How to make plural.

Most nouns form the plural by adding s or es:

Boat-Boats. Tomato-Tomatoes.

 Singular nouns that end in s already, as well as singular nouns ending in sh, -ch, and x form plurals by adding es.
Sandwich-Sandwiches Wish-Wishes.

 A noun ending in y preceded by a consonant makes the plural with ies: City-Cities. Lady-Ladies.

 Add -s after vowel + y:

A Boy-Two Boys.

A Day-Two Days.

 Nouns on -f or -fe:

A roof-Two roofs. substitute with ves:

A cliff-Two cliffs.

A thief-Two thieves.

A shelf-Two shelves.

 There are some irregular formations for plural nouns: Woman-Women. Child-Children.

 Some nouns have the same form in the singular and in the plural:

Sheep-Sheep.

Species-Species.

 Some nouns have a plural form but take a singular verb:

News-News is.

Darts-Darts is.

 Some nouns have a plural form and take a plural verb:

Jeans-Jeans are.

Trousers-Trousers are.