf ? pD ; yG m ; od o d o mom wuf r nf ?
od=um;r vdkufouJhodk@ vuf&Sdtajctaexufrsm;pGm jrifhwufoGm;vdrfhrnf? vkyfief;rsm; ododomom atmifjrif
rl & rnf ?
vk y f i ef ; opf r sm; pwif j yK vk y f E d k i f a omumv/ vk y f i ef ; a[mif ; rsm; jyef a y:wwf o nf ? bk & m;zl ; c&D ; rsm; pd w f c srf ;
omp&mc&D ; rsm; jynf w G i f ; jynf y c&D ; rsm; oG m ;wwf o nf ?
0ef x rf ; jzpf v #if &mxl ; wuf j cif ; tajctae tqif h t wef ; jrif h w uf j cif ; rsm;}uH K rnf ? oif w ef ; wpf c k wuf & jcif ;
ynmaumif ; &jcif ; rsm; }uH K rnf ?
rd w f a qG a umif ; q&maumif r sm; awG h r nf ? tzd k ; wef puf y Pnf r sm;0if r nf ? ajrud P / tarG u d P rsm; tqif a jyrnf ?
aiG & S m &vG , f j cif ; aiG t 0if t xG u f =urf ; jcif ; rsm; }uH K vd r f h r nf ? &yf a 0;rS p mrsm; tquf t oG , f r sm; &vmrnf ? &ef r sm;jcif ;
pum;rsm;ajz&S i f ; &jcif ; &if ; ES D ; ol r sm; vk y f a zmf u d k i f b uf r sm;ES i f h tqif r ajyvrf ; cG J & jcif ; rsm; }uH K rnf ? txl ; owd j yK&ef
tvk y f w G i f twd k u f t cH tenf ; i,f } uH K &wwf o nf ? tr_ t cif ; &k H j yif u Mm;ES i f h ywf o uf & wwf o nf ? pd k ; &d r f p &m r&S d y g?
t}uD ; tuJ aumif ; &Ed k i f . ? td r f a xmif & S d o l q d k v #if td r f a xmif z uf pd w f n pf & wwf o nf ? aqG r sd K ;om;csif ; rsm; usef ; rma&;
tonf ; toef jzpf w wf o nf ?
vmrnfh arG;v arG;&uftxd
tok b yd k @ jcif ; rjyKygES i f h
txl;owdjyKyg? ESvHk;ESifh ywfoufI
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TumvtwG i f ; aumif ;
usd K ;csrf ; omrsm; yd k r d k & &S d v m
ap&ef E S i f h tnH h t cd k u f r sm; ouf o m
ajyaysmuf a p&ef atmuf y g
,=wmrsm;ud k *&k p d k u f j yKvk y f y gav?
bk&m;zl;c&D;oGm;yg/ c&D;p&dwf
jywf a eol u d k aiG v S L yg/ arG ; ae@wk d i f ; td y f & ma&$ @ ajymif ; Itd y f y g?
** wevFm om;orD;rsm;twGuf
**
tvk y f a e&m/ td r f a e&m jyif q if r G r f ; rH & jcif ; ajymif ; a&$ @ &jcif ; vk y f & wwf o nf ? td r f o pf a qmuf v #if aumif ; tcsd e f
jzpf o nf ?
vkyfief;topfay:jcif; (odk@r[kwf) vuf&SdtvkyfESifh ywfoufI tquftoG,fopfrsm;? ay:vmvdrfhrnf? vkyfief;ESifh
ywf o uf I emrnf a umif ; &jcif ; ae&maumif ; &jcif ; / vk y f i ef ; wd k ; csJ @ &jcif ; rsm; vk y f & wwf o nf ?
tdrfaxmifr&Sdolrsm; tdrfaxmifuswwfaom umvjzpfonf? Zmwm&Sifonf a,musfm;jzpfygu tdrfaxmifusv#if
aumif ; ygonf ?
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ol c d k ; / rsuf a ph tuscH & wwf a om umvjzpf I ol c d k ; tcd k ; cH & wwf a =umif ; owd j yKygav? c&D ; tusd K ;ay;aom umv
jzpf y gonf ?
bk & m;zl ; c&D ; oG m ;&wwf o nf ? uG J u G m aeaom aqG r sd K ;om;csif ; rsm;eS i f h jyef q H k r nf ? &yf a 0;rS aqG r sd K ;om;csif ; rsm;
a&muf v mwwf o nf ?
