Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

Chapter No 2 COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES

REVISION Data! "a# $acts, figures, events and transactions are called data I!"ormat#o! Meaning full data is called information or processed data is called information% Comp$ter Computer is an electronic device #hich ta&es some input% process it, and produce output& Compo!e!ts o" 'omp$ter Input, 'utput, C()

WHAT IS INPUT?
Input is any data or instructions entered to the computer. Input can be in the form of audio, video, graphics and animations and instructions

WHAT ARE INPUT DEVICES?

Any hardware component used to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer Examples Key Board Mouse Digital Camera Webcam canner etc

WHAT IS HARDWARE?
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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

*he term hardware refers to the physical parts of the computer. Computer hard#are is versatile+#hat it does depends on the computer program you use. All components #hich are tangible ,touchable- are called .ard#are /0amples! Mic, Keyboard,.ard Dis&, canner, (rinter etc WHAT IS SOFTWARE? Software is the set of instructions ,also called a program- that guides the hard#are through its 1ob. *hat tells the computer #hat to do2 And ho# to do it2 All components #hich are non tangible ,3ot *ouchable- are called soft#are. /0amples! Ms 'ffice, 'perating ystems, Adobe photo shop etc

Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

() *E+,OARD
De"#!#t#o! 4Keyboard is an input device, that contain &eys user press to enter data or instructions in to the computer%. 5ou enter most input data into the computer by using a &eyboard. *his input method is similar to typing on a type#riter. Most type#riter and computer &eyboards are -WERT+ .e/0oar1s. *he alphabetic &eys are arranged so that the upper+left ro# of letters begins #ith the si0 letters Q W E R T Y. Designers of other &eyboards claim that their boards are easier to learn than the 6W/"*5 &eyboard.

*E+S OF *E+,OARD Computer &eyboards include &eys that are designed to perform specific tas&s. *hese &eys enable the user to perform comple0 tas&s easily #hen using the application. $or e0ample, many applications use a function &ey to access online help for the user. Keyboard &eys consist of Alphabetic &eys 3umerical &eys ymbols $unctional &eys /0tra &eys

Alpha0et#' .e/s contain alphabets from A+7 8 a+9

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

N$mer#'al .e/s contain numbers :+; S/m0ols .e/s contain many symbols li&e <, =, >, ?, @ etc F$!'t#o!al .e/s contain fA+fAB, design for special purpose #ill discuss latter. Extra .e/s contain /sc, Alt, Ctrl, Bac&space, /nter etc

2) POINTIN2 DEVICES

De"#!#t#o! A pointing device is an input device #hich is used to control a pointer on a screen. (ointer is a small symbol on a screen. A po#!t#!3 1e4#'e is an input interface ,specifically a human interface device- that allo#s a user to input spatial ,i.e., continuous and multi+dimensional- data to a computer. CAD systems and graphical user interfaces ,C)I- allo# the user to control and provide data to the computer using physical gestures D point, clic&, and drag D for e0ample, by moving a hand+ held mouse across the surface of the physical des&top and activating s#itches on the mouse. Movements of the pointing device are echoed on the screen by movements of the pointer ,or cursor- and other visual changes.

2&() MOUSE
De"#!#t#o! 4Mouse is an input device that fits under palm of hand and Controls movement of pointer, also called mouse%
*he mouse is a palm+si9e device #ith a ball built into the bottom. *he mouse is usually connected to the computer by a cable ,computer #ires are freEuently called cables- and may have from one to four buttons ,but usually t#o-. Mice come in many shapes and si9es. When you move the mouse over a smooth surface, the ball rolls, and the pointer on the display screen moves in the same direction.

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices With the mouse, you can dra#, select options from a menu, and modify or move te0t. 5ou issue commands by pointing #ith the pointer and clic&ing a mouse button. In addition to minimi9ing typing errors, a mouse ma&es operating a microcomputer easier for beginning.

T+PES OF MOUSE *here are three types of mouse A. Mechanical mouse B. 'ptical mouse F. Wireless mouse

MECHANICA5 MOUSE *he mouse that contains a metal or rubber ball on its under side. When the ball is rolled in any direction, sensors inside the mouse detect this motion and move the on+screen mouse pointer in the same direction ,picture above-.

OPTICA5 MOUSE An opt#'al mo$se uses a light+emitting ,laser- to detect movement relative to the underlying surface.

WIRE5ESS MOUSE Wireless mice usually #or& via radio freEuencies commonly referred to as "$. "$ #ireless mice reEuire t#o components to #or& properly a radio transmitter and a radio receiver.

2&2) 6O+ STIC*

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

A 1oystic& is a pointing device often used for playing games. *he 1oystic& has a gearshift+li&e lever that is used to move the pointer on the screen. 'n most 1oystic&s, a button on the top is used to select options. In industry and manufacturing, 1oystic&s are used to control robots. $light simulators and other training simulators also use 1oystic&s.

