Programming PLCs using LADDER Logic

Presentation Outline
Review of Ladder Programming
Keyence PLC Ladder Builder

Example 1: Motor Control

Example 2: Drill Control

Example 3: Traffic Light

Programming the PLC

Ladder Logic Diagrams
Function Block Diagrams

Sequential Function Charts

Instruction List

Structured Text
High-Level Language

PLC Scan Cycle

Read Inputs

Execute Program

Update Outputs

Ladder Logic Execution

Rungs of Ladder diagram are solved from Left to right and top to bottom Branches within rungs are solved top left to bottom right
Ladder Rung A B F I G D E

Left Power Rail

Right Power Rail

Branch

P
J

H S K R

Basic Ladder Programming

Basic Ladder Programming

Basic Ladder Programming

Basic Ladder Programming

Timer Setting Timer Output Input Triggered

Keyence Ladder Builder

http://www.keyence.com/products/plc.html -> PLC Library Free evaluation version up to 50 times KV -> PLC Series from Keyence

Keyence Ladder Builder

Start

-> Programs -> Keyence Applications ->

Ladder Builder for KV Sample Ver.

Keyence Ladder Builder

Create a new file. Select the KV10 model.

Keyence Ladder Builder

Ladder Editor

Toolbar

Keyence Ladder Builder

Basic Table of I/O KV-10 Input Relays 0000 0005

Output Relays
Internal Relays

0500 0503
1000 1915

Timers/ Counters
Data Memory

T/C 000 063

DM 0 0999

Example 1 Motor Control

~ Stop Start K1 K1 ~ K1 M1 * The overload relay has been omitted in order to simplify the circuit ~ ~

Example 1 Motor Control

Stop -> Input Relay 0000 (X000) Normally Closed (NC) Start -> Input Relay 0001 (X001) Normally Open (NO) Motor -> Output Relay 0500 (Y050)

Example 1 Motor Control

Ladder Diagram:
Start

Stop

Motor

Motor

END
ENDH

Example 1 Motor Control

Select relay 0001

Add a normally open contact

Example 1 Motor Control

Select relay 0000

Add a normally closed contact

Example 1 Motor Control

Add horizontal connection lines

Example 1 Motor Control

Select relay 0500

Add an output relay

Example 1 Motor Control

Connect the circuit to the right power line

Example 1 Motor Control

Place the cursor below the contact of relay 0001

Select relay 0500

Add a Branch with a NO contact (OR logic)

Example 1 Motor Control

Place the cursor below the NO contact of relay 0500. Type END -> for end of routine . Click OK.

Example 1 Motor Control

Place the cursor below on line 0004. Type ENDH -> for end of program . Click OK.

Example 1 Motor Control

Run the simulator

Example 1 Motor Control

Execute the program for continuous scan

Example 1 Motor Control

Start the motor (turn on and then off the start button)

or double click with the mouse left button

Change the status here and Then press Write Current Value

Example 1 Motor Control

Stop the motor (watch the status of the motor relay 0500)

Example 1 Motor Control

Stop the simulation and return to the editor

Example 1 Motor Control

Using labels

Example 1 Motor Control

Right click with the mouse button on the device and select Change Label

Example 1 Motor Control

Type the label and press OK (or Enter)

Example 1 Motor Control

Type all labels (save the program optional)

If you use labels you can enter the device by its label (instead of its number)

Example 2 Drill Control

L1

Upper Limit Switch M1

M2

Vertical Motor (up and down)

Drill Motor
L2

Lower Limit Switch

Example 2 Drill Control

In the beginning of the drilling cycle the Upper Limit Switch (0001) is closed The START button (0000) starts the drilling cycle The drill motor M1 (0500) must start. At the same time, the vertical motor M2 must start to descend the drill (0501) The drill will stop at the Lower Limit Switch (0002). At this time, the vertical motor start to ascend the drill (0502). The drill motor must stop just at the upper position. Wait for a new drilling cycle

Example 2 Drill Control

Non-retentive contacts:

Example 2 Drill Control

Go to Help -> Instruction Word -> Instructions in Alphabetical Order -> DIFU

Example 2 Drill Control

SET RESET instructions

Example 2 Drill Control

Go to Help -> Instruction Word -> Instructions in Alphabetical Order -> SET (RES)

Example 2 Drill Control

Timing diagram: LIMIT1 START MOTOR1 LIMIT2 M2-DOWN M2-UP

Example 2 Drill Control

Example 3 Traffic Light

Start the operation with the switch S1 (input 0000) The red signal must be ON for 5 seconds (output 0500) The green signal must be ON for 8 seconds (output 0501) The yellow signal must be ON for 3 seconds (output 0502) The cycle must continues until the switch S1 is released

Example 3 Traffic Light

Go to Help -> Instruction Word -> Instructions in Alphabetical Order -> TMR

Example 3 Traffic Light

Example 3 Traffic Light

Place the cursor at the position you want to add a Timer. Then, double click with the mouse left button and select Instruction -> TMR

Example 3 Traffic Light

Define the Timer number and the Preset value. Timer number

Preset value

Example 3 Traffic Light