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a&$ E S i f h tzd k ; wef &wemyPnf ; rsm; 0if v mrnf bk & mqif ; wk a wmf pG , f a wmf &[myH k a wmf r sm; =uG v mwwf o nf ?
vuf 0 wf & wemrsm; ausmuf j yKwf x G u f j cif ; aysmuf j cif ; / jzpf w wf o nf ? tvk y f w G i f twd k u f t cH t+yd K if t qd k i f
}uD ; pG m }uH K rnf ? twd k u f t cH r S e f o r# tEd k i f & rnf ? rd o m;pk t}uD ; tuJ vk y f i ef ; t}uD ; tuJ wd k @ a=umif h pd w f n pf & wwf o nf ?
txl ; ojzif h zcif usef ; rma&; nH h w wf o nf ? xD a yguf o uJ h o d k @ aiG r sm;0if w wf o nf ?
pmrsufEmS (9)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
TumvtwG i f ; aumif ; usd K ;csrf ; omrsm; yd k r d k & &S d v map&ef E S i f h tnH h t cd k u f r sm; ouf o majyaysmuf a p&ef atmuf
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** t*Fg om;orD;rsm;twGuf **
tvSLtwef;udPrsm; rkcsvkyf&rnf? aiGtpkvdkuf tyHkvdkuf 0ifvmvdrfhrnf? rdrd. tvkyfrSvnf;aumif;/ xDayguf
Ivnf ; aumif ; 0if v mwwf o nf ?
Tumvrsd K ;Y omref t ajctaersd K ;rS a eI pD ; yG m ;t&S d e f t [k e f E S i f h wuf u m vuf & S d t ajctaexuf tqaygif ; rsm;
pD ; yG m ;wuf v d r f h r nf ?
rd r d v k y f i ef ; rsm;ud k tif E S i f h tm;ES i f h wd k ; csJ @ vk y f u d k i f o if h a omf v nf ; jzwf v rf ; rvk d u f & ef owd a y;vd k y gonf ? rd r d t m;
jy\emvk y f a eol r sm; &S d v #if tqif a jyoG m ;rnf ?
roif h j rwf o l r sm;ES i f h jyef v nf o if h j rwf o G m ;rnf ? tzd k ; wef a usmuf rsuf & wemrsm;0if r nf ? td r f a xmif & S i f r sm;
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twl a erd o m;pk x J r S t}uD ; tuJ tbd k ; tbG m ;rsm;ta&;jzpf w wf o nf ? vl r sd K ;jcm;/ Ed k i f i H j cm;ES i f h ywf o uf a om ud P rsm;
tusd K ;ay; atmif j rif r nf ?
c&D ; rsm;r=umc% xG u f & wwf o nf ? xd k c &D ; rsm;onf v nf ; tusd K ;ay; atmif j rif v d r f h r nf ? 0ef x rf ; qd k v #if &mxl ;
wufjcif;tajctae jrifwwfjcif; }uHK&vdrfhrnf? ynma&;udPrsm; oifwef;udPrsm;udk ta=umif;jyKI pdwfnpf&wwfonf?
a&$xGufjcif;/ a&$twGuf ajymqdkajz&Sif;&jcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf? t*FgeH pdef/ pufyPnf; xGufwwfonf? a&$xnf0,fv#if
topfrsm;om 0,foifhonf tysufta[mif; r0,foifhyg? txl;owdjyK&ef atmufvufi,fom; om;orD; xGufoGm;jcif;/
if;wdk@twGuf aomua&muf&jcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf? qD;a&m*g/ rsufpda&m*grsm; 'kQay;jcif;/ tpm;rSm;jcif;/ aq;rSm;
jcif ; rsm; }uH K &wwf o nf ?
pm&G u f p mwrf ; pmcsKyf u d P rsm;twG u f pd w f n pf & jcif ; / ypf p m wd k i f p m a&muf j cif ; rsm; }uH K &wwf o nf ? aqG r sd K ;om;
csif ; rsm;ud k aumif ; pG m tul t nD ay;Ed k i f v d r f h r nf ? vuf & S d t vk y f t ud k i f u d k pd w f r 0if p m;jcif ; / tvk y f a jymif ; vd k p d w f r sm; }uH K
vmwwf o nf ?
td r f 0 ,f E d k i f a omf v nf ; td r f t em;tqm rvG w f / td r f { nf h o nf r jywf / td r f a qmuf v #if wef ; vef ; jzpf w wf o nf ?
cd k i f r maom pD ; yG m ;a&;vk y f i ef ; rsm; wnf a qmuf x m;yg? &&S d a om ta=uG ; rsm;ud k ,ck u mvwG i f }ud K wif p k a qmif ; xm;yg?
ok d @ r[k w f y gu qH k ; wwf o nf ?
