FORM

SINGULAR I had asked/seen

FORM

SINGULAR I had asked/seen You had asked/seen

FORM

SINGULAR I had asked/seen You had asked/seen He She It

had asked/seen

FORM

SINGULAR I had asked/seen You had asked/seen He She It

PLURAL We had asked/seen

had asked/seen

FORM

SINGULAR I had asked/seen You had asked/seen He She It

PLURAL We had asked/seen You had asked/seen

had asked/seen

FORM

SINGULAR I had asked/seen You had asked/seen He She It

PLURAL We had asked/seen You had asked/seen They had asked/seen

had asked/seen

I had seen. Interrogative: Had I seen? Negative: I had not seen.

Affirmative:

When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul wasnt there. He HAD GONE home.

When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul wasnt there. He HAD GONE home.
The past perfect simple is HAD + past participle ( gone/seen/finished)

USE
We use the past perfect when we are already talking about the past, and we want to talk about an earlier past time. Our train was late, and we ran to the cinema. But the film had already begun.

Used to express a past action finished before another past action began or was finished. He had lost his watch before we reached the village.

COMPARE

PAST SIMPLE Was Tom at the party when you arrived? Yes, but he went home soon afterwards.

COMPARE

PAST SIMPLE Was Tom at the party when you arrived? Yes, but he went home soon afterwards.

PAST PERFECT Was Tom at the party when you arrived? No, he had already gone home

COMPARE

PAST SIMPLE Was Tom at the party when you arrived? Yes, but he went home soon afterwards. Ann wasnt at home when I phoned. She was in London..

PAST PERFECT Was Tom at the party when you arrived? No, he had already gone home

COMPARE

PAST SIMPLE Was Tom at the party when you arrived? Yes, but he went home soon afterwards. Ann wasnt at home when I phoned. She was in London..

PAST PERFECT Was Tom at the party when you arrived? No, he had already gone home Ann had just got home when I phoned. She had been in London.

Sometimes the choice of past simple or past perfect can make a difference to the meaning:

When the boss arrived, the meeting began. ( The boss arrived and then the meeting began. ) o When the boss arrived, the meeting had begun. ( The meeting began before the boss arrived. )
o