EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Brussels, 24.5.2011
COM(2011) 287 final

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COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN

PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

A Single Market for Intellectual Property Rights
, 24.5.2011
(2011) 287
Boosting creativity and innovation to provide economic growth, high

quality jobs
, ,
and first class products and services in Europe


EN 2 EN
,
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................. 2
...........3

1.
2. OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR A SINGLE MARKET FOR IPR ....
2. . .... 4
4
3. .
3. KEY POLICY INITIATIVES TO MEET THE CHALLENGES AHEAD ................ 7 ................ 7
3.1 .
3.1. Reform of the patent system in Europe and accompanying
......................... 7
measures......................... 7
3.1.1 . 7
3.1.1. A unitary patent
3.1.2 . .............................................
protection........................................................................................... 7
................................... 8
3.1.2. A unified patent litigation system
3.1.3 . ..............................................
................................................................................ 8
...................................... 8
3.2 . ..........................................
3.1.3. An IPR valorisation
........... 8
instrument.................................................................................... 8
3.3 .
3.2. Modernisation of the trade mark system in Europe
... 9

..................................................... 8
3.3. Creation of a comprehensive framework for copyright in the digital
single market ... 9
3.3.1. European copyright governance and management
.................................................... 10
3.3.2. Technology and database
management...................................................................... 11
3.3.3. User-generated
content............................................................................................... 12
3.3.4. Private copying levies
................................................................................................ 12
3.3.5. Access to Europe's cultural heritage and fostering media plurality
........................... 13
3.3.6. Performers' rights
....................................................................................................... 14
3.3.7. Audiovisual works
..................................................................................................... 14
3.3.8. Artists' resale right
..................................................................................................... 14
3.4. The issue of complementary protection of intangible assets
..................................... 15
3.4.1. Trade secrets and parasitic copies
.............................................................................. 15
3.4.2. Non-agricultural geographical
indications................................................................. 16
3.5. Enhanced fight against counterfeiting and
piracy...................................................... 17
3.5.1. Public awareness
........................................................................................................ 18

3.3.1 .
............................................. ....... 10
3.3.2 .
.............................................. ........................ 11
3.3.3 . 12
3.3.4 . ...............................................
................................................. 12
3.3.5 .
........................... 13
3.3.6 . 14
3.3.7 . 14
3.3.8 . ' 14
3.4 .
..................................... 15
3.4.1 . .............................................
................................. 15
3.4.2 . .............................................
.................... 16
3.5 .
............................................ .......... 17
3.5.1 . 18
3.5.2 .

..............................................
.................................................. .. 18
3.5.3 . ...........................................
................... 19
3.6 . .............................................
.............................. 19
3.6.1 . ,
..... 20
3.6.2 .
............ 21
3.6.3 .

 .................................... 21
3
4. .
Piracy and new tasks
1 .
.................................................................................................. 18
,
3.5.3. A review of the IPR Enforcement Directive
()
.............................................................. 19


3.6. The international dimension of IPR

........................................................................... 19
.
3.6.1. Multilateral initiatives, including co-ordination with international

organisations..... 20

3.6.2. Bilateral negotiation and co-operation on IP protection with third

countries............ 21
-
,
3.6.3. Enhanced IPR protection and enforcement at the EU border
,
.................................... 21
,
EN 3 EN


4.
CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................... .
.........22
,
,
1. INTRODUCTION
Putting in place a seamless, integrated Single Market for Intellectual

Property Rights (IPR) is
2020

one of the most concrete ways to release the potential of European
.
inventors and creators and

empower them to turn ideas into high quality jobs and economic growth.
-
This Communication presents the Commission's overall strategic vision

for delivering the true
.1 .

Single Market for intellectual property that is currently lacking in Europe
21. :
a European IPR
,
3.5.2. A more sustainable structure for the European Observatory on
Counterfeiting and

regime that is fit for tomorrow's new economy, rewarding creative and

inventive efforts,
generating incentives for EU-based innovation and allowing cultural
diversity to thrive by
offering additional outlets for content in an open and competitive
market.
A modern, integrated European IPR regime will make a major
contribution to growth,
sustainable job creation and to the competitiveness of our economy
key objectives of the
EU 2020 agenda and the Annual Growth Survey which are essential to
sustain the EU's
recovery from the economic and financial crisis. It will enable the
development of sectors
such as e-commerce and digital industries which offer the greatest
potential for future
growth.1 Innovation not only helps the European economy to flourish. It
is indispensable to
address the big challenges that humankind is facing in the 21st century:
ensuring food security,
containing climate change, dealing with demographic change and
improving citizens' health.
It also has an essential role to play in the quality of daily life by fostering
cultural diversity.
IPR comprise industrial property rights, such as patents, trademarks,
designs and geographical
indications, copyright and rights related to copyright.
The galaxy of IP rights
Intellectual Property Rights

,
.

.
,
, ,
, .




( , , ... )

.

1 : 2020 ( ( 2010 ) 2020 ) ,
2011 ( ( 2011 ) 11 ) ,
( ( 2010 ) 245 ) ,
( ( 2011 ) 206 )
( ( 2010 ) 546 ) .
4
.

,
.2
,

.
,

,


.
Copyrights and Neighbouring Rights

(performers, musicians, broadcasters )
,
,
Geographical Indications Plant Variety Rights
- .
Designs
.
IPR are property rights that protect the added value generated by

Europe's knowledge
.
economy on the strength of its creators and inventors. IPR catalogues are
. "
an important part of

1 See: Europe 2020 Strategy (COM (2010) 2020), the Annual Growth
" ,
Survey 2011 (COM (2011) 11), the

Digital Agenda for Europe (COM (2010) 245), the Single Market Act (COM
.
(2011) 206) and the
2. .
Innovation Union (COM (2010) 546).
:
EN 4 EN


many European businesses. Capitalising on IPR portfolios is key for
1,4 . European creators and

businesses to sustain operations, generate revenues and develop new
.
market opportunities.2

2010 , 3%
In the era of globalisation and international competition, the revenue
(2008)
potential of IP is just as
.
important as the access to commodities or the reliance on a
-27 6,7 2008 .
manufacturing base.

The virtuous IPR circle relies on an IPR policy that incentivises innovation, 3,5%
which in turn
2000-2007 1% .

attracts investment, thereby resulting in new products and services for

new consumer demand
,
IPR Patents Trademarks

which enhances growth and employment.

Fast-paced technological progress has altered the way we do business
and disseminate,
receive and consume products and services, such as online music and
audiovisual services.
New business models are developing and traditional ones are adapting.
New economic players
and service providers are entering the market. Consumers are changing
the way they interact
with the market place. European IPR legislation must provide the
appropriate "enabling
framework" that incentivises investment by rewarding creation,
stimulates innovation in an
environment of undistorted competition and facilitates the distribution
of knowledge.
2. OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR A SINGLE MARKET FOR IPR
The case does not need to be made anymore: IPR in their different forms
and shapes are key
assets of the EU economy
1.4 million European SMEs operate in the creative industries. IP-based
industries represent
above average potential for growth and job creation. According to the
European
Competitiveness Report 2010, creative industries account for 3% of
employment (2008) and
are among the most dynamic sectors in the EU. The number of
employees in the creative
industries in the EU-27 was 6.7 million in 2008.

24% . ,

6 % .3
2002 500
45 %
75 %
.4 2009 ,
81 %
& 500 .5

9%
2009,6

2 " :
"
, , 2007 . 53 %


, 35 %

.
3. : ,
2007
.
4 : ://..////_. .
5 : " 2011 ' '
"
, , 11.01.2011 .
6 : 2009 , ,
://..
5
( 1,9 % 2008 ) .7
(
, 8 , 9

10 11 )
3,3% ( 2006 ) .12
period 2000-2007 compared to 1% a year for the total EU economy. Most
, ,
of the new jobs in

the EU created over the past decade were in the knowledge-based
. ,
industries where

, ,
employment increased by 24%. In contrast, employment in the rest of
,
the EU economy
- ,
increased by just under 6%.3
.
An indicative 2002 survey of the Fortune 500 companies estimated that

anywhere from 45%

,
to 75% of the wealth of individual companies derives from their IPR.4 In

2009, it was
.
estimated that intangible assets represented about 81% of the value of

the S&P 500 market.5
, , , ,
, ,
The value of the top ten brands in each EU country amounted to almost
, ,
an average of 9% of
,
GDP per capita in 2009.6 IPR incentivise and protect investment in
. - ,
technical Research and

2 "The value of knowledge: European firms and the intellectual property

challenge" an Economist
.
,
Intelligence Unit White Paper, The Economist, January 2007. 53% of
, ,
respondents said that the use of
, , , , ,
IPR will be very important or critical to their business models in two
,
years, compared to 35% who
.
considered this to be the case at the time of the survey.
,

3 The Work Foundation: The knowledge economy in Europe, report

prepared for the 2007 Spring

,
Overall employment in creative industries increased by an average of
3.5% a year in the


.
4 Source:

http://www.wipo.int/sme/en/documents/valuing_patents.htm.
,
5 Source: Ocean Tomo as cited in "The 2011 drug patent 'cliff' and the
.
evolution of IP evaluation" by


Liza Porteus Viana, Intellectual Property Watch, 11.01.2011.
90% .
6 Source: Eurobrand Study 2009, Country Review,

http://study.eurobrand.cc

EN 5 EN
.

Development (1.9% of EU GNP in 2008).7 Copyright-based creative

industries (comprising

software and database production,8 book and newspaper publishing,9
,
music10 and film11)

.
contribute 3.3% to the EU GDP (2006).12

IPR shape the everyday life of citizens
.
Patent protection, for instance, is essential for the development of new

groundbreaking drugs
.
or medical equipment. Ever more sophisticated technical devices, such as ,

smart phones or
7 : .
tablet computers, third and future generations of mobile telephony,
8
consumer electronics,

.
more environmentally-friendly cars or high-speed trains, rely on
9 , 135.000
thousands of patents.

The protection of brand equity stimulates investment in the quality of
24 .
products and services
10 ,
by helping the customer identify the relevant producer of goods or
6 .
services, particularly in

sectors which rely heavily on brands and customers' brand loyalty. These 30 .
European Council.

sectors comprise
those for food products, household goods, pharmaceuticals, fashion,
sporting ware, cosmetics,
consumer electronics, or services offered by the telecommunications,
travel, leisure and sports
industries. In the agri-food sector, the geographical indications and plant
variety rights ensure
protection of quality products and access to authentic products
throughout the single market.
Copyright stimulates the creation of creative content, such as software,
books, newspapers
and periodicals, scientific publications, music, films, photography, visual
arts, video games or
software.
Finally, Europe's IPR system has helped to create the competitive edge
for European
industries
The development of standards such as GSM and UMTS is a European
success story based on
diligent management of IPR. These European standards have evolved
into globally successful
technologies, due to their technological superiority and Europe's viable
IPR system. Europebased
companies are at the cutting edge in licensing the semiconductor
technologies that are
found in more than 90% of the mobile phones sold globally. Many
European companies
nowadays generate a large part of their revenue through licensing of

11 , ,

10 % .
1.100
1 . : -

, , 2010 .
12 2010 ,
, ( 2010 ) 1276 .
6
:
,
.

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,
,
,

.



.

,
.

.



.


,
Maintaining momentum

The economic potential of IPR increasingly depends on the ability of

.
multiple IPR owners to
,
, .
collaborate and license technologies, products and creative content and
-
to bring new products

and services to consumers. Online music services need to duplicate

complex clearing
.
processes in order to be available across several territories. This requires
a holistic and
.

coherent IPR legal framework. In that context, IPR legislation should be
- .
seen as a governance

7 Source: Eurostat.
.

8 Software and database production are by far the biggest contributors

to copyright industries producing

, ,
nearly a fourth of turnover attributed to these industries.

9 According to the Federation of European Publishers, book publishing
.
employs 135,000 people full time
.
,
and contributes approximately EUR 24 billion to EU GDP.

10 According to IFPI, total value of the EU recorded music market is
" " ,
around EUR 6 billion. The recorded
.

music market presents around a fifth of the total music market which is
.
worth close to EUR 30 billion.

11 Motion picture production, distribution and exhibition as well as video
. ,
rentals and sales account for

10% of copyright turnover. The audiovisual industry in Europe produces

.
more than 1,100 films per year

,
and employs over 1 million people. Source: Multi-Territory Licensing of
their IP portfolios.

Audiovisual Works in the

European Union, KEA study, October 2010.
12 European Competitiveness Report 2010, Commission Staff Working
Document, SEC(2010) 1276 final.
EN 6 EN
tool that regulates and optimises the relationship between the three
main players: creators,
service and content providers and consumers. IPR policy should
therefore be designed as
"enabling legislation" allowing for the management of IPR in the most
efficient way, thereby
setting the right incentives for creation and investment, innovative
business models, the
promotion of cultural diversity and the broadest possible dissemination
of works for the
benefit of society as a whole.
Europe must become a world leader in innovative licensing solutions for
the seamless
exploitation of innovative technological products and of knowledge and
cultural products.
The benefits of an enabling IPR framework should be available to all
players, irrespective of
their size. SMEs should stand to benefit from IPR as much as the largest
market players
operating within the internal market. An IPR framework should also
provide the necessary
incentives for all creative sectors to thrive and flourish thereby
contributing to a rich diversity

.
, ,
.

,
.

.




, ,
.
7

, ,

,
.

.

,

,
,
.


.

3. .

The answer is in the Single Market

3.1 .
The fragmentation of the IPR landscape in the EU has implications for
3.1.1 .
Europe's growth, job
,
:
creation and competitiveness. Licensing transactions are impaired by
13
high costs, complexity
.
and legal uncertainty for creators, users and consumers. This is one
,
reason why e-commerce
27
has not realised its full potential in the EU and why it is often the biggest 20 , , , 200.000
players who can
,

navigate the rules and truly benefit from the Single Market. High

transaction costs
.
disincentive innovation and creation. Innovative SMEs struggle to benefit ,
from IPR and

.13
develop IPR-based strategies. The circulation of cultural goods and
, 14.
services remains below its
.15
potential.

Existing rules are also under the additional strain from the acceleration of .
technological

,
progress, which changes the way products and services are produced,

disseminated and

consumed. Europe is not always sufficiently at the forefront of providing

new digital services.
.
For example, the legal complexities of digitising its cultural heritage with ,
a view to making it


accessible online could provoke a "knowledge gap", if not addressed.

The enforcement of IPR within Europe and at its borders remains
. ,
imperfect. At the moment
,
of cultural goods and services and expressions.

