What is Power? Discuss different types of Power.

Explain which particular type of power is more necessary for a person to be termed as LEADER .
!. """"""" is the ability to influence others that stems from the leader#s desirable traits and characteristics. A. Referent power $. Expert power %. %oerci&e power D. Le'itimate power (. """"" is the ability to inspire confidence and support amon' the people who are needed to achie&e or'ani)ational 'oals. A. *tewardship $. +ana'ement C. Leadership D. +oti&ation ,. Entertainin' clients- bein' a&ailable to outsiders as an or'ani)ational representati&eand escortin' official &isitors are all beha&iors that fit the """"" role of a mana'er. A. spo.esperson $. ne'otiator C. figurehead D. coach and mentor /. When an indi&idual maintains composure when dealin' with a crisis we can conclude that he or she is """"""". A. self-confident $. trustworthy %. emotionally stable D. asserti&e 0. 1wo employees cannot a'ree to compromise. 1heir mana'er inter&enes. 1he mana'er is fillin' the role of A. spo.esperson. $. liaison. C. disturbance handler. D. disseminator.

2. +ana'ers today must consider each of the followin' except A. di&ersity. B. stagnation. %. chan'es in technolo'y. D. chan'es in or'ani)ation flexibility. 3. Which of the followin' is not an assumption of 1heory 4? A. People do not li.e to wor.. $. +ana'ers ha&e to control and coerce employees. C. People are ambitious. D. People prefer to a&oid responsibility. 5. Leadership is a function of6 A. +ana'er- leader and follower $. +ana'er- leader and situation %. +ana'er- 7ollower and situation D. Leader, ollower and situation 8. 1he administrati&e assistant for the president of Le&er $rothers of Pa.istan has held that 9ob for thirty:fi&e years. When the staff needs to accomplish a tas.- they often 'et her ad&ice. *he has which power? A. !xpert $. Reward %. Le'itimate D. %oerci&e !;. +R. <eshan- +ana'er $ata Pa.istan is primarily concerned with efficiency and performance of his subordinates. Accordin' to the +ichi'an studies he exhibits which leader beha&ior? A. "ob-centered $. Employee:centered %. =nitiatin':structure D. %onsideration

Q#1. Managing resistance to change that is _____ is extremely challenging. a. passive b. resolute c. deferred d. explicit Q#2. All of the following are sources of organi ational resistance to change except! a. structural inertia b. security c. limited focus of change d. threat to established power relationships Q#". #onflict is functional if it _____. a. is accepted by all members of a group b. is satisfying to the individual members of the group c. causes group members to argue d. none of the above Q#$ %hich is not a wea&ness of group decision ma&ing' a. (t is time consuming. b. There is less originality. c. (t suffers from ambiguous responsibility. d. (t can be dominated by one or a few members. Q#). %hat is brainstorming' a. a techni*ue used to build group cohesiveness b. a techni*ue that tends to restrict independent thin&ing c. a process for generating ideas d. a process used mainly when group members cannot agree on a Q#+. %hen employees are re*uired to follow their ,ob description or to comply with company policies- communication is performing a.n/ ______ function. a. control b. motivation c. emotional expression d. information Q#0. 1he product of a sender2s encoding is the _____. a. channel b. message c. transmission d. medium Q#3. %hich of the following is not true' a. 1heory 4 aligns with the participative management style. b. 5mployee involvement programs provide intrinsic motivation. c. 1heory 6 aligns with the autocratic management style. d. Employee involvement is incompatible with ERG theory .

Q#7. 1wo managers are tal&ing about how they get the best out of their employees! Ali! 8( tell my employees that times are tough and there is no way of telling when the guys in head office might try to downsi e. 9et me tell you- a bit of fear &eeps them focused on the tas& at hand.: ;hahid 8( tell them that head office is ma&ing them more responsible for deciding how to do their wor&. 1he increased sense of ownership they have ma&es productivity go way up: <ow would these managers be best characteri ed by =ouglas Macgregor' a. >oth hold 1heory 6 assumptions b. >oth hold 1heory 4 assumptions c. ;hahid holds 1heory 6 assumptions- Ali holds 1heory 4 assumptions d. Ali holds Theory X assumptions, Shahid holds Theory assumptions Q#1?. %hich of the following is not an example of upward communication' a. performance reports prepared by lower management for top management review b. informing employees of policies c. suggestion boxes d. grievance procedures Q#1. %hich of the following statements about personality is correct' a. @ersonality is always stable. b. @ersonality is a part of a person. c. !ersonality is an aggregate whole. d. @ersonality is for the most part comprised of traits that cannot be measured. Q#2 4ou wish to hire a person who is innovative- individualistic- versatileand entrepreneurial. #andidates for this position would ideally have what classification on the MyersA>riggs 1ype (ndicator' a. (B1Cs b. 5;1Cs c. E"T!s d. (;D@s Q#" Motivation is best defined as a process that _____. a. results in a level of effort b. intensifies an individual2s efforts c. accounts for an individual#s efforts toward attaining a goal