TumvtwGif; aumif;usdK;csrf;omrsm; ydkrdk&&Sdvmap&efESifh tnHhtcdkufrsm; oufomajyaysmufap&ef atmufyg
,=wmrsm;ud k *&k p d k u f j yKvk y f y gav?
xD ; jzLtao;ouf a pH E S i f h xD ; jzLt}uD ; wpf v uf u d k arG ; ae@euf w G i f bk & m;vS L yg? tar$ ; eJ @ omES i f h bk & m; tm;a&
oy`g,f y g?
** Ak<[l; om;orD;rsm;twGuf **
bk&m;qifwkawmf/ yHkawmf/ &[myHkawmfrsm; =uGvmwwfonf? rxifrSwfaom c&D;rsm; r&nf&Gufaom c&D;rsm;
oG m ;&wwf o nf ?
ol w pf y g;ud P twG u f c&D ; oG m ;&wwf o nf ? vl r sd K ;jcm;u ul n D j cif ; / Ed k i f i H & yf j cm;ES i f h ywf o uf a omud P rsm;
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pmrsufEmS (10)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
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pmrsufEmS (11)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
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pmrsufEmS (12)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
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cEvmud

pmrsufEmS (13)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
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tqH k ; wG i f ol E S i f h ol @ rd o m;pk r S bmoma&;ud k ouf 0 if = unf n d K yH k ES i f h a umif ; rG e f o nf h jref r mES i f h Ed k i f i H w umquf q H a &;ud k
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pmrsufEmS (14)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
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-aq;avmu[morsm;)

pmrsufEmS (15)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
olawmif;pm;wOD;u bk&m;ukd aemufxyf bwf 1 oef; vSL'gef;
General Knowledge ({&m0wD Friday, April 5, 2013))

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jzpf a yr,f h 'gu wu,f h v uf a wG @ rS m &S d a eygw,f ?
xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H eck e f y xk e f & S d ausmf = um;wJ h bk & m;wql j zpf w J h 0yf & k d i f ; cif ; ud k emrnf } uD ; xd k i f ; ol a wmif p m;}uD ; wOD ; u
xk d i f ; bwf a iG aemuf x yf 1 oef ; (usyf od e f ; 300 cef @ )ud k ,ref a e@u xyf r H v S L gef ; vd k u f y gw,f ?
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ol v nf ; vl o d & S i f = um;jzpf c J h a yr,f h ol u ae+rJ w k d i f ; &k d & k d u sKd ; usd K ;yJ aeqJ y gbJ w J h ?
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ajr}uD ; ay: wJ a v;xk d ; +yD ; aeygw,f ?
t&yf x J u vH k + cH K a&;vk y f a y;=uwJ h apwem&S i f a wG u vnf ; bk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ; xJ nwk d i f ; vm+yD ; ol @ uk d apmif h a &S m uf
wmawG vk y f y gw,f v d k @ bk & m;vl } uD ; yG e f x uf y f u qk d y gw,f ? rPwm tk d i f , rf u ajymwmuawmh ES p f p Of bk & m;ud k
ol v S L wJ h a iG a wG [ m ol a wmif ; &rf ; vd k @ &wJ h aiG t m;vH k ; eD ; yg;yg bJ w J h ?
olu wevFmu aom=umae@awGxd w&ufukd 0ifaiGu bwfaiG 3 axmifu 4 axmifavmuf&Sd+yD; pae/ we*FaEG
qk d & if bwf a iG 2 aomif ; u 4 aomif ; xd 0if a iG &w,f v k d @ qk d y gw,f ?
aemuf+yD; tJ'D c&kdifxJrSm&SdwJh wjcm; bk&m;ausmif;uefawGudkvnf; olu bwfaiG 1 odef;uae 2 odef;avmufudk
vnf ; vS L 'gef ; ygao;w,f v d k @ ol u ajymygw,f ?
pmrsufEmS (16)
tem*wfum;avmuqdkwmbmvJ
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
jyKjyifajymif;vJr_qdkwm ae&mwkdif;/ tcsdefwkdif;rSm &SdaewmtrSefygyJ? acwfqkdwmvnf; b,fawmhrS &yfwef@raewwf

ygbl ; ? t+rJ w rf ; pD ; qif ; aewJ h a&vsif v k d y gyJ ? wD x G i f r _ q ef ; opf r _ a wG [ mvnf ; &yf w ef @ td y f a ysmf a er,f v k d @ rxif v d k u f y geJ @ ?
