GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
B GIO DC V O TO
CHNH THC

( thi c 06 trang)

THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2013

Mn: HO HC; Khi B
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht
M thi 537

H, tn th sinh:.......................................................................
S bo danh:............................................................................

Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t:

H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr =
52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Ba = 137.
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1 : Hn hp X gm ancol metylic, etylen glicol. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton vi Na d, thu
c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X, thu c a gam CO2. Gi tr ca a l
A. 8,8
B. 6,6
C. 2,2
D. 4,4.
Cch 1: Nhn xt h s, p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t
Phn tch v hng lm:
ancol metylic CH3OH v etylen glicol C2H4(OH)2 u c s C bng s nhm OH
Khi 2 ru trn p vi Na d th s mol H2 thot ra bng s mol s mol OH = s mol C

nC =noH = 2nH2 = 0,2mol

t chy hon ton X : Bo ton nguyn t C ta c nCO2 = nC = 0,2 mol mCO2 = 8.8 gam

Cch 2: Ta c s phn ng
CH3OH +Na \ H2
x
x
0,5x
C2H4(OH)2 +Na H2
y
y
Ta c nH2 = 0,5x+y =0,1mol

CH3OH CO2 + 2H2O

x
x
2x
C2H4(OH)2 2CO2 + 3H2O
y
2y
Suy ra s mol CO2 = x +2y = 2.( 0,5x+y) =0,2
mCO2 =0,2.44 =8.8 gam

Cu 2: Cho 0,76 gam hn hp X gm hai amin n chc, c s mol bng nhau, phn ng hon ton vi
dung dch HCl d, thu c 1,49 gam mui. Khi lng ca amin c phn t khi nh hn trong 0,76
gam X l
A. 0,45 gam.
B. 0,38 gam.
C. 0,58 gam.
D. 0,31 gam.
Cch 1: p dng tng gim khi lng v phng php trung bnh
Ch bi ch yu cu tm amin co PTK nh hn
CnH2n+1NH2 + HCl CnH2n+1NH3Cl
1mol X p lm khi lng tng 36,5 gam
a mol X
1,49- 0,76 a = 0,2mol

KL mol tb ca X: MTB = 0,76: 0,02 = 38

Nh vy, amin c PTK nh hn 38 ch c metylamin ( M =31): CH 3NH2 : 0,01 mol c m = 0,31 gam
Cch 2: Nu , khia ra tm cht nh hn th theo kinh nghim chng ta cng c th ngh ngay cht
l nh nht, v nu bn no lm quen pp trung bnh th thy rng pp ch cho ta gii hn khong, do
ta chn cht nh nht l metylamin ( M =31): CH3NH2 : th p n thy ngay rng D
Cu 3: Hn hp X gm FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4. Cho kh CO qua m gam X nung nng, sau mt thi gian
thu c hn hp cht rn Y v hn hp kh Z. Cho ton b Z vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d, n phn ng
hon ton, thu c 4 gam kt ta. Mt khc, ha tan hon ton Y trong dung dch H 2SO4 c, nng
(d), thu c 1,008 lt kh SO 2 (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch cha 18 gam mui. Gi tr
ca m l
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
A. 7,12.
B. 6,80.
C. 5,68.
D. 13,52.
Cch gii 1: Nhn thy ngay bi ny phi dng k thut quy i kt hp bo ton e
Quy i hh thnh Fe v O
hiu r bn cht hn ta c s hp thc sau:
Fe (x) CO Y (rn)
Y+ H2SO4 c 0,045 mol SO2 + 18 gam mui Fe2(SO4)3
O (y)
Z ( kh)
Z + CaOH)2- 0,4 mol CaCO3
i vi bi ton p dn pp bo ton e ta ch cn quan tm n trng thi u v cui b qua qu trnh
trung gian Ban u Fe, O C+2 , S+6 Trng thi cui: Fe3+, O2-, S+4, C+4
T s ta c: x = nFe = 2n Fe2(SO4)3 = 0,09 mol
Vit qu trnh cho nhn e
Fe Fe3+ +3e
O
+2e O20,09
3.0.09
y
2y
2+
4+
+6
C
C +2e
S
+2e S+4
0,04
0,08
0,045 0,09
Bo ton e: 3.0,09 + 0.08 = 2y + 0.09

y = 0,13 mol

Vy m = mO + mFe ,13.16 + 0,09.56 = 7,12 gam

Cch gii 2 ( bn cht vn l 1 cch nhng rt gn hn)
C Fe (x mol); O ( y mol)
nFe = 2n Fe2(SO4)3 = 2.18: 400 = 0,09 mol
bo ton e: 0,09.3 2.(y 0,04) = 0,045.2 => y = 0,13 mol => m = 0,13.16 + 0,09.56 = 7,12 gam

Cu 4: Ha tan hon ton 1,28 gam Cu vo 12,6 gam dung dch HNO 3 60% thu c dung dch X
+
(khng c ion NH 4 ). Cho X tc dng hon ton vi 105 ml dung dch KOH 1M, sau lc b kt ta
c dung dch Y. C cn Y c cht rn Z. Nung Z n khi lng khng i, thu c 8,78 gam
cht rn. Nng phn trm ca Cu(NO3)2 trong X l
A. 28,66%.
B. 30,08%.
C. 27,09%.
D. 29,89%.
y c th coi l bi kh nht trong thi.
Cch 1: Lu bi ton ny cha bit sp kh nhiu HS tha nhn sp kh l NO nh th cha
chnh xc
S mol Cu: 0,02 mol
S mol HNO3 0,12mol
Ta c s
Cu
(0,02mol)

HNO3
(0,12 mol)

Dung
dch
X

0,105 mol KOH

Kt ta

ln hn rt nhiu

Cu(OH)2

2+ nn d

Cu

lc b

dd Y

c can ddY

Cht rn Z

KNO3(a mol)
KOH d(b
mol)

