CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

As engineers are designing roads, topographical, structures and water main, they use scales ( size reduction) to transfer the design concept to manageable size set of drawings that provide two or three dimensional representation of the project , civil engineering rulers( scale) refer to the tools that engineer and plan reviewers use to measure these project as they are designing and building.

CHAPTER II SCALE

2.1 The Definition Of scale Scale is the ratio of the liner dimension of an objects as represented in a drawing to the real linear dimension of the same objects itself. he ratio of length of the drawing to the actual length of the object repsresented is called representative fraction.

2.2 The pu pose of scale he purpose of scales is to allow an engineer, technician or contractor to determine scaled measurements from drawings or map very !uic"ly and easily.scales is an important element for the most drawing. #ithout a scale it would virtually be impossible in gauge the distance two locations.

2.! The t"pe of scale $ull size scale A scale with the ratio 1 % 1 &nlargement scale A scale where the ratio is larger then 1 % 1 e.g '(% 1 )eduction scale A scale where the ratio is smaller than 1% 1 e.g 1% 1((

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2.# The $a" to ea% scale

+t means every * cm on a drawing represents *(( feet in real contraction. So , if in drawing is *., cm . *., cm - *(( feet . *', feet /on0t confuse 1%*( with 11.*(0 Scale 11.*(0 2aper 3nits % actual units

#e can see from the picture that tell the scale of the house. +t use scale 1% 1(( . it means for the bedroom the lay out of the bedroom is *((51(( . * cm . so * cm is on drawing. And in the real dimension is * m and for bathroom the layout of the bathroom is '((51((.' cm , so ' cm is on drawing and the real dimension of bathroom is ' m. and etc.

CHAPTER III CONCLUSION

So, scale is used to draw a building techni!ue by counting manually with the calculator for each building which will be described. And if we draw a building techni!ue by using 6A/ , we should not use scale , because in 6A/ we should not calculating the scale , we can set the dimension when we want to print it.