ol u yk d v k d @ awmif vsif v sif j ref j ref e J @ pD ; qif ; aewJ h a&tvsif v d k y gyJ ? t+rJ w rf ; pOf ; pm;/ t+rJ w rf ; wD x G i f a e&wJ h t vk y f [ m
wD x G i f z ef w D ; &S i f a wG & J @ yif r tvk y f y if r [k w f a yvm;?
rS e f y gw,f ? wpf u BmvH k ; wD x G i f a e=uygw,f ? 'D u Bm}uD ; u wD x G i f r _ taygif ; eJ @ jynf h E S u f a ewJ h uBm}uD ; qk d v nf ;
rrS m ;ygbl ; ? txl ; ojzif h enf ; ynmavmu }uD ; rS m yg? enf ; ynmwpf a vmuvH k ; u rtd y f r em;bJ wD x G i f a eovm;rod b l ; ?
'D u ae@ wD x G i f v d k u f w J h t&mwpf c k [ m reuf j zef r S m ol @ &J @ +yd K if b uf a wG u +yd K if z d k @ toif h apmif h a ewwf = uygw,f ?
uBmausmf um;ukr `%D
awG u aps;uG u f a 0pk a wG w k d ; vmzd k @ um;
%D }uD;
awGukdt+ydKiftqkdif wDxGifxkwf vkyf
ae=uwmyg? um;awGukd aumif; oxuf
aumif ; atmif t+yd K if t qk d i f xk w f
vk y f a e=uwmyg? tm&S x k w f um;awG
aygw,f ? jref w ,f ? +yD ; awmh qD p m;
vnf; oufomw,f? 'D*k%fj'yfukd awmh
tm&S u m;uk r ` %D
ae&m,l x m;wmyg? taemuf um;
% Du tjywf t owf
xk w f u k r ` %D
rmw,f? wm&SnfcHw,f/ 'gayr,fh qDpm;
% Da wG x k w f w J h um;awG u
rouf o mbl ; ? 'D t m;enf ; csuf u d k
tvJ x k d ; Ek d i f w muawmh tm&S um;awG
ygyJ? 'DwpfvSnfhawmh t aemufum;
awG u ta&S @ um;aps;uG u f u k d tvJ x k d ;
paumh w vef t pk d ; &u 2050 a&muf & if
oGm;Ekdifygw,f? bmjzpfvdk@ vJqdkawmh
+rdK@v,faumifawGrSm "mwfqDeJ@ 'DZ,fum;awG ,mOfarmif;awGukd v#yfppfarmfawmfum;awG b,fvkdarmif;ESif toHk;jyKoGm;
r,fqkdwmawGeJ@ ywfouf+yD;awmhvnf; o&kyfjyoifwef;awG ay;ae+yDvkd@ paumhwveftpkd;&&J@ a=unmcsufrSm azmfjyxm;
ygw,f ? paumh w vef t pk d ; &u vmr,f h ES p f E S p f a usmf t wG i f ; rS m aygif 14 oef ; tuk e f t uscH + yD ; tpk d ; &yk d i f "mwf q D /
'D Z ,f , mOf t m;vH k ; tpk d ; &/ taqmuf t tH k a wG & J @ tjyif b uf r S m v#yf ppf y vyf a yguf a wG o H k ; +yD ; "mwf t m;oG i f ; Ek d i f atmif
pD p Of o G m ;r,f v k d @ qd k y gw,f ?
paumh w vef E k d i f i H r S m v#yf p pf u m;awG ajymif v J o H k ; zd k @ b,f a vmuf wG e f ; tm;ay;aeovJ q k d & if yxrqH k ; v#yf p pf
um;0,fr,fqkd&if aygif 50000/ 'grSr[kwf v#yfppfAifum;0,fr,fqkd&if aygif 8000 ay;r,fvkd@ rufvHk;awG ay;xm;w,fvkd@
tpkd;&&J@ tpDtpOft& od&ygw,f? tpkd;&taeeJ@ 'Dum;awGoHk;wJh tJ'D&nf&G,fcsufuawmh umAGef'dkifatmufqkduf "mwfaiG@
awG av#mh c soG m ;Ek d i f z d k @ ygyJ ? 'D t pD t pOf a wG u k d Oa&myEd k i f i H a wG u pvk y f r ,f h taetxm;ygyJ ? 'D u aewpf q if h tm&S u k d
vnf ; ul ; puf o G m ;Ed k i f y gw,f ? 'ga=umif h tem*wf u m;avmu[m 'D Z ,f / "mwf q D u m; awG uG , f a ysmuf + yD ; v#yf p pf u m;
awG a cwf u d k a&muf & S d v mEk d i f y gw,f ? ?
