:

O(1260-1360), E (1360-1460), S(1460-1530), C(1530-1565),

L(1565-1625), U(1625-1675)
.


.

Gbps
:...................................................................................................
. No

:
1..
2. .
3. .
4.
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. ( ).
14. .
:
:

..............................
......................

:
1. . 1999.
2. ., . . 1999
3. . , ,. . 2001 .
:
1. .. - . 1988 .
2. .. - . 2000 .
3. . 2000 .
4.www.lucent.com
11.www.radial.
5.www.corning.com
12.www.alcatel.com
6.www.ozoptics.com
13.www.draka.com
7.www.nec,com
14.www.micropac.com
8.www.okioptikal.com
15.www.optocfiberonline.com
9.www.pbn.com.au
16.www.rxs.com
10.www.highwave-tech.com
17.www.avantex.com

1.

:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
( /)
.

:
, , , , , ,
, , .

PON
: (BUS)(.1) (.2).

.1

.2.

2.

12 .
1. ,
( 1), /
SNR , BER ( 1),
(RZ, NRZ) N ( 1) ,
(, .)
Li ( 1).
2.
(),
,
.
3. ( 3),
PS(dBm).
PS(dBm) = 10.lgPS(mW)
(1)
S (dBm)
3dB PS NRZ 6dB
RZ ( 3).
S (dBm) = PS(dBm) 3 NRZ
S (dBm) = PS(dBm) 6 RZ
4.
4
, (PIN APD)
(, ,
, .)
4
Pmin , /
SNR ( ), BER (
).
:
Pmin(dBm)PIN = NEP(dBm) + 5.lg(FR) + 0,5.SNR(dB)
Pmin(dBm)APD = NEP(dBm) + 5.lg(FR) + SNR(dB)

(2a)

:
Pmin(dBm)PIN = NEP(dBm) + 5.lg(FR) + 0,5.SNR(dB)
Pmin(dBm)APD = NEP(dBm) + 5.lg(R) + SNR(dB)

(2)


NEP= SN/K (noise equivalent power)
SN (V/Hz-1/2),
, (V/W). NEP
(W/Hz-1/2), (dBm/Hz),
FR (Hz) ,
R (bit/s) ,
SNR / ,
ER,
:
ER
SNR(dBm)
10.3
16
10.4
17,5
10.5
18.8
10.6
19,6
(3)
10.7
20,4
10.8
21,05
10.9
21,6
10.10
19,95
10.11
22,6

R (bit/s)
Pmin ,
BER ( - 10-9 , 10-11 ).
, PIN
100 dB, a APD (030) dB.
4 4
:
4 () = S (dBm) - Pmin(dBm)

(4)

5. 5 ().
(.1):
5 () = . (L1 + L2 + LN)

(5)

(.2):
5 () = . Lmax

(6)

(dB/km)
( ),
Li i- km,
Lmax ,
km.

 6.
6 ().
(
, , ,
, ,
.)
, 6 () 6.

(pig tail). S (dBm)
.
,
-,

6d () = 10.lg(d12/d22) ,

d1> d2 ,
(7)

6NA () = 10.lg(NA12/NA22) ,

NA1> NA2

(8)

:
6 () = 6d () +

6NA ()

(9)

( )
6 10.
7. .
7 () 1.
,
- ,
(7).
8 .
8 8 ()
.

1.
1

8 ()

100-300
100-300
100-300
100-300

4
2
1
0

 8 8 ()
. ,
,
2 , .
2

LED + PIN PD
LED + APD
LD + PIN PD
LD + APD

8 ()
2
3
4
5

9.
(spliters) , ().
, 9()
- ( N) ,
9() = (N-1). S31 + S41

(10)

S31 = S31 (dB) = -10 lg (P3/P1) - ,
S41 = S41 (dB)= -10 lg (P4/P1) (.3).
S31 S41
S310 , S410 .
( )
D = P3/P4. 3
D
1 dB.
1

3
.3

3
D
1
3
9
19
99

%
50
25
10
5
1

S410 dB
3,01
6,02
10
13.01
20

S310 dB
3.01
1.25
0,46
0,22
0.04

S41 dB
4.01
7,02
11
14,01
21

S41 dB
4,01
2.25
1,46
1,22
1,04

3
()

D=1
D=3
D=9
D = 19
D = 99

9()
9()
9()
9()
9()

= 4,01 .N;
= 2,25.N + 4,47;
= 1,46 . N + 9.54;
= 1,22 . N + 12,79;
= (N-1). S31 + S41 = 1.04 .N + 19,96.

(12)

9() , D .

,
.

90 (dB) = 10 lg ( N)

(13)

(dB) 2,5 lg (N)

(14)

9 (dB) = 12,5. lg ( N) ,

(15)

N = (4 -64).
,
, .
10. 10 (dB)
10(dB) 10(dB) . NPC NC

10 (dB) = NPC. 10(dB) + NC. 10(dB)

4.
4

10(dB)
0.1
0.2

10(dB)
0.03
0.05

.
(8) (9).

 11.
-
11 (dB) = 5(dB)+ 6(dB)+ 7(dB)+ 8(dB)+ 8(dB)+ 9(dB)+ 10(dB) (16)
12 .
11 (dB)
4 4 ()
12 (dB) = 4 () 11()

(17)

12 (dB) > 0

(17)

, .
-
S (dBm) - 11() >Pmax(dBm)
,
.
Pmax(dBm)
( ).
3. .
-
, -
.
,
,
0,1 0,9 .
, f

0,35/ f

(19)

0,35/ B

RZ

0,7 / B

NRZ.

(20)

1. 1
(19) (20).

 2.
2 . ,
(19).
3. , 2
3 .
4.
(): n 1
, NA,
.
5.
, :
.
,
:
= 30 nm LED,
= 2 nm LD,
= 0.1 nm DFB, DBR .
6.
.

6 = L n1.2. / 2C = L.(NA)4 / 8.C.n13

(21)

= (n1 n2)/ n1
NA = n1.(2. )1/2.

f
6 = 0.35 . L / f

(22)

Lkp
6 = (L. Lkp)1/2 n1.2. / 2C = (L. Lkp)1/2.(NA)4 / 8.C.n13

(23)

6 = 0.35 . (L. Lkp)1/2 / f

(21) (23) L
L = L1 + L2 + LN

(24)

,
, 6,1 6,2

 Lmax1 Lmax2 ,
,

6 = ( (6,1)2 + (6,2)2)1/2

(25)

6 = 0.
7.
7 = Mtch() (ps/nm km). L( km).(nm)

(26)

Mtch() (ps/nm km)

. ,
,
Mtch() = Mtch(0).( - 02/ 3)

(27)

(750 1600)nm ,
0 ( 1300 nm ),
Mtch(0) = 0.1 (ps/nm2 km).
8.
8 = (22 + 32 + 62 + 72)

(28)

9.
9 = 1 8

(29)

9 > 0 ,
.
9 < 0 , .
,
,
.
9 , 12
.

LD

LED

PIN PD

LPD

Fibers