The League of Nations Revision

FOUR AIMS OF THE LEAGUE [memory word: SIDE] 1. Stop war (Article 10 of the Covenant = collective security) 2. Improve people s lives an! "o#s $ncoura%e co&operation in tra!e' $conomic an! social a%encies. (. Disarmament ). Enforce the *reaty of +ersailles MEMBERSHIP OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS 1. )2 countries ,oine! at the start. -y the 1.(0s this ha! risen to /0. 2. 0ay 1.201 the 23 3enate vote! a%ainst +ersailles. (. *he 2334 !i! not ,oin the 5ea%ue. 6n 1.1. it set up the Comintern to cause revolution. ). 7ermany was not allowe! to ,oin the 5ea%ue as a punishment for causin% 886. 9. *he lea!in% mem#ers were -ritain an! :rance1 helpe! #y "apan an! 6taly. THE STRUCTURE OF THE LEAGUE [memory word: SCACHIRMS] Secretariat; suppose! to co&or!inate the !ifferent functions of the 5ea%ue' too few secretaries to !o the wor< & slow an! inefficient Council; met )&9 times a year' 9 permanent mem#ers & -r1 :r1 6t1 "ap = 7er & with a veto. Assem#ly; the 5ea%ues main meetin%1 hel! once a year' !ecisions only #y unanimous vote > the Committees; Court of international ,ustice' Health committee' International la#our or%ani?ation' Refu%ees committee' Man!ates commission' Slavery commission A53@ Conference of am#assa!ors (not really part of the 5ea%ue s or%anisation). THREE STRENGTHS OF THE LEAGUE [memory Word: SUM] 1. Set up #y the *reaty of +ersailles 2. Universal mem#ership1 all of which ha! si%ne! the Covenant promisin% to support the 5ea%ue. (. Means of 6nfluence Covenant (2/ promises which every mem#er a%ree! to follow)' 0oral con!emnation (pu#lic opinion)' Ar#itration (act as a referee)' 3anctions (refuse to tra!e)' 0ilitary :orce (sen! an army)' Community of Aower (actin% to%ether). SIX SUCCESSES OF THE LEAGUE IN THE !"#$ [memory word: SAMBO%] 1. Silesia1 1.21 7ermany an! Aolan! a%ree! to paritiion after a ple#iscite. 2. Aalan! 6slan!s1 1.21 sai! the islan!s shoul! #elon% to :inlan!B 3we!en an! :inlan! a%ree!. (. Mosul1 1.2) the *ur<s !eman!e! 0osul1 6raC. *he 5ea%ue supporte! 6raCB *ur<ey a%ree!. ). Bul%aria1 1.29 7reece inva!e! -ul%aria1 #ut with!rew when -ul%aria appeale! to the 5ea%ue. 9. Other; )001000 Arisoners of 8ar repatriate!' *ur<ish refu%ee camps (1.22)' 5eprosy' Dru%s companies close! !own' Attac<e! slave owners in 3ierra 5eone an! -urma' $conomic a!vice to Austria an! Eun%ary /. %ello%%&-rian! Aact1 1.2F si%ne! #y 2( nations an! supporte! #y /91 to outlaw war.

SIX FAILURES OF THE LEAGUE IN THE !"#$ [memory word: &IMCOD] 1. &ilna1 1.20 Aolan! refuse! the 5ea%ue or!ers to with!raw from +ilna. 2. Invasion of the 4uhr1 1.2( #y :ranceB the 5ea%ue was not even consulte!1 an! -ritain !isa%ree!. (. Memel1 1.2( *he 5ea%ue tol! 5ithuania to leave1 #ut the Conference of Am#assa!ors a%ree!. ). Corfu1 1.2( 7eneral *ellini mur!ere!1 so 6taly occupie! Corfu. *he Conference of Am#assa!ors overrule! the 5ea%ues or!er to 0ussolini to leave force! 7reece to pay compensation to 6taly. 9. Other *reaties; 8ashin%ton 1 1.21' Dawes Alan1 1.2)' 5ocarno Aact1 1.29' *he 7eneva Arotocol1 1.2) (to support the 5ea%ue of Gations) faile! #ecause -ritain refuse! to si%n it /. Disarmament -ritain o#,ecte! to the 1.2( conference' 1.(2&1.() conference was wrec<e! when Eitler !eman!e! parity with :rance. TWO FAILURES OF THE LEAGUE IN THE !'#$ 1. 0anchuria1 1.(1; *he 5ea%ue sent officials (too< a year)' vote! that "apan return 0anchuria (:e# 1.(( & "apan resi%ne! from the 5ea%ue)' coul! not a%ree economic sanctions or arms sales #an. 2. A#yssinia1 1.(9; 0ussolini inva!e! (@cto#er 1.(9) Eaile 3elassies A#yssinia' -ritain an! :rance secretly a%ree! to %ive A#yssinia to 6taly (Eoare&5aval Aact1 1.(9)' *he 5ea%ue trie! sanctions on arms sales1 ru##er an! metals1 #ut they !i! not close the 3ue? Canal or #an oil sales. (. *hese failures <ille! the 5ea%ue 0ussolini %aine! presti%e' -ritain1 :rance an! the 5ea%ue were wea<ene! & countries !eci!e! it was a sham1 left an! #e%an to prepare for war instea!. EIGHT REASONS THE LEAGUE FAILED [memory word: BUSTED UP] 1. Britain an! :rance were not prepare! to use their armies an! ha! other priorities. 2. U3A1 2334 an! 7ermany 23A was never a mem#er' 2334 not until 1.()' 7ermany not until 1.2/1 an! Eitler left the 5ea%ue in 1.((. (. Structure its or%anisation HSCACHIRMSI was cum#ersome so !ecisions were very slow. ). Treaty of +ersailles set up the 5ea%ue so it was hate! #ecause the *reaty was hateful. 9. Economic Depression countries acte! to save their own interests1 an! i%nore! the 5ea%ue. /. Dictators !ictators li<e 0ussolini an! Eitler woul! not compromise. J. Unsuccessful the 5ea%ues failures !ama%e! its reputation1 so mem#ers left'i%nore! it. F. Powerless; moral con!emnation was ,ust i%nore! #y powerful nations' the 5ea%ue ha! no armies' people foun! ways roun! sanctions.