SHAHBAZ SIDDIQUI(100106312) SHUBHAM TIWARI(100106334) SHUBHANSHU TRIPATHI(100106335) TUSHAR CHAUHAN(100106358)

Machines which convert hydraulic energy(energy possessed by water) into mechanical energy(which is further converted into electrical energy)Turbines.

Machines which convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy-Pumps.

2

 Hydraulic Turbines convert hydraulic energy of water into mechanical energy which is further converted into electrical energy. This energy obtained is know as hydro-electric power which is one of the cheapest forms of energy generation. Hydraulic turbines consist of Pelton Wheel, Francis and Kaplan Turbine.
3

Difference between impulse turbines and reaction turbines

Impulse Turbine All the available fluid energy is converted in kinetic energy. Reaction Turbine Only a portion of fluid energy is converted into kinetic energy.

Blades are in action only when they are in the front of the nozzle.
Water may be allowed to enter a part or whole of the wheel circumference. The wheel does not run full and air has free access to the buckets.

Blades are in action all the time.

Water is admitted over the circumference of the wheel.

Water completely fills the vane passages throughout the operation of the turbine. There is always a loss when the flow is regulated.
5

There is no loss when the flow is regulated.

General layout of a Hydro-Electric Power Plant

 In a Pelton Wheel or Pelton Turbine water strikes the vanes along the tangent of the runner and the energy available at the inlet of the turbine is only kinetic energy, therefore it is a tangential flow impulse turbine. This turbine is used for high heads and named after L.A Pelton, an American engineer.

 The high speed water coming out of the nozzle strikes the splitter which divides the jet into two equal streams. These stream flow along the inner curve of the bucket and leave it in the direction opposite to that of incoming jet. The high pressure water can be obtained from any water body situated at some height or streams of water flowing down the hills. The change in momentum (direction as well as speed) of water stream produces an impulse on the blades of the wheel of Pelton Turbine. This impulse generates the torque and rotation in the shaft of Pelton Turbine.
9

Pelton Turbine
Large heads (from 100 meter to 1800 meter) Relatively small flow rate Maximum of 6 nozzles Good efficiency over a Wide range

10

11

12

13

14

15

Efficiency of a Turbine

16

17

THANK YOU

18