armif a eEG , f o pf
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; tw
KyWd
tw
KyWd&kyf&Sif atmifqef;[k trnfowfrSwf
Ad k v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ; twKyWd & k y f & S i f j zpf a jrmuf a &;tzG J @ u &k y f & S i f Z mwf
um;trnf u d k atmif q ef ; [k owf r S w f t wnf j yKvk d u f a =umif ; &k y f & S i f
jzpf a jrmuf a &;tzG J @ OD ; xif u d k u d k } uD ; u jynf a xmif p k a e@pOf o d k @ ajymonf ?
,ref a e@u aejynf a wmf w G i f jyKvk y f a om Ad k v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ; twK
yWd&kyf&Sif Zmwfum;ESifhywfoufaom aqG;aEG;yGJwGif &kyf&kifjzpfajrmuf a&;
tzG J @ OUX a':atmif q ef ; pk = unf E S i f h tzG J @ 0if r sm;jzpf = uaom OD ; rif ; xif
ud k u d k } uD ; / OD ; 0d k i f a 00VV k a usmf / a':td t d c k d i f / a':=unf j zLo#if w d k @ awG @ qH k a qG ;
aEG ; cJ h = u+yD ; aemuf Zmwf u m;trnf u d k twnf j yKEd k i f c J h j cif ; jzpf o nf ?
Zmwfum;xkwfvkyfa&;twGuf 2013 ckESpftwGif; tar&duefEdkifiHESifh t*FvefEdkifiHwdk@rS &kyf&Sifxkwfvkyfa&; ukr`%D
%D
rsm;ES i f h quf o G , f I wm0ef , l x k w f v k y f r nf h uk r ` %D
% Dt m; t+yD ; owf a&G ; cs,f o G m ;rnf j zpf a =umif ; od & onf ? Ad k v f c sKyf
atmif q ef ; &k y f & S i f w G i f Ad k v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ; ae&mY t"d u yg0if o &k y f a qmif r nf h ausmf a usmf r sKd ; ES i f h Ad k v f c sKyf atmif q ef ; .
ZeD ; a':cif = unf a e&mwG i f yg0if o &k y f a qmif r nf h Zmjcnf v if ; wd k @ tm; pcef ; oG i f ; avh u sif h a y;&ef t wG u f ac:,l x m;+yD ;
jzpf a =umif ; od & onf ?
qk [ rf

pmrsufEmS (17)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
jrefrmoHtrwf}uD; OD;wif0if; rJaqmuf jrefrmbkef;}uD;ausmif; 3 ausmif;ESifh

ae@opftv,fwef;ausmif; uGif;qif;avhvm
(atmuf w k d b mv 10 &uf / 2013?aomif & if ; e*g;)
(rJ a qmuf + rd K @awm&ausmif ; rS m pk a ygif ; trS w f w &yH k )
(rJ a qmuf + rd K @ ausmif ; }uD ; ausmif ; rS m )
xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H q d k i f & m jref r moH t rwf } uD ; OD ; wif 0 if ; onf xk d i f ; - jref r me,f p yf rJ a qmuf + rd K @&S d jref r mbk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ;
3 ausmif ; ES i f h ae@opf t v,f w ef ; ausmif ; wd k @ tm; uG i f ; qif ; avh v mcJ h a =umif ; owif ; &&S d o nf ?