Nung

8,78 gam

KNO2( a
mol)
KOH (b mol)
d

Gi a l s mol KNO2 b l s mol KOH trong 8,78 gam cht rn ( nu ch c KNO2 th s mol l)
Ta c pt: 85a + 56b = 8,78
Bo ton nguyn t K : a + b = 0,105 mol
a = 0,1 mol ; b = 0,005 mol
Nh vy s mol KOH phn ng vi HNO3 d v Cu(NO3)2 ( 0,02 mol) l 0,1 mol vy HNO3 p
vi Cu l 0,06 mol
Xt phn ng cho p Cu + HNO3 ( S mol H2O sinh ra = nHNO3 = 0,03 mol)ta c :
Cu (0,02) + HNO3 ( 0,06 mol) Cu(NO3)2(0,02) + SPkh + H2O( 0,03 mol)
Bo ton khi lng m sp kh = 0,76 gam
Vy mddX = mCu + m dd HNO3 - msp kh = 12,6 +1,78 - 0,76 = 13,12 gam
C%m Cu(NO3)2 = 0,02.188 :13,12.100% = 28,66%

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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
Cch 2: Tng t cch 1, khc ch
Sp kh ta bit ngay gm N v O
Do : p dng bo ton nguyn t N : nHNO3 = nmui + nN(sp kh) nN(sp kh) = 0,12 - a = 0,02 mol
Cu (0,02) + HNO3 ( 0,06 mol) Cu(NO3)2(0,02) + SPkh + H2O( 0,03 mol)
Bt nguyn t oxi ta c: nO = 0,03 mol v tnh tip
Cch 3: Tng t cch 2, sau khi tnh c nN = 0,02 mol, ta c cc t duy khc kh hp l suy ra
nO.
Ta bit Cu l kim loi yu do sp kh ch gm NO v NO2. Nh vy nN:nO =2: 3 v suy ranO = 0,03
mol v tnh tip.

Bo ton nguyn t O nO(spk)

n O (spk) = (5.0,02 2.0,02) : 2 = 0,03 mol
m dung dch sau = 12,6 + 1,28 0,02.14 0,03.16 = 13,12 gam
C%m Cu(NO3)2 = 0,02.188 :13,12.100% = 28,66%

Cu 5: Cho gi tr m in ca cc nguyn t: F (3,98); O (3,44); C (2,55); H (2,20); Na (0,93). Hp

cht no sau y l hp cht ion?
A. NaF.
B. CH4.
C. H2O.
D. CO2.
Cch 1:Tnh hiu m in: 1,7 l hp cht ion
Cch 2: LK ion l lk gia kl in hnh v PK in hnh chn ngay A
Cu 6: Cho m gam mt oxit st phn ng va vi 0,75 mol H 2SO4, thu c dung dch ch cha mt
mui duy nht v 1,68 lt kh SO2 (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht ca S+6). Gi tr ca m l
A. 24,0.
B. 34,8.
C. 10,8.
D. 46,4.
Cch 1: Quy i hn hp Gm Fe (x mol) O (y mol)

O
+2e O23x
y
2y
+6
S
+ 2e S+4
0,075 0,15
Bo ton e: 3x =2y + 0,15
Bo ton nguyn t S: nS(H2SO4) = nS(MUI) + nS(SO2) 0,75 = 1,5x + 0,075
x = 0,45; y = 0,6 m = 0,45.56 + 0,6.16 = 34,8 gam

Fe
x

Fe3+ +3e

Cch 2:

Bo ton nguyn t S: nS(H2SO4) = nS(MUI) + nS(SO2) nS(mui)= 0,675 gam

nFe3+ (mui) = 0,45 mol= nFe(oxit)

S mol H2O sinh ra = nH2SO4 = 0,75 mol

Bo ton nguyn t O: nO( oxit) = nO(mui) + nO(nc)+ nO( SO2) -nO(axit) = 4.0,675+ 0,75 +0,075.2 - 0,75.4 = 0,6 mol

m = 0,45.56 + 0,6.16 = 34,8 gam

Cch 3:

BT S c: nFe2(SO4)3 = (0,75 0,075) : 3 = 0,225 mol n Fe = 0,45 mol

BT e c: nO = (0,45.3 0,075.2 ) : 2 = 0,6 mol m = 0,45.56 + 0,6.16 = 34,8 gam
Cu 7: Hn hp X gm hiro, propen, axit acrylic, ancol anlylic (C 3H5OH). t chy hon ton 0,75
mol X, thu c 30,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc). un nng X vi bt Ni mt thi gian, thu c hn hp Y. T
khi hi ca Y so vi X bng 1,25. Cho 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi V lt dung dch Br 2 0,1M. Gi
tr ca V l
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
A. 0,6.
B. 0,5.
C. 0,3.
D. 0,4.
Cch 1: Ta thy: propen, axit acrylic, ancol anlylic u c dng chung C3HyOz v c 1 lk i ( C=C)
do hn hp X gm H2 v C3HyOz
t chy X thu c 1,35 mol CO2 nC3HyOz = 0,45 mol ( tng ng 0,45 mol lk ) v
nH2 = 0,3 mol.
un nng X vi bt Ni :
1 mol C3HyOz + 1mol H2 ( t l mol 1: 1) 1 mol Y
Trong p ny s mol hh gim bng s mol H2 p. Ta c: dY/X =1,25 MY =1,25MX
y l bi ton gm ton cht kh (hi) do : mX = my 0,75.MX = nY.MY = nY.1,25MX
nY = 0,6 mol 0,75 mol X p th s mol kh gim 0.15mol nH2p = 0,15 mol
Trong 0,6 mol Y s mol C3HyOz d : 0,45 -0,15 =0,3 mol
Trong 0,16 mol Y s mol C3HyOz d : 0,05 mol
S mol Br2 p = 0,05 mol V = 0,5 lit
Cch 1: Ngn gn li hn:
Trong 0,75 mol X c n C3HxOy = 1,35 : 3 = 0,45 mol n H2 = 0,3 mol
BT khi lng c: nX = nY.1,25 = 0,125 mol n H2 phn ng = 0,125 0,1 = 0,025 mol
Trong 0,125 mol X c nC3HxOy = 0,125.0,45 : 0,75 = 0,075 mol
BT lin kt c: 0,075.1 = 0,025 + n Br2 n Br2 = 0,05 mol V =0,5 lt
Cu 8: Thy phn hon ton m1 gam este X mch h bng dung dch NaOH d, thu c m 2 gam ancol
Y (khng c kh nng phn ng vi Cu(OH) 2) v 15 gam hn hp mui ca hai axit cacboxylic n
chc. t chy hon ton m2 gam Y bng oxi d, thu c 0,3 mol CO 2 v 0,4 mol H2O. Gi tr ca m1
l
A. 11,6.
B. 16,2.
C. 10,6.
D. 14,6.
Cch gii: Lu bi ton ny khng hi CTPT hay cu to ca Este nn khng quan tm axit l axit no
m ch cn tim cc i lng p dng lbt kl:

t chy hon ton m2 gam ancol Y bng oxi d, thu c 0,3 mol CO 2 v 0,4 mol H2O. Y l
ancol no n chc mch h
nY =0,4 -0,3 =0,1 mol S C = 3, S H =4 C3H8Oz (z 2)
Thy phn hon ton este X mch h bng dung dch NaOH d, hn hp mui ca hai axit cacboxylic
n chc. nn ancol a chc, mt khc ancol k ha tan c Cu(OH)2 nn khng th l glixerol => z = 2,
propan-1,3-iol m2 = 0,1.76 =7,6 gam
Este c dng (RCOO)2C3H6 nn phn ng ( R l cng thc chung bnh 2 gc hirocacbon)
(RCOO)2C3H6 + 2NaOH 2R COONa + C3H6(OH)2 nNaOH = 2 nru =0,2mol
Bo ton khi lng c: m1 = m2 + maxit - mNaOH = 14,6 gam.
Ngn gn hn: C cng thc ca ancol l C 3H8Ox (x 2) v thy phn thu c 2 mui n chc nn ancol a chc, mt
khc ancol khng ha tan c Cu(OH)2 nn khng th l glixerol
x = 2, propan-1,3-iol
BT khi lng c: 0,1.76 + 15 0,2.40 = m m = 14,6 gam.

Cu 9: Cho phn ng: FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O.

Trong phng trnh ca phn ng trn, khi h s ca FeO l 3 th h s ca HNO3 l
A. 6.
B. 10.
C. 8.
D. 4.
Cch 1: Cn bng trc tip 3FeO + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 5H2O
Cch 2: 3FeO + xHNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + ( x -9)NO + 0,5x H2O
BT nguyn t O: 3 +3x = 27 +x -9 + 0,5x x = 10
27
Cu 10: S proton v s ntron c trong mt nguyn t nhm ( 13 Al ) ln lt l
A. 13 v 13.
B. 13 v 14.
C. 12 v 14.
D. 13 v 15.
HD gii :

A
Z

X : A =Z + N Suy ra B. 13 v 14.

Cu 11: Amino axit X c phn t khi bng 75. Tn ca X l

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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
A. lysin.
B. alanin.
C. glyxin.
D. valin.
HD gii : Bi ny ch cn nh Cng thc l xong
Cu 12: Cho 3,36 lt kh hirocacbon X (ktc) phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3
trong NH3, thu c 36 gam kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H4.
B. C2H2.
C. C4H6.
D. C3H4.
HD gii :
Cch cht trn khi tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 to ra kt ta bng s mol Hirocacbon
nhirocacbon = 0,15 mol= nkt ta Mkt ta = 240 C2Ag2 X l C2H2
Cu 13: Tn gi ca anken (sn phm chnh) thu c khi un nng ancol c cng thc
(CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH3 vi dung dch H2SO4 c l
A. 2-metylbut-2-en. B. 2-metylbut-1-en. C. 3-metylbut-1-en.
D. 3-metylbut-2-en.
HD gii: Anken l : (CH3)2C=CH-CH3 2-metylbut-2-en.
Cu 14: Trong cc cht: stiren, axit acrylic, axit axetic, vinylaxetilen v butan, s cht c kh nng
tham gia phn ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, un nng) l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
HD : phn ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, un nng) th cht phi c lin kt bi : C 3 cht l
stiren, axit acrylic, vinylaxetilen
Cu 15: Cho s phn ng: C2H2 X CH3COOH.
Trong s trn mi mi tn l mt phn ng, X l cht no sau y?
A. CH3COONa.
B. C2H5OH.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. CH3CHO.
Hg ,80 C
Mn
HD: CH CH +H2O CH3CH=O CH3COOH
2+

2+

Cu 16: Ha tan hon ton x mol Fe vo dung dch cha y mol FeCl 3 v z mol HCl, thu c dung dch
ch cha mt cht tan duy nht. Biu thc lin h gia x, y v z l
A. x = y 2z.
B. 2x = y + z.
C. 2x = y + 2z.
D. y = 2x.
HD :
Cht tan duy nht phi l FeCl2
Cch 1 : Bo ton e
Fe Fe2+ +2e
x
2x

Fe3+
+e Fe2+
y
y
+

2H + 2e H2
z
z
Bo ton e: 2x =y + z

Cch 2 : Bo ton in tch : Dung dch ch c FeCl2 nn Fe 2+ : x + y mol ; Cl- : 3y + z mol