 ,
.
.
use of protected works. So far, the EU's IP enforcement framework has
,
not been reconciled

with the new digital environment. In the context of a general reflection

on adapting EU
2010 .

policies to the digital era, attractive and affordable legal offers of digital

content to consumers
-
must be developed in parallel to any measures to further strengthen IPR
.
enforcement. The
13 ( 2010 ) 790 .
promotion and the protection of IPR, furthermore, do not stop at the
2011/167/ 14 10. 2011
EU's borders. This has

become a pressing issue in the context of the globalisation of trade flows, , 76 , 22.3.2011 , . 53. .
15 ( 2011 ) 215 ( 2011 ) 216 .
and as IPR
8
constitute a major asset for the EU's competitiveness on emerging
3.1.2 .
markets.

.
Promoting creation and innovation and driving economic growth are
common goals of
,

intellectual property and competition law. Strong protection and

,
enforcement of IPR should
.
be accompanied by rigorous application of competition rules in order to

prevent the abuse of

IPR which can hamper innovation or exclude new entrants, and especially .
,
SMEs, from

markets.

EN 7 EN

The need for a vision to manage change

The governance of the EU IP framework should be modernized so that, in .
the development of new technologies poses a challenge for the
prevention of the unauthorised

particular, the
complexity of costs and transactions are reduced and legal certainty is
increased, in particular
for SMEs. This should include an increased recourse to new technologies
and tools such as
machine translation and search tools.
Care should be taken to ensure the right balance between protection of
rights and access, i.e.
to develop fair regimes rewarding and incentivising inventors and
creators, whilst ensuring
the circulation and dissemination of goods and services, the exercise of
other fundamental
rights and the promotion and preservation of cultural and linguistic
diversity. The
consolidation and streamlining of the governance of IPR should go hand
in hand with
strengthening enforcement tools both on the EU and international levels.
3. KEY POLICY INITIATIVES TO MEET THE CHALLENGES AHEAD
3.1. Reform of the patent system in Europe and accompanying measures
3.1.1. A unitary patent protection
The current European patent system is complex, fragmented and costly:
obtaining a European
patent validated in only 13 Member States can cost up to ten times more
than a US patent. To
date, if an SME wants to obtain or maintain patent protection for all 27
EU Member States for
20 years, the company would, over this period, need to disburse an
estimated EUR 200,000, a

,

( -1/09 )

.




,
.
3.1.3 .

16

, -
. ,

,
,
.
2011 ,


,
.
, " '



.
,

large part of these costs consisting in translation costs and costs resulting
from necessary
transactions with national offices.
However, work is underway to create unitary patent protection for
twenty-five Member States
within the framework of enhanced cooperation.13 Following the
adoption of the decision of
the Council authorising enhanced cooperation,14 the Commission has
tabled proposals for
implementing measures.15 It will work with the European Parliament
and the participating
Member States to adopt these measures as quickly as possible. The
overall aim of the unitary
patent is that companies will enjoy significant cost-savings as soon as
possible and it will
contribute largely to the simplification of administrative procedures
through the elimination of
the need to validate these patents at national level.
In addition, the development of machine translation systems is an
essential feature that can
help reduce high translation costs and make patent protection affordable
for companies of all
sizes. As such, machine translations will not only increase access to
patent protection but also
to patent information in different languages as from the application
stage. This is crucial for
spreading technological knowledge and for fostering innovation in
general. In that respect, the
Commission welcomes and promotes the machine translation

,

.

2011 .
3.2 .

20 17 15 18 .
. , ,

16 2 5 .
17. 2008/95/ 22.
2008
, 299,
8.11.2008 , . 25. .
18 ( ) 207 / 2009 26. 2009
, 78 ,
24.3.2009 , .1 .
9
2010 ( 98.000 ) ,

, 2011 ,

1996 . , , ,
, ,
,
- .
,
.
2009 ,

programme for patent

documents which was launched by the European Patent Office in 2010.
The aim is to make
machine translations available for the official languages of the
contracting states to the
European Patent Convention - which includes all official EU languages.
13 COM (2010) 790 final.
14 Council Decision 2011/167/EU of 10 March 2011 authorizing
enhanced cooperation in the area of the
creation of unitary patent protection, OJ L 76, 22.3.2011, p. 53.
15 COM (2011) 215 final and COM (2011) 216 final.
EN 8 EN
3.1.2. A unified patent litigation system
Disputes related to patents have to be resolved in different national
courts. As well as being
extremely expensive and time-consuming for patent holders, this
fragmentation risks
producing different decisions in different Member States, creating legal
uncertainty.
The creation of unitary patent protection has to be accompanied by
appropriate jurisdictional
arrangements responding to the needs of the users of the patent system.
In order for the
unitary patent protection to work properly in practice, appropriate
jurisdictional arrangements
should allow for patents to be enforced or revoked throughout the
territory of the participating
Member States and at the same time should ensure high quality

.
,

2011 .


, .

: ( 1 ) ,

, ( 2 ) ,

, ( 3 )


; ( 4 )

( )

,

,
;
( 5 ) , ,

, ( 6 )

.
,

judgements and legal security

for companies. Work on specific jurisdictional arrangements is currently
being taken forward,
taking also into account the recent opinion of the Court of Justice of the
European Union
(A-1/09) on the compatibility of the draft agreement on the European
and EU Patents Court
with the Treaties.
A unified patent litigation system which would govern both European
bundled patents and
European patents with unitary effect would considerably reduce
litigation costs and the time
taken to resolve patent disputes, whilst increasing legal certainty for
users.
3.1.3. An IPR valorisation instrument
Intangible assets may account for up to three quarters of corporate
value16 and intellectual
property rights have reached such a level of financial visibility and
impact, that IP-based
transactions are gaining more and more importance. As a consequence,
companies need to
develop appropriate management of such intangible assets, such as
patents, trademarks and
copyright.
In its conclusions of February 2011, the European Council invited the
Commission to explore
options for setting up an intellectual property rights valorisation
instrument at European level,

.
3.3 .

. ,

,


,

.

, ,
, , ,
.


. " ,


.
,

in particular to ease SMEs' access to the knowledge market. In this

context, 'valorisation'
refers to valuing intangible assets in accounting terms and to increasing
the opportunities to
get better value out of IPR and leverage financing.
In order to carefully examine this issue, the Commission has launched a
comprehensive
analysis including an expert group and a feasibility study. These activities
will offer a general
picture of the situation and help the Commission to consider potential
options for the setting
up of such an IPR valorisation instrument, as e.g. an innovative European
IPR knowledge
market platform to facilitate transfer and trading. The Commission will
report back to the
European Council before the end of 2011.
3.2. Modernisation of the trade mark system in Europe
National trade mark registration in the EU Member States has been
harmonised for almost
20 years17 and the Community trade mark was established 15 years
ago18. The trade mark
system in Europe shows clear successes. This is reflected, inter alia, in
new record figures for
16 See point 2 and footnote 5.
17 Directive 2008/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 22 October 2008 to
approximate the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks, OJ L
299, 8.11.2008, p. 25.

.
,
10
,

,
.
, ,
.
3.3.1 .
,

" "
,
,

.

.



.19
24.3.2009, p.1.

EN 9 EN


Community trade mark applications filed in 2010 (more than 98,000),
.20
and the expected
, 2011 ,
receipt, in 2011, of the millionth application since the creation of the

Community trade mark

in 1996. However, stakeholders are increasingly demanding faster, higher -
quality, more
.
streamlined trade mark registration systems, which are more consistent,

user friendly, publicly
19 2010
accessible and technologically up-to-date. To meet these demands, the
2 ,
trade mark system in
8 7. .
20 , , 27
Europe needs to be modernised and adapted to the internet era.
10
In 2009, the Commission launched a comprehensive evaluation of the
. 15 ; 7
overall functioning of
12 ;
the trade mark system in Europe. On the basis of this evaluation and an
( ) 11 ; 10 ,
impact assessment,

9 : ://.the Commission will present proposals to revise both the Community
.///-. .
Trade Mark Regulation
11
and the Trade Mark Directive in the last quarter of 2011.
,

The objective of the review is to modernise the system both at EU and

national levels by
.
,
making it more effective, efficient and consistent as a whole. Particular

focus will be on
, .
possibilities of: (1) simplifying and speeding up the registration

procedure, taking into

18 Council Regulation (EC) No 207/2009 of 26 February 2009 on the
Community trade mark, OJ L78,

account the requirements of the electronic age; (2) increasing legal

certainty, such as by
redefining what may constitute a trade mark; (3) clarifying the scope of
trade mark rights inter
alia as regards goods in various situations throughout the EU customs
territory; (4) providing
a framework for increased cooperation between the Office for
Harmonisation in the Internal
Market (OHIM) at Alicante and national trade mark offices with the aim
of harmonising
administrative practice and developing common tools, such as those
which offer far greater
options for conducting priority searches, and watching the registry for
infringing registrations;
and (5) making the Directive more coherent with the Regulation, in
particular, by further
aligning the legal grounds of refusal for registration at European level,
and (6) aligning the
grounds for refusal and for coexistence under both the Directive and the
Regulation to rules
on geographical indications.
In any case, any amendment which the Commission will propose to the
Regulation on the
Community trade mark will be consistent with the single market concept
and preserve the
unitary character of this successful IP title.
3.3. Creation of a comprehensive framework for copyright in the digital
single

: , ,
.

,

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.

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2001/29/ 21

.

market
The internet is borderless but online markets in the EU are still
fragmented by multiple
barriers. Europe remains a patchwork of national online markets and
there are cases when
Europeans are unable to buy copyright protected works or services
electronically across a
digital single market. Technology, the fast evolving nature of digital
business models and the
growing autonomy of online consumers, all call for a constant
assessment as to whether
current copyright rules set the right incentives and enable right holders,
users of rights and
consumers to take advantage of the opportunities that modern
technologies provide.
Authors and other creators expect a fair return for the use of their work,
be they books,
newspaper articles, sound recordings, performances, films or
photographs. This is also true of
publishers and producers who provide investments to produce and
disseminate creative
works. The potential exists to increase authors' and creators' returns if a
proper copyright
environment facilitates the licensing and the dissemination of works in a
digital single market.
A European governance framework to manage the interface between
creators, commercial
users and consumers is crucial if Europe is to exploit the full potential
that new technologies

.
"
"
118.
,
.
.
,
,

2012 , 2001/29/

.
3.3.2 .

.



.
,

,

,

.

21 2001/29/ 22. 2011

, 167 , 22.6.2001 , . 10. .
12

and the digital marketplace offer. Europe must develop copyright

licensing services,
EN 10 EN
combined with web applications and tools, to foster vibrant cultural and
creative industries
that allow millions of citizens to use and share published knowledge and
entertainment easily
and legally across the Union irrespective of their Member State of
residence. A series of
Commission initiatives, set out below, will be proposed to make this goal
a reality.
3.3.1. European copyright governance and management
Irrespective of the technology used, reforms of copyright in the internal
market should take
the form of "enabling legislation" for the use of copyright in the most
efficient way, thereby
setting the right incentives for creation and investment, innovative
business models and
dissemination of works. They should help to enhance the depth and
breadth of repertoire that
is available to all consumers across the European Union. Gaps in the
availability of online
services for consumers in certain Member States should be closed by
creating a stable
framework for the governance of copyright at European level which will
be fit for new
emerging business models.
Emerging Business Models

.22


. ,

.

, .
3.3.3 .


(
, , , - - ,
) ,

- ( ) .23
,


.



.

Digital content
Hardware
Broadcasters
Retail
Networks
Platforms
The creation of a European framework for online copyright licensing
would greatly stimulate
the legal offer of protected cultural goods and services across the EU.19
Modern licensing
technology could help make a wider range of online services available
cross-border or even
create services that are available all over Europe.20
This is why, in 2011, the Commission will submit proposals to create a
legal framework for
the collective management of copyright to enable multi-territorial and
pan-European
licensing. While the focus on the cross-border management of copyrights
in the online
environment is of particular importance in view of the development of a
digital marketplace
19 The 2010 IFPI Music Report shows that an average European spends
less than EUR 2 on digital music,
whereas an average American spends almost EUR 8 and an average
Japanese EUR 7.
20 EMusic, a leading service provider, is present in 27 Member States
and has a catalogue of 10 million
tracks. iTunes is present in 15 Member States; 7digital and Vodafone in

.

""

-
"
.

.

,

,


.
3.3.4 .




.24

(
)
2009 .

2011

, ,

22
( )

12 Member States; Nokia

(OviMusic) in 11 Member States; YouTube in 10 Member States; whereas
LastFM is present in
9 Member States: http://www.promusic.org/Content/GetMusicOnline/stores-europe.php.
EN 11 EN
for cultural goods and services, attention should also be given to the
governance structures of
other forms of collectively managed rights.
The new framework should establish common rules on governance,
transparency and
effective supervision, including collectively managed revenue streams.
Clearer rules on
copyright licensing and distribution of revenues will ultimately create a
level playing field for
all actors: right holders, collecting societies, service providers and
consumers.
To foster the development of new online services covering a greater
share of the world
repertoire and serving a greater share of European consumers, the
framework should allow for
the creation of European "rights brokers" able to license and manage the
world's musical
repertoire on a multi-territorial level while also ensuring the
development of Europe's cultural
diversity. To that end, an enforceable European rights management
regime that facilitates
cross-border licensing should be put in place. Cross-border management

( ) .

()

, ,
.
23

( ( 2008 ) 466 ( 2009
) 532
) .
.
24

.
( 2007 ) ,
453
2006
.
13
, ,

.

2012 .
3.3.5 .

of copyright for
online services requires a high level of technical expertise, infrastructure
and electronic
networking. The means should be provided to ensure that all operators
comply with a high
level of service standards for both right holders and users and that
competition is not
distorted.
Another approach for a more far-reaching overhaul of copyright at
European level could be
the creation of a European Copyright Code. This could encompass a
comprehensive
codification of the present body of EU copyright directives in order to
harmonise and
consolidate the entitlements provided by copyright and related rights at
EU level. This would
also provide an opportunity to examine whether the current exceptions
and limitations to
copyright granted under the 2001/29/EC Directive21 need to be updated
or harmonised at EU
level. A Code could therefore help to clarify the relationship between the
various exclusive
rights enjoyed by rights holders and the scope of the exceptions and
limitations to those
rights.
The Commission will also examine the feasibility of creating an optional
"unitary" copyright
title on the basis of Article 118 TFEU and its potential impact for the

,
,

, ,
. 2011
,


( ,
) .


( " -
" ) .

" " .25

26

.


" "
.
,

, .
27 (
2010 )

.

" "


.
holders and consumers.

These issues require further study and analysis. The Commission will
.
examine these issues,

inter alia, in the context of the dialogue with stakeholders foreseen in the .

Digital Agenda for
,
Europe and report in 2012, in particular on whether the 2001/29/EC

Directive needs to be

updated.
.
,
3.3.2. Technology and database management

The ubiquity of the internet has spurred the need to improve collective
,
licensing practices.