(rJ a qmuf + rd K @ ausmif ; }uD ; ausmif ; rS m )
xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H q k d i f & m jref r moH t rwf } uD ; OD ; wif 0 if ; u usaemf u rJ a qmuf + rd K @rS m &S d w J h jref r mbk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ; awG r S m
jref r moH C mawmf a wG ausmif ; xd k i f t jzpf oD w if ; oH k ; cG i f h & zd k @ / csif ; rk d i f + rd K @rS m &S d w J h 0yf q k d i f r G e f bk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ; vd k j zpf z d k @ twG u f
vmcJ h w mjzpf y gw,f ? ouf q k d i f & m jref r mbk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ; u a*gyutzG J @ 0if a wG u pk a ygif ; vuf r S w f a&;xd k ; +yD ; awmh
pmrsufEmS (18)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
'Dq&mawmfudkjzifh vufcHoabmwlygw,fqkd+yD; pkaygif;vufrSwfa&;xkd;+yD; jrefrmoH&Hk;qDudk ydk@ay;&r,f? 'gudk jrefrmoH&Hk;u

jrefrmtpdk;&eJ@ xkdif;tpdk;&bufu omoema&;qkdif&m wm0ef&Sdvl}uD;rif;awGudk ta=umif;=um;+yD; oabmwlnDcsuf,lr,f?
'D u d P twG u f t"d u vmcJ h w mjzpf y gw,f ? 'D a e@awm&ausmif ; / ausmif ; }uD ; ausmif ; / r,f a wmf a usmif ; pwJ h jref r m
bk e f ; }uD ; ausmif ; 3 ausmif ; a&muf c J h w ,f ? awm&ausmif ; eJ @ r,f a wmf a usmif ; u 'D v d k a qmif & G u f & if & +yD ?
ausmif ; }uD ; ausmif ; uawmh xd k i f ; axmuf c H c suf & xm;vd k h r vd k t yf a wmh b l ; [k &S i f ; jyonf ? xk d @ tjyif jref r moH
trwf } uD ; OD ; wif 0 if ; onf xd k i f ; - jref r me,f p yf cspf = unf a &;wH w m;ES i f h uk w d k @ qd y f t csKd @ ud k v nf ; aumif ; / wmh c f c &d k i f
uk e f o nf } uD ; rsm;toif ; od k h v nf ; aumif ; 0if a &muf a vh v m=unf h & _ c J h o nf ?
(ae@opf t vuausmif ; rS m )
xdk@aemuf rJaqmuf+rdK@&Sd jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&;yl;wGJv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA) u wnfaxmifxm;aom

ae@opf t vuausmif ; od k @ uG i f ; qif ; avh v m+yD ; q&m/ q&mrrsm;ES i f h ausmif ; om; tcsK@d t m; tm;ay;pum;ajym=um;+yD ;
tvSLaiGay;tyfonf? oHtrwf}uD; OD;wif0if;. rJaqmufc&D;pOfonf xdkif;EdkifiHqdkif&m jrefrmoHtrwf}uD; 1 OD;. yxr
OD ; qH k ; rJ a qmuf c &D ; pOf j zpf a =umif ; od & onf ?
(ae@opf t vuausmif ; rS m tvS L aiG a y;tyf )
(ae@opf t vuausmif ; rS m pk a ygif ; trS w f w &yH k )

pmrsufEmS (19)
a':rmrmOD; rJaqmuf tvkyform;b0 uGif;qif;avhvm
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
(rJ a qmuf + rd K @ *s*G m pwD ; puf & k H jyif y wef ; vsm;rS m vuf r jywf / aygif t a&cG H v ef p wJ h tvk y f o rm;rsm;eJ h t wl )
88 rsKd ; quf + id r f ; csrf ; a&;eJ @ yG i f v if ; vl t zG J @ tpnf ; tvk y f o rm;a&;&mXmerS a':rmrmOD ; [m 'D u ae@rS m xd k i f ;
jref r me,f p yf - rJ a qmuf + rd K @u puf & H k t vk y f & H k tvk y f o rm;wef ; vsm;tcsK@d u d k rd r d w d k h jref r mjynf o m;rsm; ta&;yl ; wG J v_ y f
)u OD ; rd k ; }ud K ; (ac:) q&mrd k ; eJ h twl u G i f ; qif ; =u+yD ; jref r mtvk y f
&S m ;r_ a umf r wD ((JACBA)u
orm;b0ud k a [m'D v d k avh v mcJ h = uygw,f ?
