MORPHOLOGY

Sonya Ayu Kumala, M.Hum. Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Asing Budhhi

Morphology? = the construction of words eg. comfort comfortable legal illegal employ unemploy

Structure of words
Syllabic structure : the structure of syllable Example: Book = one syllable Resign = two syllable Property = three syllable Intonation = four syllable

PHONOLOGY

 Syllable : Unit of sounds

 Morphemes structure Example: Book = one free morphemes, book Booking = one free morphemes, book one bound morphemes, -ing Resign = one bound morphemes, reone free morphemes, sign MORPHOLOGY

Morpheme = smallest meaningful element/unit. Morpheme is divided into two kinds: 1. Free morpheme : morpheme that can occur freely in their own 2. Bound morpheme : morpheme that can occur as affixes

Eg: Enjoyable = enjoy + able They enjoy the music show The situation is so enjoyable.

Unpredictable = un + predict + able I can predict my linguistics score His attitude toward my decision is predictable

Word formation:
1. Derivation/ derivational morphology 2. Inflection/ inflectional mprphology

Derivation
Word formation that has permanent effect of creating a new lexical item. Morphemes are attached to affixes to create a new lexical item. Affixes: a. Prefixes = re-, de-, dis-, un-, pre b. Suffixes = -able, -ness, -ize, -ism, -ful

 Derivation : combination of meaning E.g: Un- = to cancel/not to do something or an act Read = to read, an act of reading Unread = an act of not to reading something

Inflection
Word formation has a temporary effect. It is usually to signal the tenses aspect. Inflection does not create a new word, it just adapt the existing words so they can functioned effectively in a sentence construction.

 E.g: Morpheme ed is required in simple past sentences. She wanted a new shoes. (want wanted) He studies in the library. (study studies)

Wanted and studies are not a new lexical item.

 Allomorph : abstract variation morpheme. Allomorphomic variation. E.g: incapable intolerant slammed slipped stilted

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