.
Technology can provide a rich source of pragmatic solutions to adapt

copyright licensing to

the internet and support the distribution of collectively managed

revenue streams. Against this
, .
backdrop, the Commission will support measures to make it simpler and

efficient to access
, , ,
,
copyright protected works through innovative licensing technologies,
. ,
certification of licensing

infrastructures, identification and data exchange of actual usage and

,
electronic data

.
management. It will encourage and support projects undertaken by
various stakeholders to

.
21 Directive 2001/29/EC of 22 May 2011 on the harmonization of certain
25 - -
aspects of copyright and related

rights in the information society, OJ L167, 22.6.2001, p. 10.
,
.
EN 12 EN
single market, right

develop automated and integrated standards-based rights management

infrastructures.22 Interoperable
online databases should help identify right holders and foster the
development of
licensing infrastructures. For example, the compilation and availability of
accurate
information on music authors rights ownership information in one
authoritative database is
key to facilitating efficient cross border licensing and distribution of
royalties to the relevant
right holders in a consistent manner across Europe and will also facilitate
licensing of
European repertoire abroad and corresponding distribution of royalties
back to their European
authors. This information should be publicly available and provide
transparent information to
users, thus facilitating licensing.
3.3.3. User-generated content
In light of the fast development of social networking and social media
sites which rely on the
creation and upload of online content by end-users (blogs, podcasts,
posts, wikis, mash-ups,
file and video sharing), specific attention will be given to possible
approaches to deal with socalled
user-created or user-generated content (UGC).23 In line with its overall
approach, the
Commission advocates responsible use while ensuring that users enjoy
the full benefits of

, ,
.
26 ://..// .
27 ://../_///-_. # .
14


.
,
( , )
.

, .28
3.3.6 .

.
, ,

,
.

29
.
, ,

, ,


.

new interactive online services.

There is a growing realisation that solutions are needed to make it easier
and affordable for
end-users to use third-party copyright protected content in their own
works. Users who
integrate copyright-protected materials in their own creations which are
uploaded on the
internet must have recourse to a simple and efficient permissions
system. This is particularly
pertinent in the case of "amateur" users whose UGC is created for noncommercial purposes
and yet who face infringement proceedings if they upload material
without the right holders'
consent. The time has come to build on the strength of copyright to act
as a broker between
rights holders and users of content in a responsible way. The Commission
will explore the
issue further, including via contacts with all interested parties notably in
the context of the
above mentioned dialogue with stakeholders, in order to strike a balance
between the rights of
content creators and the need to take account of new forms of
expression.
3.3.4. Private copying levies
The proper functioning of the internal market also requires conciliation
of private copying
levies with the free movements of goods to enable the smooth crossborder trade in goods that
are subject to private copying levies.24 Efforts will be redoubled to kick-

3.3.7 .
,



, . ,
2011 ,

2012 .
, ,
,

,
.


.
3.3.8 . '
2011 ,

.30

, :
,

,

, 31 .
28 ( . 23 )


.
agreement built on the achievements of a draft Memorandum of

Understanding (MoU)

brokered by the Commission in 2009. A high level independent mediator
will be appointed in

( 20 )
2011 and tasked with exploring possible approaches with a view to
.
harmonising the
29 ( 2008 ) 464 .
methodology used to impose levies, improve the administration of levies,
30 2001/84/ 27. 2001
specifically the type

22 Examples of these initiatives include the development of a Global
, 272 , 13.10.2001 , . 32. .
Repertoire Database (GRD) and the
31

Automated Content Access Protocol (ACAP). The Commission is already
1. 2012 .
supporting the Accessible

Registries of Rights Information and Orphan Works (ARROW) to identify
15
right holders and clarify the
3.4 .

rights status of a work, e.g., whether it is an orphan or out-of-commerce

work.
" "
23 This issue had been raised in the Commission's Green Paper on
.
Copyright in the Knowledge Economy
3.4.1 .
and subsequent Communication of the same name (COM (2008) 466 and .32
COM (2009) 532

, ,
respectively). The conclusion was that further study on the subject was
(
necessary.
, ) .
24 Levies are payments due on recording equipment and blank recording

media in some of the Member
.
States that have introduced a statutory exception for private copying.

According to Econlaw (2007),
: ,
, , , , , ,
EUR 453 million of private copying levies have been collected on digital
, , ,
devices and carriers in 2006 in
start a stakeholder

 , , .
.
EN 13 EN
,
of equipment that is subject to levies, the setting of tariff rates, and the

inter-operability of the
: , , ,
, , ,
various national systems in light of the cross-border effects that a
, , , (
disparate levy system has on

the internal market. A concerted effort on all sides to resolve outstanding
) . , ,
issues should lay the
,
ground for comprehensive legislative action at EU level by 2012.
,
, ,
3.3.5. Access to Europe's cultural heritage and fostering media plurality
.
Facilitating the preservation and dissemination of Europe's rich cultural

and intellectual

heritage and encouraging the creation of European digital libraries is key ,

,
for the development
, ,
of the knowledge economy. Innovative licensing solutions are needed to

promote the seamless
,
sharing of knowledge and culture that allow academic institutions,

businesses, researchers and
. ,

private individuals to lawfully use copyright-protected materials while
, 33
compensating authors,

publishers, and other creators for the use of their works. In 2011, the
,
Commission intends to

: ,
proceed by way of a two-pronged approach to promote the digitisation
and making available
,
, -
of the collections of European cultural institutions (libraries, museums
.34
and archives). One
,
strand is the promotion of collective licensing schemes for works still

protected by copyright
.
the European Union.

but no longer commercially available (works that are "out-ofcommerce"). The other is a
European legislative framework to identify and make available so-called
"orphan works".25
The successful completion of these two initiatives will also boost the
development of
Europeana26 as an online platform through which citizens can access the
diversity and
richness of Europe's cultural heritage.
The Commission is also committed to continue working with Member
States to develop
viable solutions to tackle the "book famine" faced by millions of visuallyimpaired people. At
present, only a very small percentage of publications are available in
accessible formats such
as Braille, large print or audio. The Commission recently brokered a
MoU27 (signed in
September 2010) to facilitate the cross-border exchange of works in
special formats and make
them accessible to persons with a visual impairment. The MoU
establishes a system of
"trusted intermediaries" tasked with the online delivery of special format
materials across
national borders. The Commission will continue to work with
stakeholders to set up a network
of trusted intermediaries in each Member State. This will allow the
seamless delivery of
special format materials in a safe environment across the EU. The system
set up by the MoU

,

.
"
" " - ' .35


.
,
.
32 - ,
,
,

, .
33 , ,
2009 ,
://.../////2010/
2009.?__=
.
34 (
) , '
: .
' , 2010 ,

://..///
_4510. .
35 " " .
16

.
,

will be subject to an annual review in order to determine whether the

cross-border exchange
of specially formatted material actually increases or whether action
needs to be stepped up.
Journalists are authors and their work is important not only because they
report, comment on
and interpret the world we live in but also because freedom of the press
is living testimony to
Europe's pluralistic and democratic society. Protecting authors' rights for
journalists and
ensuring that they maintain a say over how their works are exploited is
therefore central to
maintaining independent, high-quality and professional journalism.
Publishers themselves
play an important role in disseminating the work of writers, journalists,
researchers, scientists,
photographers and other creators. In this respect, it is important to
safeguard the rights that
journalists and publishers have over the use of their works on the
internet, in particular in
view of the rise of news aggregation services. The Commission will
continue to examine
these issues in the light of new legal and technical developments.
25 Out-of-commerce works differ from orphan works to the extent that
their authors or publishers are
known, but the book is not available in traditional or in the new
electronic channels of trade. Orphan
works are works where the author is not known or, even if known,
cannot be located.

.
,

. ,

( ,
, , ) ,
-

( , , ) .



, ( ) ,

( , ) . ,

,
:
. ,

.


" " ,
.


.

.
3.4.2 .
()

 . ,

27 http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/copyright/copyright .
infso/copyright-infso_en.htm#otherdocs.
, - ,
EN 14 EN

Open access as a way of maximising the dissemination of research results ( , ,

is a relatively
)
recent phenomenon. Different ways to achieve open access exist, in

particular open access

.
publishing (for example in open access journals) and self-archiving by

authors in institutional
-

or subject-based repositories. The potential of open access to increase
. , access to knowledge is

already widely recognised among the science community, and is being

further explored.28
.

3.3.6. Performers' rights

The Commission is committed to ensuring that all forms of creativity are

,
rewarded. In an age
.
that thrives on multi-media formats, it is often the case that performers, ,
including professional

ones, are not duly recognised and rewarded for their creative input to an
. ,
artistic work. One

way to achieve a fair and level playing field amongst creators is to bring
,
the term of
.
protection of performers in the music field more in line with that of
17
authors. The Commission
3.5 . 36

has made such a proposal29 and expects its adoption in the very near

future. The benefits of
.
this early deliverable, as part of the Commission's overall copyright

26 http://www.europeana.eu/portal/.

policy, will also extend to

producers whose increased revenue streams, particularly from the
internet, will encourage
new talent and incentivise producers to invest in new musical acts.
3.3.7. Audiovisual works
Getting the conditions right for smooth, easier and technologically
neutral solutions for crossborder
and pan-European licensing in the audiovisual sector will help content
producers to
increase the availability of content, to the benefit of European citizens.
The Commission, in
2011, will launch a consultation on online distribution of audiovisual
works with a view to
reporting in 2012. The consultation will address copyright issues, videoon-demand services,
their introduction in the media chronology, the cross-border licensing of
broadcasting
services, licensing efficiency and the aspect of promotion of European
works. The audiovisual
Green Paper will also address the status of audiovisual authors and their
participation in the
benefits of online revenue streams.
3.3.8. Artists' resale right
In October 2011, the Commission will report on the implementation and
effects of the Resale
Right Directive.30 It is currently conducting a public consultation to
address a wide range of
questions relating to the implementation of this Directive, including: the

. (
2009 )

100 2000
250 2007,37 ,

150 .



26.704 2005 43.572
2009 ,
60 .38

, ,
, ,

.

( )

8 .39



.40


, 41

1383/ 200342

, , 2009 ,

 .43

Directive on the internal market, on the competitiveness of the EU

market in modern and

contemporary art, on the effect of the introduction of the resale right in

those Member States

.
that did not apply the resale right in national law prior to the entry into
.
force of the

Directive,31 and on the fostering of artistic creativity.
,
28 The Digital Agenda for Europe (p. 23) highlights that knowledge
. ,
transfer activities should be managed

. ,
effectively and supported by suitable financial instruments and publicly

funded research should be
36 " "
widely disseminated through Open Access publication of scientific data

and papers. The Innovation

2
Union Communication announces that the Commission will promote
2004/48/ , 94 , 13.4.2005 , . 37. .
open access to the results of
37 ,
publicly funded research and that it will aim to make open access to
- 2009 ,
publications the general principle
://..//23/0 , 3343 ,
for projects funded by the EU Research Framework Programmes
_2649_34173_44088983_1_1_1_1 , 00. .
(Commitment 20).
38
://../_//_/
29 COM (2008) 464 final.
_//
30 Directive 2001/84/EC of 27 September 2001 on the resale right for the _. .
benefit of the author of an
39 ( 2000 ) ,
original work of art, OJ L272, 13.10.2001, p. 32.
,
, .
31 Some Member States benefit from an exemption to apply the resale
40 , , ' 2011 -
right to the works of deceased
' ,
artists which expires on 1 January 2012. Trade in works subject to the
://...//__
hereditary resale right is four
___ ( ) /
impact of the

EN 15 EN
3.4. The issue of complementary protection of intangible assets
Current EU legislation on the protection of IPR is complemented by
national rules on certain
practices of "competing at the edge of the law" which often lie at the
boundaries between the
protection of industrial property and other areas of law.
3.4.1. Trade secrets and parasitic copies
One example is the protection of trade secrets.32 Trade secrets are
valuable intangible assets of
a company such as a technology, a business or marketing strategy, a data
compilation (for
example, a customer list) or a recipe. The legal regimes in the Member
States and the level of
protection granted throughout the EU differ considerably.
A number of Member States have specific civil law provisions on trade
secrets: Bulgaria,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, and Sweden. Some of these additionally provide for
criminal sanctions.
However, a significant number of Member States do not have any
specific provisions of civil
law on trade secrets: Belgium, Cyprus, United Kingdom, Ireland, Finland,
Luxembourg,
Malta, the Netherlands, Romania, and France (although the French IP
Code regulates some
aspects of it). Trade secrets can nevertheless be protected, at least in

_2011. .
41 2004/48/ 29. 2004
, 157 ,
30.4.2004 , . 16. .
42 ( ) 1383 / 2003 22. 2003



, 196 , 02.08.2003 , . 7. .
43

11. 2009 , ( 2009 ) 467 .
18
201044


. ,
,
2010 ,

,

.
3.5.1 .



.45

.
,
, ,

.46

part, by other means,

such as a general cause of prohibition of unfair competition, tort law,
contract law, labour law
and criminal law.
The significant differences in national laws on the nature and scope of
trade secrets
protection, as well as regards the available means of redress and
respective remedies,
inevitably result in different levels of protection; with the consequence
that, depending on
their location, some companies are better equipped than others to face
the challenge of an
information based economy. In recent years, trade secrets have become
increasingly
vulnerable to espionage attacks from the outside,33 in particular due to
enhanced data
exchange and use of the internet, and they are also more and more
threatened from the inside
of the company: according to a private sector study, employee theft of
sensitive information,
e.g., is ten times costlier than accidental loss on a per-incident basis.34 In
other circumstances
however, trade secrets can also be invoked to withhold critical
information to hamper
innovation and technical developments by competitors. Considering the
complexity of this
issue and its various implications, the Commissions needs to pursue its
reflection and gather
comprehensive evidence before taking a position on a possible way

,
,
.


.
3.5.2 .


,

. , ,

, .
, ,

. ,

,
,

( . ) ,


. ,

,

forward.
Another area of interest is the protection against so-called 'parasitic
copies' or 'look-alikes'.35
Parasitic copies are designed to resemble existing products of well
established brands while
times greater than trade in works by living artists. In these circumstances,
the Commission's report will
be prospective in nature.
32 Trade secrets refer to know-how that has not or not yet been
registered as industrial property rights but
that is actually or potentially valuable to its owner and not generally
known or readily ascertainable by
the public, and which the owner has made a reasonable effort to keep
secret.
33 See e.g. Bundesministerium des Innern, Verfassungsschutzbericht
2009, available at
http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Broschueren/2010
/vsb2009.pdf?__blob=publicati
onFile.
34 Forrester Consulting (study carried out on behalf of RSA and
Microsoft), 'The Value of Corporate
Secrets: How Compliance and Collaboration Affect Enterprise Perceptions
of Risk.', March 2010,
available at
http://www.rsa.com/go/press/RSATheSecurityDivisionofEMCNewsReleas
e_4510.html.
35 Referred to in some jurisdictions as 'slavish imitations'.
EN 16 EN

( ) ,
,
.
44 ( 2010 ) 779 ,
://../_//_.
.
452009 (
:
://../_/ ) 55 % (
) 84 % ( )

.
. ,

, ,
.
46 22. 2010 , 2009 / 2178
( ) .
19
, - -

, ,


.