d. meets an individual2s needs Q#$ %hat are the three &ey elements of motivation' a. reactance- congruence and circumstance b. interest- activity and reward c. awareness- effort and outcome d. intensity, direction and persistence Q#) Maslow2s hierarchy has five levels of needs. %hich of the following is not one of those levels' a. safety needs b. social needs c. animal needs d. selfAactuali ation needs Q#+. <unger- thirst- sex- pay- and physical wor& environment are examples of which of Alderfer2s needs' a. e$istence b. safety c. growth d. physiological Q#0 <ow would a 1heory 6 manager view employees' a. see&ing responsibility b. needing to be coerced to achieve goals c. viewing wor& as a normal daily activity d. exercising self control Q#3 %hat other name is the twoAfactor theory &nown by' a. 1heories 6 and 4 b. %otivator&'ygiene Theory c. <ierarchy of Beeds 1heory d. ;atisfactionE=issatisfaction 1heory Q#7 %hat continuum in the twoAfactor theory is made up of the hygiene factors' a. no dissatisfaction to dissatisfaction. b. no dissatisfaction to satisfaction. c. satisfaction to no satisfaction. d. satisfaction to dissatisfaction. Q#1? Mc#lelland2s theory of needs concentrates on which three needs' a. achievement- reali ation and acceptance b. achievement, power and affiliation c. power- acceptance and confirmation d. affiliation- control and reali ation 1. Which of the following is an accurate statement about transformational leaders? A. They clarify task requirements.

B. They focus on tasks and pay little attention to followers. C. They are poor moti ators. D. They exhibit more than just charisma. !. A leader" such as Bill #ates of $icrosoft" who can inspire followers abo e their own self%interests and can ha e a profound effect on their performance" are known as &&&&&&&&&&&&&. A. Transactional leaders B. 'irecti e leaders C. (nformational leaders D. Transformational leaders ). *iedler+s least%preferred coworker questionnaire seeks to measure what leadership factor? A. ,ubordinate needs B. Leaders style C. ,ituation '. ,ubordinate coworker influence -. According to the .hio ,tate studies" which of the following dimensions of leader beha ior refers to the e/tent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and the roles of group members in the search for goal attainment? A. (ntelligence structure B. 0sychological structure C. Initiating structure '. Consideration structure 1. 2esearch on managerial acti ities found that managers typically spend the most time3 A. (n their office B. With subordinates C. 2eading and writing reports" memos" and correspondence D. In informal meetings 4. What is the most common element in definitions of leadership? A. leadership is an authority relationship B. leadership is the ability to make good decisions C. leadership is an attribution made by followers D. leadership is an influence process 5. 0articipati e leadership is best iewed as a combination of which two approaches for studying leadership? A. Trait and beha ior B. 0ower%influence and trait C. Behavior and po er!influence '. Trait and situational 6. 2ecent leadership theories such as charismatic and transformational leadership3 A. 7mphasi8e rational processes more than rational processes

B. "mphasi#e emotional processes more than rational processes C. 'escribe emotional and rational processes as equally important '. 'e%emphasi8ed both rational and emotional processes 9. $ost leadership theories emphasi8e3 $. Leader characteristics B. *ollower characteristics C. Both leader and follower characteristics '. Characteristics of the leadership situation 1:. 2esearch by *iedler unco ered three contingency dimensions that define the key &&&&&&&&&&. $. %ituational factors for determining leader effectiveness B. *ollower factors for determining leader effecti eness C. ;eader beha ioral style factors for determining leader effecti eness 7. ,ituational factors for determining follower effecti eness. 11. Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true? A. All leaders are managers. B. *ormal rights enable managers to lead effecti ely. C. All managers are leaders. D. &on!sanctioned leadership is as important as or more important than formal influence. 1!. (f trait theories of leadership are alid" then leaders are &&&&&. A. Trained B. Born C. Authoritarian '. 7ducated 1). (f beha ioral leadership theories are correct" then &&&&&. A. leadership beha iors are consistent B. leaders are born with leadership beha iors C. leaders+ beha ior should be altered D. leadership s'ills can be trained 1-. According to the $anagerial #rid" managers perform best using which of the following styles? $. ()( B. consideration C. contingency '. de elopment%oriented 11. Beha ioral theories fail to consider which of the following elements affecting leadership? A. Traits B. %ituational factors C. 7mployee satisfaction '. 7mployee turno er