p dng nh lut BTT : 2x + 2y = 3y +z 2x =y + z
Cu 17: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Cc cht CH3NH2, C2H5OH, NaHCO3 u c kh nng phn ng vi HCOOH.
(b) Phn ng th brom vo vng benzen ca phenol (C6H5OH) d hn ca benzen.
(c) Oxi ha khng hon ton etilen l phng php hin i sn xut anehit axetic.
(d) Phenol (C6H5OH) tan t trong etanol.
Trong cc pht biu trn, s pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 1.
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
HD : C 3 pht biu ng l (a), (b), (c)
Loi (d) v phenol tan nhiu trong etanol v nc nng
Cu 18: S ng phn amin bc mt, cha vng benzen, c cng cng thc phn t C7H9N l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
HD : Cu ny kh quen thuc trong thi : Tc gi ch thay i gia chc amin vi cc chc khc
m thi :
C6H5CH2-NH2, CH3-C6H4-NH2 (3 ng phn o,m,p)
Vy c 4 amin bc 1
Cu 19 : Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Trong cc phn ng ha hc, flo ch th hin tnh oxi ha.
(b) Axit flohiric l axit yu.
(c) Dung dch NaF long c dng lm thuc chng su rng.
(d) Trong hp cht, cc halogen (F, Cl, Br, I) u c s oxi ha: -1, +1, +3, +5 v +7.
(e) Tnh kh ca cc ion halogenua tng dn theo th t: F, Cl, Br, I.
Trong cc pht biu trn, s pht biu ng l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
HD :
S pht biu ng l 4 gm : (a), (b), (c), (e).
(d) sai v :trong hp cht F ch c s oxi ha -1
Cu 20: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Cht bo l trieste ca etylen glicol vi cc axit bo.
B. Cc cht bo thng khng tan trong nc v nh hn nc.
C. Triolein c kh nng tham gia phn ng cng hiro khi un nng c xc tc Ni.
D. Cht bo b thy phn khi un nng trong dung dch kim.
HD A sai v A. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit bo
Cu 21: Cht no sau y trong phn t ch c lin kt n?
A. Axit axetic.
B. Metyl fomat.
C. Anehit axetic.
D. Ancol etylic.
HD: ancol, ete l nhng hp cht m nhm chc cha oxi khng c lk chc, cn axit, este, anehit,
xeton u c lk chc.
Cu 22: Hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong cng dy ng
ng. t chy hon ton 4,02 gam X, thu c 2,34 gam H2O. Mt khc 10,05 gam X phn ng va
vi dung dch NaOH, thu c 12,8 gam mui. Cng thc ca hai axit l
A. C3H5COOH v C4H7COOH.
B. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
Cch 1: Chng ta nn quan tm p vi kim trc, y ta p dng pp tng gim khi lng
C 1 mol hh axit n chc tc dng vi NaOH th khi lng mui tng thm 22 gam
Vy s mol hh axit (trong 10,05 gam) l: (12,8-10,05)/22 = 0,125 mol
Vy vi 4,02 gam hh s c s mol l: 0,05 mol
Xt p chy: Xt n cng axit gm C, H, O
Axit n chc nn c nguyn t O trong pt do : nO =2naxit = 0,25 mol
Bao ton nguyn t: nH(axit) = nH(H2O) = 2.0,13 =0,26 mol
mC(X) = mX-mO -mH = 2,16 gam nC =,18 mol = nCO2 sinh ra
S nguyn t C trung bnh: 3,6 nn p n B, C u hp l
m nCO2 > nH2O nn axit khng no nn Chn B
Cch 2: ( tham kho tc gi khc)thy c 2TH : axit no: Cn H2n O2 ( x mol) hoc CmH2m 2O2 (x mol)
Xt TH1: => x = (4,02 0,13.14) : 32 = 0,06875 mol (c th loi)
Xt TH2: => 30x+ 14n CO2 = 4,02 v n CO2 x = 0,13 => x = 0,05 mol; n CO2 = 0,18 mol
Ctb = 0,18 : 0,05 = 3,6 => C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH

Cch 3: Kinh nghim thyb 2 p n c C3, C4 ging nhau nn s l B, C

Tnh c s mol X l 0,05 S H trung bnh 5,2 th ch c B ph hp.
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Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
Tuy nhin, s dng cch ny nn thn trng.
Cu 23: Cho phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng: X + 2Y Z + T. thi im ban u, nng ca
cht X l 0,01 mol/l. Sau 20 giy, nng ca cht X l 0,008 mol/l. Tc trung bnh ca phn ng
tnh theo cht X trong khong thi gian trn l
A. 4,0.10-4 mol/(l.s). B. 7,5.10-4 mol/(l.s). C. 1,0.10-4 mol/(l.s). D. 5,0.10-4 mol/(l.s).
HD:
X + 2Y Z +
T
Ban u:
0,01
Sau 20 giy: 0,008
Tc tb: (0,01 -0,008)/20 = 1,0.10-4 mol/(l.s).
Cu 24: Tripeptit X v tetrapeptit Y u mch h. Khi thy phn hon ton hn hp gm X v Y ch
to ra mt amino axit duy nht c cng thc H 2NCnH2nCOOH. t chy 0,05 mol Y trong oxi d, thu
c N2 v 36,3 gam hn hp gm CO 2, H2O. t chy 0,01 mol X trong oxi d, cho sn phm chy
vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, thu c m gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca
m l
A. 29,55.
B. 17,73.
C. 23,64.
D. 11,82.
Cch 1:
X, Y u c to bi axit amin no, n chc nn CTC ca X: CxH2x-1O4N3, Y: CyH2y-2O5N4.
t chy Y: CyH2y-2O5N4
yCO2 + (y-1)H2O
0,05
0,05y
0,05(y-1)
Ta c: 44.0,05y + 18.0,05(y-1) = 36,3, suy ra y = 12
Vy axit amin to ra X v Y l NH2C2H4COOH
S mol CO2 thu c khi t 0,01 mol X l: 0,01.9 = 0,09
Khi lng kt ta l: 0,09.197 = 17,73 gam
Cch 2:Cng thc ca tetrapeptit Y l C4m H 8m 2 N4O5
C 0,05.4m.44 + 18.0,05.(4m- 1) = 36,3 m = 3
cng thc ca tripeptit X l C9H17N3O4 m BaCO3 = 0,01.9.197 = 17,73 gam

Cu 25: Cacbohirat no sau y thuc loi isaccarit?

A. Xenluloz
B. Glucoz
C. Saccaroz
D. Amiloz
HD:
Mono saccarit: Glucoz, fructoz; isaccarit:Saccaroz, mantoz; polisaccarit: xenluloz, tinh bt
Cu 26: Th tch dung dch NaOH 0,25M cn cho vo 15 ml dung dch Al 2(SO4)3 0,5M thu c
lng kt ta ln nht l
A. 210 ml
B. 90 ml
C. 180 ml
D. 60 ml
Cch 1:

Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH
2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4.
0,0075
0,045
V = 0,045/0,25 = 0,18 lt = 180 ml
Cch 2: Gii nhanh
0,25V = 3.15 .2.0,5

V = 180 ml

Cu 27: Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Thnh phn chnh ca supephotphat kp gm hai mui Ca(H2PO4)2 v CaSO4
B. Supephotphat n ch c Ca(H2PO4)2
C. Ur c cng thc l (NH2)2CO
D. Phn ln cung cp nit cho cy trng.
HD: A. sai . Thnh phn chnh ca supephotphat kp gm hai mui Ca(H2PO4)2
B. Sai v :Thnh phn chnh ca Supephotphat n gm hai mui Ca(H2PO4)2 v CaSO4
D. sai v: Phn ln cung cp P2O5 cho cy trng.m cung cp N cho cy trng
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
Cu 28: in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi cc in cc bng than ch, thu c m kilogram Al catot v
89,6 m3 (ktc) hn hp kh X anot. T khi ca X so vi H 2 bng 16,7. Cho 1,12 lt X (ktc) phn ng
vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 1,5 gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m
l
A. 115,2
B. 82,8
C. 144,0
D. 104,4
Cu ny ging khi B 2009
Cch 1:

