Training on WCDMA Optimization Cases (Assistant Data Analysis)

Contents

Genex Assistant Introduction

Typical Cases Application

Assistant Technical Characteristics 1

Support the different types of data source and import format.
Genex Probe Agilent E7476A Agilent E6474A Huawei RNC Engineering Parameter Table Neighbor configuration data

Support the combined analysis of uplink and downlink data

Analyze the signaling of both UE and RNC to realize simultaneous analysis of uplink and downlink data.

Assistant Technical Characteristics 2

Support multiple types of data display modes.
Support Sheet/Map/Chart/Caky/ Histogram display modes. Support the import of data displayed in multiple types, such as BMP/JPG/GIF/PNG images, txt documents, and Excel.

Tab window

Image window

Map window

Assistant Technical Characteristics 3

Support the multi-window bidirectional data cooperation, such as message, event, map, and diagram.

Provide the automatic report on the UEs data and Scanners data.

Assistant Technical Characteristics 4

Full layer 3 signaling analysis

Support NAS and layer 3 RRC signaling analysis and the query of signaling contents.

Assistant Technical Characteristics 5

Support the soft handover event by using the SCANNER data and support the parameter settings.

Contents

Genex Assistant Introduction

Typical Cases Application

Type Case 1-- Assistant Prompts Genex License Absence

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Installing Assistant
Start the Assistant software. The system prompts no license. Find that the hardware dongle is operational. Re-install the Assistant software. The problem persists. Check the installation program and find no Sentinel System Drive software. Install the software or un-install the Genex Shared. The problem is cleared.

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Typical Case 2 Call Drop Because Soft Handover Algorithm Switch Is OFF
Single site verification
Call drop exists when the CS services are verified. Check the DTI scanning RSCP coverage before and after call drop and the Ec/Io distribution in the UE active Strong coverage Before call drop, the Ec/Io in the active set is degraded.
missing neighbor cells? Abnormal interference?

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Typical Case 2 Call Drop Because Soft Handover Algorithm Switch is OFF
Checking the neighbor
Choose View -> Properties Bar-> WCDMA UE Measurement Bar to view the scrambles in UE active set/monitored set.

From the UE measurement data perspective, the monitored set has samesite 136 and 138 scrambles. The neighbors are normal.

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Typical Case 2 Drop Because Soft Handover Algorithm Switch is OFF

Confirming L3 Message

Before the call drop, UE sends 1A event with many 136 and 138 scrambles. Check the measurement control message. The intra-frequency measurement cell includes 136 and 138 scramble cells.

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Typical Case 2 Drop Because Soft Handover Algorithm Switch is OFF

Checking the external interference

The Ec/Io is good after the call is re-originated. The problem is not caused by the external interference.

Good Ce/Io after the call is re-set up

Cell update after the call drop

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Typical Case 2 Call Drop Because Soft Handover Algorithm Switch is OFF
Problem location
The network side does not respond to the 1A event reported through the measurement report, or the network problem settings are incorrect.

Lst CORRMALG OSWITCH

If the soft handover switch is off, open the switch and perform the test verification. The problem is cleared.

The soft handover switch is off. The problem may be caused by normal reasons, but the problem indicates that the test is not well prepared. The communications with the related engineers are not performed well before the test.

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Typical Case 3 Coverage Abnormal Caused by Inverse Connection of Antenna System

Reverse connection of antenna system
After synchronizing the BTS color and labeling automatically the data at the diagram layer Within the coverage range of SC130, the actual range is SC128. Within the coverage of SC128, the actual range is SC130.

Synchronize the BTS color

The problems found during the single site verification are obvious and easy to process. However, the engineers must be careful and conform to the specifications during the test optimization.
Automatically label the data at the diagram layer

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Typical Case 4 Call Drop Difference Caused by Different Versions of Assistant

Call drop points compared by Assistant

Are the time, longitude, and latitude of call drop point inconsistent?

???