14. Which of the following proposed a contingency theory? $. *iedler B. ,urber C. #rey '. 'eickman 15. According to $int8berg" which type of role is likely to get the highest priority? A. 7ntrepreneur B. ,pokesperson C. Disturbance handler '. <egotiator 16. (n a crisis situation" effecti e leaders are likely to3 A. Consult with subordinates B. 2educe their e/posure C. Act more considerate D. $ct more decisive 19. What is the primary management function in the initial stage of the organi8ational life cycle? A. Coordinating work acti ities B. +btaining resources C. (ncreasing member moti ation '. (mpro ing efficiency !:. Which of the following is not an e/ample of (nitiating ,tructure as defined in the .hio ,tate studies? A. ;etting subordinates know what is e/pected of them B. Critici8ing poor work C. Consulting ith subordinates before ma'ing changes '. Coordinating the acti ities of subordinates
=>1 What sort of groups are defined by the organi8ation+s structure? a. informal b. task c. friendship d. formal =>! ?ami8" Ali and Ahsan work in different departments" but often eat lunch together. They are an e/ample of what type of group? a. formal b. informal c. command d. task =>) Which of the following statements most accurately describes interest groups? a. They are longer lasting than friendship groups. b. They de elop because indi idual members ha e one or more common characteristics. c. They are formed because of some common objective . d. They are go erned by labor laws. =>- 2esearch indicates that poor &&&&& is probably the most frequently cited source of

interpersonal conflict. a. moti ation b. leadership c. training d. communication =>1 Clarification to employees about how well they are doing" and what can be done to impro e performance" are e/amples of which function of communication? a. information b. control c. motivation d. emotional e/pression =>4 The communication used by managers to pro ide @ob instructions is &&&&& communication. a. do n ard b. lateral c. formal d. directional =>5 Which of the following is an e/ample of downward communication flow? a. suggestion bo/es b. en elope attitude sur eys c. feedbac' on job performance d. identifying with and discussing problems with the boss =>6. All of the following are e/amples of downward communication flows e/cept &&&&&. a. managers assigning goals b. managers informing employees of procedures c. managers pointing out problems that need attention d. employees completing attitude surveys =>9 Communication messages that are passed through a big number of people will most likely suffer from which of the following? a. disruption b. distortion c. lack of non% erbal cues d. decoding =>1: The &&&&& communication network is best illustrated by an unstructured committee. a. wheel b. all!channel c. interpersonal d. circle =>11 The most effecti e communication network for facilitating the emergence of a leader is &&&&&. a. chain b. all%channel c. heel d. direct =>1! An informal communication network is typically called a &&&&&. a. gossip monger b. grapevine c. chain

d. free acting system =>1) Which of the following is a phenomenon in which group pressures for conformity deter the group from critically appraising unusual" minority" or unpopular iews? a. group conformity b. groupshift c. groupthin' d. compromise =>1- According to $aslow" when does a need stop moti ating? a. hen it is substantially satisfied b. it ne er stops moti ating c. when one returns to a lower le el need d. when one chooses to mo e to a higher le el need =>11 What is the primary organi8ational factor that satisfies people+s physiological needs? a. their relationships with co%workers b. recognition c. pay d. admiration =>14. 'esires for associations with those who are significant to us" such as family members" super isors" and friends" are e/amples of Alderfer+s &&&&& needs. a. e/istence b. relatedness c. association d. esteem =>15 72#+s &&&&&& needs include the intrinsic component from $aslow+s esteem category and the characteristics included under self%actuali8ation. a. e/istence b. relatedness c. gro th d. physiological =>16. Which one of the following is not characteristic of 72# theory? a. (t proposes three le els of needs3 e/istence" relatedness" and growth. b. $ore than one le el of needs may ser e as moti ators at the same time. c. (t in ol es a frustration%regression process. d. The existence needs must be satisfied before the relatedness needs become important. e. (t is an e/tension and impro ement of $aslow+s theory. =>19. (n what way are Theory A and Theory B managers alike? a. they are skeptical about their employees+ ability to operate independently b. they ha e a negati e iew of human beha ior c. they acknowledge that people in the workplace are mostly moti ated by higher order needs d. their behavior follo s their assumptions =>!:. A Theory B manager would assume that employees would &&&&&. a. dislike work b. need to be controlled c. a oid responsibility d. exercise self direction