2010,47

maintaining certain differences that prevent them from qualifying as

counterfeits. They may
confuse consumers who either do not pay much attention while
shopping or who do not know
the brand well enough to recognise the differences.
Also this phenomenon is dealt with by Member States using different
concepts and providing
different levels of protection. Thus, while some Member States have
specific provisions on
parasitic copying under unfair competition law (Austria, Germany, Czech
Republic, Spain), in
some others parasitic copying is dealt with under a catch-all or general
clause of prohibition
of unfair competition (Belgium, Denmark, Finland). Other Member
States' laws do not
contain any provisions on unfair competition applicable to parasitic
copying and such matters
are dealt with by the Civil Code, either in specific provisions (Italy), or by
the provisions
generally applicable to tort (France, The Netherlands). Finally, in the
United Kingdom there is
no law on unfair competition, and there are no specific provisions on
parasitic copying: rather
the tort of passing off must be used. For this reason, the effectiveness of
the protection varies
considerably.
The Commission has embarked on work to determine the economic
impact of the current
fragmentation of the legal framework with a view to the protection of

2012 .

.
3.5.3 .
, 2004/48/

2012 .

48

.
,
,
.

,
, , ,

.

,

, ,

.49
, ,

4. 2011,50
,
,

,
( ,

trade secrets and against

other practices of "competing at the edge of the law", such as parasitic
copying. This work
will include a comprehensive external study and a stakeholder
consultation to examine the
actual economic and societal impact of these practices. It will also assess
the economic
benefits that would derive from an EU approach in these areas.
3.4.2. Non-agricultural geographical indications
Geographical indications (GIs) are a tool for securing the link between a
product's quality and
its geographical origin. This allows for niche marketing, brand
development and reputationbased
marketing.
However, for the protection of non-agricultural products, Member States
offer different legal
systems (for instance, through competition or consumer protection law,
or through collective
or certification marks) and only on third of them have developed specific
legislation
considering GIs as a specific IPR. This fragmentation of the legal
framework to grant
protection for GIs for non-agricultural products may negatively affect the
functioning of the
internal market. Besides, protection for GIs for non-agricultural products
is also an important
issue in bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations with third countries.
The Commission is about to launch a feasibility study on the issue of GIs

) .
3.6 .

.


, - . ,

,
.
51 "

" .
47
://../_//_.
.
48
://../_//_.
.
49.
17 ( 2 ) .
50
://../_//_
_. # .
51
://...//.?=&=&
=7--20100340 .
20
2004 "

"52


and non-food products, encompassing all areas of law in this context. The . ,

work will notably
.53
provide an analysis of the existing legal frameworks in the Member
3.6.1 . ,
States, an in-depth


assessment of the stakeholders' needs and the potential economic

impact of protection for

non-agricultural GIs. Drawing on the results of this work, following

further reflection and
,
comprehensive evidence gathering, the Commission will decide on the
,
appropriate way

.
forward.

EN 17 EN
,

3.5. Enhanced fight against counterfeiting and piracy36

,
Products and services based on IPR can be difficult and expensive to

create but cheap to
.54
replicate and reproduce. Organised and large-scale infringement of IPR

has become a global

.55
,
phenomenon and is causing worldwide concern. The latest OECD study

(2009) estimates that

1996
international trade in counterfeit goods grew from just over USD 100
.
billion in 2000 to


USD 250 billion in 2007.37 According to the OECD, this amount is larger
than the national
.

GDPs of about 150 economies. The figures published by the European
.
Commission on

national customs activities reflect that the number of registered cases of
goods suspected of

for non-agricultural

infringing IPR rose from 26,704 in 2005 to 43,572 in 2009, an increase of

more than
60 percent in five years.38
Infringers of IPR deprive EU creators of appropriate rewards, create
barriers to innovation,
harm competitiveness, destroy jobs, decrease public finances and
possibly threaten the health
and safety of EU citizens. A study carried out by the Centre for Economics
and Business
Research (CEBR) stresses that losses caused by counterfeiting and piracy
could reduce EU
GDP by EUR 8 billion annually.39 Counterfeiting also generates large
profits for organised
crime groups and distorts the internal market by encouraging illicit
practices within
businesses.40
The EU has begun to address this challenge through civil law measures
allowing right holders
to enforce their intellectual property rights,41 through the EU Customs
Regulation
N1383/200342 which allows for the detention of goods suspected of
infringing IPR at the
EU's external borders, and by launching, in 2009, a European Observatory
on Counterfeiting
and Piracy.43 The Observatory's main objectives are to collect and report
data on the
economic and societal implications of counterfeiting and piracy and to
create a platform for
representatives from national authorities and stakeholders to exchange

. 2010 ,

.
,


.

.
,

.

ideas and expertise on

best practices.
The success of these first measures shows that the EU is on the right
path. The initial work of

.
3.6.2 .

the Observatory has triggered positive responses from the European

Parliament, the Member
States and private-sector stakeholders. However, these reactions also
show that there is need
to expand the current work. Furthermore, the Commission report on the
application of the IPR
36 The term "counterfeiting and piracy" should be understood as
covering the infringement of all
intellectual property rights as referred to in the Statement by the
Commission concerning Article 2 of
Directive 2004/48/EC, OJ L94, 13.4.2005, p. 37.
37 OECD, Magnitude of counterfeiting and piracy of tangible products
November 2009 update,
http://www.oecd.org/document/23/0,3343,en_2649_34173_44088983_
1_1_1_1,00.html.
38
http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/customs/customs_controls/count
erfeit_piracy/statistics/
index_en.htm.
39 CEBR (2000), The Impact of Counterfeiting on four main sectors in the
European Union, Centre for
Economic and Business Research, London.
40 See e.g. Europol, 'OCTA 2011 - EU Organised Crime Threat
Assessment',

3.6.3 .

http://www.europol.europa.eu/publications/European_Organised_Crim
e_Threat_Assessment_(OCTA)/
OCTA_2011.pdf.

41 Directive 2004/48/EC of 29 April 2004 on the enforcement of

intellectual property rights, OJ L157,

30.4.2004, p. 16.

42 Council Regulation (EC) No 1383/2003 of 22 July 2003 concerning

customs action against goods
suspected of infringing certain intellectual property rights and the
measures to be taken against goods

1.

found to have infringed such rights, OJ L 196 , 02.08.2003, p. 7.

43 See Communication on enhancing the enforcement of intellectual
property rights in the Internal Market
of 11 September 2009, COM (2009) 467.
EN 18 EN
Enforcement Directive published in December 201044 confirmed the
need to strengthen the

.
4. .

existing legislative framework for enforcement and to supplement this by

voluntary
arrangements between stakeholders. Finally, the review of the EU
Customs Regulation, which
included a public consultation in 2010, concluded that the legislation
should be revised to
extend the scope for customs control, as well as to clarify some
procedures to safeguard the
interests of legitimate traders.
3.5.1. Public awareness
Consumers tend not to be aware of the value of IPR and the negative

economic and societal

impact of counterfeiting and piracy and the potential dangers related to
counterfeit products.45

Better information of citizens is therefore an important factor for a

successful IP policy. Also
the European Parliament has called on the Commission, the Member
States and on
stakeholders to raise consumers' awareness, especially among young
people, and enable them

to understand what is at stake in intellectual property.46

The Commission will therefore take action, in close cooperation with the
European
Parliament and with stakeholders, to foster appropriate public awareness
campaigns. The

European Observatory on Counterfeiting and Piracy is also expected to

.
contribute to this
objective.
3.5.2. A more sustainable structure for the European Observatory on
Counterfeiting and
Piracy and new tasks
To meet the challenges requires solid evidence of the scope of the
problem, improved
knowledge about the origins of counterfeit and pirated goods, of the
distribution channels and

the different actors involved. Furthermore, as trends are changing

quickly, in particular in the

online sphere, stakeholders and public administrations have to cooperate

more.

The Commission, therefore, proposes to extend the tasks currently

assigned to the European

Observatory on Counterfeiting and Piracy. In future, these tasks should

encompass also the

design and organisation of public-awareness campaigns, the provision of

appropriate training
measures for enforcement authorities, conducting research on
innovative enforcement and
detection systems that on the one hand allow licit offers to be as
innovative and attractive as

2012

possible and on the other allow for more effective enforcement against
counterfeiting and
piracy (e.g. traceability systems), and the coordination of international
cooperation on
capacity building with international organisations and third countries. To
this end, the
Observatory will need a more sustainable structure in terms of expertise,
resources and

technical equipment. The tasks of the Observatory should therefore be

entrusted to the Office
for Harmonisation in the Internal Market (OHIM) which, in relation to
these tasks, should be
mandated to cover all categories of IPR.
44 COM (2010) 779,
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/directives_en.htm.
45 A 2009 Eurobarometer study carried out by DG MARKT (available at:
http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/) revealed that only between 55%
(LT and DK) and 84% (FR) of
consumers are aware that there are EU rules on counterfeiting and

2012

piracy. This was a much lower

awareness percentage than in other policy areas. Furthermore, the study
revealed that that one out of
five EU citizens had, on at least one occasion, unintentionally bought a
counterfeit product.

46 European Parliament Resolution of 22 September 2010,

2009/2178(INI).
EN 19 EN
In that context, the OHIM will also improve day-to-day cooperation
between enforcement
authorities and cooperation with private stakeholders, inter alia, by
building a new electronic
information exchange and an early warning system on counterfeit and
pirated products. An

external study establishing an inventory of existing IT systems that could

be used to build
such a network was published by the Commission in 2010.47 This study
will form the basis for

further consultations and assessments aimed at identifying cost-efficient

solutions and
creating synergies with existing systems and ongoing projects, with a
view to presenting a
concept for such an electronic network by end 2012. The network would
operate in full
compliance with the EU data protection legislation.

3.5.3. A review of the IPR Enforcement Directive

In parallel, the Commission intends to review the IPR Enforcement
Directive 2004/48/EC in

Spring 2012. The recently published Report on the application of the IPR
Enforcement

Directive48 shows that the challenge lies in reconciling IPR enforcement

in the digital
environment. The Commission will identify ways to create a framework
allowing, in
particular, combating infringements of IPR via the internet more
effectively. Any
amendments should have as their objective tackling the infringements at
their source and, to

that end, foster cooperation of intermediaries, such as internet service

providers, while being
compatible with the goals of broadband policies and without prejudicing
the interests of endconsumers.
The Commission will ensure that such amendments respect all
fundamental rights
recognised by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, in particular also
the rights to private
life, protection of personal data, freedom of expression and information
and to an effective
remedy.49
In parallel, the Commission will continue its efforts, on the basis of the
Memorandum of
Understanding signed between stakeholders on 4 May 2011,50 to
explore to what extent, in
particular, the sale of counterfeit goods over the internet can be reduced
through voluntary
measures, involving the stakeholders most concerned by this
phenomenon (right holders,

EVROPSKA KOMISIJA
Brisel, 24.5.2011
COM (2011) 287 konana
SAOPTENJE KOMISIJE ZA EVROPSKE
PARLAMENT ,SAVET ,EVROPSKA EKONOMSKA I SOCIJALNA

internet platforms and consumers).

ODBOR IKOMITET REGIONA

Jedinstveno trite za intelektualnu svojinu
3.6. The international dimension of IPR
Jaanje kreativnosti i inovacija da obezbedi privredni rast , visok kvalitet
The increase in international trade has put the spotlight on the
radnih mesta
international dimension of IPR.
i prve klase proizvoda i usluga u Evropi
Globalisation provides Europe with immense opportunities to export and SR 2 SR
SADRAJ
trade in its IPintensive
1.
products, services and know-how to third-countries. At the same time,
2. . MOGU NOSTI I IZAZOVI ZA jedinstvenog trita za IPR .... 4
the growth in
3. . Referentna kamatna INICIJATIVE da odgovori na izazove ISPRED
IP infringements creates the need to focus on a robust global
................ 7
enforcement strategy, in
3.1 . Reforma patentnog sistema u Evropi i prate ih mera ......................... 7
3.1.1 . Unitarna patenta 7
accordance with fundamental rights.
3.1.2 . Jedinstvenog patenta parnice sistem .............................................
The European Parliament noted in a Resolution51 that "the biggest
................................... 8
challenge for the internal
3.1.3 . IPR valorizacija Instrument ..............................................
...................................... 8
market lies in combating infringements of intellectual property rights at
3.2 . Modernizacija sistema iga u Evropi .......................................... ........... 8
the EU's external
3.3 . Stvaranje sveobuhvatnog okvira za autorska prava u digitalnom
borders and in third countries".
jedinstvenom tritu ... 9
47 See
3.3.1 . Evropska uprava i menadment autorska prava
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/documents_en.ht ............................................. ....... 10
m.
3.3.2 . Tehnologija i upravljanje bazama podataka
.............................................. ........................ 11
48
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/directives_en.htm. 3.3.3 . Korisnik generisani 12
3.3.4 . Privatni kopiranje dabine ...............................................
49 The right to intellectual property is recognised as a fundamental right ................................................. 12
in Article 17(2) of the Charter.
3.3.5 . Pristup evropskog kulturnog naslea i negovanje medijski pluralizam
50
........................... 13
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/stakeholders_dial
3.3.6 . Prava interpretatora 14
ogues_en.htm#Sale.
3.3.7 . audiovizuelnih dela 14
3.3.8 . Preprodaju pravo umetnika ' 14
51
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&language=EN 3.4 . Pitanje komplementarne zatite nematerijalne imovine
..................................... 15
&reference=P7-TA-2010-

0340.
EN 20 EN
This reasoning was already made when developing the Commission's
2004 "Strategy for the
Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Third Countries"52 which
is currently being
reviewed. In addition, the Commission is committed to ensuring the
coherence of its IPR
policy with development policy objectives.53
3.6.1. Multilateral initiatives, including co-ordination with international
organisations
The Commission will pursue its objective to enhance respect for IPR
standards at an
international level through enhancing effective cooperation and
engagement with third
countries in international fora, in particular through its work in the
context of WIPO, WTO
and UPOV aimed at improving protection and enforcement of IPR at
global level. It will
contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the
transfer and dissemination
of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of
technological knowledge
and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a
balance of rights and
obligations.54 Currently the actions of the EU and of international
organisations often lack
sufficient coordination thereby hampering their effectiveness.55

3.4.1 . Poslovne tajne i parazitske kopije .............................................

