II.

Anatomy/Structure/Function

Definition of operation performed Appendectomy- (surgical removal of the appendix) is performed as soon as possible to decrease the risk of perforation. It may be performed using general or spinal anesthesia with a low abdominal incision (laparotomy) or by laparoscopy. Both laparotomy and laparoscopy are safe and effective in the treatment of appendicitis with perforation. Source: (Brunner and Suddarths Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Volume 1, pg.1077)

Discussion of anatomy involved In human anatomy, the appendix (or vermiform appendix; also cecal (or caecal) appendix; also vermix) is a blind-ended tube connected to the cecum (or caecum), from which it develops embryologically. The cecum is a pouchlike structure of the colon. The appendix is located near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine. The appendix averages 10 cm in length, but can range from 2 to 20 cm. The diameter of the appendix is usually between 7 and 8 mm. The appendix is located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, or, more specifically, the right iliac fossa.[2] Its position within the abdomen corresponds to a point on the surface known as McBurney's point (see below). While the base of the appendix is at a fairly constant location, 2 cm below the ileocecal valve,[2] the location of the tip of the appendix can vary from being retrocecal (74%)[2] to being in the pelvis to being extraperitoneal. In rare individuals with situs inversus, the appendix may be located in the lower left side. Source: (http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Vermiform_appendix.html)

Intra and post-operative risk factors

Appendix has ruptured Age: 65 or older Diabetes Chronic lung or heart disease Pregnancy Source: (http://www.thirdage.com/hc/p/23378/appendectomy-complications)