Assistant 1.3 processing result Assistant 1.2 processing version

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Typical Case 4 Call Drop Difference Caused by Different Versions of Assistant

Comparison between the definitions of call drop pionts
Definition of Assistant 1.2 call drop point: 1. UE receives any system information in the connected state. 2. Receive RRC Release message and the release cause value is Not Normal. 3. Receive a messages of CC Disconnect, CC Release Complete, and CC Release, and the release cause value is Not Normal Clearing or Not Normal Unspecified. Definition of Assistant 1.3 call drop point: Definition of 1. Receive a message of CC Disconnect, CC Release Definition of Complete and CC Release and the release cause Assistant 1.2 Assistant 1.3 value is neither Normal Clearing nor Normal Call drop Call drop point Unspecified. point 2. Receive the RRC release message and the release Comparison cause is neither Normal nor user inactivity. The between the RRC release message is not received and the UE locations of call is transited from connected state (CELL_FACH and drop points CELL_DCH) to idle state ( IDLE ). 3. UE receives the system information in the connected state and does not receive RB Recfg, Trch Recfg and PhyCH Recfg before receiving the system information. The UE must be transited from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH. Within the specified time T1, the UE does not originate the CELL Update (re-setup). Within the specified time T1, the UE originates CELL Update but fails for N times of retransmissions.

Call drop point of Assistant 1.2 Call drop point of Assistant 1.3
With the Assistant 1.2 version, in the connected state, if the UE receives the system information, it is regarded as call drop. With Assistant 1.3 version, if the Cell Update succeeds within T1, it is not regarded as call drop. If the Cell Update fails, it is regarded as call drop.

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Typical Case 5 Missing Neighbor Cell

Analysis of call drop point
On the way to Zhongkai, the call drop exists in the place from PSC=504 to PSC=485. According to the diagram in the left, The signals in the test area are good, the signal in the place where the call drop exists is about -70dBm. UE_ActiveSet_Best SC is inconsistent with DTI Best SC. After the call drop, UE resides on the new cell SC485.
Before the call drop, the UE does not hand over to SC485 cell in time, the call drop is caused. Is the call drop caused by the missing neighbor cells? UE_ActiveSet _Best SC DTI_ Best SC

DTI_RSCP

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Typical Case 5 Missing Neighbor Cell

Checking neighbors
Neighbor check method 1 Neighbor check method 2

Check whether UE_ Monitor Set has the target cell.

Check whether the intra-frequency measurement cell of measurement control message includes the target cell before the call drop.

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Typical Case 5 Missing Neighbor Cell

Problem location and troubleshooting
Problem location It is a typical case of call drop caused by the missing neighbor cell. Call drop caused by missing neighbor cell is accompanied with two types of phenomena: 1. Before the call drop, the best service cell measured by the SCANNER is inconsistent with actual best cell measured by UE. The best service cell quality of SCANNER is better than that of UE. 2. After the call drop, the UE camps on the new cell. Check the neighbor through the following two methods of Assistant: 1. Check whether the Monitor Set of UE includes the target cell. 2. Check the latest measurement control message before the call drop, and analyze whether the intra-frequency measurement cell list includes the target cell. Troubleshooting Configure the SC504 cell and SC485 cell as neighbor cell for each other.

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Typical Case 6 Handover Failure

Analysis of call drop point
At the call drop spot, the radio environment is good. Through the DTI test, before and after the call drop, Ec/Io is good and RSCP is also good. In the call drop area, the call drop occurs during each drive test and the call drop spot is similar.
SC176 Ec/Io SC192 Ec/Io

Call drop area

Call drop area

UE TxPWR
UE transmit power is increased before call drop.

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Typical Case 6 Handover Failure

Compare and analyze the test data imported to PROBE and RNC

Data alignment method 1: Define the time offset of RNC data and Probe data to align the data.

Data alignment method 2: Search the time corresponding to the key signaling to align the data.

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Typical Case 6 Handover Failure

Process before and after call drop when PROBE collects L3 Message

The UE reports the event 1A of PSC176, and then RNC sends the active set update message and adds PSC176 to active set. The UE reports the event 1D of PSC176 cell, event 1B of PSC192 cell, and then RNC deletes the measurement control. The UE reports the continuously two 1B of 192, and then the RNC delivers the active set update message but deletes the PSC176 cell.

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Typical Case 6 Handover Failure

RNC L3 Message process analysis

Active set is updated. Adding the PSC176 cell is required Analyze the signaling between two ASs, and find that the time difference between two ASs is 11s. During the time difference, the UE does not receive the RL Restore message. According to the RNC configuration, if a radio link is added, the UE does not receive the RL Restore message reported by NodeB within 11 seconds, the uplink is synchronized. It is required to delete the newly added radio link. The link quality of cell 192 is degraded, and the call drop occurs.

Active set is updated. Deleting the PSC176 cell is required.

Call drop

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Typical Case 6 Handover Failure

Problem location and troubleshooting
The newly added radio link is not synchronized, and ASU is delivered to delete the scrambles of cell 176 from the active set. The quality of scrambles in cell 192 is bad, so the call drop occurs. The uplink asynchronization may be caused by the following: Uplink interference --- check the RTWP of cell 176 Parameter setting problem - LST LOCELL Through the RTWP tracing, the RTWP of the cell is about 105 dBm. Check the cell handover radius and find that the inner diameter of handover radius is 5000. The configuration is abnormal. It indicates that UE cannot perform the handover within 5000 m. The parameter is set to 0 m by default. Troubleshooting Change the handover radius to 0. Re-perform the test and the call drop disappears.

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Typical Case 7 Turning Corner Effect

Call drop point analysis
In the boundary of A and B, the call drop occurs. At the call drop point, the DTI test signal is good but the signal of serving cell received by UE is degraded dramatically.
SC304 in AS SC298 in AS

SC298 in MS

Active set quality is bad. Monitor set quality is good

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Typical Case 7 Turning Corner Effect

L3 signaling analysis
Before the call drop, the UE sends the measurement report that includes event 1a and 1d of SC298 cell. The RNC receives the measurement report and notifies the NodeB to establish a link to complete the preparations for 1a event. Then, the RNC sends a RRC ACTIVE SET UPDAT message to the UE. According to L3 message at UE side, the UE does not receive correctly the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message. After five seconds, the RNC does not receive the Active Set Update Complete message of UE, the RNC thinks that the call drop occurs. Then, the RNC sends a RANAP_IU_RELEASE_REQUEST to the CN to release the resources.

UE_L3 signaling

1a and 1d event of sc298 cell

RNC_L3 signaling

Request for UE active set update

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Typical Case 7 Turning Corner Effect

Problem location and troubleshooting
Analysis of call drop reasons When the call drop occurs at the corner of the road, due to the blocking of buildings, the signal quality of original cell is degraded fast. The UE sends 1A event of SC298 cell, but the Ec/Io of original cell is deteriorated, the UE does not receive the RRC ACTIVE SET UPDATE message delivered by the RNC downlink. As a result, the soft handover cannot complete normally and the call drop occurs. Troubleshooting If the turning corner effect causes the handover delay and the call drop occurs, the characteristics are that the signals of original cell at the corner are degraded fast and the handover process cannot complete normally. The optimization aims to start the handover in advance or avoid the handover at the turning corner. Adjust the CIO offset of target cell and improve the handover priority of target cell. Hand over to the target cell in advance to avoid the handover failure. Adjust the antenna system so that a sector covers the corner to meet the coverage at the corner and to eliminate the handover risks at the corner. Adjust the 1a event threshold and hysteresis to ensure the 1a event occurs easier.

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Typical Case 8 Pinpoint Effect

Description of call drop point
On the XX road, the call drop occurs. At the call drop point, the signal is good.

Scramble distribution (UE)

Ec/Io distribution (UE)

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Typical Case 8 Pinpoint Effect

Analysis of call drop point
Before the call drop, the UE resides on the cell SC16 temporarily. After the call drop, the UE camps on the cell SC18.

Call drop location

From the perspective of Ec/Io quality of UE active set before and after the call drop, before the call drop, the Ec/Io is degraded fast. After the call drop, the Ec/Io is restored to normal operation.

Call drop location

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Typical Case 8 Pinpoint Effect

Signaling retrospective before and after call drop
L3 signaling flow Before the call drop, the UE sends 1a event measurement reports of cells SC9, SC18 and SC17. The RNC correctly receives the measurement reports and notifies NodeB to prepare for the resources. And then, the RNC originates an Active Set Update message to the UE. If the RNC does not receive Active Set Update Complete message from the UE within five seconds, release the IU. The call drop .

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Typical Case 8 Pinpoint Effect

Problem location and troubleshooting
Cause analysis The rear lobe of cell SC16 forms the pinpoint effect. After the UE camps on the cell SC16, the signal quality is degraded. As a result, the UE cannot receive the Active Set Update message delivered by the RNC and the call drop occurs. Measures The down tilt of cell SC16 is adjusted from 4 to 9. The pinpoint effect causes the call drop in the following conditions: If the pinpoint duration is short and cannot meet the handover condition, and the call drop does not occur. However, the QoS is degraded. For example, the downlink generates too high BLER. If the pinpoint duration is short, and the handover conditions are strict, the result is that before the handover occurs, the downlink signal is too bad and the signaling or service RB is reset. And then, the call drop occurs. If the target cell has the handover triggered, the signal of original cell may be too bad and the UE cannot receive the Active Set Update message, and the call drop occurs. If the target cell completes the handover and becomes the cell in the active set, the pinpoint effect disappears within short time. The cell exits from the active set after a handover. This process also may result in the call drop.