Which of the followin' is not included in the definition of conflict? a. Perception b. Disruption of tas.s c. *omethin' that is cared about d. >e'ati&e effects ( Which of the followin' is not one of the &iews of conflict? a. 1raditional b. ?uman relations c. =nteractionist d. 7unctional , 1he traditional &iew of conflict ar'ues that conflict """"". a. ?elps to 'enerate discussion b. %an be a&oided c. =mpro&es producti&ity d. +ust be a&oided / 1he """""" &iew of conflict ar'ues that conflict arises from mana'ement failure. a. ?uman relations b. =nteractionist c. 1raditional d. 7unctional 0 1he human relations &iew of conflict ad&ocates """"" conflict. a. Encoura'in' b. @pen communication for resol&in' c. Aroup therapy for resol&in' d. Acceptance of conflict 2 Which method is used to enhance the s.ills of the current or new employees to perform current 9ob more efficiently? a. 1rainin' b. De&elopment c. =mpro&ement d. Bob rotation 3 Which method is used to enhance the s.ills of the current or new employees to perform future 9obs more efficiently? a. 1rainin'

b. De&elopment c. =mpro&ement d. Bob rotation 5 An or'ani)ation that has de&eloped the continuous capacity to adapt and chan'e is termed aCnD """"". a. %ontinuous impro&ement process b. =nno&ati&e or'ani)ation c. Double:loop learnin' or'ani)ation d. Learnin' or'ani)ation 8 """"" in&ol&es correctin' errors usin' past routines and present policies. a. Process reen'ineerin' b. *in'le:loop learnin' c. Double:loop learnin' d. %ontinuous impro&ement process !; Which of the followin' is an example of a piece:rate plan? a. 1ime and a half for o&ertime b. Rs. !0 for each unit produced c. Producti&ity bonus d. %ommission !! +uch of the compensation of Ali traders is in the form of stoc. options. 1he amount of options distributed is based on the companyEs net profits. What sort of compensation plan is this? a. Profit:sharin' b. Aainsharin' c. +erit based d. Esop !( What is the term used for a pay plan where pay le&els are based on how many s.ills employees ha&e or how many 9obs they can do? a. A &ariable pay plan b. 7lexible pay c. %ompetency:based pay d. Aainsharin' !, *.ill:based pay plans are not consistent with which of the followin' theories?. a. ERA theory

b. 1he achie&ement need c. Reinforcement theory d. 1wo:factor theory !/ Payin' people to expand their s.ill le&els is consistent with which need? a. Affiliation b. Achie&ement c. *ocial d. *ecurity !0 Why are flexible benefit plans consistent with expectancy theoryEs thesis? a. 1hey allow or'ani)ations to minimi)e costs associated with benefits b. 1hey pro&ides a suite of tan'ible rewards that can be offered as moti&ation c. @r'ani)ational rewards should be lin.ed to each indi&idual employeeEs 'oals d. 1hey ma.e employment at firms pro&idin' such pro'rams more attracti&e !2 Which of the followin' types of teams allows for collaboration between team members who are physically dispersed? a. Local b. =nteracti&e c. Firtual d. Alobal !3 Which is not one of the primary factors that differentiate &irtual teams from faceto: face teams? a. 1he absence of non&erbal cues b. Limited social context c. Decreased satisfaction with wor. processes d. 1he ability to o&ercome time and space constraints !5 Which of the followin' is not the benefit of &irtual teams? a. Defined and a'reed roles b. Aeo'raphically dispersed members c. Aroup interaction and cohesion d. Effecti&e lines of communication !8 Which of the followin' is >@1 a role in team meetin's? a. Primary facilitator b. +inute ta.er c. 1ime .eeper

d. Disturbance handler (; *endin' the minutes of the meetin' is part of """"""""""""""" a. Plan b. %onduct c. %lose d. 7ollow: