TASK I: 14 MARCH 2012

THE DIFFERENCE OF AN EXTENSIVE READING AND INTENSIVE READING

According to Language Fixation (2009) stated that the differences between extensive and
intensive reading are:
Extensive is when you try to cover vast amounts of materials, but just skip over the parts
you dont know and try to get the general gist of things. Its all about context and the big
picture. Once you get awesome, you can just sit down and read a book and understand
everything, and youre doing an extensive exercise still.
Intensive is about studying minute details and trying to wring absolutely every drop of
information out of a section of text. The easy way to compare these two types is reading
the same paragraph 100 times (intensive) vs. reading 100 different paragraphs
(extensive).
Based on experts opinion can be assumed that there are some differences between
extensive reading and intensive reading. Extensive reading is reading high speed reading.
In extensive reading the readers just read general information of a passage. Intensive
reading is reading that takes more long time, because the readers read the passage in
detail.

II: 21 MARCH 2012

SKIMMING AND SCANNING READING STRATEGY
According to ElenaBen (2007) defined Scanning as a kind of technique we use when
looking up a word in a dictionary or in the Yellow Pages. You know what you are
looking for so you are searching for that keyword or idea (you expect to find); i.e. youre
focused on finding a particular answer. Skimming is a kind of technique we use when
reading a newspaper or magazine. We dont know we are looking for yet but we want to
know what the text is about, to see if it is of interest.

Based on experts opinion can be assumed that scanning is a speed reading technique that
can be used for searching specific information and skimming is a sped reading technique
that can be used for searching or looking to the general information of a passage.

III: 28 MARCH 2012

THE THEORY OF EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE READING
According to Uni Learning (2007) defined efficient reading is about reading in a way that
allows you to understand the writer's message without spending too much time in the
process. It's also about reading with a clear purpose in mind so that you only read
material that is relevant.
Accroding to Monash University (2000) stated that there are some questions to think
about to help you develop effective reading strategies:
- Your purpose for reading:
* What do we mean by purpose?, Why is it important to consider your purpose for
reading a text?, How does your purpose determine the strategies you should use?
- Getting started with reading:
* How should you approach a long subject reading list?, How does background
knowledge affect your reading of a text?
- Reading critically:
* What is meant by a critical approach to reading?, How do you take a critical approach
to reading internet material?
Based on experts theory can be assumed that efficient reading is a strategy of reading in
comprehending a passage in short time. And there are some strategies to think about to
help the readers develop effective reading strategies: first, knowing the purpose of
reading. Second, the readers must have background knowledge. Third, reading critically,
it means that the readers have question in mind about the text.
IV: 11 APRIL 2012

READING COMPREHENSION CONCEPT

According to Yossuke (2011) defined reading comprehension as the process of
simultaneously extracting and constructing meaning through interaction and involvement
with written language. We use the words extracting and constructing to emphasize both
the importance and the insufficiency of the text as a determinant of reading
comprehension.
Based on experts opinion can be assumed that reading comprehension is not just reading
with aloud voice but reading is established to understand the meaning of words,
sentences, and paragraph as well as sense relationship among the ideas.

V: 18 APRIL 2012
DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING

According to Sholes (2009) stated that there are some purposes for
reading:

for pleasure or for personal reasons

to find general information such as what a book is mostly about

to find a specific topic in a book or article

to learn subject matter that is required for a class

Based on experts opinion can be assumed that there are some purposes of reading. First,
for pleasure or personal reasons, it is like reading novel. Second, to find general
information, it is like previewing a book. Third, to find a specific topic, it is like
scanning. Forth, to learn subject matter, it is like doing literature review.

VI: 25 APRIL 2012

READING COMPREHENSION LEVEL

According to Berry (2005) stated that there are three different levels of comprehension
can be called the literal level, the interpretive level and the applied level.
Literal Level
The first level of comprehension can be called the literal level for the sake of wording
because it is the most simple. At this level the reader or student can attempt to answer the
question: Question: What did the author say?
Interpretive Level
The second level of comprehension is called the interpretive level. At the interpretive
level the reader or student can attempt to answer this question: Question: What was
meant by what was said?
Applied Level
The last level is called the applied level. At this level the reader or student can attempt to
answer this question: Question: How would the authors message apply to other
situations given what you memorized and understood at the other two levels?
From the experts explanation can be assumed that Literal level is the level where the
readers can answer the questions that are stated information on the text (for example
about the dates or facts). Interpretive level is the level where the readers have understood
the message from the writers on the text. Applied level is the level where the readers can
read the implicit information on the text and know how the information is affected
something or somebody.

