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- M.C : master of ceremony ( ngi dn chng trnh )

- A.V : audio_visual (nghe nhn)
- C/C : carbon copy ( bn sao )
- P. S : postscript ( ti bt )
- e.g : exempli gratia ( v d , chng hn )
- etc : et cetera (vn vn )
- W.C : Water_closet (nh v sinh )
- ATM : automatic teller machine ( my thanh ton tin t ng)
- VAT : value addex tax (thu gi tr gia tng )
- AD : Anno Domini : years after Christ's birth (sau cng nguyn )
- BC : before Christ ( trc cng nguyn )
- a.m : ante meridiem ( ngha l trc bui tra )
- p.m : post meridiem ( ngha l sau bui tra )
- ENT ( y hc ) : ear , nose , and throat (tai , mi , hng )
- I.Q : intelligence quotient ( ch s thng minh )
- B.A : bachelor of arts (c nhn vn chng )
- A.C : alternating current (dng in xoay chiu )
NHNG CU CN THIT KHI THUYT TRNH TING ANH

I _ INTRODUCING YOURSELF T GII THIU
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.
(Cho bui sng qu ng/b)

Good afternoon, everybody
(Cho bui chiu mi ngi.)

Im , from [Class]/ [Group].
(Ti l, n t)

Let me introduce myself; my name is , member of group 1
(D ti t gii thiu, tn ti l , l thnh vin cua nhm 1.)

II _ INTRODUCING THE TOPIC GII THIU CHU DE
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- -------

Today I am here to present to you about [topic].(Ti o y hm nay trnh by vi cc bn v)

I would like to present to you [topic].(Ti mun trnh by vi cc bn v )

As you all know, today I am going to talk to you about [topic].(Nh cc bn u bit, hm nay ti s trao i vi
cc bn v)

I am delighted to be here today to tell you about(Ti rt vui oc c mt o y hm nay k cho cc bn v)

III _ INTRODUCING THE STRUCTURE GII THIU CAU TRC BI THUYT TRNH
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------

My presentation is divided into x parts.(Bi thuyt trnh cua ti oc chia ra thnh x phn.)
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I'll start with / Firstly I will talk about / I'll begin with(Ti s bt u vi/ Du tin ti s ni v/ Ti s mo u
vi)

then I will look at (Sau ti s chuyn n phn)

Next, (tip theo )

and finally(cui cng)

IV _ BEGINNING THE PRESENTATION BAT DU BI THUYT TRNH
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------

I'll start with some general information about (Ti s bt u vi mt vi thng tin chung v)

I'd just like to give you some background information about (Ti mun cung cp cho bn vi thng tin s lot
v)

As you are all aware / As you all know(Nh cc bn u bit)

V _ ORDERING SAP XP CC PHN
--------------- --------------- --------------- -

Firstly...secon dly...thirdly.. .lastly... (Du tinthu hai thu bacui cng)

First of all...then...ne xt...after that...finally. .. (Du tin ht sau tip theosau cui cng )

To start with...later... to finish up... (Bt u vi sau v kt thc)

VI _ FINISHING ONE PART - KT THC MOT PHN
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- -----

Well, I've told you about... (Vng, ti va trnh by vi cc bn v phn )

That's all I have to say about... (D l tt c nhung g ti phi ni v phn )

We've looked at... (Chng ta va xem qua phn )

VII _ STARTING ANOTHER PART BAT DU MOT PHN KHC.

Now we'll move on to... (Gi chng ta s tip tc n vi phn)

Let me turn now to... (D thi chuyn ti phn)

Next... (Tip theo)

Let's look now at...(Chng ta cng nhn vo phn)

VIII _ ENDING KT THC
--------------- --------------- ----
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I'd like to conclude by (Ti mun kt lut li bng cch )

Now, just to summarize, lets quickly look at the main points again. (By gi, tm tt li, chng ta cng nhn
nhanh li cc chnh mt ln nua.)

That brings us to the end of my presentation. (D l phn kt thc cua bi thuyt trnh cua ti.)

IX _ THANKING YOUR AUDIENCE. CAM ON THNH GIA
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- -----------

Thank you for listening / for your attention. (Cm n bn lng nghe/ tp trung)

Thank you all for listening, it was a pleasure being here today. (Cm n tt c cc bn v lng nghe, tht l mt
vinh hnh oc o y hm nay.)

Well that's it from me. Thanks very much. (Vng, phn cua ti n y l ht. Cm n rt nhiu.)

Many thanks for your attention. (Cm n rt nhiu v s tp trung cua bn.)

May I thank you all for being such an attentive audience. (Cm n cc bn rt nhiu v rt tp trung.)

Hc cch nhn xt bng ting Anh
Stating your Opinion (Da ra kin)
It seems to me that ... (Vi ti, dng nh l,,)
In my opinion, ... (Theo kin ti th)
I am of the opinion that .../ I take the view that ..( kin cua ti l/ Ti nhn nhn vn ny l).
My personal view is that ... (Quan im cua ring ti l).
In my experience ... (Theo kinh nghim cua ti th).
As far as I understand / can see ... (Theo nh ti hiu th).
As I see it, .../ From my point of view ... (Theo ti/ theo quan im cua ti).
As far as I know ... / From what I know ...(Theo ti bit th/ T nhng g ti bit th).
I might be wrong but ... (C th ti sai nhng).
If I am not mistaken ... (Nu ti khng nhm th).
I believe one can (safely) say ... (Ti tin rng).
It is claimed that ... (Ti tuyn b rng).
I must admit that ... (Ti phi tha nhn rng).
I cannot deny that ... (Ti khng th phu nhn rng.).
I can imagine that ... (Ti c th tong tong th ny.).
I think/believe/suppose ... (Ti ngh/ tin/ cho l).
Personally, I think ... (C nhn ti ngh rng.).
That is why I think ... (D l l do ti sao ti ngh rng).
I am sure/certain/convinced that ... (Ti chc chn rng.).
I am not sure/certain, but ... (Ti khng chc nhng).
I am not sure, because I don't know the situation exactly. (Ti khng chc lm v ti khng bit c th tnh hung
nh th no).
I have read that ... (Ti c oc rng).
I am of mixed opinions (about / on) ... (Ti ang phn vn v vic).
I have no opinion in this matter. (Ti khng c kin g v vic ny).
Outlining Facts (Ch ra iu hin nhin)
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The fact is that (Thc t l).
The (main) point is that ... ( chnh o y l).
This proves that ... (Diu ny chung to rng).
What it comes down to is that ... (Theo nhung g oc truyn li th)
It is obvious that ...(Hin nhin l).
It is certain that ... (Tt nhin l.).
One can say that ... (C th ni l).
It is clear that ... (R rng rng.).
There is no doubt that ... (Khng cn nghi ng g nua.).
CAU TRC VIT LAI CU

1. S + be + adj + N = S + V + adv

2. S + V + adv = S + V + with + N

3. S + remember + to do Sth = S + dont forget + to do Sth

4. S + be + adj = What + a + adj + N!

5. S + V + adv = How + adj + S + be

6. S + V + adv = How + adv + S + V!

7. S + be + ing-adj = S + be +ed-adj

8. S + V = S + be + ed-adj

9. S + V + Khong thi gian = It + take + (sb) + Khong thi gian + to + V

10. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + cant + V

11. S + V + too + adv + to + V = S + V + so + adv + that + S + cant + V

12. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V

13. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V

14. S + V + so + adv + that + S + V = S + do/does/did + not + V + adv + enough + to + V

15. Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund

16. Although + clause = In spite of + Nound/gerund

17. Although + clause = Despite + Nound/gerund

18. S + V + N = S + be + adj

19. S + be + adj = S + V + O

20. S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N
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21. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N

22. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N

23. S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (li cu khn)

24. S + like ... better than ... = S + would ... than ...

25. S + prefer = S + would rather + V

26. S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V

27. Its ones duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth

28. S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth

29. Imperative verb (mnh lnh)= S + should (not) + be + PII

30. Imperative verb (mnh lnh)= S + should (not) + do sth
-- EXTREME ADJECTIVE --

Extreme adjective l g nh?

C mt s tnh t trong ting Anh c th sp xp theo muc v d nh tnh t ch lnh: a little cold, rather
cold, very cold. (ch trng thi lnh theo muc tng dn)

Extreme adjective l nhung tnh t tt cng, o muc cao nht. Trong trng hop ny l freezing (ng bng).

Sau y l mt s extreme adjective thng dng:

1. angry => furious -- (gin du => in tit)

2. bad => awful, terrible, horrible -- (t => khung khip, gh gm, kinh khung)

3. big => huge, gigantic, giant -- (ln => s, khng l)

4. clean => spotless -- (sch => khng mt vt d)

5. cold => freezing -- (lnh => ng bng)

6. crowded => packed -- (ng c => cc k ng)

7. dirty => filthy -- (d => bn thu)

8. funny => hilarious -- (vui => vui nhn, hi hc)

9. good => wonderful, fantastic, excellent -- (tt => phi thng, k qui, tuyt vi.)

10. hot => boiling -- (nng => si)
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11. hungry => starving -- (i => cht i)

12. interesting => fascinating -- (th v => quyn r, m hoc)

13. old => ancient -- (c => c i)

14. pretty => gorgeous -- (ep => rc r, trng l, huy hong)

15. scary => terrifying -- (d so => gh gm)

16. small => tiny -- (nho => t hon)

17. surprising => astounding -- (ngc nhin => kinh ngc, sng st)

18. tired => exhausted -- (mt => kit suc)

19. ugly => hideous -- (xu x => gm guc, gh tom)
...............CC CUM GII TU THNG DUNG ...............................

In love : ang yu
In fact : thc vy
In need : ang cn
In trouble : ang gp rc ri
In general : nhn chung
In the end : cui cng
In danger : ang gp nguy him
In debt : ang mc no
In time : kp lc
In other words : ni cch khc
In short : ni tm li
In brief : ni tm li
In particular : ni ring
In turn : ln lot

AT

At times : thnh thong
At hand : c th vi ti
At heart : tn y lng
At once : ngay lp tuc
At length : chi tit
At a profit : c loi
At a moments notice : trong thi gian ngn
At present : by gi
At all cost : bng mi gi
At war : thi chin
At a pinch : vo lc buc thit
At ease : nhn h
At rest : thoi mi
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At least : t nht
At most : nhiu nht

ON

On second thoughts : ngh li
On the contrary : tri li
On the average : trung bnh
On ones own : mt mnh
On foot : i b
On purpose : c mc ch
On time : ng gi
On the whole : nhn chung
On fire : ang chy
On and off : thnh thong
On the spot : ngay ti ch
On sale : bn gim gi
On duty : trc nht

BY

By sight : bit mt
By change : tnh c
By mistake : nhm ln
By heart : thuc lng
By oneself : mt mnh
By all means : chc chn
By degrees : t t
By land : bng ng b
By no means : khng chc rng khng
...............CC CUM GII TU THNG DUNG ...............................

In love : ang yu
In fact : thc vy
In need : ang cn
In trouble : ang gp rc ri
In general : nhn chung
In the end : cui cng
In danger : ang gp nguy him
In debt : ang mc no
In time : kp lc
In other words : ni cch khc
In short : ni tm li
In brief : ni tm li
In particular : ni ring
In turn : ln lot

AT

At times : thnh thong
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At hand : c th vi ti
At heart : tn y lng
At once : ngay lp tuc
At length : chi tit
At a profit : c loi
At a moments notice : trong thi gian ngn
At present : by gi
At all cost : bng mi gi
At war : thi chin
At a pinch : vo lc buc thit
At ease : nhn h
At rest : thoi mi
At least : t nht
At most : nhiu nht

ON

On second thoughts : ngh li
On the contrary : tri li
On the average : trung bnh
On ones own : mt mnh
On foot : i b
On purpose : c mc ch
On time : ng gi
On the whole : nhn chung
On fire : ang chy
On and off : thnh thong
On the spot : ngay ti ch
On sale : bn gim gi
On duty : trc nht

BY

By sight : bit mt
By change : tnh c
By mistake : nhm ln
By heart : thuc lng
By oneself : mt mnh
By all means : chc chn
By degrees : t t
By land : bng ng b
By no means : khng chc rng khng
DO
- do housework: lm vic nh
- do homework: lm bi tp v nh
- do exercise: tp th dc
- do exercises: lm bi tp v nh
- do the washing up (=wash the dishes): ra bt
- do the washing (= wash one's clothes): git qun o
- do one's teeth (= brush one's teeth): nh rng
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- do one's best (= try one's best): c gng ht suc mnh
- have sth to do with sb/ sth: c lin quan n ai/ ci g

Eg: Don't ask me about your books. I have nothing to do with them
(ng hoi ti v my quyn sch cua bn. Ti chng c lin quan g n chng)

MAKE
- make a noise: lm n
- make a mess: lm ln xn
- make one's bed: dn ging
- make a rule: t quy nh
- make one's will: lp di chc
- make a fortune: lm nn mt ti sn
- make sth happy/ sad, etc: lm ai vui/ bun...
- make sb do sth: bt ai lm g (passive <b ng> tobe made to do sth)
- make up one's mind: quyt nh
- make or break (sth): thnh cng hay tht bi

Eg. You should be careful with humor. It can make or break your deal
( Bn phi cn thn vi nhung li ni hi hc. N c th to nen thnh cng hay tht bi cho cuc thng long
cua bn)
stt = status: trng thi, tnh trng
cmt = comment: bnh lun
ad = admin, administrator: qun tr vin
mem = member: thnh vin
rela = relationship: mi quan h
pr = public relations: qung co, lng x
cfs = confession: t th l, t th
19 = one night: mt m
29 = tonight: ti nay
ib (hoc inb) = inbox: hp th n, nhn tin ring (trong facebook)
FA = forever alone: c n mi mi
FB = facebook
FC = fan club
FD = free day: ngy ngh
FS = fan sign: tm bng vit v v tay oc trang tr nhiu mu sc, slogan th hin s hm m thn tong hoc
i tong yu thch
PS = post script: ti bt
5ting= fighting (s 5 l five, c ging fight). V d profile = pro5
Cc ng t phi c V-ING theo sau
avoid (trnh ) + V-ING
admit (tha nhn )
advise (khuyn nhu )
appreciate (nh gi )
complete (hon thnh )
consider ( xem xt )
delay ( tr hon )
deny ( t chi )
discuss ( tho lun )
dislike ( khng thch )
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enjoy ( thch )
finish ( hon thnh )
keep ( tip tc )
mention ( cp )
mind ( phin , ngi )
miss (nh , bo l )
postpone ( tr hon )
practice (luyn tp )
quit (ngh , thi )
recall ( nhc nho , nh )
recollect ( nh ra )
recommend (nhc nho )
resent (bc tuc )
resist (khng c )
risk ( rui ro )
suggest ( ngh )
tolerate (tha thu )
understand ( hiu )
cant help (ko th trnh / nhn oc )

cant stand ( ko th chu ng c )
cant bear ( ko th chu ng c )
It is no use / It is no good ( v ch )
would you mind (c lm phin ..ko)
to be used to ( quen vi )
to be / get accustomed to (dn quen vi )
to be busy ( bn rn )
to be worth ( xung ng )
to look forward to (trng mong )
to have difficulty / fun / trouble
to have a difficult time
Give away : cho i , tng i , tit l b mt
Give st back : tr li
Give in : bo cuc
Give way to : nhong b , u hng( = give oneself up to ), nhng ch cho ai
Give up : t bo
Give out : phn pht , cn kt
Give off : to ra , pht ra ( mi hng , hng v)
Go out : i ra ngoi , li thi
Go out with : hen
Go through : kim tra , thc hin cng vic
Go through with : kin tr bn b
Go for : c gng ginh c
Go in for : = take part in
Go with : ph hop
Go without : king nhn
Go off : ni gin, n tung , thi giua ( thuc n )
Go off with = give away with : cum theo
Go ahead : tin ln
Go back on one s word : khng giu li
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Go down with : mc bnh
Go over: kim tra , xem xt k lng
Go into ; lm vo
Go away : ct i , i khoi
Go round : u chia
Go on : tip tc
Grow out of : ln vot khoi
Grow up: trong thnh
TNH TU DI KM GII TU N ^^

interested in : quan tm n
mad with : b in ln v
made of : oc lm bng
married to : ci (ai)
necesary to : cn thit i vi (ai)
necessay for : cn thit i vi (ci g)
new to : mi me i vi (ai)
opposite to : i din vi
pleased with : hi lng vi
polite to : lch s i vi (ai)
rude to : th l vi (ai)
present at : c mt o
responsible for : chu trch nhim v (ci g)
responsible to : chu trch nhim i vi (ai)
disappointed in : tht vng v (ci g)
disappointed with : tht vng vi (ai)
exited with : hi hp v
familiar to : quen thuc vi
famous for : ni ting v
fond of : thch
free of : min (ph)
full of : y
glad at : vui mng v
good at : gioi v
important to : quan trng i vi ai
Mt s thnh ngu hay gp trong phn nghe Part 4, khi gp nhung thnh ngu ny nu khng bit th thng cm
thy kh kh hiu v bn khon, nhng mt khi bit th mi thu tht d dng.

