Disease (Virus)

Genome

Virus Properties Non-enveloped Icosahedral +ve RNA picornavirus Picornaviridae, Hepatovirus Partially double stranded DNA virus, composed of: o Nucleocapsid core (HBcAg) Appears early o Surround by envelope composed by surface antigen (HBsAg) Appears late Hepadnaviridae, Orthohepadnovirus

Transmission

Outcome

Diagnosis

Prevention

Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)

RNA

Fecal oral route

Subclinical, acute infection

Killed HAV

Detection of viral Ag by ELISA @ RIA Detection of HBV DNA by PCR Recombinant HBV vaccines characterised by: presence of antiHBcand anti-HBs absence of HBsAg

Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)

DNA

Blood-borne 1. Transfer of body fluids 2. Mother to baby 3. Contaminated equipment of blood products & body fluid

Subclinical, acute, chronic infection, cirrhosis, primary hepatocarcinoma

Hepatitis C

RNA

Flaviviridae, Pestivirus

Blood-borne

Subclinical, acute, chronic infection, cirrhosis, primary hepatocarcinoma Superinfection Or Coinfection with HBV

Routine screening of blood

Hepatitis D RNA Virusoid Blood-borne

HBV vaccine

Hepatitis E (Enteric non-A-nonB hepatitis)

RNA

Caliciviridae

Fecal-oral

Subclinical, Acute Higher in pregnant woman

Improve sanitary conditions

Hepatitis G

RNA

Sexuallt-parentally

Chronic Liver Infection

HBV vaccine

Serological Markers Clinical condition Acute hepatitis Chronic active hepatitis Asymptomatic carrier Past infection: immunity Past immunisation HBsAg + + +# Anti-HBs + + Anti-HBc(total) + + + + HBV DNA + + -* -