(rJ a qmuf + rd K @ tbd k i f p uf c sKyf & H k u orD ; awG e J @ &if ; &if ; ES D ; ES D ; )
( rJ a qmuf + rd K @ yef e D o d k ; ar$ ; puf & k H puf c ef ; twG i f ; rS m )
pmrsufEmS (20)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
('D a e h n npmud k trd k ; pd r f ; (acg) acsmh o mbD o d k ; ar$ ; puf & k H jyif y wef ; vsm;rS m puf & k H t vk y f o rtcsKd @ eJ @ twl ' D v d k a v)
owif ; -aomif & if ; e*g;
88 uausmif;om;tr_aqmifa[mif;awG[m tcktcgtvkyform;tr_aqmifawG
jzpfae=u+yD
"gwf y H k - OD ; pd e f a X; (r[mcsd K if )/ OD ; wd k ; (r[mcsd K if )/ OD ; rd k ; }ud K ;(88 )/ a':rmrmOD ; (88 )/ OD ; xuf a tmif (ac:)
OD ; Ed k i f E d k i f x G e f ; (88 )wd k @ r[mcsd K if + rd K @rS m awG @ qH k r _ t rS w f w & (puf w if b mv 30&uf / 2013/ r[mcsd K if )
1988 ck E S p f =o*k w f v 8 &uf / &S p f a v;vH k ; vl x k t a&;awmf y H k } uD ; rS m wUod d k v f a usmif ; om;}uD ; awG tjzpf e J @
yg0if c J h = uwJ h ud k r d k ; }ud K ; (xd k p Of - touf 22ES p f ) / rav; rrmrmOD ; (xd k p Of touf 25 ES p f ) wd k @ [m ES p f a ygif ; rsm;pG m
ausmif ; om;or~tr_ a qmif a wG t jzpf e J @ Ed k i f i H a &;vk y f c J h = u/ tusOf ; axmif toD ; oD ; rS m Ed k d i f i H a &;tusOf ; om;tjzpf e J @
jzwf o ef ; cJ h = u+yD ; oumv 'D u ae@ (2013 ck E S p f / puf w if b mveJ @ atmuf w d k b mv) awG r S m awmh OD ; rd k ; }ud K ; (JACBA
touf 47ESpf) eJ@ a':rmrmOD; (88 rsdK;quf/ +idrf;csrf;/ yGifhvif;/ tvkyform;a&;&mXme/ touf 50ESpf) wdk h[m tvkyf
orm;vlwef;pm; tr_aqmifawG tjzpfeJ@ ordkif;bD;wpfywfvnfum yHkpHopfwpfrsdK;eJ@ &Sdae=uyg+yD? xdkif;EdkifiH qrGwfqcGefc&dkif/
r[mcsd K if + rd K @u jref r ma&$ @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm;a&;&m tusd K ;aqmif a wG e J @ OD ; rd k ; }ud K ;/ a':rmrmOD ; pwJ h 88 rsd K ;quf a [mif ; /
wUod d k v f a usmif ; om; or*~tr_ a qmif a [mif ; }uD ; awG tck v d k &if ; ES D ; cif r if p G m awG @ =u&wmujzif h tvk y f o rm;vl w ef ;
pm;awG t wG u f tm;aq;wpf c G u f a umif ; aumif ; }uD ; jzpf a prS m ygAsd K @?
"mwf y H k o wif ; -aomif & if ; e*g;
WE DO, SO WE ARE (JACBA)

pmrsufEmS (21)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
jrefrma&$@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;eJ@ uav;awGtwGuf aygif;pyfynma&;aqG;aEG;yGJ

r[mcsdKifrSm usif;y
(atmuf w k d b mv 1 &uf / 2013/ owif ; ES i f h "mwf y H k - aomif & if ; e*g;)

jref r ma&$ @ ajymif ; tvk y f o rm;awG e J @ uav;awG t wG u f aygif ; pyf y nma&; tvk y f & H k a qG ; aEG ; yG J w pf & yf u d k xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H
qrG w f q cG e f c &d k i f / r[mcsd K if + rd K @e,f r S m puf w if b mv 29 &uf E S i f h 30 &uf a wG u usif ; ycJ h y gw,f ? 'D t vk y f & H k a qG ; aEG ; yG J [ m
'k w d , t}ud r f a jrmuf j zpf + yD ; puf w if b mv 29 &uf a e@rS m vl O D ; a& (85) OD ; / puf w if b mv 30 &uf a e@rS m / vl O D ; a& 30
OD;wufa&mufcJh=uygw,f? 'Dtvkyf&HkaqG;aEG;yGJjzpfajrmufzdkh twGuf MEII (Migrant Education Integration
Initiative) tzGJ@rS pnf;&Hk;v_H@aqmfcJhjcif;jzpf+yD; MEII tzGJ@0if (22) zGJ@eJ@ avhvmolawG wufa&mufaqG;aEG; cJhwmjzpf
ygw,f? tvkyf&HkaqG;aEG;yJG&J@ yxrae@ (pufwifbmv 29 &uf) ae@rSm wufa&mufvm=uwJh ynma&;udk,fpm; vS,fawG[m
oif & d k ; n$ e f ; wrf ; opf q d k i f & m/ touf a rG ; 0rf ; ausmif ; ynm&yf q d k i f & m/ rl } ud K tqif h q d k i f & m/ rl v wef ; qd k i f & m/ tv,f w ef ; ES i f h
txuf w ef ; qd k i f & m txuf w ef ; vG e f q d k i f & m qef ; ppf a 0zef o H k ; oyf a wG u d k tzG J @ i,f 5 zG J @ cG J + yD ; jyKvk y f c J h = uyg ao;w,f ?