VII: 2 MAY 2012

READABILITY TEST LEVEL
According to Wikipedia (2012) stated that there are three levels of readability test:
Score

Notes

90.0100.0

easily understood by an average 11-year-old student

60.070.0

easily understood by 13- to 15-year-old students

0.030.0

best understood by university graduates

Based on experts theory can be assumed that the highest level of readability is 90.0
100.0 and the lowest level of readability is 0.0 30.0

VIII: 9 MAY 2012

CONVENTIONAL/TRADITIONAL/STANDARD TEACHING READING
STRATEGY
According to Montana State University stated that there are six strategies of teaching:

lecturing: The traditional lecture has many advantages, particularly in the large
classroom, and can be effective in meeting instructional goals.

Active learning: Myers and Jones (1993) define active learning as learning
environments that allow students to talk and listen, read, write, and reflect as they
approach course content through problem-solving exercises, informal small
groups, simulations, case studies, role playing, and other activities.

Critical thinking: Lipman (1988) defines critical thinking as skill full,

responsible thinking that facilitates good judgement because it relies upon criteria,
is self-correcting, and is sensitive to context.

Discussion: A large part of the process is the creation of a non-threatening,

interactive learning environment that allows for the free exchange of ideas.

Cooperative learning: Cooperative learning is a systematic pedagogical strategy

that encourages small groups of students to work together for the achievement of
a common goal.

Writing: This strategy includes writing across the curriculum, critical thinking,
technology and computers, note taking, and personal expression.

Based on experts opinion can be assumed that there are six strategies in teaching. First,
lecturing: the teacher as a center. Second, active learning: student more active in teaching
and learning process. Third, critical thinking: the students engaged to think critically, able
to solve a problem. Fourth, discussion: the students divide into small groups and do the
asking and answering question process. Fifth, cooperative learning: the students must
help each other and work together in a group. Sixth, writing: to make students more
discipline and diligent to take note.

IX: 16 MAY 2012

NARRATIVE, DESCRIPTIVE, EXPOSITORY, PROCEDURE AND RECOUNT
TEXTS
According to Nurmansyah (2009) defined descriptive text is a text which says what a
person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or
thing.
According to Isdaryanto (2012) defined a narrative text is an amuse text, entertains and
deal with actual or vicarious experience in different ways. Narrative deals with
problematic events which lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind, which in turn
finds a resolution.

According to Aditya (2009) defined procedure text is a text that is designed to describe
how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people
perform different processes in a sequence of steps.
Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or
entertaining.
According to Wikipedia (2012) defined Expository writing is a type of writing where
the purpose is to inform, describe, explain, or define the author's subject to the reader.
Based on experts opinions can be assumed that descriptive text is a text that describes
how something or someone looks like. Narrative text is a text that tells of a story or an
account of a sequence of events. Procedure text is a text that describes the process of
something in some steps. Expository text is a text that explains or informs the readers the
topic of author. Recount text is a text that retell amuse event.
According to Santosa (2009) defined explanation text is a text which tells processes
relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text
is to say 'why' and 'how' of the forming of the phenomena.
According to Cas Cis Cus (2010) defined report text is a text which presents information
about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis
According to Ayyaadon (2012) defined spoof text is a text which tells factual story,
happened in the past time with unpredictable and funny ending.
According to Englishindo (2012) defined News item is a text which informs readers
about events of the day. The events are considered newsworthy or important.
According to Goner (2010) defined discussion text is a kind of text to present at least
two points of view about an issue. The function is to explore various perspectives before
coming to an informed decision.

Based on experts opinions can be assumed that explanation text is a text that explains the
universe phenomena process. Report text is a text that informs the result of analysis.
Spoof text is a text which amuse story that happened in the past and has unpredictable
ending. News item is a text which informs the readers the news, like news paper.