Data Analysis Lab

ME 288 L8 acd

Geometric Characteristic Symbols

Symbol Description Straightness Flatness Circularity Cylindricity Runout Location Orientation Profile Profile line Profile surface Angularity Perpendicularity Parallelism Position Concentricity Symmetry Form Individual features Individual or related features Type of tolerance

No datum or datums needed

Related features

* *

Runout Circular Runout Total

* Either filled or unfilled

Straightness is the tolerance of form which specifies tolerance limits for line elements on a surface, a central axis, or a median plane.

Straightness is checked using sufficient individual line element checks to ensure its proper function.
The feature control frame is applied in the view where the line elements appear as a straight line.

0.03

12.4 12.0 -or0.03

No datum or datums needed

(A) This drawing

12.4 MMC

0.03 tol zone 0.03 longitudinal tol zones (B) Means this

Straightness can be checked using adjustable jacks and a V block.

Part
End view of v-block

Cylindrical part V-Block

Level bar

Adjustable jack

Straightness checks individual line elements of the treasure chest top.

0.04 - or 0.04
No datum or datums needed

(A) This drawing

Each line element has a 0.04 tol zone checked with a dial indicator
(B) Means this

Straightness applied to the diameter of the cylinder has a cylindrical tolerance zone the length of the part.
12.4 12.0 0.05

24.0

(A) This drawing

0.05 cylindrical tol zone 12.4 to 12.0 over entire length

12.45 Virtual condition

(B) Means this

Straightness of a central axis can be checked by taking surface error readings using opposing dial indicators.

Part

Opposing dial indicator

Chuck jaws or collet

Spindle

Straightness axial error is checked with a functional gauge whose length is equal to the pins length and the diameter is equal to the holes Virtual Condition (VC).

6.0 5.6 0.4

Pay attention to the modifiers

Pin Bonus Geom Tol Tol 6.0 None 0.4 5.9 0.1 0.5 5.8 0.2 0.6 5.7 0.3 0.7 5.6 0.4 0.8

6.4 VC
Functional gauge (ring gage)

Part

Length of part VC = Virtual Condition (VC) VC = Part's MMC + Geom Tol VC = 6.0 + 0.4 = 6.4

Straightness of a central axis is modified by either a M or L modifier.

Cylindrical tol zone

12.4 12.0

0.5 -or0.5

tol zone varies

(A)
0.05 Feature cyl tol zone 0.5 12.4 MMC 12.3 0.6 12.2 0.7 12.1 0.8 0.9 12.0 LMC 0.05 Feature cyl tol zone 0.5 12.0 LMC 0.6 12.1 12.2 0.7 0.8 12.3 0.9 12.4 MMC

(B)

(C)

Geometric Characteristic Symbols

Symbol Description Straightness Flatness Circularity Cylindricity Runout Location Orientation Profile Profile line Profile surface Angularity Perpendicularity Parallelism Position Concentricity Symmetry Form Individual features Individual or related features Type of tolerance

No datum or datums needed

Related features

* *

Runout Circular Runout Total

* Either filled or unfilled

Circularity is a tolerance of form that checks the periphery of any circular cross section taken perpendicular to the axis of a cylinder or cone, or through the center of a sphere to ensure that all elements are within a two concentric circle tolerance zones.

Circularity requires the surface of any cross section to meet size requirements and also be within the circularity tolerance zone.
0.02 -orA 11.0 10.6 A
No datum or datums needed

(A) This Drawing

10.96 (11.0 - 0.04) 11.0 (Largest diameter at Section A-A)

0.02 Circular Tolerance

Section A-A

(B) Checked at any given cross section

Circularity can be checked by taking independent measurements while between centers or using a chuck.

Rotate

Independent measurements

(A) Between centers

Rotate Independent measurements

(B) In chuck or collet

Circularity can be checked by plotting a circular profile on polar graph paper.

Polar graph paper

Circumscribed circle Circular profile

Inscribed circle

Circularity error

Circularity can control shapes other than cylinders. 0.4

(A) circularity callout on the cone of a nail set

0.6

(B) circularity callout on the curves of a garden tool handle

Geometric Characteristic Symbols

Symbol Description Straightness Flatness Circularity Cylindricity Runout Location Orientation Profile Profile line Profile surface Angularity Perpendicularity Parallelism Position Concentricity Symmetry Form Individual features Individual or related features Type of tolerance

No datum or datums needed

Related features

* *

Runout Circular Runout Total

* Either filled or unfilled

Cylindricity is a tolerance of form that checks cylindrical features only. All circular and longitudinal elements on the surface of the cylinder must lie within two concentric cylinders separated by the value of the cylindricity tolerance which is measured on radius.

Cylindricity requires that the entire face of the cylinder be contained between two concentric cylinders.
0.06
No datum or datums needed

(A) This drawing

18.2 17.8

0.06 tolerance zone

(B) Means this

2 concentric cylinders

Check cylindricity by rotating the cylinder between centers while transversing a dial indicator along top dead center.

Dial indicator Part Rotate Front Right

Check cylindricity by rotating the cylinder in a chuck while transversing a dial indicator vertically along top dead center.

Rotate Probe Part Spindle