................................. 15
3.4.2 . Nepoljoprivredne geografske oznake .............................................
.................... 16
3.5 . Poboljana borba protiv falsifikovanja i piraterije
............................................ .......... 17
3.5.1 . Javna svest 18
3.5.2 . Vie odriva struktura za evropske opservatorije na falsifikovanje i
Piraterija i novi zadaci ..............................................
.................................................. .. 18
3.5.3 . Pregled Direktive o IPR izvrnom ...........................................
................... 19
3.6 . Meunarodna dimenzija IPR .............................................
.............................. 19
3.6.1 . Multilateralnim inicijativama , ukljuuju i i koordinaciju sa
meunarodnim organizacijama ..... 20
3.6.2 . Bilateralna pregovaranje i saradnja na zatiti intelektualne svojine sa
tre im zemljama ............ 21
3.6.3 . Poboljana zatita prava intelektualne svojine i izvrenje na granici EU
.................................... 21
SR 3 SR
4. .
1 . UVOD
Stavljanje u mestu besprekornu , integrisano jedinstveno trite za
intelektualnu svojinu (IPR) je
jedan od konkretnih naina da oslobaaju potencijal evropskih stvaralaca i
pronalazaa i
osnaiti ih da ideje pretvori u visoko kvalitetnih radnih mesta i ekonomski rast
.
Ova komunikacija predstavlja ukupnu strateku viziju Komisije za
isporukuistina
Jedinstveno trite za intelektualnu svojinu koji se trenutno nedostaje u Evropi
-Evropska IPR
reim koji je spreman za sutranju novoj ekonomiji , nagrauju i kreativne i

In the context of WIPO, the Commission will continue to support largescale ratification of
the 1996 WIPO Internet Treaties and their proper implementation into
domestic laws. It will
also foster efforts to produce the appropriate tools for assessing the
functioning of copyright
systems. It will support ongoing efforts to combat the global
phenomenon of signal piracy and
internet retransmissions of pirated broadcast signals. The Commission
will also redouble its
efforts to create a WIPO agreement on the cross-border delivery of
materials in special
formats tailored to the needs of the reading disabled in line with the
objectives of the UN
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. In June 2010, the
EU already proposed
to WIPO a Joint Recommendation concerning the improved access to
works protected by
copyright for persons with a print disability.
At international level, the Patent Law Treaty has already harmonised and
streamlined formal
procedures in respect of national and regional patent applications and
patents. The EU will
therefore continue to support discussions at WIPO on substantive patent
law harmonization.
This would enhance patent quality and reduce costs, for the benefit of
users of the patent
system world-wide.
The EU should also be in a position to ratify the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade

inventivne napore ,
generisanje podsticaja za bazirane u EU, inovacija i omogu ava kulturnu
raznolikost da napreduju po
nude i dodatne utinice za sadraj na otvorenom i konkurentnom tritu .
Moderna , evropska integrisana IPR reim e napraviti veliki doprinos rastu ,
odrivo otvaranje radnih mesta i na konkurentnost nae privrede - kljuni
ciljevi
EU je 2020 dnevni red igodinji pregled rasta koji su od sutinske vanosti da
se odriu EU je
oporavak od ekonomske i finansijske krize . To e omogu iti razvoj sektora
kao to su e - commerce i digitalnih industrije koje nude najve i potencijal za
budu nost
grovth.1 inovacije ne samo da pomaeEvropska ekonomija cveta . Neophodno
je
bave velikim izazovima koji se oveanstvo suoava u 21. veku :
obezbeivanje sigurnosti hrane ,
sadri klimatskih promena , koja se bavi demografskim promenama i
unapreenju zdravlja graana .
Ona takoe ima bitnu ulogu u kvalitetu svakodnevnog ivota kroz podsticanje
kulturne raznolikosti .
Prava intelektualne svojine obuhvataju prava industrijske svojine , kao to su
patenti, igovi, dizajna i geografske
indikacije , autorsko i prava srodna autorskom pravu .
Galaksija od prava intelektualne svojine
Zatitu prava intelektualne svojine
IPR Patenti igovi
Autorskih i srodnih prava
( izvoai , muziari , emiteri ... )
Oznake geografskog porekla prava biljnih sorti
dizajni
Prava intelektualne svojine su imovinska prava koja tite dodatu vrednost
koju znanjem Evrope
ekonomija na snazi njenih stvaralaca i pronalazaa . IPR katalozi suvaan deo
1 Videti : Strategija Evropa 2020 ( COM ( 2010 ) 2020 ) ,Godinja anketa

Agreement
(ACTA)56 once it has been signed by the contracting parties in the course
of 2011. ACTA,
which is fully in line with the EU acquis, is an important step in improving
the international
52 OJ C129 of 26.5.2005.
53 In line with Article 21 of TEU and Article 208 of TFEU.
54 Article 7 of the 1994 TRIPS Agreement. The Commission will fully
support the implementation of the
commitments taken in Istanbul on 13 May 2011 with a view to providing
flexibilities for the protection
of public health and, in particular, to promote access to medicines for all
and to encourage the provision
of assistance to developing countries in this regard, whilst ensuring that
any such flexibilities are
balanced with the legitimate rights of right holders.
55 See e.g. the findings of the ADE study, commissioned by the
Commission's Directorate General for
Trade, 'Evaluation of the Intellectual Property Rights Enforcement
Strategy in Third Countries',
November 2010,
http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/cfm/doclib_section.cfm?sec=180&langI
d=en.
56 The ACTA (available at http://ec.europa.eu/trade/creatingopportunities/trade-topics/intellectualproperty/
anti-counterfeiting/) builds on the 1994 TRIPS agreement to improve
global standards for the
enforcement of IPR. It addresses the way in which companies and

rasta 2011 ( COM ( 2011 ) 11 ) ,

Digitalna agenda za Evropu ( COM ( 2010 ) 245 ) ,Single Zakon o tritu (
COM ( 2011 ) 206 ) i
Unija inovacija ( COM ( 2010 ) 546 ) .
SR 4 SR
mnoge evropske kompanije . Capitalising na IPR portfolija je klju za
evropske stvaraoce i
preduze ima da odre poslovanje , generiu prihode i razvijaju nove trine
opportunities.2
U eri globalizacije i meunarodne konkurencije ,potencijalni prihod od IP je
ba kao
vana kao i pristup robe ili oslanjanja na proizvodnom bazom .
Vrli IPR krug oslanja na IPR politike koja incentivises inovacije , to zauzvrat
privlai investicije , ime se dovodi u nove proizvode i usluge za nove
potroake tranje
koja poboljava rast i zapoljavanje .
Brze tehnoloki napredak je promenila nain na koji poslujemo i irenja ,
primaju i konzumiraju proizvode i usluge , kao to su onlajn muzike i audiovizuelnih usluga .
Novi poslovni modeli se razvijaju i tradicionalne one prilagoavaju . Novi
ekonomski igrai
i provajderi ulaze na trite . Potroai se menjaju nain na koji oni
komuniciraju
sa pijace . Evropska IPR zakonodavstvo mora da obezbedi odgovaraju e"
omogu avanje
okvir " koji incentivises ulaganje nagraivanje stvaranja , stimulie inovacije
u
okruenje neizoblienim konkurencije i olakava distribuciju znanja .
2. . MOGU NOSTI I IZAZOVI ZA jedinstvenog trita za IPR
Sluaj ne treba da bude vie : IPR u svojim razliitim oblicima i oblici su
kljuni
sredstva privredi EU
1,4 miliona evropskih MSP posluju u kreativnim industrijama . IP - bazirane
industrije predstavljaju

iznad prosene potencijal za rast i otvaranje novih radnih mesta . Prema

evropskim
court, at the borders and on the Internet.
Izvetaj o konkurentnosti 2010 , kreativne industrije ine 3% zaposlenosti
EN 21 EN
(2008) i
fight against IPR infringements, in cooperation with countries sharing the su meu najdinaminijih sektora u EU . Broj zaposlenih ukreativni
industrija u EU-27 je 6,7 miliona u 2008 .
same concerns and
Ukupna zaposlenost u kreativnim industrijama pove ana u proseku za 3,5%
views. The Commission will table its proposal for an EU decision to sign
godinje u
the agreement in the
Period 2000-2007 u poreenju sa 1%godinje za ukupnu privredu EU . Ve ina
coming weeks.
novih radnih mesta u
EU je stvorena tokom protekle decenije bili u industrijama koje poivaju na
3.6.2. Bilateral negotiation and co-operation on IP protection with third
znanju , gde
countries
zaposlenost pove ana za 24% . Nasuprot tome, zaposlenost u ostatku privrede
The EU will continue to negotiate IPR provisions in its free trade
EU
agreements (FTAs) with
pove an za neto manje od 6 % .3
Indikativna 2002 pregled od Fortune 500 kompanija procenjuje da nigde od
third countries. In negotiating FTAs, the IPR clauses should as far as
45 %
possible offer identical
do 75 % od bogatstva pojedinanih preduze a proizilazi iz njihove IPR.4 U
levels of IPR protection to that existing in the EU while taking into
2009 , bilo je
account the level of
Procenjuje se da nematerijalna imovina predstavlja oko 81 % od vrednosti S
development of the countries concerned. Cooperation through political
& P 500 market.5
and technical
Vrednost od deset najboljih brendova u svakoj zemlji EU iznosio je skoro u
proseku 9%
dialogues also form part of the EU's strategy on the trade related
BDP po glavi stanovnika u 2009,6 intelektualne svojine poticati i zatiti
elements of IPR.
ulaganja u istraivanja i tehnikog
The right balance also needs to be struck between protection of IPR in
2 "vrednost znanja : evropskih firmi iizazov intelektualna svojina "Ekonomist
third countries and
Obavetajna jedinica Bela knjiga ,ekonomista , januar 2007 . 53 % ispitanika
je reklo da je upotreba
access to knowledge. IPR policy therefore can support inclusive and
sustainable growth if it is
Prava intelektualne svojine e biti veoma vano ili kritian prema svojim
poslovnim modelima u dve godine , u poreenju sa 35 % onih koji su
part of an overall development strategy aiming at enhancing the business
smatra da je to sluaj u vreme istraivanja .
environment,
3.Fondacija Posao : ekonomija znanjau Evropi , izvetaj pripremljen za
promoting research calibrated to development needs and ensuring that
prole e 2007
health, biodiversity or
Evropski savet .
individuals can enforce their rights in

food security objectives are properly taken into account. Affordable

technology transfers that

4 Izvor : http://vvv.vipo.int/sme/en/documents/valuing_patents.htm .
5 Izvor : Okean Tomo citirano u " 2011 droge patenta ' litice ' i evoluciji IP
procene " od strane
meet basic needs of populations are key for the least developed
Liza Porteus Viana , intelektualnu svojinu Gledaj , 11.01.2011 .
countries (LDCs). For such
6 Izvor : Eurobrand Studija 2009 , Drava pregled , http://studi.eurobrand.cc
transfers to happen, the EU and its Member States must revisit the
SR EN 5
incentives provided to their
Razvoj ( 1,9 % BDP EU u 2008 ) .7 Copiright zasnovan kreativne industrije (
enterprises or institutions for the purpose of promoting and encouraging koji obuhvata
softver i baza podataka proizvodnja , 8 knjiga i izdavanje novina , 9 music10 i
innovation and
film11 )
technology transfer to the benefit of LDCs. As an example of a possible
doprinese 3,3% u BDP EU ( 2006 ) .12
avenue, the pilot
IPR oblikuju svakodnevni ivot graana
Global Access in Action partnership involving the WIPO aims at
Zatita patenta , na primer , je od sutinskog znaaja za razvoj novih lekova
promoting best practices in
inovativne
ili medicinska oprema . Jo vie sofisticirane tehnike ureaje , kao to su
IP licensing for the benefit of LCDs without compromising core
pametni telefoni ili
commercial markets for IP
tablet raunari , tre e i budu e generacije mobilne telefonije , potroake
owners.57 In this context, further reflection is needed as to what extent
elektronike ,
an exemption of LDCs
vie ekoloki - prijateljskih vozila ili brzi vozovi , oslanjaju se na hiljade
patenata .
from TRIPS obligations beyond 2013 should be pursued.
Zatita brenda kapitala stimulie ulaganja u kvalitet proizvoda i usluga
Developing and emerging countries are particularly vulnerable to
pomau ikupac identifikuje relevantne proizvoa robe ili usluga , naroito u
activities infringing IPR and
sektori koji se oslanjaju u velikoj meri na marki i lojalnosti kupaca . Ovi
are sometimes used by complex criminal networks as manufacturing and sektori obuhvataju
distribution bases.
onima za prehrambene proizvode , doma instvo, farmaceutiku , moda,
Training measures and capacity-building activities of the EU are therefore sportske posue , kozmetika,
potroake elektronike , ili usluge koje nudi telekomunikacija , putovanja ,
essential in order to
slobodno vreme i sport
support these countries in their fight against organised intellectual
industrije . U sektoru poljoprivredno - prehrambene , geografske indikacije i
property infringements.
prava biljnih sorti osigura
Such measures will be fostered through the Office for Harmonisation in
zatita kvaliteta proizvoda i pristup autentinih proizvoda irom jedinstvenog
the Internal Market
trita .
Autorska prava stimulie stvaranje kreativnog sadraja , kao to je softver ,
(OHIM) in the context of its work on the European Observatory on
knjige, novine
Counterfeiting and Piracy

and through other programmes managed by the Commission.

Cooperation on this subject will
focus on those countries where the highest impact on enforcement
capacity and value for
money can be expected.
3.6.3. Enhanced IPR protection and enforcement at the EU border
At the EU border, customs authorities are in a privileged position to take
effective action. The
EU Customs Action Plan to combat IPR infringements for the years 2009201258 sets as the
priority for the Commission and the Member States taking action to
strengthen customs
enforcement. In this context, the Commission is proposing a new
regulation replacing
Regulation 1383/2003, with the objective of strengthening enforcement
while streamlining
procedures. A central EU database called COPIS is being developed to
store all companies'
applications for customs action, which are foreseen in the said
Regulation. National customs
authorities and the Commission should make joint efforts to enforce IPR
effectively. For
57 The "Global Access In Action" project, incubated by the World
Economic Forum Global Agenda
Council on IP and supported by WIPO and other public and private
partners,
http://globalaccessinaction.org.
58 Council Resolution of 16 March 2009, OJ C71, 25.3.2009, p. 1.

i asopisi , nauni radovi , muzika , filmovi, fotografija , vizuelne umetnosti ,

video igre ili
softvera .
Konano , prava intelektualne svojine sistem Evrope je pomogla da se stvori
konkurentsku prednost za evropske
industrije
Razvoj standarda , kao to su GSM i UMTS jeevropska pria o uspehu na
osnovu
marljiv upravljanje intelektualne svojine . Ovi Evropski standardi su evoluirali
u globalno uspeni
tehnologije , zbog njihove tehnoloke superiornosti i odrivog sistema IPR
Evrope . Europebased
kompanije su na sjeivo u licenciranju poluprovodnike tehnologije koje su
na i u vie od 90% mobilnih telefona prodatih irom sveta . Mnoge evropske
kompanije
danas generiu veliki deo svojih prihoda kroz licenciranje svojih IP portfolija .
Odravanje Momentum
Ekonomski potencijal intelektualne svojine sve vie zavisi od sposobnosti vie
vlasnika IPR da
sarauju i licenci tehnologije , proizvodi i kreativni sadraj i da donese nove
proizvode
i usluga potroaima . Onlajn muziki servisi treba da duplirate sloenu
kliring
procesi kako bi bio dostupan na nekoliko teritorija . To zahtevaholistiki i
koherentan pravni okvir prava intelektualne svojine . U tom kontekstu , prava
intelektualne svojine zakonodavstvo treba posmatrati kao upravljanje
7 Izvor: Eurostat .
8 Softver i baza podataka proizvodnja su daleko najve i doprinose autorskih
industrije koje proizvode
skoroetvrtina prometa pripisati ovim industrijama .
9 Prema Federacije evropskih izdavaa , izdavaka zapoljava 135.000 ljudi
sa punim radnim vremenom
i doprinosi oko 24 milijardi evra u EU BDP .
10 Prema IFPI , ukupna vrednost EU snimljenog muzikog trita je oko 6

EN 22 EN
example, the Commission will establish an expert group and a network of
national customs
contact points in order to prevent the import of IPR-infringing goods sold
over the Internet.
Moreover, combating IPR infringements at the border also means
preventing the exportation
of illicit goods to the EU. The Commission and the Member States are
actively engaged in
customs cooperation with both source countries and other consuming
countries by means of
specific initiatives such as the EU-China Action Plan on customs
cooperation on IPR
enforcement. The Plan should provide the basis for reducing the scale of
IPR infringements in
the bilateral trade between the EU and China.
4. CONCLUSIONS
All forms of IPR are cornerstones of the new knowledge-based economy.
Much of the value,
market capitalization and competitive advantage of Europe's companies
will in future reside
in their intangible assets. IP is the capital that feeds the new economy.
Better use of IP
portfolios by means of licensing and commercial exploitation is central to
successful business
models.
The potential of the digital single market where creators, service
providers and consumers can

milijardi evra . Zabeleena

muziko trite predstavlja oko petinu ukupnog muzikog trita koje je
vredno blizu 30 milijardi evra .
Proizvodnja 11 Kinematografska , distribucija i izloba , kao i video
iznajmljivanje i prodaja raun za
10 % od autorskih prometa . Audiovizuelnoj industriji u Evropi proizvodi vie
od 1.100 filmova godinje
i zapoljava preko 1 milion ljudi . Izvor: Multi - Teritorija licenciranje AV
dela u
Evropska unija , KEA studija , oktobar 2010 .
12 Evropska Competitiveness Report 2010 , Radni dokument osoblja
Komisije , SEC ( 2010 ) 1276 finale .
SR 6 SR
alat koji regulie i optimizuje odnos izmeu tri glavna igraa : stvaraoce ,
servis i provajderi sadraja i potroai . IPR politika treba da budu planirani
kao
" omogu avanje zakonodavstvo " omogu ava upravljanje pravima
intelektualne svojine na najefikasniji nain , time
postavljanje pravih podsticaja za stvaranje i investicije , inovativne poslovne
modele ,
promovisanje kulturne raznolikosti inajiri mogu i irenje radova za
Korist od drutva u celini .
Evropa mora da postanesvetski lider u inovativnim reenjima licenciranja za
besprekornu
eksploatacija inovativnih tehnolokih proizvoda i znanja i kulturnih proizvoda
.
Koristi od podsticajnog okvira IPR treba da bude dostupan svim igraima ,
bez obzira na
njihova veliina . MSP treba da imaju korist od IPR koliko najve ih igraa na
tritu
posluje u okviru unutranjeg trita . IPR okvir takoe treba da obezbedi
neophodan
podsticaji za sve kreativne sektore da napreduju i cvetaju time doprinosi
raznovrsnosti

all benefit and thrive cannot be underestimated. Europe must urgently

harness the human and

kulturnih dobara i usluga i izraza .

Odgovor je na Jedinstvenom tritu
technological resources at its disposal to create a vibrant and competitive Fragmentacija IPR pejzaa u EU ima implikacije za evropske rasta , posao
stvaranje i konkurentnost . Transakcije licenciranja su sluhom po visini
online market for
trokova, sloenosti
creative transactions, allowing the largest possible dissemination of
i pravna nesigurnost za stvaraoce , korisnika i potroaa . To je jedan od
digital goods and services
razloga zato je e-trgovina
nije realizovao svoj puni potencijal u EU i zato je esto najve i igrai koji
for the benefit of all.
mogu
This over-arching IPR strategy addresses this challenge. Fulfilment of the
navigaciju pravila i zaista imati koristi od jedinstvenog trita . Visoki
Commission's
trokovi transakcioni
ambitious work programme detailed above will require a sustained level
obeshrabruje inovacije i stvaranje . Inovativni MSP bore da imaju koristi od
of commitment at the
intelektualne svojine i
razviti strategije IPR - baziran . Promet kulturnih dobara i usluga ostaje ispod
European Parliament, Council, Commission and Member State levels.
svojih
Fully capitalising
potencijal .
Europe's rich IPR resources requires commitment to make full use of
Postoje i propisi su takoe pod dodatno optere enje od ubrzanja tehnolokog
Europe's intellectual
napredak , koji menja nain na proizvode i usluge se proizvode , distribuiraju i
konzumira . Evropa nije uvek dovoljno na elu pruanja nove digitalne usluge
assets. As the above initiatives demonstrate, more work needs to be
.
done to turn these assets
Na primer , pravna sloenost digitalizacije kulturne batine u cilju to ga
into true engines for growth and high quality employment.
dostupan na mrei moe da isprovocira " jaz u znanju " , ako ne obratio .
As new challenges and new priorities emerge in the light of experience
Sprovoenje prava intelektualne svojine u Evropi i na njenim granicama
and of rapid changes
ostaje nesavren . U trenutku
Razvoj novih tehnologija predstavlja izazov za spreavanjeneovla enog
in technology and society, the Commission is committed to review this
kori enje zati enih dela . Do sada , okvir IP sprovoenje EU nisu
strategy and draw the
usaglaene
appropriate conclusions in close cooperation with stakeholders.
sa novom digitalnom okruenju . U kontekstu opte refleksije o
EN 23 EN
prilagoavanju EU
politika u digitalnom dobu , atraktivnim i pristupanim pravnim ponudama
ANNEX: LIST OF FUTURE COMMISSION ACTIONS
digitalnog sadraja do potroaa
No Action Description Timing
mora da se razvija paralelno sa svim merama za dalje jaanje prava
intelektualne svojine izvrenje .
1 Unitary patent
promocija izatita prava intelektualne svojine , osim toga , ne zaustavljaju na

protection
Proposals for Regulations of the European Parliament and of the Council
on (1) a unitary EU
patent and (2) translation arrangements.
The Commission adopted proposals on points (1)
and (2) on 13 April 2011.
2 IPR valorisation
instrument
Comprehensive analysis on the basis of ongoing feasibility study and
report to the European
Council.
Report to be submitted before the end of 2011.
3 Revision of the
Community Trade
Mark Regulation
and the Trade
Mark Directive
Proposals will aim at rendering the EU trade mark system more effective,
efficient and coherent. Second half 2011
4 Orphan works Legislative proposal for a Directive on certain permitted
uses of orphan works. First half 2011
5 Multi-territorial
collective
management of
copyright
Proposal for a legal instrument to create a European framework for

granicama EU . Ovo ima

postatipritiskom pitanje u kontekstu globalizacije trgovinskih tokova , kao i
prava intelektualne svojine
predstavljaju glavni adut za konkurentnost EU na tritima u razvoju .
Promocija stvaranje i inovacije i vonje ekonomski rast su zajedniki ciljevi
intelektualne svojine i pravo konkurencije . Jaka zatita i sprovoenje prava
intelektualne svojine treba
biti pra eni rigoroznom primenom pravila konkurencije u cilju spreavanja
zloupotrebe
Prava intelektualne svojine koji mogu ometati inovacije ili iskljuiti novih
uesnika , a posebno malih i srednjih preduze a , od
trita .
SR EN 7
Potreba za vizijom da upravljaju promenama
Upravljanje EU IP okvir treba da se modernizuje tako da , posebno ,
sloenost i trokove transakcija se smanjuju i pravna sigurnost je pove ana ,
posebno
za mala i srednja preduze a . Ovo bi trebalo da ukljuuje pove anu pribegne
novim tehnologijama i alatima kao to su
mainsko prevoenje i alatke za pretraivanje .
Treba voditi rauna da se obezbedi pravi balans izmeu zatite prava i
pristupa , odnosno
da razvije fer reima nagraivanja i podstakne pronalazaa i stvaraoce , dok
obezbeenje
cirkulacija i irenje robe i usluga ,ostvarivanje drugih osnovnih
prava ipromocija i ouvanje kulturne i jezike raznolikosti .
konsolidacija i racionalizacija upravljanju intelektualne svojine treba da idu
ruku pod ruku sa
jaanje sprovoenje alati oba na EU i na meunarodnom nivou .
3. . Referentna kamatna INICIJATIVE da odgovori na izazove ISPRED
3.1 . Reforma patentnog sistema u Evropi i prate ih mera
3.1.1 . Unitarna patentna zatita
Sadanji evropski patent sistem je kompleksan , fragmentirana i skupe :
dobijanje evropske

online copyright licensing in

order to create a stable framework for the governance of copyright at
the European level.
Second half 2011
6 Audiovisual
works
Green Paper public consultation on various issues relating to the online
distribution of audiovisual
works.
Second half 2011
7 Further measures
in the area of
copyright
To report following the stakeholder consultation and assess the need for
further measures to allow
EU citizens, online content services providers and right holders to benefit
from the full potential of
the digital internal market.
2012
8 Private copying
levies
Appointment of a high-level mediator with a view to brokering
stakeholder agreement on private
copying levies.
Second half 2011
EN 24 EN

Patent potvrena u samo 13 drava lanica moe da kota i do deset puta vie
od amerikog patenta . do
datum , ukolikoMSP eli da dobije ili odrava patentnu zatitu za svih 27
drava lanica EU za
20 godina ,kompanija bi , u ovom periodu , treba da isplati200.000 evra
procenjuje ,
Veliki deo ovih trokova se sastoji u trokove prevoda i trokove nastale
neophodno
transakcije sa nacionalnim kancelarijama .
Meutim , rad je u toku da stvore unitarnu patentnu zatitu za dvadeset pet
drava lanica
u okviru pojaane cooperation.13 Nakon donoenja odluke
Savet ovla uje pojaanu saradnju , 14.Komisija je podnela predlog za
sprovoenje measures.15 Ona e raditi sa Evropskim parlamentom iuestvuje
Drave lanice da usvoje ove mere to je bre mogu e . Opti ciljunitarna
Patent je da e kompanija uivati znaajne utede, to je pre mogu e i da ho e
u velikoj meri doprinose pojednostavljenju administrativnih procedura kroz
eliminaciju
potreba da se potvrdi ove patente na nacionalnom nivou .
Pored toga ,razvoj sistema mainskog prevoenja jesutinska funkcija koja
moe
pomau da se smanje velike trokove prevoenja i da patentna zatita
pristupane za kompanije svih
veliine . Kao takav , prevodi maina ne samo da e pove ati pristup patentne
zatite , ali i
da patentira informacije u razliitim jezicima , kao sa pozornice aplikacije .
To je od kljunog znaaja za
irenje tehnolokog znanja i za podsticanje inovacija u celini . U tom smislu ,
Komisija pozdravlja i promovie program maina za prevod patenta
dokumenti koji su pokrenute od strane Evropskog zavoda za patente u 2010 .
Cilj je da se
prevodi na raspolaganju za slubenim jezicima drava ugovornica na mainu
Evropska konvencija o patentima - koji ukljuuje sve zvanine jezike EU .
13 COM ( 2010 ) 790 konana .

No Action Description Timing

9 User-generated
content
Stakeholder consultation. Second half 2012
10 European
Copyright Code
Assessment and discussions with stakeholders and reporting back. 2012
and beyond
11 Review of
Directive
2001/29/EC
Report on the application of Directive 2001/29/EC as required by Article
12 of that Directive. 2012
12 European
Observatory on
Counterfeiting
and Piracy
Proposal for a Regulation on entrusting the Office for Harmonisation in
the Internal Market
(OHIM) with certain tasks related to the protection of intellectual
property rights, including the
assembling of public and private sector representatives as a European
Observatory on
Counterfeiting and Piracy.
May 2011
13 Rights

Odluka Saveta 2011/167/EU 14 od 10. marta 2011 ovla uje pojaanu

saradnju u oblasti
stvaranje unitarne patentnu zatitu , OJ L 76 , 22.3.2011 , str . 53. .
15 COM ( 2011 ) 215 konana i COM ( 2011 ) 216 konana .
SR 8 SR
3.1.2 . Jedinstvenog patenta parnice sistem
Sporovi vezani za patente mora da se rei u razliitim nacionalnim sudovima .
Kao i da je
izuzetno skup i dugotrajan za nosilaca patenata , ovo fragmentacija rizikuje
proizvodnju razliitih odluka u razliitim dravama lanicama , stvaraju i
pravnu nesigurnost .
Stvaranje unitarne patentnu zatitu mora da bude pra eno odgovaraju im
nadleznom
aranmani odgovaraju na potrebe korisnika patentnog sistema . Da bi
unitarna zatitu patenta da pravilno rade u praksi , odgovaraju e pravosudni
aranmani
treba da omogu i da se izvri patenti ili opozvati na celoj teritorijiuestvuju
Drave lanice i istovremeno treba da obezbedi visok kvalitet presude i
pravnu sigurnost
za preduze a . Rad na specifinim nadlenosti aranmana se trenutno uzima
napred ,
uzimaju i takoe u obzir nedavni miljenje Suda pravde Evropske unije
( A-1/09 ) o kompatibilnosti nacrta sporazuma o evropskoj i EU Patenti suda
sa ugovorima .
Jedinstvenog patenta parnice sistem koji e regulisati obe evropske paketu
patenata i
Evropski patenti sa dejstvom unitarne bi znatno smanjiti parnine trokove i
vreme
preduzeti za reavanje sporova patenata , dok pove anje pravne sigurnosti za
korisnike .
3.1.3 . IPR valorizacija Instrument
Nematerijalna imovina moe objasniti do tri etvrtine korporativnog value16 i
intelektualca
imovinska prava su dostigli takav nivo finansijske vidljivosti i uticaja , koji IP

complementing
IPR
Study to assess the economic and societal impact of infringements of
trade secrets and practices of
"competing at the edge of the law" like parasitic copies and to assess the
economic benefits of an
EU approach in this area.
End 2012
14 Non-agricultural
geographical
indications
Feasibility study to consider an EU-wide protection of GIs for nonagricultural products. This
study will provide an analysis of the existing legal frameworks in the
Member States and an indepth
assessment of the stakeholders' needs and the potential economic
impact on protection for
non-agricultural GIs.
Second half 2012
15 Review of the IPR
Enforcement
Directive
Review of the Directive aimed at creating a framework allowing, in
particular, to combat more
effectively IPR infringements via the internet at their source.
First half 2012