1. be tied up {with)

C ngha l b tri buc boi, tuc l bn vic g n muc khng th lm vic khc. Mt khc, nu c chu ngu l
traffic, phone, v.v. th n oc dng vi ngha: giao thng b tt nghn, in thoi khng lin lc oc

2. be about to :

Dy thnh ngu thng oc dng trong Listening Part 1-4 ni v s vic s din ra trong tng lai rt gn. N
thng c cc ng t: arrive, leave, land, board i km theo sau.

3. run out

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C ngha l (nguyn liu hoc vn ling) s dng ht run out of oc dng vi ngha s dng ht . Mt
khc, run out of time c ngha l khng u thi gian, sp ht gi, run out of breath c ngha l ht hi:

4. set aside the time to do (for+noun)

set aside l cch din t thng thy trong Part 2. N c ngha l thu dn (ni chn), dnh (tin bc hoc vt
g v mc ch ring), set aside the time oc hiu l dnh thi gian lm vic g . Trong Part 2, n oc t
cu hoi di dng: Should we set aside the time ~? Chng ta c nn dnh ra t thi gian khng?

5. do ~ first thing

first thing c ngha l trc nht, oc s dng vui nhiu ng t khc nhau ty theo mch vn, chng hn: leave,
call, meet, put, v.v. Nu first thing xut hin giua cu th ngha cua n l lm trc tin.

6. slip As mind

C ngha l qun vic phi lm, thi kha biu hoc cuc hen oc nh trc. N thng oc dng di dng It
slipped my mind, c ngha tng t ng t forget v oc s dng chung vi trng t completely [totally]
nhn mnh -

7. Its about time.

Its about time thng xut hin trong p n cua Part 2, n c ngha l It finally happens khi ni n s vic l ra
xy ra trong qu khu nhng by gi mi xy ra, hoc s vic oc d on l chc chn s xy ra. Trong bi
thi TOEIC, thnh ngu ny xut hin vi ngha cui cng cng n khi hng ha hoc nhung thu tng t n tr
so voi thi hn quy nh. Mt khc, bn hy nho Its (about) time to do sth C1 oc dng voi ngha D n lc
phi lm vic g

8. You took under the weather.

under the weather l cm t thng dng trong vn ni, d ch trng thi c th hoc ve mt khng tot. Mt khc,
hy ghi nh thnh ngu to be in good shape c ngha l (ve mt, trng thi suc khoe) tt; ti tn.

9. Take your time.

Dy l cu ni c ngha l Cu thong th., oc dng Irn an ngi ang vi hoc khng u thi gian lm vic
g , n dng ngha vi cu Theres no need to hurry Khng cn phi vi.

10. Stay tuned

Dy l thnh ngu thng xut hin trong bi ni dng pht thanh cua Part 4, c ngha l giu c nh knh (ti vi,
rai, V.V.). Bn s nghe Stay tuned for ~ {Nu mun nghe th hy giu nguyn knh) theo sau s l ni dung
pht sng mt chng trnh no .
HOC CCH CHI DUNG CHO KHCH DU LICH:

Go along the river. - Di dc b sng.

Go over the bridge. - Di qua cu.

Go through the park. - Bng qua cng vin.
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Go towards the church. - Di theo hng n nh th.

Go up the hill - Di ln dc.

Go down the hill.- Di xung dc.

Take the first turning on the right. - R phi o ng r u tin.

Go past the pet shop. - Di qua ca hng bn th nui

The bookshop is opposite the church.- Hiu sch o i din nh th.

The bookshop is between the church and the pet shop. - Hiu sch nm giua nh th v ca hng bn th nui.

The bookshop is on/at the corner. - Hiu sch nm o gc ph.

The bookshop is in front of the church. - Hiu sch nm trc nh th.

The bookshop is behind the church. - Hiu sch nm sau nh th.

The bookshop is next to the church. - Hiu sch nm st cnh nh th.

The bookshop is beside the church. - Hiu sch nm cnh nh th.

The bookshop is near the church. - Hiu sch nm gn nh th.

car park - Bi xe
crossroads - Dng giao nhau
roundabout - Dng vng
traffic lights - Dn giao thong
1-Never say never: Dng bao gi ni chng bao gi
2-none of your business: Khng phi chuyn cua anh
3-No way: Cn lu
4-No problem: Khng vn
5-No offense: Khng phn i
6-Not long ago: cch y khng lu
7-One way or another: Khng bng cch ny th bng cch khc
8-One thing lead to another: Ht chuyn ny n chuyn khc
9-Piece of cake: D thi m, d ot
10-Poor thing: Tht ti nghip
11-So?: Vy th sao?
12-So so: Thng thi
13-So what?: Vy th sao?
14-See?: Thy cha?
15-out of the blue: Bt ng, bt thnh lnh
Cch s dng cua Because of, Because, As, Since, Now that v For
Cc t/ cm t ny u oc s dng a ra nguyn nhn cua mt hnh ng hay mt tnh hung no . Tuy
nhin, c s khc bit quan trng trong cch s dng.

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1. Because of l gii t. Because of oc s dng khi nguyn nhn a ra oc din t di hnh thuc mt danh
t hoc i t:
They are here because of us. (H o y l v chng ti).
He walked slowly because of his bad leg. (ng y i chm v ci chn au).

2. Because, As, Since, Now that v For l cc lin t.

Because oc s dng khi m nguyn nhn oc nu ra l phn quan trng nht cua cu ni hoc vit. Mnh c
chua because thng ung o cui cu:
I went to Spain last summer because I wanted the guarantee of sunshine on every day of my holiday. (Ti i
Ty Ban Nha vo ma h va ri v ti mun m bo rng mi ngy trong ky ngh cua ti phi trn ngp nh
nng).
As v Since oc s dng khi nguyn nhn oc nu ra oc mi ngi bit ri v v th thng l km quan
trng hn so vi cc phn khc cua cu ni hoc vit. Mnh c chua As hoc Since thng ung u cu:
As the performance had already started, we went up to the balcony and occupied some empty seats there. (V
bui biu din bt u ri, chng ti ln ban cng v ngi vo my gh cn trng).
We thought that, since we were in the area, we'd stop and see them. (Chng ti ngh l, v n ri, chng ti
nn gh thm h).
Now that oc dng khi nguyn nhn oc nu ra ang din ra hoc va mi din ra.
Now that the kids have left home, we've got a lot of extra space. (By gi bn tre khng sng cng nua, chng ti
thy rt rng ri).
For oc dng khi nguyn nhn oc nu ra ch l thm vo cu ni, khng c chu ch t ban u. For khng bao
gi oc t o u cu v thng oc dng trong vn vit hn l vn ni:
I decided to stop the work I was doing for it was very late and I wanted to go to bed. (Ti quyt nh khng
lm cng vic m ti ang lm nua v cng vic qu mun m ti th mun i ngu).
1. Phn bit giua TO PUT ON & TO WEAR:

I put on my clothes before going out.
The girl who wears a purple robe, is my sister.
Nhn xt:

Hai ng t trn u c ngha l mc, nhng:
to put on ch mt hnh ng;
to wear ch mt tnh trng.
Vy, mun dch cu: "Ti ra mt ri mc qun o". Dng vit: I wash my face and wear my clothes. Phi
vit: I wash my face and put on my clothes.

2. Phn bit giua TO PUT ON & TO DRESS

C hai ng t ny u ch mt tc ng, nhng

to dress (someone) = mc qun o cho ai
to put on (something) = mc, i, mang (qun o, nn, giy, dp...)
V d:

The mother dressed her baby.(Ngi me mc qun o cho ua tre.)
She dressed herself and went out. (C y mc qun o ri i ra ngoi.)
Mt s gii T thng thng:

1. AT, IN, ON
15


AT : dng trc thi gian ngn: gi, pht giy ...

At 10 o'clock; at this moment; at 10 a.m

ON : dng trc thi gian ch: ngy, thu ngy (trong lch ...)

On Sunday; on this day....

IN : dng trc thi gian di: thng, ma, nm, ...

In June; in July; in Spring; in 2005...

2. IN, INTO, OUT OF

IN: dng ch v tr (a im - khng chuyn hng)

In the classroom; in the concert hal; in the box....

INTO: dng ch s chuyn ng t ngoi vo trong.

I go into the classroom.

OUT OF: dng ch s chuyn ng t trong ra ngoi.

I go out of the classroom.

3. FOR, DURING, SINCE:

FOR : dng o khong thi gian

For two months...

For four weeks..

For the last few years...

DURING : dng ch hnh ng xy ra trong sut thi gian cua s vt, s kin:

During christman time; During the film; During the play...

SINCE : dng nh du thi gian

Since last Saturday, since Yesterday.

4. AT, TO

AT: dng ch s c nh o mt v tr no tng i nho, v nu din tch ni ln hn ta dng "in".

At the door; At home; At school
16


In Ha Noi; In the world

TO: dng ch s chuyn ng ti mt ni no .

Go to the window; Go to the market

5. ON, OVER, ABOVE. (o trn)

ON: dng ch v tr ung lin ngay o trn

On the table; on the desk ...

OVER: dng ch cc lp/thu t o ln trn (o, qun)

I usually wear a shirt over my singlet.

ABOVE: Vi ngha l trn nhng ch s cao hn so vi vt khc thp hn.

The ceiling fans are above the pupils.

The planes fly above our heads.

6. TILL, UNTIL (ti, cho ti khi)

TILL: dng cho thi gian v khng gian.

Wait for me till next Friday (thi gian)

They walked till the end of the road. (khng gian)

UNTIL: dng vi thi gian.

He did not come back until 11.pm yesterday. (thi gian)
---
I. Danh t (nouns): danh t thng kt thc bng: -tion/-ation, -ment, -er, -or, -ant, -ing, -age, -ship, -
ism, -ity, -ness
Ex: distribution, information, development, teacher, actor, accountant, teaching, studying, teenage,
friendship, relationship, shoolarship, socialism, ability, sadness, happiness...........

II. Tnh t (adjective): Tnh t thng kt thc bng: -ful, -less, -ly, -al, -ble, -ive, -ous, -ish, -y, -
like, -ic, -ed, -ing
Ex: helful, beautiful, useful, homeless, childless, friendly, yearly, daily, national, international,
acceptable, impossible, active, passive, attractive, famous, serious, dangerous, childish, selfish,
foolish, rainy, cloudy, snowy, sandy, foggy, healthy, sympathy, childlike, specific, scientific,
interested, bored, tired, interesting, boring

III. Trng t (adverbs): Trng t thng oc thnh lp bng cch thm ui ly vo tnh t
Ex: beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly
Lu : Mt s trng t c bit cn ghi nh
17

Adj - Adv
good -well
late - late/lately
ill - ill
fast fast
CH SU DUNG DONG TU "MAKE" V "DO"
-------------------------
Make and Do l nhung ng t thng dng trong ting Anh, tuy nhin chng ta rt hay mc li khi s dng
cc ng t ny. Sau y l mt s im lu khi s dng hai ng t ny.

Dng make khi:
- Din t hnh ng to nn ci g c th m bn c th chm vo oc.
(e.g.: make a plan, make a ,)
- Din t cng vic ch bin thuc n
(e.g.: make a cake, make a pizza, make a drink)
- Din t hnh ng to ra cm xc
- (e.g.: make her happy, make the baby cry, make her sad )

Dng do khi:
- Din t cc hot ng hng ngy, ch rng nhung hot ng ny thng l khng to nn vt g c th, khng
sng to nn ci mi.
(e.g.: do laundry, do the dishes, do homework)
-Ni v nhung thu khng r rng
(e.g.: do anything, do nothing, do something)

==> Mt s t i cng make v do
CCH DIN DAT S PHN NN "COMPLAINT" TRONG TING ANH
-------------------------------------------

Chng ta thng phn nn khi c mt vn g khng hi lng, hoc khng vui vi li dch v, sn phm
chng ta mua, hay s kin tham gia. Tuy nhin nu chng ta to ra gin d s khng gii quyt oc vn , ngoc
li nu ni mt cch lch s th c th ngi tip nhn s gip chng ta gii quyt n.

Di y l mt s cm t trong ting Anh c th oc dng khi phn nn iu g :

Im sorry to say this but
There seems to be a problem with
There appears to be something wrong with
I was expecting ______ but
Sorry to bother you but
I want to complain about
I have to make a complaint about
I hate to tell you but
Im angry about
Im not satisfied with
I dont understand why
Excuse me but there is a problem
Would you mind?
This is unfair. /I dont think this is fair.
18

This is ridiculous. / I think this is ridiculous.
This seems unreasonable/I think that sounds unreasonable.

Khi phn nn, chng ta nn ni r vn v a ra phng hng gii quyt c th.

VD:
1. There seems to be a problem with my cell phone bill. I was billed for two phone lines and I only have one.
Could you double check the charges on my account?
1. Sorry to bother you but I bought these pants yesterday and they have a hole in them. I would like to exchange
them for new ones.
2. I want to complain about Wendy, your customer service representative. She was very rude when I called this
afternoon. Maybe she needs more training on how to deal with customers.
3. Would you mind turning down your music? It is too loud and I cant concentrate on what I am doing.
4. There must be a misunderstanding, I thought the class was supposed to go until 6pm but everyone seems to be
leaving earlier. So, what time can we actually leave?
5. I have to complain about my workload. I think that it is unfair that all the cases are being sent to me and are not
being split up amongst the department.
6. I hate to tell you but the way you are talking to each other is not okay. You are going to either need to calm
down or leave the restaurant immediately.
7. I was expecting you to help me clean up but you arent. Can you please pause your video game and help me for
a few minutes?

Trong trng hop ngi chng ta ang phn nn khng th gip ta gii quyt oc vn , th chng ta c th
hoi xem ai c thm quyn gii quyt n.

Can I speak to your supervisor?
Can I speak to your manager?
Is there someone else I could speak to about this matter?
CC TU THEO SAU CHAC CHAN L "V-ing"

Dy l nhung t ngoi l v bt buc phi nh mt cch my mc cc mems nh! Vy nn SHARE v v hc
thuc nh

1. Admit: tha nhn
2. Avoid: trnh
3. Appreciate: cm kch
4. Begin: bt u
5. Consider: xem xt, cn nhc
6. Continue: tip tc
7. Delay: tr hon
8. Deny: t chi
9. Enjoy: thong thc, hong th
10. Escape: thot khoi
11. Finish: hon thnh
12. Keep (+ V_ing): continue
13. Mention: cp
14. Mind: phin
15. Postpone = Delay
16. Prefer: thch hn
19

17. Miss: bo l
18. Practise: thc hnh, luyn tp
19. Quit: t bo
20. Recall: triu tp
21. Report: bo co
22. Resent / Resist: cng li, chng li
23. Recollect: thu thp li
24. Resume: ni li
25. Risk: liu lnh
26. Suggest: ngh
- make a speech : c din vn
- make a fuss of / over someone : l ve quan tm
- make a fuss / kick up a fuss (about something) : cn nhn tuc gin, phn nn (v ci g )
- make a plan / plans : tr hoch, ln k hoch
- make a demand / demands (on) : i hoi
- make an exception: to ngoi l, cho php mt ngoi l
- make a wish: c
- make cng thng dng vi ngha: lm, to ra, ch to ra; nh khi ta ni ""make a bicycle"" (ch to ra chic xe
p), ""make a cake"" (nng, lm ra ci bnh), ..

-make one's bed: dn ging
- make one's will: lp di chc
- make or break (sth): thnh cng hay tht bi
- make sth happy/ sad, etc: lm ai vui/ bun...
- make sb do sth: bt ai lm g (passive <b ng> tobe made to do sth)
- make up one's mind: quyt nh
Th v chuyn s dng t ch mu sc trong ting Anh SHARE lu li hc bn nh ^^
-------------------------------------

Trong ting Anh, nhung t ch mu sc cn oc s dng miu t c sc thi cm xc.

1. Black mu en trong ting Anh oc dng ni v s xi quy, en ui.
V d: What a black day! My wallet is empty. (Mt ngy en ui! V ti ht sch tin ri!)

2. Red mu o li khng ch ch s may mn, thun loi m cn oc dng din t s buc xc, tuc gin v
cng.
V d: Im red hot. (= Im very angry.)