Catot: Al3+ + 3e
Al
Anot: 2O-2 O2 + 4e
a
3a
x
x
4x

C
CO + 2e
y
2y

C
CO2
+ 4e
z
4z
BT e: 3a = 4x +2y +4z
Ta tm x, y,z
Ta c:
Tng s mol kh:x + y + z = 4000
32x + 28y + 44z = 16,7.2.4000 = 133600
V z = 1200
Gii c x = 600, y = 2200
3a == 4x + 2y + 4z = 11600 a =11600/3 mAl = 104,4 kg
Cch 2: Tham kho

C nCO2 = 0,015 mol (chim 0,015 : 0,05 = 30%) trong 4 kmol c 0,3.4 = 1,2 kmol CO2
C h 28nCO + 32nO2 = 16,7.2.4 1,2.44
V n CO + nO2 = 4 1,2 n CO = 2,2 kmol; nO2 = 0,6 kmol
Bo ton oxi c: nAl2O3 = (2,2 + 2.0,6 + 1,2.2) : 3 = 5,8: 3 m Al = 27.5,8.2: 3 = 104,4 kg

Cu 29: Hai cht hu c X v Y, thnh phn nguyn t u gm C, H, O, c cng s nguyn t cacbon

(MX < MY). Khi t cht hon ton mi cht trong oxi d u thu c s mol H 2O bng s mol CO2.
Cho 0,1 mol hn hp gm X v Y phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, thu
c 28,08 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l
A. 60,34%
B. 78,16%
C. 39,66%
D 21,84%
Cch gii:
Do s mol CO2 = H2O nn X, Y u c dng CnH2nOx.
S mol Ag = 0,26 > 2 ln s mol hn hp. Vy hn hp X cha HCHO v HCOOH
S mol HCHO = x, HCOOH = y, ta c: x + y = 0,1 v 4x + 2y = 0,26
Gii ra x = 0,03, y = 0,07
Phn trm ca X = (0,03.30)/(0,03.30 + 0,07.46) = 21,84%
Cu 30: Khi ha tan hon ton m gam mi kim loi vo nc d, t kim loi no sau y thu c th
tch kh H2 (cng iu kin nhit v p sut) l nh nht?
A. Na
B. Ca
C. K
D. Li
Cch 1:
1mol KL kim + H2O 1/2 mol H2
1mol KL kim th + H2O 1 mol H2
Do kl kim to ra s mol t hn m PTK ca K >Na> Li nn n K <nNa< NLi Vy K to ra s mol
H2 t nht
Cch 2:
i vi Na: s mol H2 = m/46
K:
= m/78
Li:
= m/7
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
Ca:
= m/40
Vy K to ra s mol H2 t nht
Cch 3:
M cng ln th s mol cng b hoc C hoc B
Chn 39 gam nH2 = 39: 39 : 2 = 0,5 mol (theo K); cn n H2 (theo Ca) = 39 : 40 = 0,975 mol.

Vy K to ra s mol H2 t nht

Cu 31: Cho 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo 300 ml dung dch NaHCO 3 0,1M, thu c dung
dch X v kt ta Y. Cho t t dung dch HCl 0,25M vo X n khi bt u c kh sinh ra th ht V ml.
Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca V l
A. 80
B.160
C. 60
D. 40
Cch 1:
S mol OH- = 0,04 mol, Ba2+ = 0,02 mol, HCO3- = 0,03 mol
OH- + HCO3-
CO32- + H2O
0,03
0,03
0,03
CO32- + Ba2+
BaCO3
0,02
0,02
0,02
Dung dch X: 0,01 mol CO32- v 0,01 mol OH-.
H+ + OH-
H2O
0,01
0,01

CO32- + H+
HCO30,01
0,01
Vy tng s mol HCl = 0,02 ml, V = 80 ml
Cch 2:
C nCO32- = nHCO3- = 0,03 mol > nBa2+ = 0,02 mol (c 0,02 mol BaCO3)
dung dch X c 0,01 mol CO32V nOH- d = 0,04 0,03 = 0,01 mol,
va bt u xut hin bt kh th nH+ = nOH- + n CO32- = 0,01 + 0,01 =0,02 =0,25V
V =80 ml

Cu 32: Hn hp X gm hai kim loi kim v mt kim loi kim th. Ha tan hon ton 1,788 gam X
vo nc, thu c dung dch Y v 537,6 ml kh H 2 (ktc). Dung dch Z gm H2SO4 v HCl, trong
s mol ca HCl gp hai ln s mol ca H 2SO4. Trung ha dung dch Y bng dung dch Z to ra m gam
hn hp mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,656
B. 4,460
C. 2,790
D. 3,792
Cch 1:
n H2 = 0,024 mol
n OH- trong Y = 0,048 mol
n H+ = OH- = 0,048 mol, do s mol HCl = 0,024 mol, H2SO4 = 0,012 mol
n H2O to ra t phn ng Y v Z = 0,048 mol
BTKL: m = 1,788 + 0,048.17+ 0,024.36,5 + 0,012.98 0,048.18 = 3,792 gam
Cch 2:
C nH2SO4 = x mol; n HCl = 2x mol
4x = 0,024.2 => x = 0,012 mol => m mui = 1,788 + 0,024.35,5 + 0,012.96 = 3,792 gam

Cu 33: Ha tan hon ton Fe3O4 trong dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu c dung dch X. Trong cc
cht: NaOH, Cu, Fe(NO3)2, KMnO4, BaCl2, Cl2 v Al, s cht c kh nng phn ng c vi dung dch
X l
A. 7.
B.4.
C. 6
D. 5
HD:
Cch 1: Fe3O4 +H2SO4 long (d) dung dch X ( Fe2+, Fe3+, SO42-, H+)
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
DD X td c vi:NaOH, Cu, Fe(NO3)2 KMnO4, BaCl2, Cl2 v Al
Cch 2: Dd X cha FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3 v H2SO4 d
FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O

Fe(NO3)2 + H+
Fe3+ + NO + H2O
2+
3+
Fe + ClCl2 + Fe
Cu, Al + Fe3+
Fe2+
2+
Cu 34: Dung dch X cha 0,12 mol Na+; x mol SO4 ; 0,12 mol Cl- v 0,05 mol NH 4 . Cho 300 ml
dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo X n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, lc b kt ta, thu c dung
dch Y. C cn Y, thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,190
B. 7,020
C. 7,875
D. 7,705
Cch 1:
Bo ton in tch trong dd X: 0,12.1 + 0,05.1 = 0,12.1 + 2x
Tm c x = 0,025
S mol Ba2+ = 0,03 mol, OH- = 0,06 mol
Ba2+ + SO42BaSO4.
0,025
0,025
0,025
+
NH4 + OH
NH3 + H2O
0,05
0,05
Dung dch Y: Ba2+ d: 0,005 mol, Na+: 0,12 mol, Cl-: 0,12 mol, OH- d: 0,01
mY = 7,875 gam
Cch 2:

Dung dch X gm NaCl (0,12 mol), v (NH4)2SO4 (0,025 mol)

(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 BaSO4 + 2NH3
Sau phn ng d: 0,005 mol Ba(OH)2 trong dung dch
m= 0,12.58,5 + 0,005.171 = 7,875 gam

Cu 35: Trong cc polime: t tm, si bng, t visco, t nilon-6, t nitron, nhng polime c ngun gc
t xenluloz l
A. t tm, si bng v t nitron
B. t visco v t nilon-6
C. si bng, t visco v t nilon-6
D. si bng v t visco
HD: T tm,si bng thuc polime thin nhin; tnitron, nilon-6 thuc polime bn tng hp
Cu 36: Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm 2,8 gam Fe v 1,6 gam Cu trong 500 ml dung dch hn hp
HNO3 0,1M v HCl 0,4M, thu c kh NO (kh duy nht) v dung dch X. Cho X vo dung dch
AgNO3 d, thu c m gam cht rn, Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton, NO l sn phm kh duy
nht ca N+5 trong cc phn ng. Gi tr ca m l
A. 29,24
B. 30,05
C. 28,70
D. 34,10
Cch 1:
S mol H+ = 0,25 mol, NO3- = 0,05 mol, Fe = 0,05 mol, Cu = 0,025 mol, Cl- = 0,2 mol
Fe +
4H+ + NO3- Fe3+ + NO + 2H2O
Ban u: 0,05
0,25
0,05
Phn ng: 0,05
0,2
0,05
0,05
0,05
Sau p : 0
0,05
0
0,05
0,05
V NO3- ht, Cu phn ng vi Fe3+
Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu2+ + 2Fe2+
0,025 0,05 0,025 0,05
Dung dch X gm: Fe3+ 0,025 mol,Cu2+ :0,025 mol, Fe2+ :0,05 mol, Cl- = 0,2 mol; H+:0,05 mol
Cho X vo AgNO3 xy ra phn ng:
Ag+ + Fe2+ Fe3+ + Ag;
Ag+ + Cl- AgCl
0,05 0,05 0,05
0,2 0,2
0,2
+
-
+
3Ag + 4H + NO3
Ag +NO + 2H2O
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
0,0375
0,05
Cht rn: Ag ( 0,05- 0,0375 =0,0125) v AgCl (0,2 mol)
m = 0,2.143,5 + 0,0125.108 = 30,05
Cch 2: Trn c s cch 1, ta c cch sau
S mol H+ = 0,25 mol, NO3- = 0,05 mol, Fe = 0,05 mol, Cu = 0,025 mol, Cl- = 0,2 mol
Bo ton e: Fe v Fe3+.
3n Fe + 2nCu = n H+ + n Ag+ ( to Ag) => nAg = 0,05.3 + 0,025.2 - 0,25.3 : 4 = 0,0125 mol
Cht rn: Ag v AgCl
m = 0,2.143,5 + 0,0125.108 = 30,05
Cu 37: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 750 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M, thu c m
gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 29,55
B. 9,85
C. 19,70
D. 39,40
Cch 1:
S mol CO2 = 0,1 mol, OH- = 0,3 mol, Ba2+ = 0,15 mol (>CO2)
To mui trung ho CO32- vi s mol = CO2 = 0,1 mol
Khi lng kt ta = 0,1.197 = 19,7 gam
Cch 2:
C n OH- / n CO2 = 3

n BaCO3 = nCO2 = 0,1 mol m = 19,7 gam.

Cu 38: Axit cacboxylic X hai chc (c phn trm khi lng ca oxi nh hn 70%), Y v Z l hai
ancol ng ng k tip (MY < MZ). t chy hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp gm X, Y, Z cn va 8,96
lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c 7,84 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 8,1 gam H2O. Phn trm khi lng ca Y trong
hn hp trn l
A. 15,9%.
B. 12,6%.
C. 29,9%
D. 29,6%
Cch 1:
T s mol CO2: 0,35 mol S C trung bnh: ,35 : 0,2 = 1,75 2 ru l CH4O v C2H6O gi chung l CnH2n + 2
O c s mol l a v axit l CxH yO4 (b mol). Ta c: a + b = 0,2
Bo ton nguyn t oxi c: a + 4b = 0,35.2 + 0,45 0,4.2 = 0,35
Suy ra: a = 0,15 mol ; b = 0,05 mol 0,05.x + 0,15.n = 0,35 v n > 1 x < 4 nn: x = 2 hoc x = 3
Mt khc, % O < 70% => M axit > 64 : 0,7 = 91 nn ch c x = 3 ph hp n =4/3
Vy axit l CH2(COOH)2
Gi nCH3OH ( c), nC2H5OH (d) Ta c : c +d =0,15 ; (c +2d)/0,15 =4/3
c = 0,1 mol % m CH3OH = 3,2 : 10,7.100% = 29,9%

Cch 2:
Do %O trong X< 70% nn MX > 64.100/70 = 91,42, tc l phi c t 3 nguyn t C tr ln
S mol O2 = 0,4 mol, CO2 = 0,35 mol, H2O = 0,45 mol
S nguyn t C trung bnh ca hn hp l 0,35/0,2 = 1,75. s nguyn t H = 4,5
Vy phi c ancol l CH3OH, ancol kt tip l C2H5OH
Theo BT nguyn t O ta c s mol O trong acid X v 2 ancol l: 0,35.2 + 0,45 0,8 = 0,35 mol
t s mol X l x, s mol 2 ancol l y
Ta c: x + y = 0,2 v 4x + y = 0,35
Suy ra: x = 0,05, y = 0,15
CH3OH + 1,5O2
CO2 + 2H2O
a
1,5a
a
2a
C2H5OH + 3O2
2CO2 + 3H2O
b
3b
2b
3b
CxHyO4 + (x + 0,25y-2)O2
x CO2 + 0,5y H2O
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
0,05(x + 0,25y -2)
0,05x
0,025y