aemuf w pf a e@ puf w if b mv 30 &uf a e@rS m awmh MEII &J @ uG e f , uf t zG J @ 0if (22) zG J @ eJ @ avh v mol a wG t ygt0if vl
(30) OD;yJwufa&mufygawmhw,f? 'kwd,ae@rSmawmh u MEII &J@ tem*wf&nfrSef;csufawG/ OD;wnfcsufawG/ pnf;&Hk;xdk;
azmufvH_@aqmfr_awG/ r[mAsL[ma&;qGJr_awGudk jyKvkyfcJh=uygw,f? aygif;pyfynma&; tvkyf&HkaqG;aEG;yGJ 2 &ufpvkH;rSmawmh
88 rsd K ;quf +id r f ; csrf ; / yG i f h v if ; (tvk y f o rm;a&;&mXme)u rouf o uf a tmif v nf ; avh v mol w pf O D ; taeeJ @ wuf a &muf
vmwmawG @ &ygw,f ?
(88 rsd K ;quf +id r f ; csrf ; / yG i f h v if ; (tvk y f o rm;a&;&mXme) u rouf o uf a tmif aqG ; aEG ; aepOf )
'D ' k w d , t}ud r f (r[mcsd K if ) tvk y f & H k a qG ; aEG ; yG J [ m yxrt}ud r f (zef i c&d k i f / acgif v wf + rd K @) tvk y f & H k a qG ; aEG ; yG J & J @
tqufvnf;jzpfygw,f? qufvuf+yD;awmhvnf; xdkif;EdkifiH befaumuf+rdK@rSm wwd,t}udrf MEII tvkyf&HkaqG;aEG;yGJudk
vmr,f h 'D z if b mvrS m usif ; yzd k @ vsmxm;+yD ; awmh u m Ed k d i f i H a wmf o rRw&H k ; / ynma&;0ef } uD ; Xme/ tvk y f o rm;0ef } uD ; Xme/
Ed k i f i H j cm;a&;0ef } uD ; Xme/ vl 0 if r _ } uD ; =uyf a &;0ef } uD ; Xme tygt0if jref r mtvk y f o rm;awG e J @ uav;awG e J @ ouf q d k i f & m/
qufpyfywfouf&m jrefrmEdkdifiHu tpdk;&eJ@ tpdk;&r[kwfaom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; (NGOs/INGOs) tzGJ@tpnf;awGxHudk
qef;ppfoHk;oyfcsuf (rl=urf;) wpfapmif ay:aygufzdk@ MEII u &nf&G,f+yD;vkyfaqmifaewmjzpfygw,f? aygif;pyfynma&;
aqG ; aEG ; yG J u d k rJ a qmuf / bef a umuf / r[mcsd K if / zef i / &aemif ; / csif ; rd k i f / uef c sebl & D pwJ h a 'oawG u jref r ma&$ @ ajymif ;
tvkyform; pmoifausmif;awG/ oifwef;ausmif;awGu udk,fpm;vS,fawG/ xdkif;EdkifiHqdkif&m jrefrmoH&kH;/ ynma&;qdkif&m
tpd k ; &r[k w f a om tzG J @ tpnf ; rsm; (INGOs/NGOs) awG p ojzif wuf a &muf aqG ; aEG ; cJ h w mjzpf y gw,f ?
pmrsufEmS (22)
atmufwb
kd mv 2013
AkdvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; orD;awmf 4 OD; &mxl;uxGufESihf owif;wkdxGm
aejynf a wmf Ek d i f i H j cm;a&;0ef } uD ; XmerS m tvk y f v k y f a ewJ h Ad k v f c sKyf r S L ;}uD ; oef ; a&$ & J @ orD ; av;OD ; vk H ; &mxl ; u
ES k w f x G u f o G m ;+yD jzpf y gw,f ?
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