3. Pink mu hng oc s dng khi bn ni mt cch hi hc v suc khoe, tm trng cua mnh. Chng hn khi
ngi khc hoi How are you?, thay v tr li Im fine th hin bn thn mnh vn n th c th ni Im in
the pink (Ti ang ht suc khoe mnh), ngha vn nh vy nhng cch ni ny c phn hm hnh hn.

4. Green mu xanh l cy: c ngha i nghch vi pink, oc dng khi khng khoe, sc mt xanh xao.
V d: After a long trip, she looks so green. (Sau mt chuyn i di, c y trng kh mt moi.)
Green cng oc dng vi ngha bng khi ni v s ghen t, k.
V d: She looks at my prize with green eyes. (C ta nhn phn thong cua ti bng nh mt ghen t)
V khi mun din t s non nt kinh nghim, green cng oc s dng kh ph bin:
V d: They assign him many difficult tasks although hes only a green hand. ((H giao cho anh ta nhiu nhim v
kh d anh y ch l lnh mi.)

20

5. Blue mu xanh dng thng oc dng ch s bun ru, khi ni Im feeling blue. th c ngha nh Im
sad.
---
TU VNG VE GIO DUC

1 Lesson / Unit : Bi hc
2 Exercise / Task / Activity : Bi tp
3 Homework / Home assignment : Bi tp v nh
4 Research report / Paper / Article : Bo co khoa hc
5 Academic transcript / Grading schedule / Results certificate : Bng im

6 Certificate : Bng, chung ch
7 Qualification : Bng cp
8 Credit mania / Credit-driven practice: Bnh thnh tch
9 Write / Develop (v): Bin son (gio trnh)
10 Drop out (of school) (Phrasal Verb): Bo hc
11 Drop-outs (n): Hc sinh bo hc

12 Research / Research work : Nghin cuu khoa hc
13 Break / Recess : Ngh gii lao (giua gi)
14 Summer vacation : Ngh h
15 Extra curriculum : Ngoi kha
16 Enroll : Nhp hc

17 Play truant (v): Trn hc
18 Complementary education : B tc vn ha
19 Graduation ceremony : L tt nghip

20 Pass : Dim trung bnh
21 Credit : Dim kh
22 Distinction : Dim gioi
23 High distinction : Dim xut sc
CC TU NOI TRONG CU ^^

1. Nhung t dng thm thng tin

and (v)
also (cng)
besides (ngoi ra)
first, second, third (thu nht, thu hai, thu ba)
in addition (thm vo )
in the first place, in the second place, in the third place (o ni thu nht, o ni thu hai, o ni thu ba)
furthermore (xa hn nua)
moreover (thm vo )
to begin with, next, finally (bt u vi, tip theo l, cui cng l)
2. Nhung t du hiu ch nguyn nhn, h qu

Accordingly (Theo nh)
and so (v v th)
as a result (Kt qu l)
21

consequently (Do )
for this reason (V l do ny nn)
hence, so, therefore, thus (V vy)
then (Sau )
3. Nhung du hiu ch s so snh

by the same token (bng nhung bng chung tng t nh th)
in like manner (theo cch tng t)
in the same way (theo cch ging nh th)
in similar fashion (theo cch tng t th)
likewise, similarly (tng t th)
4. Nhung du hiu ch s i lp

but, yet (nhng)
however, nevertheless (tuy nhin)
in contrast, on the contrary (Di lp vi)
instead (Thay v)
on the other hand (Mt khc)
still (vn)
5. Nhung t du hiu ch kt lun hoc tng kt.

and so (v v th)
after all (sau tt c)
at last, finally (cui cng)
in brief (ni chung)
in closing (tm li l)
in conclusion (kt lun li th)
on the whole (ni chung)
to conclude ( kt lun)
to summarize (Tm li)
6. T du hiu ch v d

as an example
for example
for instance
specifically
thus
to illustrate
7. Nhung t du hiu ch s khng nh
in fact (thc t l)
indeed (Tht s l)
no (khng)
yes (c)
especially (c bit l)
8. Nhung t du hiu ch a im

above (pha trn)
alongside (dc)
beneath (ngay pha di)
beyond (pha ngoi)
22

farther along (xa hn dc theo)
in back (pha sau)
in front (pha trc)
nearby (gn)
on top of (trn nh cua)
to the left (v pha bn tri)
to the right (v pha bn phi)
under (pha di)
upon (pha trn)
9. Nhung t du hiu ch s nhc li

in other words (ni cch khc)
in short (ni ngn gn li th)
in simpler terms (ni theo mt cch n gin hn)
that is ( l)
to put it differently (ni khc i th)
to repeat ( nhc li)
10. Nhung t ch du hiu thi gian

afterward (v sau)
at the same time (cng thi im)
currently (hin ti)
earlier (sm hn)
formerly (trc )
immediately (ngay lp tuc)
in the future (trong tng lai)
in the meantime (trong khi ch oi)
in the past (trong qu khu)
later (mun hn)
meanwhile (trong khi )
previously (trc )
simultaneously (ng thi)
subsequently (sau )
then (sau )
until now (cho n by gi)
1. You are too much : Bn rc ri qu.

2. With pleasure: Sn sng hn hnh

3. Break a leg! = Good luck !: Chc may mn!

4. Watch your tongue! and Watch your mounth.
Ni phi giu mm ming chu.

5. Same to you: Bn cng vy thi

6. Speak of the devil : Thing th mi nhc ti thy n...

7. Over my dead body: Bc qua xc ti.

23

8. Never in my life: Th c i ti.

9. Remeber me to someone: Cho ti gi li hoi thm....

10. Right away : Ngay tuc khc
MEO DON NGHA TU LA

Rt huu ch cho bi c hiu trong ky thi cc mems nh

1. Xc nh xem l danh t hay ng t.
Nu l danh t ring, bo qua v c tip. Nu l tnh t (adj) hay trng t (adv) on xem muc , ngha tch
cc hay tiu cc i vi t chnh nh th no, ri bo qua. Nu l ng t chnh, chc phi tm ra ngha cua
chng.

2. Phn tch t l.
T ting Anh c cu trc lp ghp t nhiu thnh t, c preffix (tin t) v suffix (hu t). Hai thnh t ny c
th gip ta xc nh oc ngha cu a t. V d, t review c preffix l re v t chnh l view. Chng ta
bit re c ngha l lm li, lp li; view c ngha l xem; v th, review c ngha l xem li". Dy l 1
v d n gin, cc bn c th p dng cch ny rt hiu qu cho nhung t n gin.

3. Nu sau khi phn tch vn khng th on oc ngha, hy c li c cu, tm nhung goi xung quanh t
hiu ngha cua t.
V d bn khng bit t deserve trong cu First deserve, then desire; nhng bn thy first v then c
ngha nguyn nhn, kt qu"; do , deserve s l nguyn nhn dn n desire. Desire l mun oc
g , vy 90% deserve c ngha l bn phi xung ng".

4. Hoi mt ai .
Thc s khi trao i vi 1 ngi khc, bn s d dng ghi nh v mt t thi gian hn cho bi c. Khi c cu
tr li, hy ghi nhanh ra giy sau khi c xong, xem li v hc thm t mi nh. Nhng hy kin nhn trc
khi tm 1 ai hoi, v nghin cuu cho thy khi bn on, 90% l bn on chnh xc.

5. Dn bc cui cng hy tra t in.
Khi tra t in, hy c gng ng dng kim t in. Kim t in c th nhanh nhng chng gip ch oc g
nhiu u. Hy nh, nu chn lt t in, bn phi chc chn rng mnh s nhanh chng tro li bi c chu
khng tm tr i lng vng nh!
1, Be of my age: C tui ti

2, Big mouth: Nhiu chuyn

3, By the way: ny

4, Be my guest: T nhin

5, Break it up: Dng tay

6, Come on: Thi m gng ln, c ln

7, Cool it: Dng nng

8, Come off it: Dng xo
24


9, Cut it out: Dng gin nua, ngng li

10, Dead end: Dng cng

11, Dead meat: Cht chc

12, What for?: D lm g?

13, Don't bother: Dng bn tm

14, Do you mind: Lm phin

15, Don't be nosy: Dng nhiu chuyn

16, Take it easy: T t

17, Let me be: K ti

18, No hard feeling: Khng gin chu

19, Piece of cake: D thi m, d ot

20, Poor thing: Tht ti nghip

21, One way or another: Khng bng cch ny th bng cch khc

22. One thing lead to another: Ht chuyn ny n chuyn khc

23, So what?: Vy th sao?

24, So so: Thng thi

25, Too good to be true: Thit kh

26, Too bad: Rng chi

27, Well then: Vy th

28, Way to go: Kh lm, oc lm

29, Why not ?: Sao li khng?
LUYN GIAO TIP TING ANH

1. What a fool ! D ngc !

2. What is it now? Gi th ci g nua y?

3. What a pity! Tht tic qu!

25

4. What's up ? C chuyn g vy?

5. What's a beautiful day! Mt ngy ep tri lm sao!

6. What a dope! Tht l nc ci!

7. What a relief ! Tht nhe nhm; nhe c ngi.

8. What a blessing ! Tht may qu!

9. What a shame! Tht l xu h qu!

10. That's fun! Tht l vui!
(TU VNG): Cc loi bnh

1. rash /r/ - pht ban
2. fever /fi.ve/ - st cao
3. insect bite /n.sekt bat/ - cn trng t
4. chill /tl/ - cm lnh
5. black eye /blk a/ - thm mt
6. headache /hed.ek/ - au u
7. stomach ache /stmek-ek/ - au d dy
8. backache /bk.ek/ - au lng
9. toothache /tu0.ek/ - au rng
10. high blood pressure /ha bld pre.e/ - cao huyt p
11. cold /keld/ - cm lnh
12. sore throat /s 0ret/ - vim hng
13. sprain /spren/ - s bong gn
14. infection /nfek.en/ - nhim trng
15. broken bone /bre.ken ben/ - gy xng
16. cut /kt/ - b ct
17. bruise /bruz/ - vt thm
18. burn /bn/ - b bong
19. stretch bandage /stret bn.dd/ bng cun di
20. tongue depressor /t dprese/ - ci li
TOEIC CAN THAN VI CC BY TRONG PART 3

Part 3 l phn kh nht trong phn Nghe Hiu (L/C) v Part 3 i hoi th sinh phi thc s nghe tt.Nu trong
Part 1 v 2 th sinh phn no c th da vo cc thu thut tm ra cc p n ng th Part 3 hon ton da
vo ni dung m th sinh tht s hiu t bi i thoi.Trn thc t, cu hoi cua Part 3 c rt nhiu "By",nhm
kim tra kh nng nghe tht s cua th sinh. Cc cu tr li cho sn thng c nhung t hay cm t ging nh
trong bi nghe, Hoc c nhung tng t nhng khng hon ton chnh xc,vv..Part 3 cng l phn c nhiu
thay i nht trong phin bn TOEIC mi. Mi bi i thoi oc tng ln thnh 4 lot ni (M - W - M - W)
v c 3 cu hoi.

I. Th loi cu hoi trong Part 3
Cu hoi cua Part 3 c th phn bit o nhiu gc khc nhau. Tuy nhin, vic phnbit cc cu hoi theo hai
hng sau y l hop l nht.

26

1.Phn bit ni dung
- Cu hoi suy lun (inference): Cc cch din t li ni dung bng cch khc (paraphrasing) oc dng trong
p n
- Cu hoi ni dung trong bi: Cc cch din t trong bi nghe oc dng trong p n

2. Phn bit cu hoi
- Trng hop chu ngu oc ni r trong cu hoi
V D: What does the man[woman, they] mean?-
Trng hop chu ngu oc ni r trong cu hoi nhng l nhn vt thu ba oc cp n trong bi i thoi
V D: How will Mary go to the airport ?
V D: What is the problem?

II. Dc trng cua Part 3
- Tc ni nhanh dn.
- D di cua on i thoi l 4 lot ni.
- C nhiu by nht trong 4 phn cua L/C.
- Ngy cng c nhiu cu hoi yu cu th sinh phi hiu mch din t v ton b bii thoi; ch hiu nhung
t hoc cm t ring le l khng u.
- Dp n sai cng c nhung t hoc cm t th sinh nghe trong bi i thoi.

III. H thng cc cch chinh phc nhanh Part 3

H thng 1 Nn c cu hoi trc khi nghe
- Bn nn c trc cu hoi v cc cu tr li cho sn. Mi bi i thoi c 3 cu hoi v mi cu hoi c 4 la
chn. Vic c trc s gip bn nh hng rt tt khi nghe. Tuy nhin, nu khng u thi gian c tt c
th t nht bn nn c phn cu hoi.
- Bn nn tn dng thi gian kim tra li Part 2 v thi gian c phn hng dn (directions) xem 'trc cu
hoi.
- Hai cu hoi oc c cch nhau 8 giy. Trong 8 giy ny, bn phi chn cu tr li. Nu vn cn thi gian
sau khi chn xong, bn nn xem trc cu hoi tip theo.
- Tht ra, k nng c hiu cng rt quan trng trong Part 3. Nu bn c v hiu cu hoi nhanh chng th bn
s nghe tt hn.
- Bn nn xem xt tht k cu hoi. Khng c phn no trong cu hoi l khng quan trng.
- Bn nn c bit ch n i tong oc hoi: l nam hay nu, l mt trong hai ngi ni hay l nhn vt thu
ba. Khi ch phn ny, bn s nghe c trng tm hn.

H thng 2: Nu c th, nn c cc p n cho sn trc khi nghe
Bn nn c cc p n cho sn, u tin cho cc p n di, nu c 4 p n u di th u tin cho cc cu (C)
v (D) v xc sut (C) hoc (D) oc chn lm p n ng cao hn (A) v (B).

H thng 3: Nn va nghe va gii quyt cu hoi
Khi lm Part 3, bn nn theo trnh t sau:
(1) Dc trc cu hoi
(2) Nghe on i thoi
(3) Dnh u chn cu tr li ng nht vo phiu bi lm
(4) Dc trc cu hoi cua on tip theo. Nu bn ch n khi nghe xong mi thu mi chn cu tr li th bn
s khng c thi gian xem cc cu hoi tip theo.

H thng 4: Nm r thu t cu hoi
Cc cu hoi thng oc t theo thu t ni dung cua bi i thoi.Tuy nhin, cng c trng hop khng phi
27

nh vy

H thng 5 : Nghe k phn ni dung sau cc t/cm t ni
Phn ni dung trng tm thng oc t lm cu hoi l phn theo sau nhung t hay cm t ni nh:but,
however, actually, in fact, as a matter of fact, in that case, so, then, well, v.v.

H thng 6: Khng nn mi suy ngh v cc cu hoi qua Bn nn bo tm l mi suy ngh v nhung cu hoi
mnh khng lm oc tt lm trong nhung bi i thoi qua. Nhung cu hoi hin ti phi oc xem l
quan trng nht boi v d bn c lo lng n muc no i nua, bn cng khng th nghe.
ANIMAL - DONG VAT

Cow : con b
Buffalo : con tru
Goat : con d
Dog : con ch
Cat : con mo
Horse : con nga
Pig : con lon
Ox : con b c
Camel : con lc
Donkey : con la
Deer : con nai
Lion : con s t
Tiger : con h
Elephant : con voi
Bear : con gu
Hippo : h m
Kangaroo : cng-cu-ru
Rhino : t gic
Fox : con co
Duck :con vt
Penguin : chim cch ct
Wolf : ch si
Monkey : con kh
Cheetah : con bo
Giraffe : con hu cao c
Zebra : con nga vn
Bee : con ong
Dophin : c heo
Frog : con ch
Rooster : g trng
WILL OR GOING TO?
--------------

* Khi chng ta ni v cc s vic hay s vt mang tnh cht tng lai hoc nhung vic chng ta tin rng s xy
ra trong tng lai, chng ta s dng 'will'.

- The President will serve for four years. (V tng thng s ti v trong 4 nm.)

- The boss won't be very happy.(ng chu s khng hi lng u.)
28


- I'm sure you'll like her. (Ti tin anh s thch c y.)

- I'm certain he'll do a good job. (Ti chc chn anh ta s lm tt.)

* Nu chng ta khng chc chn v tng lai, chng ta dng 'will' cng vi cc cm t nh 'probably',
'possibly', 'I think', 'I hope'.

- I hope you'll visit me in my home one day. (Ti hy vng mt ngy no anh s gh thm nh ti.)

- She'll probably be a great success. (C th c y s rt thnh cng.)

- I'll possibly come but I may not get back in time. (Ti s n nhung ti s khng tro li ng gi.)

- I think we'll get on well. (Ti ngh chng ta s ha hop vi nhau.)

* Nu chng ta d bo v tng lai da trn cc du hiu o hin ti, chng ta dng 'going to'.

