MICROORGANISMS

MEANING OF
MICROORNISMS
• Micro – tiny (seni)
• Organisms – living things (benda
hidup)
• Can found all around us.
• Can found in the air, water, food,
soil(tanah) and in our bodies.
• Microorganisms are so small that we
cannot see them with naked eye.
• Use microscope to see
microorganisms.
 bacteria

protozoa
Types of
Microorganisms virus

fungi
 BACTERIA
• Very tiny
• Exist (wujud) in different shapes,
sizes and colours.
• Can found in the air, water, soil, and
on the surface that you touch.
• Can reproduce (membiak)very fast
under suitable temperature(suhu),
and with enough water and food.
 BACTERIA
• Most active in places that are warm,
dark, maist (lembap) and dirty.
• Most kinds of bacteria are harmless,
and many are even helpful.
• Cause diseases such as
diarhoea(cirit-birit), sore
throat(sakit kerongkong).
 VIRUS
• Are the smallest microorganisms
• Can only be seen using the most
powerful microscope.
• Can infect plants, animals and
bacteria.
• Colds and flu (demam selesema) are
caused by viruses.
• Virus are responsible for many
serious and sometimes deadly
diseases likes AIDS and H1N1.
 PROTOZOA
• Are langer than viruses and bacteria.
• Usually live in water. (ponds, lakes,
river)
• Can be harmless or harmful.
• Malaria is one diseases cause by a
type of protozoa.
 FUNGI
• Are the largest of four types of
microorganisms.
• Mushrooms(cendawan),
moulds(kulapuk), yeast(yis) are
example of fungi.
• Can be found on mouldy(roti yang
lembap), rotten food(makanan basi),
and trees.
 FUNGI
• Fungi get their food from dead
organisms or dead matter on an
organism
• Reproduces from spores(spora).
Mushroom is an example of fungi that
reproduces from spores.
• Some fungi, like yeast are so small
that we need a microscope to see
them
 LIFE PROCESSES THAT
MICROORGANISMS UNDERGO

• Microorganisms are breathing

(bernafas)
• Yeast is an example of
microorganisms.
 Microorganisms Breathe
Aim : To show that miroorganism (yeast)breathes
Appratus & Material :
1 cup of flour
½ cup of dried yeast
1 teaspoon of sugar
Procedure:
4. All the ingredients are mixed.
5. The mixture is stirred(dikacau) well to make a dough.
6. The dough is covered with damp cloth(kain lembap) and
place in warm spot(tempat hangat)
7. The mixture is left 20 minutes
Observation (pemerhatian) :
After 20 minutes the dough rises (mengembang)

Explanation:
When the yeast breathes, it releases carbon
dioxide. This carbon dioxide causes the dough rises.

Conclusion:
Breathing by yeast produces carbon dioxide which
causes the dough to rise.
 MICROORGANISMS
GROWING (MEMBESAR)
Aim : To show that microorganisms
(bread mould) grows.
Apparatus & materials :
Bread, water, plastic bag, rubber
band, plastic knife and magnifying
glass.
Procedures :
1. A slice of bread is prepared.
2. Water is lightly sprinkled onto the
surface of the bread.
3. The bread is put in the plastic bag.
4. The plastic bag is tied up with a
rubber band and place in a warm
place.
5. The bread is observed using a
magnifying glass after a few days.
Observation :
Greenish blue patches(tompok-tompok biru)
were seen on the surface of the bread.

Discussion:
The coloured patches on the bread are the
bread mould (kulapuk roti)

Conclusion :
Microorganisms grow when there is food and
the surrounding conditions are suitable.
 MICROORGANISM
MOVING (BERGERAK)
Aim : to show that mocroorganism
move
Apparatus & material :
Glass, slide, slide cover, microscope,
droper(penitis) and sample of water
of water.
Procedure:
2.Sample of water are collected from
ponds or rivers.
2. A dropper is used to place a
droplet of water sample on a glass
slide.
3. The water sample is then covered
with the slide cover.
4. The slide is observed under a
microscope.
Observation :
A lot of tiny things are seen moving
about in the water.

Conclusion :
Microorganisms can move.
miroorganisms yeast mould Living virus
things

Microorganisms
1. _______________ cannot be seen with the naked
eyes.
2. _______________
Yeast and mould are examples of fungi.
Virus
3. _______________ are the smallest microorganisms.
Mould
4. _______________ grows on the surface of bread.
5. Things which carry out life processes are called
living things
____________.
Table below shows the results of an
investigation carried out by a group of students
from year 5 teratai to find out if water
necessary for microorganisms to grow. They
heated a piece of bread in the toaster to dry it
and sprinkled a few drops of water on another
piece. The pieces of bread were left at a dark
corner of the science laboratory for 4 days.
Starting of Original Dried in Sprinkled
investigation
bread toaster with water
After 4 Two black No black Many black
days patches patch at patches
all
a) What is the aim of this Investigation ?

To find out if water is necessary for microorganisms to grow

______________________________________________
b) In the investigation, state

bread
i. what was kept the same : _______________________

Presence of water
ii. What was made different : _________________________

Amount of black patches

iii. What to observe : ________________________________
c). What can be concluded from this investigation ?

Microorganisms need water to grow.

______________________________________________