I HC THI NGUYN

KHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN

-------------o0o------------

BO CO BI TP LN
Mn: K thut lp trnh nhng
Gio vin hng dn:V Mnh Thnh
Nhm thc hin gm:
1. Cao Vn Minh
2. V Duy Dng
3. Trn Vn c
4. Lng Mai V Lm
5. Trng Quang Sot
6. o Xun Khang

Thi nguyn, thng 05 nm 2010.

MC LC

Ni dung
Trang
Li ni u...3
ti Mch chng trm...4
I. M u
1. S nguyn l5
2. S mch in...6
3.Sn phm khi hon chnh7
4.Cc linh kin s dng trong mch.....7
II. Phn cng....9
1. Khi cm bin..9
2. Khi x l..10
3. Khi to m thanh..12
III. Phn mm...13
IV. Nguyn tc hot ng......15

LI NI U
Hin nay c rt nhiu cc loi vi iu khin ca cc hng khc
nhau.V d nh h 8051,AVR ca hng Atmel,PIC ca hng
Microchip,vv.
Trong cc loi vi iu khin th ph bin nht Vit Nam hin
nay l chip vi iu khin thuc h 8051. Do 8051(Intel) l 1 trong
nhng chip vi iu khin xut hin sm nht nn n l nn tng
cho s pht trin ca cc h vi iu khin th h sau.V th nn
nu hiu v 8051 th s d dng hn cho vic tm hiu cc chip vi
iu khin khc thuc th h sau. Hn na n c s dng trong
hu ht cc loi in t dn dng nc ta hin nay cho nn
lp trnh cho vi iu khin c a vo chng trnh hc cho
sinh vin.
Qua qu trnh tm hiu v h 8051 trn lp th chng em
tch ly c mt s kin thc c th cho ra i 1 sn phm ca
ring mnh. l mt h thng bo ng n gin m chi tit
chng em s trnh by phn sau trong cun bo co ny.
Chng em xin c cm n thy gio V Mnh Thnh ,ngi
hng dn nhit tnh chng em trong qu trnh t tng tr
thnh sn phm nh hin nay.Trong ln u tin lm mch in
th chng em ht sc c gng,hiu c nhiu vn .Ttuy
nhin khng trnh khi sai st.Mong c s ng gp nhit tnh
ca thy v cc bn.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!

 TI

MCH CHNG TRM

1. tng
Do hin nay nhiu khu vc th ngi dn mt trm rt
nhiu. tng ca chng em l lm 1 mch chng trm
n gin c th gn ca ra vo, c chi ph thp do
c th trang b rng ri, nhng im quan trng nht l
n khng c bn trc tip trn th trng trnh b
b kha.!
2.Hng dn s dng
Bn c th khi ng h thng bng cch bt ngun
cho h thng.Khi c ngi m ca ra vo khi bn vng
nh th h thng s cm nhn s thay i nh sng,do
loa bo ng s ku trong 1 khong thi gian nht
nh.Khi bt c k trm ri th bn c th n nt
RESET khi ng li h thng.Khi bn tr v nh th
bn hy ngt ngun trnh nguy c bn c th tr
thnh k trm!!!
3.Cnh bo
Vic tc ng mnh ti mch c th lm h hng
mch.Do n s khng cn tc dng v s khng c
bo hnh!
Trung tm chm sc khch hng:
+840973801544

I.M u
1.S mch nguyn l

2.S mch in

3.Sn phm hon chnh

Mt trc

Mt sau

4.Cc linh kin s dng trong mch

a.AT89S52

b.Opamp LM324

c.Quang tr

d.in tr

e.Loa

f.LED

g.Transistor

II.Phn cng
1.Khi cm bin
Chc nng ca n l cm nhn s thay i ca nh sng v xut ra mc
0 hoc mc 1 cho u vo ca 89S52.Khi cm bin gm 1 khuch i
thut ton LM324, 2 in tr ,1 quang tr.
Nguyn tc hot ng:
u 2 ca khuch i thut ton s nhn in p l 2,5 V do ta phn p
bng 2 in tr c tr s bng nhau.
Cn u 3 ca khuch i thut
ton s c in p thay i ty thuc
vo in tr ca qung tr.Quang tr
c th thay i in tr ca n t 3k
Ohm n 150k Ohm.
Khi c nh sng th in p st trn
quang tr nh,do in p trn
cc 3 ca Opamp nh hn in p
trn cc 2 ca Opamp,v u ra 1
ca n s mc 0 (0V).
Khi nh sng b ngt th in p st
trn quang tr ln,do th din p
trn P s ln hn in p trn N,u
ra ca Opamp s mc 1 (5V).
9

2.Khi x l
Khi x l gm 1 b vi iu khin 89S52 lm
trung tm.bn cnh l mt khi RESET,1
khi to dao ng.
a. 89S52
C u vo nhn t khi cm bin.
N s x l tn hiu vo xt khi no pht
xung ra cho khi to m thanh
.

b.Khi RESET
Gm 1 phm bm,1 in
t.
Nguyn tc hot ng:
Khi c tc ng vo phm
RESET th vi iu khin
li chng trnh t ban

tr,1
bm
s chy
u.

10

c.Khi to dao ng
Gm 1 b dao ng thach anh c tn s 12MHz ,2 t c tr s 33 pF.
Nguyn tc hot ng:
B dao ng ny t pht ra xung dao ng c tn s 12MHz b vi iu
khin hot ng.
B ny c c im l khng cn cp ngun th n vn c th pht ra
xung chnh xc.

11

3.Khi to m thanh
Gm 1 transistor li NPN C1815,2 in tr, 1 loa, 1LED.
Nguyn tc hot ng:
Khi ny nhn xung t vi iu khin.Tn hiu t chn ra ca vi iu
khin s c khuch i dng khi qua transistor C1815 v qua loa
m bo loa s dng hot ng.

12

III.Phn mm
ORG 0000H
MOV P2,#0H ;
xa cng P2
LJMP MAIN ;
b qua bng vector ngt
ORG 0013H
;
trnh ngt ISR cho INT1
MOV R1,200 ;
np R1=200 (hay C8h)
LAP:
MOV TMOD,#10H ;chn timer 1, mode 1
AGAIN:
MOV TL1,#0 ;
t TL1=0, byte thp
MOV TH1,#0 ;
t TH1=0,byte cao
SETB TR1
;
bt TR1, khi ng b nh thi timer 1
BACK: JNB TF1,BACK ; kim tra c b nh thi
CLR TR1
;dng b nh thi
CLR TF1
;
xa c TF1
CPL P2.1
;
ly b bit P2.1
DJNZ R1,LAP ;
lp li 200 ln
RETI
; bt u chng trnh MAIN
ORG 30H
MAIN:
MOV IE,#10000100B ;cho php ngt di,khi ng chng trnh
ngt cng ngoi 1
HERE: SJMP HERE
;ch cho n khi c ngt
END

13

Bng vector ngt:

Ngt
RESET
Ngt cng ngoi
(INT0)

a ch Rom hexa
0000
0003

Ngt b timer 0
(TF0)

000B

Ngt cng ngoi INT

1(INT1)

0013

Ngt b timer 1 (TF1)

001B

Ngt COM ni tip (RI

v TI)

0023

chn
9
12(P3.2)

13(p3.3)

Da v bng vector ngt ta c th thy mi loi ngt c s lng byte hn

ch ginh ring.
Vd: INT0 (ngt cng ngoi s 1) th c th ginh tng cng l 8 byte
t a ch 0013h n 001Bh.
Do vy bng vector ngt ta s dng lnh LJMP tr n a ch ISR,
v cc byte ri cn li ca ngt s khng c dng n.

14

Thanh ghi ch ca b nh thi TMOD

Thanh ghi TMOD l thanh ghi 8 bit

gate

C/T

M1

M0

gate

C/T

M1

M0

4 bit u l ca timer 1
4 bit sau l ca timer 0
Ch hot ng:
M1

M0

mode

Ch hot ng

Ch b nh thi 13 bit
B nh thi/b m 8 bit, nh t l trc 5
bit

Ch nh thi 16 bit, khng nh t l

trc

15

Ch 8 bit t np li
B nh thi/b m 8 bit t np li. THx lu
gi tr s t np vo TLx mi khi trn

Ch b nh thi chia tch

IV .Nguyn tc hot ng ca mch

Bnh thng nh sng s chiu vo quang tr,u ra ca khuch i
thut ton s mc 0.Khi ny th vi iu khin khng pht ra xung,loa s
khng ku.Khi c s thay i tc l c s chn nh sng chiu vo quang
tr th u ra ca khuch i s mc 1 tc l vi iu khin s pht ra
xung ,loa s ku

Nhn xt chung

Stt

Tn

Nhn xt ring

1
1. Cao Vn Minh
2
2. V Duy Dng
3
3. Trn Vn c

16

4
4. Lng Mai V Lm
5
5.Trng Quang Sot
6
6. o Xun Khang

17