2&7) TRAC*,A55
A trackball is li&e an upside+do#n mouse. )sed similarly to the mouse, the trac&ball is freEuently attached to or built into the &eyboard. *he main advantage of a trac&ball is that it reEuires less des& space than a mouse. , ome individuals in the computer industry believe that the mouse #ill soon be replaced by devices that do not reEuire as much space to use.*he mouse is not practical for people using a laptop computer in a small space. /arly alternatives, such as trac&balls clipped to the side of the &eyboard, have not proved satisfactory. *he IBM *hin&(ad replaces the trac&ball #ith a red plastic button, called a track point, located in the middle of the &eyboard. 5ou move the button #ith your thumbs.

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

2&8) TOUCHPAD
A touch pad is a device for pointing ,controlling input positioning- on a computer display screen. It is an alternative to the mouse. 'riginally incorporated in laptop computers, touch pads are also being made for use #ith des&top computers. A touch pad #or&s by sensing the userGs finger movement and do#n#ard pressure.

2&9) TOUCHSCREEN
A touch screen is a computer display screen that is also an input device. *he screens are sensitive to pressureH a user interacts #ith the computer by touching pictures or #ords on the screen.

2&:) DI2ITA5 PEN

A digital pen is a battery+operated #riting instrument that allo#s the user to digitally capture a hand#ritten note or dra#ing. *ypically, a digital pen comes #ith a )niversal erial Bus ,) B- cradle to let the user upload the hand#ritten notes to a personal computer ,(C-.

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

*he pen loo&s li&e a regular ball+point pen and can be used as such, but reEuires special digital paper if the user #ishes to digitally capture #hat he has #ritten. A page of digital paper, #hich can be purchased in traditional pad or stic&y+note si9e, has small dots on it that allo# the pen to IseeI #hat has been #ritten.

2&;) 5I2HT PEN

A light+sensitive stylus #ired to a video terminal used to dra# pictures or select menu options. *he user brings the pen to the desired point on screen and presses the pen button to ma&e contact. Contrary to #hat it loo&s li&e, the pen does not shine light onto the screenH rather, the screen beams into the pen. creen pi0els are constantly being refreshed. When the user presses the button, the pen senses light, and the pi0el being illuminated at that instant identifies the screen location.

2&<) WHEE5
teering #heels are gaming devices used in driving games. All steering #heel controllers come #ith a #heel, accelerator, and bra&eH some steering #heel controllers allo# ImanualI ,i.e., gear+to+ gear- shifting, #hile others only have high+lo# or for#ard+reverse options. A #hole range of racing #heels have been developed to ma&e the e0perience of driving more realistic. And #ith the development of force feedbac& you can feel the actual resistance particular types of steering have. $or e0ample, riding a motorcycle is Euite different than flying a helicopter or driving a car or tan&.

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

7) ,IOMETRIC DEVICES
A Ibiometric deviceI is any device that measures a biological function or trait. it identifies persons see&ing access to a computing system by determining their physical characteristics through fingerprints, voice recognition, retina patterns, pictures, #eight, or other means.

7&() VOICE RECO2NITION

A system in #hich the computer recogni9es human speech and transforms the recorded #ords into computer+readable digiti9ed te0t or instruction. *he conversion of spo&en #ords into computer te0t. peech is first digiti9ed and then matched against a dictionary of coded #aveforms. *he matches are converted into te0t as if the #ords #ere typed on the &eyboard.

7&2) THUM, IMPRESSION

Biometrics can be defined as an automatic method for identification or identity verification of individuals using physiological or behavioral characteristics.

Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

7&7) SI2NATURE VERIFICATION

Digital signature unit capture and save signatures as people sign on the JCD touch screens. *hese signatures can be saved for use to electronically sign documents, customer signature verification for (' transactions, or employee authentication. Cet your electronic signature capture system today.

7&8) RETINA SCANNER

"etina scanner is used to map the uniEue patterns of a personGs retina. it uses the uniEue patterns on a personGs retina to identify them. It is used for authentication and identification purposes. "etinal scanning has been utili9ed by several government agencies including the $BI, CIA, and 3A A. .o#ever, in recent years, retinal scanning has become more commercially popular. "etinal scanning has been used in prisons, for A*M identity verification and the prevention of #elfare fraud.

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

7&9) FACE RECO2NITION

*he ability to recogni9e people by their facial characteristics. *he most advanced technology , #hich maps the characteristics of a personGs face into a multidimensional face space. *he computer can distinguish the same person #ith different appearancesH for e0ample, #ith or #ithout glasses, change of hair style and seasonal s&in color changes. It also uses in some secret agencies.

8) MIC= HEAD PHONE

Both are input devices #hich are related to audio input. *hese device is used to enter sound in to the system for processing. It can be used in chatting, video conferencing, music or #henever #e #ant to interact #ith the computer from voice input.

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Chapter No 2: Components of Computer-Input Devices

9) DI2ITA5 CAMERA
A digital camera can be used to ta&e pictures. It can be hoo&ed up to a computer to transfer the pictures from the camera to the computer. it use light sensitive processing chip to capture pictures or images We can save these images #here ever #e #ant can be a CD, Computer dis&, ) B drive or can transfer from one computer to other computer or device.

:) DI2ITA5 SCANNER
A scanner is used to copy pictures or other things and save them as files on the computer. A scanner is similar to a photocopier, e0cept that instead of producing a paper copy of the document you place on it, you get an electronic copy #hich appears on your computer screen. *his is very important input device use to convert a hardcopy file ,printed paper- to a softcopy ,image or display file-.

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