- zasnovane
transakcije se dobija sve ve i znaaj . Kao posledica toga , kompanije moraju
da
razviti odgovaraju e upravljanje takvim nematerijalnih ulaganja , kao to su
patenti, igovi i
copiright .
U svojim zakljucima od februara 2011 ,Evropski savet je pozvao Komisiju
da istrai
opcije za uspostavljanje prava intelektualne svojine valorizacije instrument na
evropskom nivou ,
posebno kako bi se olakao pristup MSP na tritu znanja . U ovom kontekstu
, " valorizacija '
odnosi se na vrednovanje nematerijalne imovine u raunovodstvenom smislu i
pove anju mogu nosti za
dobiti bolju vrednost od prava intelektualne svojine i finansiranja leverida .
Da bi se ovo pitanje paljivo ispita ,Komisija je pokrenulasveobuhvatnu
analiza ukljuuju i ekspertske grupe i studije izvodljivosti . Ove aktivnosti e
ponuditiopti
slika stanja i pomo iKomisije da razmotri potencijalne opcije za podeavanja
do takvog IPR valorizacije instrumenta , kao npr inovativni evropski IPR
znanje
trite platforma da olakaju transfer i trgovinu . Komisija e izvestiti
Evropski savet pre kraja 2011 .
3.2 . Modernizacija sistema iga u Evropi
Nacionalni registracija iga u zemljama lanicama EU usaglaen je za skoro
20 iears17 i zatitni znakZajednica je osnovana 15 godina ago18 . ig
sistem u Evropi pokazuje jasne uspehe . To se ogleda , izmeu ostalog , u
novim rekordnim ciframa za
16 Videti taku 2 i fusnotu 5 .
17. Direktiva 2008/95/EZ Evropskog parlamenta i Saveta od 22. oktobra 2008
do
priblii zakone drava lanica koji se odnose na igova , OJ L 299, 8.11.2008
, str . 25. .
18 Uredba Saveta ( EC) 207 / 2009 od 26. februara 2009 o igu Zajednice , OJ

EN 25 EN
No Action Description Timing
16 Replacement of
the Regulation
concerning
customs action
against goods
suspected of
infringing
intellectual
property rights
Proposal for a new Customs Regulation to strengthen customs
enforcement of Intellectual Property
Rights and create conditions for effective action, while streamlining
procedures.
May 2011
17 Voluntary
measures of
stakeholders
targeting IPR
infringements
Stakeholder agreement (Memorandum of Understanding) on the sale of
counterfeit goods over
the internet and follow-up process.
MoU signed on 4 May 2011, evaluation and

L78 ,
24.3.2009 , str.1 .
SR EN 9
Aplikacije Zajednica igovima podneta u 2010 ( vie od 98.000 ) , a oekuje
se
priznanica , u 2011 , od milionitog aplikacije od stvaranja iga Zajednice
1996 . Meutim , akteri sve vie zahtevaju bre , vii kvalitet , vie
unapreeni sistemi za registrovanje iga , koji su vie u skladu , korisnik
prijatan , javno
pristupana i tehnoloki do -do datuma . Da bi zadovoljio ove zahteve ,sistem
ig u
Evropa mora da se modernizuje i prilagodi internet ere .
U 2009 ,Komisija je pokrenula sveobuhvatnu procenu ukupnog
funkcionisanja
trgovinski sistem znak u Evropi . Na osnovu ove procene i procene uticaja ,
Komisija e predstaviti predloge da se revidiraju kako Zajednica iga Uredba
i Mark Direktivatrgovine u poslednjem kvartalu 2011 .
Cilj revizije je da se modernizuje sistem kako na EU i nacionalnim nivoima
po
ine i ga efikasnijim , efikasniji i dosledan u celini . Poseban fokus e biti na
mogu nosti : ( 1 ) pojednostavljenje i ubrzanje postupka registracije ,
uzimaju i u
obzir zahteve elektronskom dobu , ( 2 ) pove anje pravne sigurnosti , kao to
je
redefinisanje ta moe predstavljati zatitni znak , ( 3 ) pojanjenje obim
trgovinskog prava mark Intera
ostalog to se tie robe u razliitim situacijama irom EU carinskom podruju
; ( 4 ) pruanje
okvir za poboljanje saradnje izmeu Kancelarije za harmonizaciju
unutranjeg
Trita ( OHIM ) u Alikante i nacionalne kancelarije igovima sa ciljem
usklaivanja
administrativni praksa i razvijanje zajednikih alata , kao to su one koje nude
daleko ve e

review by mid-2012.
18 EU database
COPIS
Development of database to ensure efficient management of companies'
applications for customs
action and produce statistics of customs detentions.
First half 2012
19 Review of the
Commission's
2004 strategy for
the protection and
enforcement of IP
rights in third
countries
Redefined strategy to adapt it to recent needs and evolutions, to ensure
higher standards of IPR
customs enforcement in third countries and cooperation in the
framework of trade agreements.
End 2011

opcije za sprovoenje prioritetnih pretrage , i gledaju i registra za krenje

registracije ;
i ( 5 ) ine iDirektiva vie koherentna sa Uredbom , naroito , od dalje
usklaivanje zakonske osnove za odbijanje registracije na evropskom nivou , i
( 6 ) usklaivanju
razlozi za odbijanje i za koegzistenciju pod oba Direktive i Uredbe na pravila
na geografskim poreklom .
U svakom sluaju , bilo koji amandman kojiKomisija e predloiti da se
Pravilnikom o
Zajednica ig e biti u skladu sa jednim konceptom trita i ouvanje
unitarni karakter ovog uspenog IP naslova .
3.3 . Stvaranje sveobuhvatnog okvira za autorska prava u digitalnom singlu
trite
Internet je margina ali online trita u EU jo uvek fragmentiran od strane vie
barijere . Evropa ostajearenilo nacionalnih onlajn trita i postoje sluajevi
kada
Evropljani nisu u stanju da kupe autorskih dela ili usluge elektronski preko
digitalni singl trite . Tehnologija ,brzo razvija priroda digitalnih poslovnih
modela i
raste autonomija online potroaa , svi pozivaju na stalnom procenu o tome da
li
aktuelna pravila kori enja set prave podsticaje i omogu iti nosiocima prava,
korisnicima prava i
potroaima da iskoriste mogu nosti koje pruaju savremene tehnologije .
Autori i drugi stvaraoci oekujufer povratak za kori enje njihovog rada , bilo
da su knjige ,
novinskih lanaka , zvuni zapisi , predstave , filmove ili fotografije . To isto
vai i za
izdavai i proizvoai koji pruaju investicije za proizvodnju i irenje
kreativni
radi . Potencijal postoji da pove a prinose autora i stvaralaca " , akopravilno
autorskih
okruenje olakava licenciranje i irenje radova u digitalnom jedinstvenom
tritu .

Okvir Evropske upravljanje da upravlja interfejs izmeu stvaralaca ,

komercijalni
Korisnici i potroai je kljuno , ako Evropa eli da iskoristi pun potencijal da
nove tehnologije
idigitalni trite ponuda . Evropa mora da razvije usluge autorskih prava za
izdavanje dozvola ,
SR EN 10
u kombinaciji sa veb aplikacijama i alatima , da se neguje ive kulturne i
kreativne industrije
da dozvoli milioni graana da koriste i dele znanje i zabavu objavljen lako
i legalno preko Unije , bez obzira na njihove drave lanice prebivalita . Niz
Inicijative Komisije , utvreni u nastavku , bi e predloeno da se ovaj cilj
realnost .
3.3.1 . Evropska uprava autorskih i menadment
Bez obzira na tehnologije koja se koristi , reforme autorskih prava na
unutranjem tritu bi trebalo da
oblik " vae im zakonskim " za kori enje autorskih prava na najefikasniji
nain , a time
postavljanje pravih podsticaja za stvaranje i investicije , inovativne poslovne
modele i
irenje radova . Oni bi trebalo da pomognu da se pobolja dubinu i irinu
repertoara koji
je dostupan za sve potroae irom Evropske unije . Propusti u dostupnosti
mrei
usluge za potroae u pojedinim dravama lanicama treba da bude zatvoren
stvaranjemstabilne
okvir za upravljanje autorskog na evropskom nivou koja e se uklopiti u novi
nastajanju poslovne modele .
Emerging biznis modeli
Digitalni sadraj
hardver
Emiteri
maloprodaja
Mree

Platforme
Stvaranje evropskog okvira za online autorskim licenciranje bi u velikoj meri
stimulisati
pravni ponuda zati enih kulturnih dobara i usluga preko EU.19 Modern
licenciranje u
tehnologija moe pomo i da iri spektar usluga dostupnih na mrei
prekogranine ili ak
stvoriti usluge koje su dostupne irom Europe.20
To je razlog zato , u 2011 ,Komisija e podneti predloge za stvaranje
pravnog okvira za
kolektivno ostvarivanje autorskog da omogu i vie teritorijalno i panevropskih
licenciranje . Iako je fokus na prekograninom ostvarivanju autorskih u mrei
okruenje je od posebnog znaaja u pogledu razvoja digitalnog trita
19IFPI Muzika Izvetaj 2010 pokazuje daprosean evropski troi manje od 2
evra na digitalne muzike ,
dokprosean Amerikanac troi skoro 8proseku japanski evra 7. evra i .
20 EMusic ,vode i provajder , je prisutan u 27 zemalja lanica i ima katalog
od 10 miliona
staze . iTunes je prisutna u 15 drava lanica; 7Digital i Vodafone u 12 drava
lanica; Nokia
( OviMusic ) u 11 drava lanica; IouTube u 10 drava lanica , dok LastFM
je prisutna u
9 Drave lanice : http://vvv.pro-music.org/Content/GetMusicOnline/storeseurope.php .
SR 11 SR
kulturnih dobara i usluga , panja treba dati na upravljanje strukturama
drugi oblici kolektivno upravlja prava .
Novi okvir bi trebalo da uspostavi zajednikih pravila o upravljanju ,
transparentnost i
efikasan nadzor , ukljuuju i i kolektivno upravlja tokova prihoda . Jasnije
pravila o
licenciranje i distribucija prihoda autorskih e konano stvoriti manevarski
nivou za

svi akteri : nosiocima prava, kolekcionarskih drutava, prualaca usluga i

potroaa.
Da podstakne razvoj novih online servisa koji pokriva ve i deo sveta
repertoar i slui ve i deo evropskih potroaa ,okvir treba da omogu i
stvaranje evropske " brokera prava " mo i da licenciraju i upravljanje svetske
muzike
repertoar na multi - teritorijalnom nivou , a takoe obezbeivanje razvoja
evropskog kulturnog
raznovrsnost . U tom cilju , pravosnanom Evropske reima upravljanja koji
olakava prava
prekogranina licenciranje treba da se stavi na mesto . Prekogranina
upravljanje autorskih prava
usluge na mrei zahteva visok nivo tehnike ekspertize , infrastrukturu i
elektronski
umreavanje . Sredstva treba obezbediti da se osigura da svi operateri u
skladu sa visokim
nivo usluga standardima za oba nosiocima prava i korisnicima i da
konkurencija nije
iskrivljena .
Drugi pristup za vie dalekosene remont autorskih na evropskom nivou moe
biti
stvaranje evropskog Copiright zakonika . To bi moglo da
obuhvatisveobuhvatni
kodifikacija ovog tela autorskih direktiva EU u cilju usklaivanja i
konsolidovati beneficije koje prua autorskog i srodnih prava na nivou EU .
Ovo bi
takoe pruaju priliku da se ispita da li su trenutne izuzeci i ogranienja u
autorsko odobrena pod 2001/29/EZ Directive21 treba da se aurira ili
usaglaen u EU
nivo . Kod mogao stoga pomo i da se razjasni odnos izmeuraznih
ekskluzivni
prava uivaju nosioci prava iobim izuzetaka i ogranienja u odnosu na one
prava .
Komisija e takoe ispitati isplativost stvaranja opcioni " unitarnu " autorska

prava
naslov na osnovu lana 118. Ugovora o funkcionisanju EU i njenog
potencijalnog uticaja na jedinstvenom tritu , u pravu
drai i potroai .
Ova pitanja zahtevaju dalje prouavanje i analizu . Komisija e ispitati ove
probleme ,
izmeu ostalog , u kontekstu dijaloga sa zainteresovanim stranama
predvienim u Digitalne agende za
Evropa i izvetaj u 2012 , naroito o tome da liDirektiva 2001/29/EC treba da
bude
auriran .
3.3.2 . Tehnologija i baza podataka za upravljanje
Sveprisutnost interneta je podstakao potrebu za poboljanjem kolektivne
prakse licenciranja .
Tehnologija moe da obezbedi bogat izvor pragmatinih reenja da se
prilagodi autorskih licenciranje za
Internet i podravaju distribuciju kolektivno upravlja tokova prihoda . Protiv
ove
fon ,Komisija e podrati mjere kako bi se jednostavnije i efikasnije da se
pristup
autorskih dela putem inovativnih tehnologija licenciranja , sertifikacije
licenciranja
infrastruktura , identifikacija i razmena podataka stvarne upotrebe i
elektronskih podataka
upravljanje . To e ohrabriti i projekti podrke preduzeti od strane razliitih
aktera u
21 Direktiva 2001/29/EC od 22. maja 2011 o harmonizaciji odreenih
aspekata autorskog i srodnih
prava u informacionom drutvu , OJ L167 , 22.6.2001 , str . 10. .
SR 12 SR
razvija automatizovane i integrisane standarde upravljanja zasnovanog prava
infrastructures.22 interoperabilne
Online baza podataka treba da pomogne identifikuju nosioce prava i podsticati
razvoj

licenciranje infrastrukture . Na primer ,kompilacija i dostupnost tani

informacije o vlasnikoj prava informacija muzikih autora u jednoj bazi
podataka je autoritativan
klju za omogu avanje efikasnog prekogranine licenciranje i distribuciju
tantijema narelevantne
nosioci prava na dosledan nain irom Evrope i takoe e olakati licenciranje
Evropska repertoar u inostranstvu i odgovaraju i raspodela tantijema nazad u
svoju evropsku
autori . Ove informacije treba da budu dostupne javnosti i obezbediti
transparentne informacije da
korisnici , olakavaju i licenciranje .
3.3.3 . Korisnik generisan sadraj
U svetlu brzog razvoja drutvenih mrea i drutvenih medija sajtova koji se
oslanjaju na
stvaranje i upload online sadraja od strane krajnjih korisnika ( blogovi,
podcast, poruke , viki- mash- ups ,
datoteka i deljenje videa ) , posebna panja e se posvetiti mogu ih pristupa
da se bave takozvani
korisnik - created ili sadraj koji generiu korisnici ( UGC ) .23 U skladu sa
ukupnim nastupom ,
Komisija se zalae odgovornu upotrebu istovremeno obezbeuju i da
korisnici uivaju punu korist od
nove interaktivne usluge na mrei .
Postoji rastu a realizacija reenja koja su potrebna da bi se lake i pristupane
za
krajnjim korisnicima da koriste tre e strane autorskih prava zati enog
sadraja u svojim delima . Korisnici koji su
integriu materijale zati ene autorskim pravima u svojim kreacijama koje su
otpremljene na
Internet mora da pribegne sistem jednostavan i efikasan Dozvole. Ovo je
posebno
relevantne u sluaju "amater" korisnicima iji UGC je kreiran u
nekomercijalne svrhe
i jo koji se suoavaju prekrajnog postupka ako su upload- materijal bez