- Not a cloud in the sky. It's going to be another warm day.(Bu tri khng mt m my. Hm nay li l mt
ngy nng m.)

- Look at the queue. We're not going to get in for hours. (Nhn dng ngi ang xp hng kia. Chng ta s
khng th vo bn trong trong vng vi gi u.)

- The traffic is terrible. We're going to miss our flight. (Giao thng tht t. Chng ta s nh chuyn bay mt
thi.)

- Be careful! You're going to spill your coffee. (Coi chng! Anh sp lm c ph cua anh ka.)

* O thi im ra quyt nh, chng ta s dng 'will'. Mt khi chng ta ra quyt nh, chng ta s dng 'going
to' ni v quyt nh .

- I'll call Jenny to let her know. Sarah, I need Jenny's number. I'm going to call her about the meeting.(Ti s
gi Jeeny bo cho c y. Sarah, ti cn s in thoi cua Jenny. Ti s gi bo cho c y v cuc hp.)

- I'll come and have a drink with you but I must let Harry know. Harry, I'm going to have a drink with Simon.
(Ti s n v ung vi ly vi anh nhng ti phi bo cho Harry bit. Harry, ti s i ung vi ly vi Simon.)
Tm hiu v TRANG TU MIU TA HNH VI
-----------------------------

Cc bn hy xem cc v d sau:

- He swims fast. How does he swim? fast.
(Anh ta bi nhanh. Anh ta bi nh th no?- nhanh)

- She sings beautifully. How does she sing? beautifully.
(C ta ht hay. C ta ht nh th no? - hay.)

- She quickly finished her dinner. How did she finish? quickly.
(C ta n ti mt cch nhanh chng. C ta n nh th no? - nhanh chng.)
29


Nhung trng t v tnh cch thng oc t sau ng t chnh.

- He swims fast.
- She sings beautifully.

Cng c th t trng t trc ng t. Diu ny t s nhn mnh vo trng t.

- She calmly announced that she had fallen in love with someone else. (C ta bnh thn thng bo rng c ta
yu mt ngi khc.)
- She quickly finished her dinner. (C ta nhanh chng n ti.)

Nhng mt s trng t lun oc t sau ng t. Nhung trng t ny l: well, badly, hard, fast.

- The team well played. WRONG
- The team played well. RIGHT

Nhung trng t v hnh vi - ng t vi v ngu
Nu ng t c mt v ngu, trng t v hnh vi thng oc t sau v ngu, khng phi giua ng t v v
ngu

-I opened wide the door. WRONG I opened the door wide. RIGHT

- He ate the chocolate cake greedily. She typed the email hurriedly. (Anh ta n bnh s c la mt cch tham
lam. C ta nh th in t mt cch vi v.)

Tuy nhin, vn c th t trng t trc ng t, nhn mnh tnh t.

- He greedily ate the chocolate cake. She hurriedly typed the email.

Trng t v hnh vi - v tr o u cu

Mt s ngi vit t trn t v hnh vi o v tr u cua cu, nhm to s ch cua ngi c v lm cho h
t m:

- Slowly, carefully, she opened the box. (Chm chp, cn thn, c ta mo chic hp.)

==>Vic s dng v tr trng t ny lm cho ngi c mong mun tm hiu thm. Ci g trong chic hp? Ti
sao c ta mo n chm chp v cn thn?

Trng t v hnh vi - c hn mt ng t

Khi c hn mt ng t trong mt mnh , v tr cua trng t l rt quan trng. Nu n oc t vi ng t,
n b ngha cho hnh ng oc miu t bng ng t. Nu n oc t vo cui mnh , n m t hnh vi
cua c hnh ng oc m t trong mnh .

So snh:
1. She slowly decided to leave the party. = slowly modifies decided. (C ta chm chp quyt nh ri bui tic
= slowly b ngha decided.)
30


- She decided to leave the party slowly. = slowly modifies leave the party. (C ta quyt nh ri bui tic mt
cch chm chp = slowly b ngha leave the party.)

2. The teacher quietly asked the children to finish their game. =quietly modifies asked. (Gio vin lng l yu
cu tre em hon tt tr chi = quietly b ngha asked.)

- The teacher asked the children to finish their game quietly. =quietly modifies finish (their game). (Gio vin
yu cu tre em hon tt tr chi mt cch lng l. = quietly b ngha finish their game.)

Nhung t b ngha trng t a bit, quite, most, fairly, very, extremely

Bn c th cung cp thm thng tin v hu ht cc trng t v hnh vi bng cch s dng mt t nh
a bit = mt t
quite = kh
most = hu nh
fairly = r rng
really = tht
very = rt
extremely = cc

Nhung t ny lun oc t trc trng t.

- Very carefully, she carried the baby upstairs.
Rt cn thn, c ta bng em b ln cu thang.

- She carried the baby upstairs very carefully.
C ta bng em b ln cu thang mt cch rt cn thn.

- She very carefully carried the baby upstairs.
C ta rt cn thn b em b ln cu thang.

- He finished his homework really quickly.
Anh ta hon tt bi tp v nh tht nhanh chng.

Nhung trng t v hnh vi thng dng

angrily badly beautifully calmingly
carefully cautiously cleverly dangerously
eagerly excitedly foolishly fast
furiously greedily happily hard
hurriedly kindly nervously politely
quickly quietly secretly silently
slowly softly stupidly unhappily
well wickedly willingly wisely
T vng chu GIAO THNG
--------------------

1. road: ng
31

2. traffic: giao thng
3. vehicle: phng tin
4. roadside: l ng
5. car hire: thu xe
6. ring road: ng vnh ai
7. petrol station: trm bm xng
8. kerb: mp va h
9. road sign: bin ch ng
10. pedestrian crossing: vch sang ng
11. turning: ch r, ng r
12. fork: ng ba
13. toll: l ph qua ng hay qua cu
14. toll road: ng c thu l ph
15. motorway: xa l
16. hard shoulder: vt t cnh xa l dng xe
17. dual carriageway: xa l hai chiu
18. one-way street: ng mt chiu
19. T-junction: ng ba
20. roundabout: bng binh
21. accident: tai nn
22. breathalyser: dng c kim tra cn trong hi tho
23. traffic warden: nhn vin kim sot vic xe
24. parking meter: my tnh tin xe
25. car park: bi xe
26. parking space: ch xe
27. multi-storey car park: bi xe nhiu tng
28. parking ticket: v xe
29. driving licence: bng li xe
30. reverse gear: s li
31. learner driver: ngi tp li
32. passenger: hnh khch
33. to stall: lm cht my
34. tyre pressure: p sut lp
35. traffic light: n giao thng
36. speed limit: gii hn tc
37. speeding fine: pht tc
38. level crossing: on ng ray giao ng ci
39. jump leads: dy sc in
40. oil: du
CCH SU DUNG WOULD RATHER V WOULD PREFER
--------------------------
"Would rather" and "would prefer": c ngha l thch .. hn ()

I. Khi ta dng would rather th ng t theo sau phi l ng t nguyn mu khng to (bare infinitive):

1. Affirmative (Th khng nh):
S + would rather + V(bare inf) + O.
Ex:
I would rather study English.
Id rather go to church than play football.
32


2. Negative (Th phu nh):
S + would rather + not + V(bare inf) + O.
Ex:
He would rather not study English.
Shed rather not play video games than dance.

3. Interrogative (Th nghi vn):
Would + S + rather + V(bare inf) + O?
Ex:
Would you rather study German or Chinese?
Would you take auto repair or carpentry?

II. Khi ta dng would prefer ta chia ra hai tnh hung. Tnh hung thu nht nu trong cu ch c mt s kin hoc
mt hnh ng th ng t chnh theo sau would prefer phi l ng t nguyn mu c to. Tnh hung thu hai
nu trong cu c hai s kin hoc hai hnh ng th ng t chnh theo sau would prefer phi l V-ing (gerund).

1. Affirmative:
S + would prefer + to + V(bare inf) + O.
Ex:
I would prefer to study English.
Hed prefer to play internet game.
S + would prefer + V-ing + O + to + V-ing + O.
Ex:
She would prefer learning English to watching TV.
Id prefer playing football to (playing) volleyball.

2. Negative:
S + would prefer + not + to + V(bare inf) + O.
Ex:
I would prefer not to go out without aim.
Hed prefer not to spend a lot of money.
S + would prefer + not + V-ing + O + to + V-ing + O.
Ex:
She would prefer not cooking dinner to watching TV.
Id prefer not reading story book to (reading) English newspaper.

3. Interrogative:
- Would (Do/Does) + S + prefer + to + V(bare inf) + O + or + O?
Ex:
Would you prefer to take a video or a photography class?
Do you prefer to study in the day or at night?
- Would (Do/ Does) + S + prefer + V-ing + O + to + V-ing + O?
Ex:
Would you prefer playing chess to watching TV?
B QUYT GHI NH TRAT T TNH TU TRONG CU
-----------------------------

NGUYN TAC SU DUNG TNH TU TRONG TING ANH
33


Trt t tnh t trong ting Anh c nhung quy tc ring khin cho ngi hc gp kh khn khi s dng c bit
khi c nhiu tnh t lin nhau.

Chng ta ni "a fat old lady", nhng li khng th ni "an old fat lady", "a small shiny black leather handbag"
chu khng ni l "a leather black shiny small handbag". Vy cc trt t ny oc quy nh nh th no?

1. Tnh t v mu sc (color), ngun gc (origin), cht liu (material) v mc ch (purpose) thng theo thu t
sau:
Mu sc (color) + Ngun gc (origin) + Cht liu (material) + Mc ch (purpose) + Danh t (noun)

2. Cc tnh t khc v d nh tnh t ch kch c (size), chiu di (length) v chiu cao (height) thng t trc
cc tnh t ch mu sc, ngun gc, cht liu v mc ch .
V d: a round glass table (NOT a glass round table) (Mt chic bn trn bng knh).

3. Nhung tnh t din t s ph phn (judgements) hay thi (attitudes) v d nh: lovely, perfect, wonderful,
sillyt trc cc tnh t khc.
V d: a lovely small black cat. (Mt ch mo en, nho, ng yu).

==> CCH NH DON GIAN

Nhng thuc cc qui tc trn th tht khng d dng. Thay v nh mt lot cc qui tc, cc bn ch cn nh cm
vit tt: OpSACOMP, trong :

Opinion - tnh t ch quan im, s nh gi. (beautiful, wonderful, terrible)
Size - tnh t ch kch c. (big, small, long, short, tall)
Age - tnh t ch tui. (old, young, old, new)
Color - tnh t ch mu sc. (orange, yellow, light blue)
Origin tnh t ch ngun gc, xut xu. (Japanese, American, Vietnamese)
Material tnh t ch cht liu. (stone, plastic, leather, steel, silk)
Purpose tnh t ch mc ch, tc dng.

V d: Sp xp cc t sau thnh 1 cm t ng
Japanese/ a/ car/ new/ red / big/ luxurious/
Bn s sp xp trt t cc tnh t ny nh th no?
- Tnh ch mu sc (Color): red
- Tnh t ch tui (Age): new
- Tnh t ch quan im, nh gi (Opinion): luxurious
- Tnh t ch ngun gc, xut xu (Origin): Japanese
- Tnh t ch kch c (Size) cua xe t: big
Theo cch vit OpSACOMP, chng ta s d dng vit li trt t cua cu ny nh sau: a luxurious big new red
Japanese car.
Phn bit "ON THE CONTRARY" v "ON THE OTHER HAND"
----------------------

On the contrary l mt thnh ngu oc t u cu nhn mnh s tri ngoc v mt ngha cua cu vi
cu ng trc. Thnh ngu ny thng oc th dng khi a ra mt kin tri ngoc vi kin oc a ra
hoc gii thiu mt thng tin mi.

34

We thought you didn't like opera. On the contrary, I love it. (Chng ti ngh cu khng thch opera.
Ngoc li, t thch y chu!).
The film must have been terrible. On the contrary, I enjoyed every minute. (B phim chc hn rt do.
Tri li, t thy n v cng hp dn).
The evidence of history, on the contrary, shows that these ancient people had a very advanced culture. (Tri li,
nhung bng chung cua lch s cho thy nhung ngi c i ny c mt nn vn minh vot bc).

On the other hand oc dng cng vi cm t on the one hand gii thiu, th hin cc quan im, kin
khc nhau v cng mt vn , c bit l khi nhung quan im, kin ny tri ngoc nhau. Hai cm t ny cn
oc dng th hin cc kha cnh khc nhau cua vn .

On the one hand, this car is expensive; on the other hand, it's available and we need it right now. (Mt mt th
chic t ny rt t o nhng mt khc, ch c sn chic t ny v chng ta li cn n n ngay by gi).
On the one hand theyd love to have kids, but on the other hand, they dont want to give up their freedom. (Mt
mt h rt mun c con nhng mt khc, h li khng mun mt t do).
On the one hand, I'd like more money, but on the other hand, I'm not prepared to work the extra hours in order to
get it. (Mt mt ti mun c thm tin nhng mt khc ti li khng mun lm thm gi kim thm).
On the one hand, you say you're lonely and bored, but on the other hand, you never go out anywhere! (Mt mt
cu lun ku mnh c n v bun chn nhng mt khc cu chng bao gi chu ra ngoi c!)
Cch dng mo t "A", "An", "The"
----------------------------------
1. Cch dng mo t khng xc nh a v an
Dng a hoc an trc mt danh t s t m oc. Chng c ngha l mt. Chng oc dng trong cu c tnh
khi qut hoc cp n mt chu th cha oc cp t trc.

V d:
A ball is round. (ngha chung, khi qut, ch tt c cc qu bng)
I saw a boy in the street. (chng ta khng bit cu b no, cha oc cp trc )

1.1. Dng an trc:
Qun t an oc dng trc cc t bt u bng nguyn m (trong cch pht m, chu khng phi trong cch
vit). Bao gm:

Cc t bt u bng cc nguyn m a, e, i, o: an aircraft, an empty glass, an object
Mt s t bt u bng u: an uncle, an umbrella
Mt s t bt u bng h cm: an heir, half an hour
Cc t mo u bng mt chu vit tt: an S.O.S/ an M.P

1.2. Dng a trc:
Dng a trc cc t bt u bng mt ph m. Chng bao gm cc chu ci cn li v mt s trng hop bt u
bng u, y, h.

V d: A house, a university, a home party, a heavy load, a uniform, a union, a year income,

Dung trc mt danh t mo u bng uni v eu phi dng a (a university/ a uniform/ universal/ union)
(Europe, eulogy (li ca ngoi), euphemism (li ni tri), eucalyptus (cy khuynh dip)
Dng trong cc thnh ngu ch s long nht nh nh: a lot of/a great deal of/a couple/a dozen.
Dng trc nhung s m nht nh thng l hng ngn, hng trm nh : a/one hundred a/one thousand.
Dng trc half (mt na) khi n theo sau mt n v nguyn ven: a kilo hay a half, hay khi n i ghp vi mt
35

danh t khc ch na phn (khi vit c du gch ni): a half share, a half holiday (ngy l ch ngh na
ngy).
Dng vi cc n v phn s nh : 1/3( a/one third), 1/5 (a /one fifth).
Dng trong cc thnh ngu ch gi c, tc , t l: a dollar, a kilometer, an hour, 4 times a day.

2. Cch dng mo t xc nh "THE"

- Dng the trc mt danh t oc xc nh c th v mt tnh cht, c im, v tr hoc oc cp n
trc , hoc nhung khi nim ph thng, ai cng bit.

V d:
The boy in the corner is my friend. (C ngi ni v ngi nghe u bit l cu b no)
The earth is round. (Ch c mt tri t, ai cng bit)

- Vi danh t khng m oc, dng the nu ni n mt vt c th, khng dng the nu ni chung.
V d:
Sugar is sweet. (Ch cc loi ng ni chung)
The sugar on the table is from Cuba. (C th l ng o trn bn)

- Vi danh t m oc s nhiu, khi chng c ngha i din chung cho mt lp cc vt cng loi th cng khng
dng the.
V d:
Orangesare green until they ripen. (Cam ni chung)
Athletes should follow a well-balanced diet. (Vn ng vin ni chung)

CH : Mt s trng hop thng dng dng The theo quy tc trn:

- The + danh t + gii t + danh t: The girl in blue, the Gulf of Mexico

- Dng trc nhung tnh t so snh bc nht hoc only: The only way, the best day

- Dng cho nhung khong thi gian xc nh (thp nin): In the 1990s

- The + danh t + i t quan h + mnh ph: The man to whom you have just spoken is the chairman.

- The + danh t s t tong trng cho mt nhm th vt hoc vt: The whale = whales (loi c voi), the deep-
freeze (thuc n ng lnh)

- Di vi man khi mang ngha "loi ngi" tuyt i khng oc dng the: Since man lived on the earth... (k t
khi loi ngi sinh sng trn tri t ny)

- Dng trc mt danh t s t ch mt nhm, mt hng ngi nht nh trong x hi: The small shopkeeper
(gii chu tim nho), The top offcial (gii quan chuc cao cp)

- The + adj: Tong trng cho mt nhm ngi, chng khng bao gi oc php o s nhiu nhng oc xem l cc
danh t s nhiu. Do vy ng t v i t i cng vi chng phi o ngi thu 3 s nhiu: The old = The old people;

V d: The old are often very hard in their moving
- The + tn gi cc i hop xng/ dn nhc c in/ ban nhc ph thng: The Back Choir/ The Philharmonique
Philadelphia Orchestra/ The Beatles
36

- The + tn gi cc t bo (khng tp ch)/ tu bin/ cc khinh kh cu: The Times/ The Titanic/ The Hindenberg
- The + h cua mt gia nh o s nhiu = gia nh nh: The Smiths = Mr/ Mrs Smith and children

- Thng thng khng dng the trc tn ring tr trng hop c nhiu ngi hoc vt cng tn v ngi ni
mun m ch mt ngi c th trong s :

V d: There are three Sunsan Parkers in the telephone directory. The Sunsan Parker that I know lives on the First
Avenue.

- Tng t, khng dng "the" trc bua n: breakfast, lunch, dinner:

V d: We ate breakfast at 8 am this morning.

==> Tr khi mun m ch mt bua n c th:
V d: The dinner that you invited me last week were delecious.

- Khng dng "the" trc mt s danh t nh home, bed, church, court, jail, prison, hospital, school, class, college,
university, v.v... khi n i vi cc ng t v gii t ch chuyn ng ch i n l mc ch chnh hoc ra khoi
cng v mc ch chnh:

V d: Students go to school everyday.
The patient was released from hospital.

- Nhng nu n hoc ra khoi khng v mc ch chnh th dng "the".
V d: Students go to the school for a class party.
The doctor left the hospital for lunch.
** Cc cm t hay trong ting Anh **
------------------------
o catch sight of: bt gp
o feel pity for: thng xt
o feel sympathy for: thng cm
o feel regret for: hi hn
o feel contempt for: xem thng
o feel shame at: xu h
o give way to: nhong b
o give birth to: sinh con
o have a look at: nhn
o keep up with: theo kp
o link up with: lin kt vi
o make allowance for: chiu c
o make complaint about: than phin
o make fun of: ch nho
o make room for: dn ch
o make use of: s dng
o pay attention to: ch n
o put an end to: kt thc
o take care of: chm sc
o take notice of: lu
o take advantage of: tn dng
o take leave of: t bit
37

o stand apart! (trnh mt bn!)
o watch out! (cn thn)
o cheer up! (c ln)
o bravo! (hoan h)
o play tricks! (chi an gian)
o how dare you! (sao mi dm!)
o have my appology! (ti xin li!)
o don't be legless! (ng c m say ty ly nh!)
o what a relief! ( qu!!!)
o this time is my treat (ln ny ti bao/i)
o hell with haggling (thy k i!)
o bored to death (chn cht)
o feel sympathy for: thng cm
o feel regret for: hi hn
o feel contempt for: xem thng
o feel shame at: xu h
Word commonly mispronounced - m cm trong ting Anh

Trong ting Anh lun c nguyn tc s dng mo t a,an trc cc danh t. V a thng ung trc cc
danh t bt u bng ph m, "an ung trc cc danh t bt u bng nguyn m. Nhng ti sao c nhung
trng hop an hour chu khng phi la hour? D l m cm v cng l hin tong ph bin trong ting Anh.

Hin tong ny gy cho nhung ngi hc Ting Anh nhiu kh khn trong vic pht m chun cc t chua
m cm cng nh trong vic s dng ng mo t a, an, the. V sau y l nhung trng hop m cm ph bin
trong ting Anh :

- m B cm: m B l mt m cm khi n ung cui t v ung trc n l m M.
V d: climb [klaim] crumb [krm] dumb [dm] comb [koum]

- m C cm: m C l mt m cm trong cm "scle" o cui t.
V d: muscle ['msl]

- m D cm: m D l mt m cm khi n ung lin vi m N.
V d: handkerchief ['hqket}if] sandwich ['snwid] Wednesday ['wenzdi]

- m E cm: m E l mt m cm khi ung cui t v thng ko di nguyn m ung trc .
V d: hope [houp] drive [draiv] write [rait] site [sait]

- m G cm: m G l mt m cm khi ung trc m N.
V d: champagne [}m'pein] foreign ['frin] sign [sain] feign [fein]

- m GH cm: m GH l mt m cm khi ung trc m T hoc ung cui t.
V d: thought [0:t] through [0u:] daughter ['d:te] light [lait] might [mait] right [rait] fight [fait]
weigh [wei]

- m H cm: m H l mt m cm khi ung sau m W.
V d: what [wt] when [wen] where [wee] whether ['wee] why [wai]

- Mt s t bt u bng m H cm s oc dng vi mo t an.
38

V d: hour ['aue] honest ['nist] honor ['ne] heir [ee]
Nhung t cn li vn oc dng vi mo t a.
V d: hill [hil] history ['histri] height [hait] happy ['hpi]

- m K cm: m K l mt m cm khi ung trc m N o u cc t nh:
knife [naif] knee [ni:] know [nou] knock [nk] knowledge ['nlid]

- m L cm: m L l mt m cm khi ung trc cc m D, F, M, K.
V d: calm [ka:m] half [ha:f] salmon ['smen] talk [t:k] balk [t:k] would [wud] should [}ud]

- m N cm: m N l mt m cm nu ung o cui t v trc l mt m M.
V d: autumn [':tem] hymn [him]

- m P cm: m P l mt m cm khi ung trong cc tin t "psych" and "pneu".
V d: psychiatrist [sai'kaietrist] pneumonia [nju:'mounie] psychotherapy ['saikou'0erepi] pneuma ['nju:me]

- m S cm: m S l mt m cm khi ung trc m L nh trong cc t sau:
island ['ailend] isle [ail]

- m T cm: m T l mt m cm nu ung sau m S, F, hay ung trc m L.
V d: castle ['k:sl] Christmas ['krismes] fasten ['f:sn] listen ['lisn] often ['fn] whistle ['wisl]

- m U cm: m U l mt m cm nu ung sau m G v ung trc mt nguyn m.
V d: guess [ges] guidance ['gaidens] guitar [gi't:] guest [gest]

- m W cm: m W l m cm nu ung u tin cua mt t v lin sau l m R. V d:
wrap [rp] write [rait] wrong [rq]

- m W cn l m cm trong 3 i t hoi sau y:
who [hu:] whose [hu:z] whom [hu:m]
---
*COMPOUND NOUNS (Danh t kp)*
-----------------
Cch thnh lp

==> Danh t kp thng gm hai t kt hop vi nhau, trong t i trc oc dng b ngha cho t i sau.
T i sau oc xem l t chnh. Phn ln danh t kp oc to thnh boi:

Noun + Noun:
a tennis club (cu lc b qun vot)
a phone bill (ha n in thoi)
a train journey (chuyn i bng tu la)
a lawnmower (my ct co)

Verb(Danh ng t) + noun:
a swimming-pool (h bi)
a dining-room (phng n)
washing powder (bt git)
a sleeping bag (ti ngu)
39


Adj + Noun:
a green house (nh knh) a black sheep (ke h hong)
a blackboard (bng vit) quicksilver (thuy ngn)

Preposition + Noun: underworld(m phu)
Noun+ Verb: haircut(kiu tc), weight-lifting(c t)
Noun + Preposition: love-in(san se yu thng)
Adj + Verb: public speaking(din thuyt)

Preposition + Verb: input(du liu a vo)
- Mt s t danh t kp c th gm ba t hoc nhiu hn: merry-go-round (tr chi nga quay), forget-me-not (hoa
lu ly), mother-in-law (me vo)

* Trt t cua t trong danh t kp rt quan trng. Ch s khc nhau do v tr cua t chnh:

leather shoes (giy da) nhng shoe leather (da lm giy)
flower paper (giy hoa) nhng paper flower (hoa lm bng giy)

==> Ch cch vit danh t kp:

- Hai t ri: address book, taxi driver
- Hai t c gch ni o giua: waste-bin, living-room
- Mt t duy nht: blackboard, website

==> Ch trong cu to danh t + danh t, danh t i trc thng c hnh thuc s t hoc s nhiu ty trng
hop:

a vegetable garden (vn rau)
an eye test (kim tra mt)
a sports shop (ca hng bn th thao)
a goods train (tu cho hng)

Nhung li thng phm phi

- Dng sai v tr cua t chnh v t ph khin ngha b thay i:
Oil whale lamps were replaced by kerosene lamps in 1860.
[phi dng whale oil thay v oil whale ch du c voi]

- Vit sai chnh t v b nh hong boi mo t s t i trc:
a sale office, *an arm dealer, *a cloth brush, *a custom regulation
[phi vit a sales office, an arms dealer, a clothes brush, a customs regulation]

- Dng nhm t ny vi ngha kia:
John bought two milk bottles for his chilren every morning.
[phi ni: 'bottles of milk' (chai sua) thay cho 'milk bottles' (chai dng ng sua)]
This factory makes bottles of milk for dairy farms.
[phi ni: 'milk bottles' (chai dng ng sua) for thay cho 'bottles of milk']
Tng t vi: a wine glass/a glass of wine; a jam jar/a jar of jam; a tea pot/a pot of tea
40

PHN BIT "THOUGH" V "ANYWAY"
----------------------------------
Anyway l mt sentence adverb. Though va l adverb va c th dng lm lin t conjunction.

ANYWAY thng c v tr o cui mnh , c ngha nh inspite of that, despite that d sao i nua, du
vy.

Th d:

- Its just a cold, but you should see the doctor anyway=C th ch l cm, nhng d sao i nua anh cng nn i
khm bc s.

- Im sorry we cant come to your party, but thanks for the invitation anyway=Rt tic chng ti khng ti d tic,
nhng d sao cng cm n bn m.

- Anyway o cui cu cng dng khi thm vo cu ni, ngha nh besides (ngoi ra, hn nua). Its too expensive
and anyway the color doesnt suit you. t qu v hn nua mu khng hop vi bn.

- Trong vn ni, dng anyway o cui cu din t coi nhe iu mi ni. They didnt offer me the job, but I
really didnt want it anyway=H khng cho ti vic lm , nhng thc s ti cng khng mun vic .

-Nu ung u cu th anyway dng nh tro li u ni do. Anyway, what was I saying?=Tro li chuyn va
ni, lc ti ni g vi bn nh?

- C khi dng anyway vi ngha hi thay i hay gii hn iu va ni. Lets think about it for a while, for a few
days anyway=Chng ta hy mt thi gian suy ngh v chuyn y, t nht l vi ba bua.

-C khi dng anyway o u cu tm tt cu chuyn: Anyway, I guess Id better go now=Thi nh, ti ngh by
gi l lc ti nn v.
--------------------------------
THOUGH l mt adverb dng khi ni mt s kin ngc nhin sau khi ni mt iu (ngha nh however).

Th d:

- Im busy today. We could meet tomorrow, though=Hm nay ti bn. Nhng mai chng ta c th gp nhau.
Trng hop ny, though ngha nh BUT v c du comma o ng trc.

- Though khi l adverb c 2 v tr: hoc o giua mnh hoc o cui mnh (xem Roger Woodham gii thch bn
di).

THOUGH khi l lin t, dng gii thiu mt mnh m hi ngoc vi mnh trc, mnh tng
phn

- Though shes retired, shes still very active=Tuy v hu tr m b y cn hot ng lm.

Khi dng lm conjunction, though c th ung o u cu hay u mnh tng phn thu hai: Shes still very
active, though shes retired.

- THOUGH dng thay cho ALTHOUGH v tng ng vi BUT: I enjoyed the movie, though I thought it was
41

too long (thay though bng but cng oc) Ti thch cun phim, tuy nhin, theo ti phim hi di. I enjoyed the
movie. I thought I was too long, though.

- EVEN THOUGH ngha nh though nhng mnh hn: I havent lost any weight, even though I have been
exercising a lot=Ti cha gim k cht no, du rng ti vn tp nhiu. ( mnh thu hai ngoc li vi suy lun
thng thng v kt qu cua mnh thu nht).

- THOUGH dng trong mt li vit ring

Thay i v tr cua tnh t hay trng t bng cch mang ln u cu tip theo boi though v chu t cu vn
vit vn hoa hn

- Tired though she wasTuy b mt m

- Cold though it was... Tuy tri lnh m

- Much though I respect your point of view, I cant agree=Tuy ti rt tn trng lp trng cua bn, ti thy khng
th ng vi bn.

- Strange though it may seem, I dont like watching cricket=Tuy c ve l l, nhng ti khng thch xem u banh
cricket.

- Fond though I am of sports, Id rather not sit through another basketball game=Tuy ti thch xem u banh,
nhng ti khng thch ngi xem lin hai trn u bng r.

ANYWAY=ngoi ra, hn nua, d sao chng nua, cho d thc t, d sao, t nht.

THOUGH=mc d, d cho, du cho, tuy, tuy nhin.

Khi dng lm conjunction, although v though thay cho nhau oc, nhng though dng trong cu vn thn mt
(informal), cn although trong cu vn nghim chnh (formal):

- Although (hay Though) I dont like him, I agree that hes a good manager. Tuy ti khng a ng y nhng ti
phi nhn l ng l mt qun l gioi.

Khi ung o cui mnh , though c ngha nh however. Nh c du comma trc though.

Nice dayYes. Bit cold, though==>Tri epPhi, tri ep. Nhng hi lnh.

=> Although khng ung o cui cu nh though hay however: (Chng ta u gng ht suc mnh. Tuy nhin i
chng ta thua.)

- We all tried our best. We lost the game, though.
- We all tried our best. However, we lost the game.
- We all tried our best. We lost the game, however.

Nhn xt: Tuy trong ting Vit nhung cu bt u bng Du rnghay Tuy rngthng theo sau boi nhng,
hay m, hc vin vit ting Anh nh l khi dng Thoughth KHNG dng thm "BUT".
42

CCH DIN DAT S PHN NN "COMPLAINT" TRONG TING ANH
-------------------------------------------

Chng ta thng phn nn khi c mt vn g khng hi lng, hoc khng vui vi li dch v, sn phm
chng ta mua, hay s kin tham gia. Tuy nhin nu chng ta to ra gin d s khng gii quyt oc vn , ngoc
li nu ni mt cch lch s th c th ngi tip nhn s gip chng ta gii quyt n.

Di y l mt s cm t trong ting Anh c th oc dng khi phn nn iu g :

Im sorry to say this but
There seems to be a problem with
There appears to be something wrong with
I was expecting ______ but
Sorry to bother you but
I want to complain about
I have to make a complaint about
I hate to tell you but
Im angry about
Im not satisfied with
I dont understand why
Excuse me but there is a problem
Would you mind?
This is unfair. /I dont think this is fair.
This is ridiculous. / I think this is ridiculous.
This seems unreasonable/I think that sounds unreasonable.

Khi phn nn, chng ta nn ni r vn v a ra phng hng gii quyt c th.

VD:
1. There seems to be a problem with my cell phone bill. I was billed for two phone lines and I only have one.
Could you double check the charges on my account?
1. Sorry to bother you but I bought these pants yesterday and they have a hole in them. I would like to exchange
them for new ones.
2. I want to complain about Wendy, your customer service representative. She was very rude when I called this
afternoon. Maybe she needs more training on how to deal with customers.
3. Would you mind turning down your music? It is too loud and I cant concentrate on what I am doing.
4. There must be a misunderstanding, I thought the class was supposed to go until 6pm but everyone seems to be
leaving earlier. So, what time can we actually leave?
5. I have to complain about my workload. I think that it is unfair that all the cases are being sent to me and are not
being split up amongst the department.
6. I hate to tell you but the way you are talking to each other is not okay. You are going to either need to calm
down or leave the restaurant immediately.
7. I was expecting you to help me clean up but you arent. Can you please pause your video game and help me for
a few minutes?

Trong trng hop ngi chng ta ang phn nn khng th gip ta gii quyt oc vn , th chng ta c th
hoi xem ai c thm quyn gii quyt n.

Can I speak to your supervisor?
43

Can I speak to your manager?
Is there someone else I could speak to about this matter?
CCH SU DUNG DONG TU "MAKE" V "DO"
-------------------------
Make and Do l nhung ng t thng dng trong ting Anh, tuy nhin chng ta rt hay mc li khi s dng
cc ng t ny. Sau y l mt s im lu khi s dng hai ng t ny.