0,05
Ta c:
a + b = 0,15 (*)
a + 2b + 0,05x = 0,35 (**)
2a + 3b + 0,025y = 0,45 (***)
V: 1,5a + 3b + 0,05x + 0,0125y 0,1 = 0,4(****)
(**): a + 2b = 0,35 0,05x thay vo (****)
1,5(0,35 0,05x) + 0,05x + 0,0125y = 0,5
Suy ra: 0,025x 0,0125y = 0,025
Tc l: y = 2x-2
Nu x = 3, y = 4 axit X l HOOC-CH2-COOH
Tm c: a = 0,1, b = 0,05
%CH3OH = 3,2/(3,2+ 2,3 + 5,2) = 29,9%
Nu x = 4, y = 6 axit X l HOOC-C2H4 COOH
Tm c: a = 0,15, b = 0. V l

Cu 39: Mt loi nc cng khi un si th mt tnh cng. Trong loi nc cng ny c ha tan nhng
hp cht no sau y?
A. Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2
B. Mg(HCO3)2, CaCl2
C. CaSO4, MgCl2
D. Ca(HCO3)2, MgCl2
HD
y l nc cng tm thi, vy trong nc cha Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2
Cu 40: Cho s phn ng: Al2 (SO 4 )3 X Y Al .
Trong s trn, mi mi tn l mt phn ng, cc cht X, Y ln lt l nhng cht no sau y?
A. Al2O3 v Al(OH)3
B. Al(OH)3 v Al2O3
C. Al(OH)3 v NaAlO2
D. NaAlO2 v Al(OH)3
HD: Al2 (SO4)3 Al(OH)3 Al2O3 Al

II. PHN RING (10 cu)

Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (Phn A hoc Phn B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Mt mu kh thi c cha CO2, NO2, N2 v SO2 c sc vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Trong
bn kh , s kh b hp th l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
HD: CO2, NO2, v SO2
Cu 42: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Hiro ha hon ton glucoz to ra axit gluconic
(b) iu kin thng, glucoz v saccaroz u l nhng cht rn, d tan trong nc.
(c) Xenluloz trinitrat l nguyn liu sn xut t nhn to v ch to thuc sng khng khi.
(d) Amilopectin trong tinh bt ch c cc lin kt -1,4-glicozit
(e) Sacaroz b ha en trong H2SO4 c.
(f) Trong cng nghip dc phm, saccaroz c dng pha ch thuc.
Trong cc pht biu trn, s pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2. D. 5.
HD: C 3 pht biu ng l (b) , (e) , (f)
Chn B
(c) Xenluloz trinitrat l nguyn liu sn xut t nhn to v ch to thuc sng khng khi. , sai t axetat
mi l nhn to
(a) Hiro ha hon ton glucoz to ra axit gluconic => sai (sobitol)
.(d) Amilopectin trong tinh bt ch c cc lin kt -1,4-glicozit => sai c thm -1,6-glicozit

Cu 43: Este no sau y khi phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng khng to ra hai mui?
A. C6H5COOC6H5 (phenyl benzoat).
B. CH3COOC6H5 (phenyl axetat).
C. CH3COO[CH2]2OOCCH2CH3.
D. CH3OOCCOOCH3.
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
HD: Este khi phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng to ra hai mui l este ca phenol hoc este
c hai gc axit khc nhau.
Cu 44: Tin hnh ln men gim 460 ml ancol etylic 8 0 vi hiu sut bng 30%. Bit khi lng ring
ca ancol etylic nguyn cht bng 0,8 g/ml v ca nc bng 1 g/ml. Nng phn trm ca axit axetic
trong dung dch thu c l
A. 2,47%.
B. 7,99%.
C. 2,51%.
D. 3,76%.
Cch gii : ay l bi kh quen thuc

CH3CH2OH + O2
CH3COOH + H2O
0,64
0,64
Th tch C2H5OH nguyn cht = 36,8 ml, khi lng = 29,44 gam
Khi lng CH3COOH thu c: 29,44.60.30%/46 = 11,52 gam
Th tch H2O = 423,2 ml, khi lng H2O = 423,2 gam
Khi lng O2 p = 0,64.30%.32 = 6,144 gam
Khi lng dung dch = 29,44 + 423,2 + 6,144 = 458,784 gam
C% = 2,51%
Cu 45 : Amino axit X c cng thc H2NCX H Y (COOH)2 . Cho 0,1 mol X vo 0,2 lt dung dch
H2SO4 0,5M, thu c dung dch Y. Cho Y phn ng va vi dung dch gm NaOH 1M v KOH
3M, thu c dung dch cha 36,7 gam mui. Phn trm khi lng ca nit trong X l
A. 9,524%
B. 10,687%
C. 10,526%
D. 11,966%
Cch 1: S mol H+ trong dd Y = 0,4 mol
Suy ra s mol OH- = 0,4 mol, vy V dung dch hh NaOH v KOH = 100 ml
BTKL: khi lng X + H2SO4 + NaOH + KOH = mui + H2O
M s mol H2O = 0,4 mol
Vy khi lng X = 36,7 + 7,2 0,1.40 0,3.56 0,1.98 = 13,3
Suy ra: MX = 133, CT X l: NH2-C2H3(COO)2
%N = 14/133 = 10,526%
Cch 2 : C n OH- = n H+ = 0,4 mol
m X = 36,7 + 0,4.18 0,3.56 0,1.40 0,1.98 = 13,3 gam => M X = 133 vC
% N = 10,526%

Cu 46 : Ha tan hon ton 24 gam hn hp X gm MO, M(OH) 2 v MCO3 (M l kim loi c ha tr

khng i) trong 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 39,2% thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) v dung dch Y ch
cha mt cht tan duy nht c nng 39,41%. Kim loi M l
A. Mg
B. Cu
D. Zn
D. Ca
Cch 1:
C m dung dch sau = 24 + 100 0,05.44 = 121,8 gam
m MSO4 = 121,8.0,3941 = 48 gam
Bo ton S c: n MSO4 = n H2SO4 = 39,2 : 98 = 0,4 mol
M = 48 : 0,4 96 = 24 vC

Cch 2 :
S mol CO2 = MCO3 = 0,05 mol
Khi lng dd sau p = 24 + 100 0,05.44 = 121,8 gam
Khi lng MSO4 = 48 gam
S mol H2SO4 = 0,4 mol, ch c cht tan duy nht nn MSO4 = H2SO4 = 0,4
Vy MSO4 = 120, suy ra M = 24
Cu 47: Trong s cc dung dch c cng nng 0,1M di y, dung dch cht no c gi tr pH nh
nht?
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.
A. Ba(OH)2
B. H2SO 4
C. HCl
D. NaOH
HD: Axit c pH nh hn, m H2SO4 2H+ nn chn B
Cu 48: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(a) Cho Al vo dung dch HCl
(b) Cho Al vo dung dch AgNO3
(c) Cho Na vo H2O
(d) Cho Ag vo dung dch H2SO4 long
Trong cc th nghim trn, s th nghim xy ra phn ng l
A. 3
B. 4
C. 1

D.2

HD: Ch c (d) khng xy ra, Chn A

Cu 49 : Cho phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng : 2Cr + 3Sn2+
2Cr3+ + 3Sn
Nhn xt no sau y v phn ng trn l ng?
A. Cr3+ l cht kh, Sn2+ l cht oxi ha B. Sn2+ l cht kh, Cr3+ l cht oxi ha
C. Cr l cht oxi ha, Sn2+ l cht kh
D. Cr l cht kh, Sn2+ l cht oxi ha
Cu 50 : Hirocacbon no sau y khi phn ng vi dung dch brom thu c 1,2-ibrombutan?
A. But-1-en
B. Butan
C. But-1-in
D. Buta-1,3-ien

B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)

Cu 51: Nhng mt thanh st vo dung dch hn hp cha 0,02 mol AgNO3 v 0,05 mol Cu(NO3)2 .
Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng thanh st tng m gam (coi ton b kim loi sinh ra
bm vo thanh st). Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,36
B. 3,60
C. 2,00
D. 1,44
HD: Rt n gin 2mui ht do khi lng thanh st
m = 0,02(108 56 : 2) + 0,05. (64 -56) = 2 gam

N O (k)
Cu 52 : Trong mt bnh kn c cn bng ha hc sau : 2NO2 (k)

2 4
T khi hi ca hn hp kh trong bnh so vi H2 nhit T1 bng 27,6 v nhit T2 bng 34,5.
Bit T1 > T2 . Pht biu no sau y v cn bng trn l ng?
A. Phn ng thun l phn ng ta nhit.
B. Khi tng nhit , p sut chung ca h cn bng gim
C. Khi gim nhit , p sut chung ca h cn bng tng
D. Phn ng nghch l phn ng ta nhit
HD: y l phn ng theo chiu thun lm gim s mol kh. Khi gim nhit m cn bng v
pha gim s mol kh ( do M2 > M1) nn thuc phn ng ta nhit. Chn A
Cu 53 : Hn hp X gm mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h v mt ancol n chc, mch h.
t chy hon ton 21,7 gam X, thu c 20,16 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 18,9 gam H2O . Thc hin phn
ng este ha X vi hiu sut 60%, thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,30
B. 12,24
C. 10,80
D. 9,18
Cch gii:
nCO2 = 0,9 mol; nH2O = 1,05 mol. V nCO2 = 0,9 mol< nH2O = 1,05 mol. Nn acol no n chc
V n ancol = 0,15 mol
BTKL khi lng O2 dng t chy: 36,8 gam S mol O : 2,3 mol
Bo ton nguyn t oxi: Suy ra s mol O trong X : 0,55 mol S mol O trong axit 0,4 mol
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GV: Phng Khc Nguyn- TX Ph Th- Ph Th

Gii chi tit nht tng cu khi B 2013 vi nhiu cch gii khc nhau.

s mol axit 0,2 mol

t cng thc: Cn H2n+ 2 O; Cm H2m O2

0,15.n + 0,2.m = 0,9 => n = 2; m = 3 => m = 0,15.0,6.(46 + 74 18) = 9,18 gam

Cu 54: Cht no di y khi cho vo dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, un nng, khng xy ra phn
ng trng bc?
A. Mantoz
B. Glucoz
C. Fructoz
D. Saccaroz
Chn D: V Mantoz, Glucoz, Fructoz tham phn ng trng bc, cn Saccaroz v poli saccarit
khng tham gia p trng bc,
Cu 55: Cho dy cht sau: isopren, anilin, anehit axetic, toluen, pentan, axit metacrylic v stiren. S
cht trong dy phn ng c vi nc brom l
A. 7
B. 6
C. 5
D. 4
HD: isopren, anilin , anehit axetic, axit metacrylic v stiren Chn C
Hirocacbon no v toluen, amin thm khng p vi Br2
Cu 56: Ha tan mt kh X vo nc, thu c dung dch Y. Cho t t dung dch Y n d vo dung
dch ZnSO4 , ban u thy c kt ta trng, sau kt ta tan ra. Kh X l
A. HCl

B. NO2

C. SO2

D. NH3

HD: NH3 to phc vi hp cht ca Ag, Cu, Zn, Ni. Chn D

Cu 57: un si dung dch gm cht X v KOH c trong C2H5OH , thu c etilen. Cng thc ca X
l

A. CH3CH2Cl

B. CH3COOH

C. CH3CHCl2

D. CH3COOCH = CH2

HD: un si X v KOH c trong C2H5OH , thu c anken( etilen) X l dn xut mono halogen
Vy X l CH3CH2Cl
Cu 58: Trng hp no sau y khng xy ra phn ng?

A. Ag + O3
B. Sn + HNO3 long

C. Au + HNO3 c
D. Ag + HNO3 c

HD:
Chn C, V HNO3 khng td vi Au. Ch c nc cng toan ( 1HNO3:3HCl) mi ha tan c Au
Cu 59 : T nitron (olon) l sn phm trng hp ca monome no sau y?
A. CH2 = C(CH 3) COOCH3
B. CH3COO CH = CH2
C. CH2 = CH CN

D. CH2 = CH CH = CH2

HD: acrilonitrin : CH2 = CH CN trng hp ra T nitron (olon) .

Cu 60: Ha tan hn hp X gm 11,2 gam Fe v 2,4 gam Mg bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu
c dung dch Y. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo Y thu c kt ta Z. Nung Z trong khng kh n
khi lng khng i, thu c m gam cht rn. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m
l
A. 24
B. 20
C. 36
D. 18
HD: m = m Fe2O3 + m MgO = 0,1.160 + 0,1.40 = 20 gam

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