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Typical Case 9 UE Is Abnormal

Analysis of call drop point
At the call drop point, DTI test signal is good. During the moving, the quality of UE active set cell is degraded and the no handover events occur before the call drop. Check the neighbor and settings of soft handover parameters.
Active set

Monitor set

DTI

UE can correct measure the signals of serving cell and neighbor. The signals in the Monitor Set are better than that in the Active Set.

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Typical Case 9 UE Is Abnormal

L3 signaling analysis

UE does not report and receive the message for about 40 seconds.

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Typical Case 9 UE Is Abnormal

Problem location and troubleshooting
Analysis of call drop reasons UE originates calls in the cell SC369. During the moving, UE measures that the Ec/Io of neighbor cell is better than that of active set cell SC369 and 1A event trigger conditions of soft handover are met, but the UE does not send the measurement report normally. The signals of cell SC369 are degraded continuously and the UE cannot demodulate the downlink signals. The UE sends CELL UPDATE message but the network side does not respond to the CELL UPDATE message. The call drop occurs. Troubleshooting This call drop occurs because the UE does not send the measurement report normally. It is hard to locate the reason. In actual operations, we should avoid the test problems caused by the abnormal UE. For example, replace the test UE.

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Typical Case 10 Pilot Pollution

Problem analysis
On a bridge, the signals from the sites along the river are strong and the pilot pollution is serious. As shown in the following diagram, the continuous pilot pollution points exist in the area. Check the WCDMA DTI Coverage Bar and find nine scramble cell coverage signals. The signal strength ranges from 70 dBm to 80 dBm. The pilot pollution is serious and the Ec/Io is degraded dramatically.

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Typical Case 10 Pilot Pollution

Analysis process 1
According to the geographic distribution, judge preliminarily the primary coverage cells. After the test, perform the site survey to determine the primary coverage cells.

Cell SC224 can continuously cover the bridge but the far end signals are weak.

The site survey finds that the cells SC41 and SC42 are blocked by the high buildings, so the cells cannot effectively cover the bridge.

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Typical Case 10 Pilot Pollution

Analysis process 2
Adjust the antenna to reduce the impact on the bridge of overshooting coverage.

Due to the impact of water reflection, the cells in red circle cover a far distance and result in the interference to the bridge. Adjust the antenna azimuth and tilt to optimize the cell coverage area.

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Typical Case 10 Pilot Pollution

Adjustment and verification
Antenna adjustment: The antenna tilt of Huizhou sector A is adjusted from 10 to 7 . The antenna tilt of Xiti road sector A is adjusted from 9 to 11 . The antenna tilt of Xiti road sector C is adjusted from 7 to 10 . The antenna tilt of Shuidongjie sector C is adjusted from 9 to 11 . The antenna tilt of Golden world sector C is adjusted from 5 to 9 .

Pilot pollution of Huizhou Bridge after the antenna adjustment

Huizhou sector 1 coverage after the antenna adjustment Xiti road sector 3 coverage after the antenna adjustment

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Typical Case 11 Neighbor Cell Optimization of Whole Network

Neighbor optimization of whole network through Assistant

Assistant provides rich report statistics functions. According to the data collected by the DTI, use the functions of Assistant dataset/Analyze Report/WCDMA Scanner NeighborCell Analysis. According to the predefined RSCP and COUNT thresholds, analyze automatically the neighbors based on the DIT test data. In conjunction with the actual neighbor list, obtain the possible missing neighbor cells.

Neighbor Cell: RSCP Threshold Count Threshold

Only the previous two conditions are met. Assistant configures the neighbors.

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Typical Case 11 Neighbor Optimization of Whole Network

Neighbor optimization output of whole network through the Assistant

Statistics report Introduction :configuration page of DTI data parameters Scanner Statistic: DTI collection data statistics Scanner Result: analyze the neighbors according to DTI collection data and parameter threshold. Imported Config: imported neighbor configuration data Scanner vs Config: comparison between DTI analysis data and the neighbor configuration data

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