Dng make khi:
- Din t hnh ng to nn ci g c th m bn c th chm vo oc.
(e.g.: make a plan, make a ,)
- Din t cng vic ch bin thuc n
(e.g.: make a cake, make a pizza, make a drink)
- Din t hnh ng to ra cm xc
- (e.g.: make her happy, make the baby cry, make her sad )

Dng do khi:
- Din t cc hot ng hng ngy, ch rng nhung hot ng ny thng l khng to nn vt g c th, khng
sng to nn ci mi.
(e.g.: do laundry, do the dishes, do homework)
-Ni v nhung thu khng r rng
(e.g.: do anything, do nothing, do something)

==> Mt s t i cng make v do
Cch s dng cua "As" v "like"
----------------------
Bn bao gi gp phi kh khn khi phi chn giua as v like s dng trong mt cu? As v Like
(vi ngha l nh/ging nh) thng kh phn bit boi c 2 t ny u oc s dng so snh cc hnh ng
hoc tnh hung. Da vo u c th phn bit v s dng ng cch hai t ny?

1. As

* As dng ni v cng vic hoc chuc nng. V d:

- I worked as a shop assistant for 2 years when I was a student. => Ti lm vic nh mt nhn vin bn hng
oc 2 nm khi cn l sinh vin.

- He used his shoe as a hammer to hang the picture up. => Anh y dng chic giy nh mt ci ba ng inh
treo tranh.

* Cu trc as + adjective + as thng oc s dng trong cc cu so snh. V d:

- Hes not as tall as his brother. => Anh y khng cao nh anh trai

- She ran as fast as she could. => C y chy nhanh nht c th.

Trong cc cu so snh sau, as oc s dng nh mt t ni theo sau as l mt mnh gm chu ngu v ng
t.

V d:
44


- He went to Cambridge University, as his father had before him. => Anh y ti hc ti Trng Di Hc
Cambridge, nh cha anh y tng.

- Shes a talented writer, as most of her family are. => C y l mt nh vn ti nng, nh hu ht thnh vin trong
gia nh mnh.

2. Like

Trong cc cu so snh sau, like ng vai tr gii t v theo sau l mt danh t hoc i t. V d:

- Ive been working like a dog all afternoon. => Ti lm vic nh mt con ch sut c bui chiu.

- None of my brothers are much like me. => Cc anh trai ti chng ai trng ging ti c.

- She looks just like her mother. => C y nhn y chang me c y vy.

3. Like v As If/As Though

Like, as if v as though u c th dng so snh vi ngha nh l, nh kiu. V d:

- You look as if youve seen a ghost. => Nhn cu nh kiu cu va nhn thy ma y.

- You talk as though were never going to see each other again. => My ni cu nh bn mnh chng bao gi gp
nhau nua y.

- It looks like its going to rain. => Nhn tri nh kiu sp ma y.

4. Cch din t khc vi As

- As you know, classes restart on January 15th. => Nh anh bit y, lp s hc tro li vo ngy 15 thng 1.

- I tried using salt as you suggested but the stain still didnt come out. => Mnh th dng mui nh cu goi
nhng vn cha ty oc vt bn.

- As we agreed the company will be split 50/50 between us. => Nh thoa thun, cng ty s oc chia i 50/50
cho chng ta.

- Their house is the same as ours. => Nh cua h cng nh nh cua chng ta vy.
Phn Bit Cch S Dng Cua: Some/Many/Any/A Few/ A Little/ A Lot Of/ Lots Of

Some:
- Dng trong cu khng nh
- Dung trc danh t m oc s nhiu v danh t khng m oc
- Some cng oc dng trong cu hoi
VD: I have some friends

Any:
- Dng trong cu phu nh v cu hoi
45

- Dung trc danh t m oc s nhiu v danh t khng m oc
VD: There arent any books in the shelf

Many:
- Thng dng trong cu hoi v cu phu nh, cu khng nh oc dng t hn
- Di vi danh t m oc s nhiu
VD: Do you have many cars?

A lot of/ lots of:
- Doc dng trong cu khng inh v cu nghi vn
- Di vi danh t khng m oc v danh t m oc s nhiu
- Thng mang ngha informal
VD: We spent a lot of money

A few:
- Dng trong cu khng nh
- Dng vi danh t m oc s nhiu
VD: She enjoys her life here. She has a few friends and they meet quite often.
(C y thch cuc sng o y. C y c mt vi ngi bn v h gp nhau rt thng xuyn).
O y a few friends ni n s long ngi bn m c y c l mt vi ngi chu khng phi m ch c y c t
bn.

A little:
- Dng trong cu khng nh
- Di vi danh t khng m oc
VD: Have you got any money? - Yes, a little. Do you want to borrow some? (Bn c tin khng? C, mt t. Anh
c mun vay khng?) A little o y hm l c khng nhiu nhng u cho anh muon mt t.
Mt s cp gii t i km ng t c bn cn ghi nh (part 1)
---------------------
Absent oneself from (vng mt)
Accuse sb of (t co ai vic g)
Adapt oneself to (thch ung vi)
Ask sb for sth (yu cu/ hoi ai vic g)
Assist sb in sth (gip ai vic g)
Borrow sth from sb (mon ai ci g)
Bring sth to light (mang vic g ra nh sang)
Compare sth with sth (so snh ci g vi ci g)
Congratulate sb on sth (chc mng ai v chuyn g)
Charge sb with sth (buc ti ai vic g )
Deprive sb of sth ( tc ot ai ci g )
Excuse sb for (xin li ai v vic g)
Exchange sth for sth else ( i ci g ly ci g khc )
Fasten sbs eyes on sth/ sb ( dn mt vo ai/vic g )
Force sbs way through a crowd ( chen ln vo m ng )
Forget sb for sth (qun ai v vic g)
Impress an idea on sb ( nh hng n ngi no v mt tong )
Impress an idea on sb ( nh hng n ngi no v mt tong )
Impress sb with an idea (nh hng n ngi nov mt tong)
Inspire sb with hope ( lm ai hung khoi v hy vng)
46

Inspire hope into sb ( lm ai hung khoi v hy vng)
Introduce sb to sb else ( gii thiu ai vi ai khc )
Invite sb to dinner ( mi ai n ti)
Mt s cp gii t i km ng t c bn cn ghi nh (part 2)
------------------------
Join sth to sth ( ni ci g vi ci g )
Keep an eye on sb ( trng chng ai )
Present sth to sb : a cho ai ci g
Present oneself for examination : d thi
Present oneself for a trial : i hu ta
Put the money to a good use : dng tin mt cch khn ngoan
Put a question to sb : t cu hoi vi ai
Put sb on his oath : bt ai th
Reproach sb with sth : khin trch ai v vn g
Throw sth at sb : dng vt g nm ai
Fill sth with sth : y ci g vi ci g
Mix sth with sth else : trn ci g vi ci g khc
Provide sb with sth : cung cp cho ai ci g
Spend money on sth (s dng tin vo vic g)
Tell sb about sth (k cho ai nghe chuyn g)
Waste time on sth (ph thi gi lm g )
Protect sb from sth (bo v ai khoi b chuyn g)
Remind sb of (lm ai nh n)
Prevent sb from (ngn khng cho ai lm chuyn g )
TIEN TO, HAU TO TRONG TING ANH

I/ Tin t phu nh

Un
Doc dng vi: acceptable, happy, healthy, comfortable, employment, real , usual, reliable, necessary, able,
believable, aware.

Im: thng i vi ci t bt u l p
Eg: polite, possible

il: thng i vi cc t bt u l l
Eg:legal,ilogic,iliterate..

ir: i vi cc t bt u bng r
Eg: regular,relevant, repressible..

in
Eg: direct, formal, visible,dependent,experience

dis
Eg: like, appear, cover, qualify, repair, advantage,honest..

non
47

Eg: existent, smoke, profit

II/ Hu t

ment (V+ment= N)
Eg: agreement, employment..

ion/tion (V+ion/tion= N)
Eg: action,production,collection..

ance/ence( V+ance/ence= N)
Eg: annoyance, attendance..

ty/ity (adj+ty/ity=N)
Eg: ability,responsibility, certainty..

ness( adj+ness)
Eg: happiness, laziness, kindness, richness

er/or(V+er/or)
Eg: actor, teacher..

ist(V+ist)
Eg: typist, physicisist, scientist..

ent/ant(V+ent/ant=N)
Eg: student, assistant, accountant

an/ion( N+an/ion)
Eg: musician, mathematician

ess(N+ess)
Eg: actress,waitress...

ing(V+ing)
Eg: feeling, teaching, learning
Because of, Because, As, Since, Now that v For

Cch s dng cua Because of, Because, As, Since, Now that v For
Cc t/ cm t ny u oc s dng a ra nguyn nhn cua mt hnh ng hay mt tnh hung no .
Tuy nhin, c s khc bit quan trng trong cch s dng.

1. Because of l gii t. Because of oc s dng khi nguyn nhn a ra oc din t di hnh thuc mt
danh t hoc i t:
They are here because of us. (H o y l v chng ti).
He walked slowly because of his bad leg. (ng y i chm v ci chn au).

2. Because, As, Since, Now that v For l cc lin t.
48


Because oc s dng khi m nguyn nhn oc nu ra l phn quan trng nht cua cu ni hoc vit. Mnh
c chua because thng ung o cui cu:
I went to Spain last summer because I wanted the guarantee of sunshine on every day of my holiday. (Ti
i Ty Ban Nha vo ma h va ri v ti mun m bo rng mi ngy trong ky ngh cua ti phi trn ngp
nh nng).
As v Since oc s dng khi nguyn nhn oc nu ra oc mi ngi bit ri v v th thng l km
quan trng hn so vi cc phn khc cua cu ni hoc vit. Mnh c chua As hoc Since thng ung u
cu:
As the performance had already started, we went up to the balcony and occupied some empty seats there. (V
bui biu din bt u ri, chng ti ln ban cng v ngi vo my gh cn trng).
We thought that, since we were in the area, we'd stop and see them. (Chng ti ngh l, v n ri,
chng ti nn gh thm h).
Now that oc dng khi nguyn nhn oc nu ra ang din ra hoc va mi din ra.
Now that the kids have left home, we've got a lot of extra space. (By gi bn tre khng sng cng nua,
chng ti thy rt rng ri).
For oc dng khi nguyn nhn oc nu ra ch l thm vo cu ni, khng c chu ch t ban u. For khng
bao gi oc t o u cu v thng oc dng trong vn vit hn l vn ni:
I decided to stop the work I was doing for it was very late and I wanted to go to bed. (Ti quyt nh
khng lm cng vic m ti ang lm nua v cng vic qu mun m ti th mun i ngu).
GOOD IN hay GOOD AT???

Trong ting Anh c prepositional phrases "good at" v "good in".
Good at = Gioi v mt ti kho no. Th d:
- Im pretty good at soccer =Ti chi bng kh gioi.
- Shes good at dancing = C ta nhy gioi.
- Im not much good at public speaking = Ti khng gioi v khoa ni trc cng chng.
- Im not good at knitting = Ti khng bit an.

Nhng khi ni gioi v mt mn hc no, ta thng dng "good in". Th d:
- She is good in mathematics = C ta gioi ton.
V d:
He was the best in the class in French, but in mathematics and chemistry he was not so good = Anh ta ung
hng nht v Php vn nhng v mn ton v ho hc anh ta khng oc gioi.
v gii thch ta dng "good in" khi nh gi hay xp hng, nh trong cu:
In pharmacology she obtained the highest marks=V mn doc phm hc c oc im cao nht.
Phn bit To put on, to wear v to dress

Phn bit giua TO PUT ON & TO WEAR:

I put on my clothes before going out.
The girl who wears a purple robe, is my sister.
Nhn xt:

Hai ng t trn u c ngha l mc, nhng:
to put on ch mt hnh ng;
to wear ch mt tnh trng.
Vy, mun dch cu: "Ti ra mt ri mc qun o". Dng vit: I wash my face and wear my clothes. Phi vit:
I wash my face and put on my clothes.
Phn bit giua TO PUT ON & TO DRESS
49

C hai ng t ny u ch mt tc ng, nhng
to dress (someone) = mc qun o cho ai
to put on (something) = mc, i, mang (qun o, nn, giy, dp...)
V d:

The mother dressed her baby.(Ngi me mc qun o cho ua tre.)
She dressed herself and went out. (C y mc qun o ri i ra ngoi.)
---
Mt s danh t thng s dng trong line graph:
-------------------------

* Din t s tng ln:
a peak
a surge
an increase
a growth
a rise

* Din t s bin i:
a variation
a volatile period
a fluctuation

* Din t s bt bin, n nh:
a plateau
a period of stability/instability

* Din t s suy gim:
a decrease
a decline
a dip
a fall
a nosedive
a drop
*** What is a friend? -- Th no l mt ngi bn? ***

A true friend is... --> Mt ngi bn tht s l...

someone who will talk to you.
-- ngi s chuyn tr vi bn.

someone who will laugh with you.
-- ngi s ci a vi bn.

someone who will cry with you.
-- ngi s khc cng bn.

someone who will complement you.
-- ngi s b khuyt cho nhung phn thiu st m bn ang c.

50

someone who will cheer you up.
-- ngi s khch l bn.

someone who will let you win sometimes.
-- ngi thi thong s nhng cho bn phn thng.

someone who remembers your birthday.
-- ngi nh ngy sinh nht cua bn.

someone who knows when you are sad.
-- ngi bit khi no bn bun.

someone who has fun with you.
-- ngi cng vi bn c nhung pht giy tht vui ve.

someone who will make you smile.
-- ngi s lm bn mm ci.

someone who will let you be yourself.
-- ngi s cho bn oc l chnh bn.

someone who wants to see you.
-- ngi mun oc trng thy bn.

someone who does not want to be better than you.
-- ngi khng mun nhnh hn bn.

someone who understands you.
-- ngi hiu bn.

someone who encourages you.
-- ngi ng vin bn.

someone who makes you strong.
-- ngi lm bn thy mnh m.

someone who likes to make you happy.
-- ngi mun lm cho bn thy hnh phc.

someone who is nice to you.
-- ngi i x tt vi bn.

someone who will stand by your side.
-- ngi s ung bn cnh bn khi bn cn.

someone who will play with you.
-- ngi s vui a cng bn.

someone who want to celebrate with you.
-- ngi mun n mng cng vi bn.
51


someone who you can trust.
-- ngi m bn c th t lng tin.

It is nice to have friends.
-- Tht tt ep khi ta c oc nhung ngi bn.
[ NG PHP: CC DANG RT GON MNH DE QUAN H ]

Rt gn dng chu ng:
Ex: The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle
--> The man sitting next to you is my uncle
Ex: Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night?
--> Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night?

Rt gn dng b ng:
Ex: This page which was managed by him is interesting
--> This page managed by him is interesting

Rt gn th hon thnh:
Ex: He had not finished the task, he couldn't take a vacation.
--> Not having finished the task,..........

=> TM LAI:

--> Rt gn th chu ng --> Ving
--> Rt gn th b ng -----> V3/ed
--> Rt gn th hon thnh--> Having V3/ed

* Khi mun phu nh ch vic thm NOT o trc!
---
CU TING ANH SU DUNG HNG NGY

- Here I'm - C mt, Absent - Vng mt.
- Who's there? - It's me - Ai ? - Ti y.
- What are you? - Bn lm ngh g?
- What do you speak? - Bn ni g?
- What do you mean? - Bn c mun ni g?
- Look out! Attention! - Coi chng! Hy !
- Whose is this? It's mine - Ci ny cua ai? Cua ti.
- I forgat it at home - Ti qun n o nh.
- Wait a moment! Wait minute! - Doi mt cht.
- Come with me - Di vi ti.
- After you, please - Mi bn i trc.
- You're welcome - Khng c chi.
- What do you call that in english? - Ci ny ting anh gi l g?
- Please write that word down? Lm n vit chu ra.
Cc dng cu hoi v cch tr li cua bi thi IELTS writing task 2
-----------------------------

52

Mnh post li bi ny cho nhiu bn tham kho nh:

1. Do you agree or disagree?
Dy l cu hoi v quan im cua bn v mt vn c th. Bn nn chn mt hng vit bi chu khng nn tr
li kiu nc i: ti va ng va khng ng v nu lm nh vy th supporting cua bn s khng mnh v
khng thuyt phc.

2. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Di vi dng ny, bn c th lm nh vi dng 1 pha trn.

3. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages.
Vi dng ny, bn oc yu cu tho lun c v u im v nhoc im cua mt ci g . Bn khng oc hoi v
kin c nhn nn tuyt i khng a quan im cua bn vo cu tr li.

4. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Cu hoi ny yu cu bn tho lun c hai hng cua mt vn , sau phi nu r bn ung v hng no.

5. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Dng cu hoi ny bn c th lm ging nh dng s 4 nu trn.

6. Is this a positive or negative development?
Bn cn la chn mt trong hai hng liu y l positive hay l negative development, sau hy support quan
im cua bn. Cch vit dng ny ging nh dng 1 v 2 nu trn.

7. What are the benefits and drawbacks?
Dng cu hoi ny cng ging nh dng cu hoi s 3, bn phi nu ra c benefits v drawbacks nhng khng nu
quan im c nhn cua bn.

8. What are the causes and suggest some sollutions to the problem.
Vi dng cu hoi ny bn cn tr li u l nguyn nhn cua vn v u l cc gii php cho n. Lu l cc
gii php nu ra phi gii quyt oc ht cc nguyn nhn bn nu ln.

9. Why is this the case? Is it a positive or negative development?
Vi dng cu hoi ny chng ta nn plan essay thnh 2 on body chnh (khng k introduction v conclusion).
Don thu nht nu ra nguyn nhn cua vn , on thu hai bn nu r kin cua bn l positive hay negative
development.
CCH SU DUNG MOT SO DONG TU THEO SAU L V-ING hay V -TO
********************************************************
(Like v Share v tng khi cn hc cc bn nh !)

1. FORGET, REMEMBER

+ V-ing : Nh (qun) chuyn lm.
I remember meeting you somewhere last year. (Ti nh gp bn o u hi nm ngai )

+ To inf : Nh (qun ) lm chuyn g .
Don't forget to buy me a book : Dng qun mua cho ti quyn sch nh (cha mua )

2. REGRET

53

+ V-ing : Hi hn chuyn lm.
I regret lending him the book : Ti hi hn cho anh ta mon quyn sch.

+ To inf : Ly lm tic ......
I regret to tell you that ...( Ti ly lm tic ni vi bn rng ...)- cha ni - by gi mi ni.

3. TRY

+ V-ing : Ngha l th
I try eating the cake he makes ( ti th n ci bnh anh ta lm )

+ To inf : c gng ...
I try to avoid meeting him (ti c gng trnh gp anh ta )

4. NEED

Need nu l ng t c bit th i vi BARE INF
I needn't buy it ( need m c th thm not vo l ng t c bit )

Need l ng t thng th p dng cng thuc sau :

Nu chu t l ngi th dng to inf
I need to buy it (ngha chu ng )

Nu chu t l vt th i vi V-ing hoc to be P.P
The house needs repairing (cn nh cn oc sa cha )
The house needs to be repaired

5. MEAN

Mean + to inf : D nh
I mean to go out (Ti d nh i chi )

Mean + V-ing :Mang ngha
Failure on the exam means having to learn one more year.( Thi rt ngha l phi hc thm mt nm nua)

6. SUGGEST

S + suggest + S + (should) do: Goi ai nn lm g (mnh khng tham gia cng)
Lan has toothache. (Lan b au rng) => Ba suggested Lan should go to dentist (Ba goi Lan n nha s)

S + suggest + Ving: Goi ai cng lm g (mnh cng tham gia)
I suggested playing soccer
(Ti goi chi bng v ti cng tham gia chi)

Lan suggested going shopping
(Lan goi i mua sm v Lan cng i mua sm)

7. GO ON

54

Go on + V-ing : Ch s lin tc cua hnh ng.
My father went on working until he he was nearly 70.

Go on + to inf : Tip tc lm iu g sau khi hon tt 1 cng vic.
Go on to paint the windows when you have repaired the door.
12 TH TRONG TING ANH V DAU HIU NHAN BIT

1. Th Hin Ti Dn (Simple Present):
VI DONG TU THUNG
(+) S + Vs/es + O
(-) S+ DO/DOES + NOT + V +O
(?) DO/DOES + S + V+ O ?
VI DONG TU TOBE
S+ AM/IS/ARE + O
S + AM/IS/ARE + NOT + O
AM/IS/ARE + S + O

T nhn bit: always, every, usually, often, generally, frequently.
Cch dng:
+ Th hin ti n din t mt chn l , mt s tht hin nhin.
Ex: The sun ries in the East.
Tom comes from England.
+ Th hin ti n din t 1 thi quen , mt hnh ng xy ra thng xuyn o hin ti.
Ex: Mary often goes to school by bicycle.
I get up early every morning.
Lu : ta thm "es" sau cc ng t tn cng l : O, S, X, CH, SH.
+ Th hin ti n din t nng lc cua con ngi :
Ex : He plays badminton very well
+ Th hin ti n cn din t mt k hoch sp xp trc trong tng lai hoc thi kho biu , c bit dng
vi cc ng t di chuyn.

2. Th Hin Ti Tip Din (Present Continuous):
S + be (am/ is/ are) + V_ing + O
S+ BE + NOT + V_ing + O
BE + S+ V_ing + O
T nhn bit: now, right now, at present, at the moment,..........
Cch dng:
+ Th hin ti tip din t mt hnh ng ang din ra v ko di di mt thi gian o hin ti.
Ex: The children are playing football now.
+ Th ny cng thng tip theo sau cu ngh, mnh lnh.
Ex: Look! the child is crying.
Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.
+ Th ny cn din t 1 hnh ng xy ra lp i lp li dng vi ph t ALWAYS :
Ex : He is always borrowing our books and then he doesn't remember -
+ Th ny cn oc dng din t mt hnh ng sp xy ra ( o tng lai gn)
Ex: He is coming tomrow
Lu : Khng dng th ny vi cc ng t ch nhn thuc chi gic nh : to be, see, hear, understand, know,
like , want , glance, feel, think, smell, love. hate, realize, seem, remmber, forget,..........
Ex: I am tired now.
She wants to go for a walk at the moment.
55

Do you understand your lesson?

3. Th Qu Khu Dn (Simple Past):
- VI DONG TU THUNG
S + V_ed + O
S + DID+ NOT + V + O
DID + S+ V+ O ?
- VI TOBE
S + WAS/WERE + O
S+ WAS/ WERE + NOT + O
WAS/WERE + S+ O ?

T nhn bit: yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, las month, last year, last night.
Cch dng: Th qu khu n din t hnh ng xy ra v kt thc trong qu khu vi thi gian xc nh.
CHU TU + ONG TU QU KHU
When + th qu khu n (simple past)
When + hnh ng thu nht

4. Th Qu Khu Tip Din (Past Continuous):
S + was/were + V_ing + O
S + was/were + NOT+ V_ing + O
was/were + S+ V_ing + O ?

T nhn bit: While, at that very moment, at 10:00 last night, and this morning (afternoon).
Cch dng: Dng din t hnh ng xy ra cng lc. Nhng hnh ng thu nht xy ra sm hn v
ang tip tc xy ra th hnh ng thu hai xy ra.
CHU TU + WERE/WAS + ONG T THM -ING
While + th qu khu tip din (past progressive)

5. Th Hin Ti Hon Thnh (Present Perfect):
S + have/ has + Past participle + O
S + have/ has + NOT+ Past participle + O
have/ has +S+ Past participle + O
T nhn bit: already, not...yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recenthy, before...
Cch dng:Th hin ti hon thnh din t hnh ng xy ra hoc cha bao gi xy ra o 1 thi gian khng
xc nh trong qu khu.
Th hin ti hon thnh cng din t s lp i lp li cua 1 hnh ng trong qu khu.
Th hin ti hon thnh cng oc dng vi i since v for.
Since + thi gian bt u (1995, I was young, this morning etc.) Khi ngi ni dng since, ngi nghe phi
tnh thi gian l bao lu.
For + khong thi gian (t lc u ti by gi) Khi ngi ni dng for, ngi ni phi tnh thi gian l bao lu.

6. Th Hin Ti Hon Thnh Tip Din (Present Perfect Continuous):
S + have/ has + been + V_ing + O
S + have/ has + been + NOT + V_ing + O
have/ has +S + been + V_ing + O

T nhn bit: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the
past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far.
Cch dng: Th hin ti hon thnh tip din nhn mnh khong thi gian cua 1 hnh ng xy ra trong qu
56

khu v tip tc ti hin ti (c th ti tng lai).

7. Qu Khu Hon Thnh (Past Perfect):
S + had + Past Participle + O
S + had + NOT+ Past Participle + O
had + S+ Past Participle + O

T nhn bit: after, before, as soon as, by the time, when, already, just, since, for....
Cch dng: Th qu khu hon thnh din t 1 hnh ng xy ra v kt thc trong qu khu trc 1 hnh ng
khc cng xy ra v kt thc trong qu khu.

8. Qu Khu Hon Thnh Tip Din (Pas Perfect Continuous):
S + had + been + V_ing + O
S + had + been + NOT+ V_ing + O
had + been + S + V_ing + O

T nhn bit: until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after.
Cch dng: Th qu khu hon thnh tip din nhn mnh khong thi gian cua 1 hnh ng ang xy ra
trong qu khu v kt thc trc 1 hnh ng khc xy ra v cng kt thc trong qu khu

9. Tng Lai Dn (Simple Future):
S + shall/will + V(infinitive) + O
S + shall/will + NOT+ V(infinitive) + O
shall/will + S + V(infinitive) + O?

Cch dng:Khi qu v on (predict, guess), dng will hoc be going to.
Khi qu v ch d nh trc, dng be going to khng oc dng will.
CHU TU + AM (IS/ARE) GOING TO + ONG TU (o hin ti: simple form)
Khi qu v din t s tnh nguyn hoc s sn sng, dng will khng oc dng be going to.
CHU TU + WILL + ONG TU (o hin ti: simple form)

10. Tng Lai Tip Din (Future Continuous):
S + shall/will + be + V_ing+ O
S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O
shall/will +S+ be + V_ing+ O

T nhn bit: in the future, next year, next week, next time, and soon.
Cch dng:Th tng lai tip din din t hnh ng s xy ra o 1 thi im no trong tng lai.
CHU TU + WILL + BE + ONG TU THM -ING hoc
CHU TU + BE GOING TO + BE + ONG TU THM -ING

11. Tng Lai Hon Thnh (Future Perfect):
S + shall/will + have + Past Participle
S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O
shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O

T nhn bit: by the time and prior to the time (c ngha l before)
Cch dng: Th tng lai hon thnh din t 1 hnh ng trong tng lai s kt thc trc 1 hnh ng khc
trong tng lai.
CHU TU + WILL + HAVE + QU KHU PHN TU (PAST PARTICIPLE)
57


12. Tng Lai Hon Thnh Tip Din (Future Perfect Continuous):
S + shall/will + have been + V_ing + O
S + shall/will + NOT+ have been + V_ing + O
shall/will + S+ have been + V_ing + O

Cch dng:Th tng lai hon thnh tip din nhn mnh khong thi gian cua 1 hnh ng s ang xy ra
trong tng lai v s kt thc trc 1 hnh ng khc trong tng lai.
65 TNH TU M TA TNH CCH 1 NGUI

(Share v xem li khi cn nh bn)

- Bad-tempered: Nng tnh
- Boring: Bun chn.
- Brave: Anh hng
- Careful: Cn thn
- Careless: Bt cn, cu th.
- Cheerful: Vui ve
- Crazy: Din khng
- Easy going: D gn.
- Exciting: Th v
- Friendly: Thn thin.
- Funny: Vui ve.
- Generous: Ho phng
- Hardworking: Chm ch.
- Impolite: Bt lch s.
- Kind: Tt bng.
- Lazy: Li bing
- Mean: Keo kit.
- Out going: Coi mo.
- Polite: Lch s.
- Quiet: t ni
- Serious: Nghim tc.
- Shy: Nht nht
- Smart = intelligent: Thng minh.
- Sociable: Ha ng.
- Soft: Du dng
- Strict: Nghim khc
- Stupid: Ngu ngc
- Talented: Ti nng, c ti.
- Talkative: Ni nhiu.
- Aggressive: Hung hng, xng xo
- Ambitious: C nhiu tham vng
- Cautious: Thn trng.
- Competitive: Cnh tranh, ua tranh
- Confident: T tin
- Creative: Sng to
- Dependable: Dng tin cy
- Enthusiastic: Hng hi, nhit tnh
- Extroverted: hng ngoi
58

- Introverted: Hng ni
- imaginative: giu tr tong tong
- Observant: Tinh
- Optimistic: Lc quan
- pessimistic: Bi quan
- Rational: C chng mc, c l tr
- Reckless: Hp Tp
- Sincere: Thnh tht
- Stubborn: Bng bnh (as stubborn as a mule)
- Understantding: hiu bit
- Wise: Thng thi uyn bc.
- Clever: Kho lo
- Tacful: Lch thip
- Faithful: Chung thuy
- Gentle: Nhe nhng
- Humorous: hi hc
- Honest: trung thc
- Loyal: Trung thnh
- Patient: Kin nhn
- Open-minded: Khong t
- Selfish: ch ky
- Hot-temper: Nng tnh
- Cold: Lnh lng
- Mad: in, khng
- Aggressive: Xu bng
- Unkind: Xu bng, khng tt
- Unpleasant: Kh chu
- Cruel: DOc c
- Gruff: Th l cc cn
- insolent: Lo xoc
- Haughty: Kiu cng
- Boast: Khoe khoang
- Modest: Khim tn
- Keen: Say m
- Headstrong: Cung u
- Naughty: nghch ngom
NHNG CUM TU NOI THUNG DNG TRONG VN VIT

It is worth noting that : ng ch l

It was not by accident that : khng phi tnh c m

What is more dangerous, .. : nguy him hn l

But frankly speaking, .. : thnh tht m ni

Be affected to a greater or less degree : t nhiu b nh hong

According to estimation, : theo c tnh,

59

According to statistics, . : theo thng k,..

According to survey data,.. theo s liu iu tra,..

Viewed from different angles, : nhn t nhiu kha cnh khc nhau

As far as I know,.. theo nh ti oc bit,..

Not long ago ; cch u khng lu

More recently, gn y hn,.

What is mentioning is that iu ng ni l .

There is no denial that khng th chi ci l

To be hard times : trong lc kh khn

According to a teacher who asked not to be named,.. theo mt gio vin ngh giu tn,

Make best use of : tn dng ti a

In a little more detail : chi tit hn mt cht

From the other end of the line : t bn kia u dy (in thoi)

Doing a bit of fast thinking, he said .. sau mt thong suy ngh, anh ta ni

I have a feeling that.. ti c cm gic rng
Phn Bit Cch S Dng Cua: Some/Many/Any/A Few/ A Little/ A Lot Of/ Lots Of

Bn no cn cha r th SHARE v lu nh

Some:
- Dng trong cu khng nh
- Dung trc danh t m oc s nhiu v danh t khng m oc
- Some cng oc dng trong cu hoi
VD: I have some friends

Any:
- Dng trong cu phu nh v cu hoi
- Dung trc danh t m oc s nhiu v danh t khng m oc
VD: There arent any books in the shelf

Many:
- Thng dng trong cu hoi v cu phu nh, cu khng nh oc dng t hn
- Di vi danh t m oc s nhiu
VD: Do you have many cars?

60

A lot of/ lots of:
- Doc dng trong cu khng inh v cu nghi vn
- Di vi danh t khng m oc v danh t m oc s nhiu
- Thng mang ngha informal (source: fb. com/tienganhthatde)
VD: We spent a lot of money

A few:
- Dng trong cu khng nh
- Dng vi danh t m oc s nhiu
VD: She enjoys her life here. She has a few friends and they meet quite often.
(C y thch cuc sng o y. C y c mt vi ngi bn v h gp nhau rt thng xuyn).
O y a few friends ni n s long ngi bn m c y c l mt vi ngi chu khng phi m ch c y c
t bn.

A little:
- Dng trong cu khng nh
- Di vi danh t khng m oc
VD: Have you got any money? - Yes, a little. Do you want to borrow some? (Bn c tin khng? C, mt t.
Anh c mun vay khng?) A little o y hm l c khng nhiu nhng u cho anh muon mt t.
[TONG HOP 70 PHRASAL VERB THNG DUNG NHAT]

SHARE v tng hc dn mems nh

1.Beat ones self up: t trch mnh (khi dng, thay one's self bng mysel, yourself, himself, herself...)

2.Break down: b h

3.Break in: t nhp vo nh

4.Break up with s.o: chia tay ngi yu, ct ut quan h tnh cm vi ai

5.Bring s.th up: cp chuyn g

6.Bring s.o up: nui nng (con ci)

7.Brush up on st: n li

8.Call for st: cn ci g ;
Call for sb : ku ngi no , cho gi ai , yu cu gp ai

9.Carry out: thc hin (k hoch)

10.Catch up with sb: theo kp ai

11.Check in: lm thu tc vo khch sn

12.Check out: lm thu tc ra khch sn

13.Check st out: tm hiu, khm ph ci g
61


14.Clean st up: lau chi

15.Come across as: c ve (chu ngu l ngi)

16.Come off: trc ra, st ra

17.Come up against s.th: i mt vi ci g

18.Come up with: ngh ra

19.Cook up a story: ba t ra 1 cu chuyn

20.Cool down: lm mt i, bt nng, bnh tnh li (chu ngu c th l ngi hoc vt)

21.Count on sb: tin cy vo ngi no

22.Cut down on st: ct gim ci g

23.Cut off: ct la, ct tro gip ti chnh

24.Do away with st: bo ci g i khng s dng ci g

25.Do without st: chp nhn khng c ci g

26.Dress up: n mc ep

27.Drop by: gh qua

29.Drop sb off: th ai xung xe

30.End up = wind up: c kt cc

31.Figure out: suy ra

32.Find out: tm ra

33.Get along/get along with sb: hop nhau/hop vi ai

34.Get in: i vo

35.Get off: xung xe

36.Get on with sb: ha hop, thun vi ai

37.Get out: ct ra ngoi

40.Get rid of st: bo ci g

41.Get up: thuc dy
62


42.Give up st: t bo ci g

43.Go around: i vng vng

44.Go down: gim, i xung

45.Go off: n (sng, bom), reo (chung)

46.Go on: tip tc

47.Go out: i ra ngoi, i chi

48.Go up: tng, i ln

49.Grow up: ln ln

50.Help s.o out: gip ai

51.Hold on: oi t

52.Keep on doing st: tip tc lm g

53.Keep up st: hy tip tc pht huy

54.Let s.o down: lm ai tht vng

55.Look after sb: chm sc ai

56.Look around: nhn xung quanh

57.Look at st: nhn ci g

58.Look down on sb: khinh thng ai

59.Look for sb/st: tm kim ai / ci g

60.Look forward to st/Look forward to doing st: mong moi ti s kin no

61.Look into st: nghin cuu ci g , xem xt ci g

62.Look st up: tra ngha cua ci t g

63.Look up to sb: knh trng, ngng m ai

64.Make st up: ch ra, ba t ra ci g

65.Make up ones mind: quyt nh

66.Move on to st: chuyn tip sang ci g
63


67.Pick sb up: n ai

68.Pick st up: lom ci g ln

69.Put sb down: h thp ai

70.Put sb off: lm ai mt hung, khng vui
SO SNH "CONTAIN" V "INCLUDE"?

Contain ngha l chua ng:

- This suitcase contains my clothes.
(Chic vali ny ng qun o cua ti.)
Hoc l:
- The yellow notebook contains everything Ive studied for 2 years.
(Quyn vo mu vng chua mi thu ti hc trong 2 nm qua.)

Cn include l bao gm:

- His conclusion includes all our ideas
(Kt lun cua ng ta bao gm tt c kin cua chng ti.)
- My computer includes many English songs.
(My tnh cua ti bao gm nhiu bi ht ting Anh.)

Nu thay th 2 t ny cho nhau th c oc khng?

Ex1: This suitcase contains my clothes.
Cu ny s oc hiu l: Ci vali ny ng qun o cua ti - <Ngoi ra khng c g khc nua>

Nhng nu ta thay include vo cu:
-> This suitcase includes my clothes.
Ngha cua cu s tro thnh: Vali ny gm c qun o cua ti - <V c th cn nhung thu khc nua> <from fb.
com/tienganhthatde>

Ex2: My personal survival kit contains a compass and a small ax
Cu ny oc hiu l: Ti ng cp cuu c nhn cua ti gm c mt ci la bn v mt ci ru nho <trong ti
ny ch c 2 mn>

---> Nhng nu ta thay include vo cu:

- My personal survival kit includes a compass and a small ax
Ngha cua cu s tro thnh : Ti ng cp cuu c nhn cua ti c c mt ci la bn v mt ci ru nho <ti
ny c th c nhiu mn trong c ci a bn v ci ru nho>

* V d khc: <from fb. com/tienganhthatde>
- The English test will contain listening and speaking.
-> Ngi nghe s hiu l: Bi kim tra ting Anh s gm phn nghe v ni, ngoi hai phn ra khng phi thi
thm k nng g nua.
64

- The English test will include listening and speaking.
-> Th vn c th c thm cc phn thi khc (writing, )
51 CU TRC SO SNH TRONG TING ANH, Bao gm 16 cu trc so snh

1/ Cu trc: S + V + (not) enough + noun + (for sb) to do st = (khng) u ci g (cho ai) lm g. (He doesnt
have enough qualification to work here).

2 / Cu trc: S + V + (not) adj/adv + enough + (for sb) to do st = ci g (khng) u (cho ai) lm g. (He
doesnt study hard enough to pass the exam).

3/ Cu trc: S + V + too + adj/adv + (for sb) to do st = ci g qu n ni lm sao cho ai y lm g. (He ran
too fast for me to catch up with).

4/ Cu trc: Clause + so that + clause = m (He studied very hard so that he could pas the test).

5/ Cu trc: S + V + so + adj/adv + that S + V = ci g qu lm sao n ni m (The film was so boring
that he fell asleep in the middle of it)

6/ Cu trc: It + V + such + [a(n)] adj noun + that S +V = ci g qu lm sao n ni m ...
(It was such a borring film that he fell asleep in the middle of it)

7/ Cu trc: If + S + present simple + S +will/can/may + V simple :cu iu kin loi 1 = iu kin c tht o
tng lai ( If you lie in the sun too long, you will get sunburnt).

8/ Cu trc: If + S + past simple + S + would + V simple: Cu iu kin loi 2 = miu t ci khng c thc
hoc tong tong ra (If I won the competition, I would spend it all).

9/ Cu trc: If + S + past perfect + S + would + have past participle:cu iu kin loi 3 = miu t ci khng
xy ra hoc tong tong xy ra trong qu khu (If Id worked harder, I would have passed the exam)

10/ Cu trc: Unless + positive = If not = tr phi, nu khng (You will be late unless you start at one)

11/ Cu trc: S + used to + do = ch thi quen, hnh ng trong qu khu ( He used to smoke, but he gave up
five months ago) - used o y nh mt ng t qu khu.

12/ Cu trc: S + be + used/accustomed to + doing = quen vi vic ( I am used to eating at 7:00 PM)

13/Cu trc: S + get + used to + doing = tro nn quen vi vic ( We got used to American
food).

14/Cu trc: would rather do.than ...= thch ci g (lm g ) hn ci g (lm g)( We would rather die in
freedom than lie in slavery)

15/Cu trc: prefer doing/ noun..to ..= thch ci g (lm g ) hn ci g (lm g) ( I prefer drinking Coca
to drinking Pepsi).

16/Cu trc: would + like(care/hate/prefer) + to do = to li mi hoc mun g ( Would you like to dance
with me)

17/ Cu trc: like + V_ing = din t so thch (He like reading novel) like + to do = din t thi quen, s la
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chn,hoc vi ngha cho l ng.
(When making tea, he usually likes to put sugar and a slice of lemon in fisrt)

18/ Cu trc: S + should/had better/ought to/ be supposed to + do = ai nn lmg.(He should study tonight,
He had better study tonight, He is supposed to study tonight).

19/Cu trc : Could, may, might + have + P2 = c l (It may have rained last night, but Im not sure)

20/Cu trc : Should + have + P2 = l ra phi, l ra nn (Tom should have gone to office this morning).

22/Cu trc : because + S + V : (Tai was worried because it had started to rain.) because of/ due to/ +
Noun : (Tai was worried because of the rain).

23/Cu trc : Although/ Even though/ though + Clause = mc d
(Jane will be admitted to the university although her has bad grades).

24/Cu trc : Although/ Even though/ though + Clause = mc d
(Jane will be admitted to the university although her has bad grades.)

25/Cu trc : to be made of = consist of = oc lm bng cp n cht liu lm vt ( This table is made of
wood)

26/Cu trc : to be made from = oc lm t cp n ngvt liu b bin i khoi trng thi ban u . (
Paper is made from wood)

27/Cu trc : to be made out of = oc lm bng cp n qu trnh lm ra vt .
( This cake was made out of flour, butter, sugar, eggs and milk)

28/Cu trc : to have sb do sth = to get sb to do sth = sai ai, bo ai lm g
( Ill have Vinh fix my car) ,( Ill get Vinh to fix my car)

29/Cu trc : to have sb do sth = to get sb to do sth = sai ai, bo ai lm g
( Ill have Vinh fix my car) ,( Ill get Vinh to fix my car)

30/Cu trc: to have / to get sth done = lm g bng cch thu ngi khc ( I have my car washed )

31/Cu trc : to make sb do sth = to force sb to do sth = Bt buc ai lm g
( The bank robbers make the maneger give them all the money )

32/Cu trc : to make sb P2 = lm cho ai b lm sao
( Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday ).

33/Cu trc : to cause sth P2 = lm cho ci g b lm sao
( The big thunder storm caused waterfront houses damaged ).

34/Cu trc : to let sb do sth = to permit/allow sb to do sth = cho ai , cho php ai lm g ( I let me go ) .

35/Cu trc : S + V + as + { adj/adv} + as + {noun/pronoun} = so snh ngang bng 1( My book is as
interesting as your) , ( Vinh sings as well as I khng phi l me)

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36/Cu trc : S + short {adj/ adv}_ er + than + {noun/pronoun} = so snh hn 1
( My grades are higher than Vinhs).

37/Cu trc : S + short {adj/ adv}_ er + than + {noun/pronoun} = so snh hn 1 ( My grades are higher than
Vinhs).

38/Cu trc : S + more + long {adj/ adv} + than + {noun/pronoun} = so snh hn 2 ( He speaks English more
fluently than I ).

39/Cu trc : S + less + {adj/ adv} + than + {noun/pronoun} = so snh km
( He visits his family less frequently than she does ).

40/Cu trc : S + V + the + short {adj/ adv}_ est + { in + singular count noun/ of +plural count noun} = so snh
bc nht 1 ( Tom is the tallest in the family).

41/Cu trc : S + V + the + most +long {adj/ adv} + { in + singular count noun/ of+plural count noun} = so
snh bc nht 2 (This shoes is the most expensive of all )

42/Cu trc : S + V + the + least +long {adj/ adv} + { in + singular count noun/ of + plural count noun} = so
snh bc nht 3 (This shoes is the least expensive of all)

43/Cu trc : S + V + number multiple + as + {much/many} + (noun) + as + {noun/ pronoun}= so snh bi s
gp 2,gp 3...(This pen costs twice as much as the other one)

44/Cu trc : The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V = so snh kp ( The more you study, the
smatter you will become ).

45/Cu trc : No sooner + auxiliary + S + V + than + S + V = va mi .th ( No sooner had we started
out for Obama than it started to rain ).

46/Cu trc S + need + to V/ V_ing toV khi S l vt th sng ,V_ing khi S khng l vt th sng
( The grass needs cutting) ; ( I need to learn Eng lish )

47/Cu trc : V1 + to + V2 : trong V1 l { agree, expect, hope, learn, refuse, want, demand, forget,
attempt, offer, seem, fail, desire, plan, prepare).

48/ Cu trc : V1 + V2 _ing : trong V1 l {admit, avoid, delay, deny, resist, postpone, miss, finish,
enjoy, suggest, mind, recall, risk, resume, quit, consider).

49/Cu trc: S + wish + (that) + S + { could V/ would V/ were V_ing} + = c o tng lai ( We wish that
you could come to the party to night.)

50/Cu trc: S + wish + (that) + S + { could V/ would V/ were V_ing} + = c o tng lai ( We wish that
you could come to the party to night.)

51/Cu trc: S + wish + (that) + S + {past perfect/could have P2}.= c o qu khu ( I wish that I had washed
the clothes yesterday).
Danh Dng T - Gerund
Danh ng t - gerund
(C ngha l Dng t thm -ing)
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PHRASAL VERBs from GET
--------------------
Get about : lan truyn

Get ahead : tin b

Get at sth :tm ra, khm ph ra

Get at sb : ch trch, cng kch

Get away from :trn thot

Get away with :thot khoi ( s trng pht)

Get back :tro v

Get sth back :ly li

Get behind :chm tr

Get down :lm nn lng

Get down to sth :bt tay vo vic g

Get in/into sth :oc nhn vo

Get off :ri khoi, xung (xe, mt bay)

Get on :ln ( tu xe..)

Get on with :ha thun

Get out :l ra ngoi ( tin tuc )

Get out of :ln trnh

Get over: phc hi, vot qua

Get through :vot qua

Get through to sb : lm ai hiu oc iu g

Get together :t hp

Get up to :gy ra
MOT SO TNH TU VE TNH CCH CON NGUI
1. Gentle : hin hu
2. Evil : c c
3. Arrogant : kiu ngo
4. Obedient : bit nghe li
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5. Proud : t ho
6. Mischievous : quy ph, tinh nghch.
7. Confident : t tin
8. Courteous : lch thip.
9. Conceited : y t ph.
10. Gracious : t t, ho hip.
11. Cold-blooded : mu lnh.
12. Dynamic : nng ng.
13. Sociable : ho ng.
14. Mysterious : b n.
15. Miserable : khn kh.
16. Hard-working : sing nng.
17. Lazy : li bing.
18. Passionate : nng nn.
19. Romantic : lng mng.
20. Emotive : d xc ng.
21. Sensitive : nhy cm.
22. Heated : chy bong.
23. Vengeanful : y th hn, th dai.
24. Trustful : ng tin.
25. Flattering : hay nnh ht.
26. Mild : n ho.
27. Dangerous : nguy him.
28. Expedient : thu on.
29. Cheating : gian tr.
30. Passive : th ng.
31. Active : chu ng.
32. Wanton (immoral) : phng ng.
33. Luxurious : sang trng, qu phi.
34. Noble : qu tc.
35. Pleasant : d chu.
36. Annoying : phin h.
1. Long time no see.
Lu qu khng gp.
2. School is out.
Ngoi gi hc.

3. Stop dawdling!
Dng la c!

4. Make it big.
Thnh cng nh.

5. Love it or leave it.
Khng thch th bo i.

6. The less the better.
Cng t cng tt.

7. Mind your own business.
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Lo chuyn cua bn i.

8. The little nothings of life.
Nhung chuyn lt vt cua cuc sng.

9. No business is a success from the beginning.
Khng c g thnh cng t u c.
Phrasal verb - LOOK
---------------
1. To look after: sn sc, trong coi

Ex: father o!ght to look after his chil"ren.

#. To look back: nh$n l%i &!' kh(

Ex: )a**+ is the ,an -ho can look back on his *ast -ith sactifaction.

.. To look ahea": nh$n v/ t01ng lai

Ex: Looking ahea", he "eci"e" to stick to his *resent 2ob.

3. To look "o-n on: khinh b4

Ex: 5on6t look "o-n on the *oor, ,+ "ear7 Povert+ is not a vice.

8. To look !*: tra t9 :i;n

Ex: <ait a ,in!te7 =6ll look !* the exact -or" for +o!.

>. To look !* to: k?nh tr@ng

Ex: = al-a+s look !* to kin" fine *eo*le.

A. To look for: t$, kiB,, ,ong :Ci

Ex: =6, looking for ,+ *en, =6ve *!t it so,e-here.

D. To look like: trEng giFng nh0

Ex: 5oesn6t he look like his fatherG

H. To look into: xe, xIt t0Jng tKn

Ex: fter having looke" into the *roof, the *olice concl!"e" that Lohn -as the robber.

1M. To look for-ar" to "oing sth: ,ong ngng

Ex: =6, looking for-ar" to seeing +o! soon.

11. To look over: :@c hBt

Ex: Let ,e look over the *a*er an" give +o! an a"vice.

1#. To look thro!gh: Ne, hBt, l0Ot &!a

Ex: The teacher looke" thro!gh the re*ort an" sent it back to the st!"ent -itho!t co,,ent.
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1.. To look in on sb: ghI &!a th, ai

Ex: <h+ "onPt +o! look in on +o!r a!nt next ti,e +o! are in to-nG

13. To look on: ch4 nh$n ,Q khEng tha, gia

Ex: Passers-b+ si,*l+ looke" on as the acci"ent ha**ene".

18. Look o!t7: chR S7 TUn thKn7

Ex: Look o!t7 There is a car co,ing.

1>. To look ro!n": nh$n x!ng &!anh

Ex: Vhe looke" ro!n" an" secretl+ hi"e the box of ,one+.

1A. Look to sb for sth: trEng cK+ vQo ai lQ, viWc g$ : cho ,$nh

Ex: <e all look to +o! for hel* beca!se -e "on6t kno- ho- to "o it right.