nosilaca prava "

pristanak . Dolo je vreme da se izgradi na snazi autorskog da deluje kao
posrednik izmeu
nosioci prava i korisnici sadraja na odgovoran nain . Komisija e istraiti
izda dalje , ukljuuju i i preko kontakata sa svim zainteresovanim stranama
posebno u kontekstu
gore pomenuti dijalog sa zainteresovanim stranama , kako da uspostavi
ravnoteu izmeu prava
kreatori sadraja ipotreba da se uzme u obzir novih oblika izraavanja .
3.3.4 . Privatni kopiranje dabine
Pravilno funkcionisanje unutranjeg trita i zahteva pomirenje privatnog
kopiranja
dabine sa slobodnim kretanjem robe da bi se omogu ilo nesmetano
prekograninu trgovinu robom koja
podleu privatnim kopiranje levies.24 napori e biti udvostruio da
pokreneaktera
sporazum izgraen na dostignu ima nacrt Memoranduma o razumevanju (
MoR )
posredovanje od strane Komisije u 2009 . Nezavisni posrednik visok nivo e
biti imenovan u
2011 i zadatak da istrauje mogu e pristupe sa ciljem da se usklaivanje
metodologija da nametnu dabine , pobolja administraciju dabina ,
posebnotip
22 Primeri ovih inicijativa ukljuuju razvoj Globalni repertoara baze (GRD ) i
Automatizovano Sadraj Access Protocol ( ACAP ) . Komisija je ve
podravapristupana
Registri informacijama prava i Orphan Vorks (strelica) za identifikovanje
nosioce prava i pojasnili
Status prava na dela , na primer, da li jesiroe ili van trgovine posao .
23 Ovo pitanje je pokrenuto u Zelenoj knjizi Komisije o autorskom u
ekonomiji znanja
i naknadno Komunikacija istog imena ( COM ( 2008 ) 466 i COM ( 2009 )
532
respektivno ) . Zakljuak je bio da dodatno studija na tu temu bilo potrebno .

24 Takse su isplate zbog na opremu za snimanje i praznih medija za snimanje

u nekim od lanica
Drave koje su uvele zakonsku izuzetak za privatno kopiranje . Prema
Econlav ( 2007 ) ,
453 miliona evra od privatnih kopiranje dabina su prikupljeni na digitalnim
ureajima i prevoznika u 2006
Evropska unija .
SR 13 SR
opreme koja je predmet dabina , postavljanje carinskih stopa , kao i
interoperabilnosti
razliiti nacionalni sistemi u svetlu prekograninim efektima kojiraznoliki
namet sistem ima na
unutranje trite . Konkretni napori na svim stranama da ree otvorena
pitanja treba postaviti
osnov za sveobuhvatnu akciju zakonodavnom na nivou EU do 2012 .
3.3.5 . Pristup evropskog kulturnog naslea i negovanje medijskog pluralizma
Olakavanje ouvanje i irenje bogate kulturne i intelektualne Evrope
naslee i podsticanje stvaranja evropske digitalne biblioteke je kljuno za
razvoj
ekonomije znanja . Inovativna reenja za licenciranje su potrebne da
promoviu usklaeni
razmena znanja i kulture da omogu i akademskih institucija, preduze a ,
istraivai i
fizika lica na zakonito koriste materijale zati ene autorskim pravima , dok
nadoknade autorima ,
izdavai i drugi stvaraoci za kori enje njihovih dela . U 2011 ,Komisija
namerava da
nastavite putem dvostruki pristup da promoviu digitalizaciju i stavljanje na
raspolaganje
zbirki evropskih kulturnih institucija ( biblioteke , muzeje i arhive ) . jedan
Strand jepromocija ema kolektivnih licenciranja za radove jo zati enih
autorskim pravom
ali vie nije komercijalno dostupnih ( radovi koji su " van - trgovine " ) .
Drugi je

Evropski zakonodavni okvir za identifikaciju i uini dostupnim takozvane

"Orphan radove " .25
Uspean zavretak ove dve inicijative e takoe pove ati razvoj
Europeana26 kao online platforme preko kojih graani mogu da pristupaju i
raznolikost
bogatstvo evropske kulturne batine .
Komisija je takoe obavezala da nastavi da radi sa dravama lanicama da
razviju
odrivih reenja da se pozabavi " knjigu " glad sa kojom se suoavaju milioni
slepe osobe . u
prisutan , samovrlo mali procenat publikacija su dostupni u pristupanim
formatima kao to
kao Brajevo pismo , krupna tampa ili audio . Komisija je nedavno
posredovao u MoU27 (potpisan u
Septembar 2010 ) da olaka prekograninu razmenu radova u posebnim
formatima i da
im pristupani za osobe sa ote enim vidom . Memorandum uspostavlja
sistem
" pouzdani posrednici " zaduene za online isporuku materijala specijalnih
formata preko
nacionalnih granica. Komisija e nastaviti da radi sa zainteresovanim
stranama da podesite mreu
pouzdanih posrednici u svakoj dravi lanici . Ovo e omogu iti besprekornu
isporuku
materijali posebne format u bezbednom okruenju irom EU . Sistem
postavila Memoranduma
e biti predmet godinje revizije , kako bi se utvrdilo da li prekograninog
razmenu
od specijalno oblikovan materijal zapravo pove ava ili da li akcija treba
ubrzati .
Novinari su autori i njihov rad je vaan ne samo zato to izvetavaju ,
komentariu
i tumae svet u kome ivimo , ali i zbog toga to je sloboda tampe ivi
svedoenje

Evropski pluralistiko i demokratsko drutvo . Zatita autorska prava za

novinare i
obezbeuju i da oni odravaju da se izjasni o tome kako su njihovi radovi
eksploatisana je stoga centralni
odravanje nezavisne , kvalitetno i profesionalno novinarstvo . Sami izdavai
igraju vanu ulogu u irenju rad pisaca , novinara , istraivai , naunici ,
fotografi i drugi stvaraoci . U tom smislu , vano je da titi prava koja
novinari i izdavai imaju nad upotrebom njihovih dela na internetu , posebno
u
pogled na usponu vesti agregacije usluga . Komisija e nastaviti da ispituje
ova pitanja u svetlu novih zakonskih i tehnikog razvoja .
25 out-of - trgovine dela razlikuju od retkih radova u meri da su njihovi autori
ili izdavai su
poznat , aliknjiga nije dostupna u tradicionalni ili u novim elektronskim
kanalima trgovine . siroe
radovi su radovi u kojojautor nije poznat ili , ak i ako zna , ne moe da se
nalazi .
26 http://vvv.europeana.eu/portal/ .
27 http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/copiright/copiright-infso/copirightinfso_en.htm # otherdocs .
SR 14 SR
Otvoren pristup kao nain maksimiziranja irenje rezultata istraivanja
jerelativno
skoranji fenomen . Razliiti naini da se postigne otvoren pristup postoje ,
posebno otvorenom pristupu
objavljivanje ( na primer, u asopisima otvoren pristup ) i samo- arhiviranje
autori u institucionalni
ili predmet na bazi riznice . Potencijal otvorenog pristupa za pove anje
pristupa znanju je
ve iroko priznata meu naune zajednice , i dalje je bio ekplored.28
3.3.6 . Prava interpretatora
Komisija je obavezala da obezbedi da su nagraeni svi oblici stvaralatva . U
doba
da uspeva na vie medijskih formata , to je esto sluaj da izvoai ,

ukljuuju i i profesionalna
one , nisu propisno prepoznaju i nagrauju za njihovo kreativno ulaz u
umetnikom radu . jedan
nain da se postigne fer i na nivou teren meu stvaraocima je da se pojam
zatita od izvoaa iz oblasti muzike vie u skladu sa tim autora . Komisija
je napravio takav proposal29 i oekuje njegovo usvajanje u vrlo bliskoj
budu nosti . Prednosti
ovo rano za isporuku , kao deo ukupne politike autorskim Komisije , e
takoe proiriti na
proizvoai ija pove ana tokovi prihoda , naroito sa interneta , podsta i e
novi talenat i podsticajne mere za proizvoae da ulau u nove muzike
aktima .
3.3.7 . audiovizuelnih dela
Dobijanje uslove za pravo glatkim , lakim i tehnoloki neutralnih reenja za
prekogranine
i panevropskog licenciranje u audiovizuelnom sektoru e pomo i
proizvoaima sadraja za
pove a dostupnost sadraja , u korist evropskih graana . Komisija , u
2011 , e pokrenuti konsultacije na online distribuciju audiovizuelnih dela u
cilju
izvetavanje u 2012 . Konsultacije e se baviti pitanjima autorskih prava,
video na zahtev usluga ,
njihovo uvoenje u medijskom hronologiji ,prekogranina licenciranje
emitovanja
usluge, efikasnost licenciranje iaspekt promovisanja evropskih radova .
audiovizuelni
Zelena knjiga e takoe obratiti status audiovizuelnih autora i njihovo ue e
u
Prednosti Online tokova prihoda .
3.3.8 . Preprodaju pravo umetnika '
U oktobru 2011 ,Komisija e izvetaj o realizaciji i efektima na dalju prodaju
Pravo Directive.30 Ona trenutno sprovodi javnu raspravu za reavanje irokog
spektra
pitanja koja se odnose na primenu ove Direktive , ukljuuju i : uticaj

Direktiva o unutranjem tritu , na konkurentnost na tritu EU u moderan i

savremena umetnost , na efekat uvoenja pravu preprodaje u onim dravama
lanicama
da ne primenjuju pravo preprodaje u nacionalnom zakonu pre stupanja na
snagu
Direktive , 31 i na negovanju umetnikog stvaralatva .
28Digitalna agenda za Evropu ( str. 23 ) istie da su aktivnosti prenoenja
znanja treba upravljati
Istraivanje efikasno i podran od strane odgovaraju ih finansijskih
instrumenata i javno treba da budu finansirani
iroko distribuiran preko Open Access objavljivanje naunih podataka i
radova . Inovacije
Unija Komunikacija najavljuje da eKomisija promociji otvorenog pristupa
rezultatima
javno finansira istraivanja i da e cilj biti otvoren pristup publikacijamaopti
princip
za projekte koje finansira istraivanja okvira EU programima ( 20 )
posve enost .
29 COM ( 2008 ) 464 konana .
30 Direktiva 2001/84/EZ od 27. septembra 2001 o pravu preprodaje u korist
autora
originalni umetniko delo , OV L272 , 13.10.2001 , str . 32. .
31 Neke drave lanice korist od izuze a primeniti preprodaju pravo na
delima umrlih
umetnici koji istie 1. januara 2012 . Trgovina na djela koja su predmet
naslednog preprodaje pravo je etiri
SR 15 SR
3.4 . Pitanje komplementarne zatite nematerijalne imovine
Trenutni propisi EU o zatiti prava intelektualne svojine je dopunjena
nacionalnim pravilima o odreenim
prakse " takmii na ivici zakona" koji esto lee na granicama izmeu
Zatita industrijske svojine i drugim oblastima prava .
3.4.1 . Poslovne tajne i parazitske kopije
Jedan od primera jezatita trgovinskih secrets.32 trgovinskih tajni su vredni

nematerijalna imovina
kompanija kao to su tehnologija , biznis ili marketing strategije , kompilaciju
podataka (za
primer ,lista klijenata ) ilirecept . Pravni reimi u zemljama lanicama i na
nivou
zatita odobrena irom EU se znaajno razlikuju .
Broj drava lanica imaju posebne odredbe graanskog zakona o trgovini
tajne : Bugarska ,
eka Republika , Danska , Estonija , Nemaka , Italija , Litvanija , Poljska ,
Portugalija , Slovaka ,
Slovenija , panija , vedska i . Neki od njih dodatno obezbedi krivinih
sankcija .
Meutim ,znaajan broj drava lanica nemaju nikakve posebne odredbe
graanskog
Zakon o trgovakim tajnama : Belgija , Kipar , Velika Britanija , Irska ,
Finska , Luksemburg ,
Malta, Holandija , Rumunija , Francuska i ( iakofrancuski IP kod regulie
neke
aspekti nje ) . Trade tajne mogu ipak biti zati en , barem delimino , drugim
sredstvima ,
kao to su opte uzrok zabrane nelojalne konkurencije , prekrajnog prava,
ugovornog prava , zakona o radu
i krivino pravo .
Znaajne razlike u nacionalnim zakonima o prirodi i obimu poslovne tajne
zatita , kao i pogledu raspoloivih sredstava za obete enje i odgovaraju ih
lekova ,
neminovno dovesti u razliitim nivoima zatite , sa posledicom da , u
zavisnosti od
njihova lokacija , neke kompanije su bolje opremljeni od drugih da se suoi sa
izazovom
informacije ekonomija zasnovana . U poslednjih nekoliko godina , poslovne
tajne postaju sve
ranjiva na napade iz pijunske spolja , 33 posebno zbog pojaane podataka
razmena i kori enje interneta , a oni su sve vie i vie ugroeno iznutra

kompanije : prema studiji privatnog sektora , kraa radnik osetljivih

informacija ,
npr , je deset puta skuplji od sluajnog gubitka na po - incidenta basis.34 u
drugim okolnostima
Meutim , poslovne tajne moe se pozvati da obustavi kljune informacije da
omete
inovacija i tehnikih dostignu a od konkurenata . S obzirom na sloenost ove
Pitanje i njegove razliite implikacije , komisija treba da nastavi svoj odraz i
okupljaju
sveobuhvatni dokazi pre zauzimanja stava o mogu em putu napred .
Druga oblast interesovanja jezatita protiv takozvanih " parazitskih kopija " ili
" look -alikes ' .35
Parazitske kopije su dizajnirani da lii postoje e proizvode prepoznatljivih
igova dok
puta ve i od prometa radova od strane ive umetnike . U ovim okolnostima ,
izvetaj Komisije e
biti perspektive u prirodi .
32 Poslovne tajne odnose na knov-hov koji nije , ili jo uvek nije registrovana
kao prava industrijske svojine , ali
da je stvarno ili potencijalno vredne njenom vlasniku , a ne opte poznata ili
lako utvrditi po
javnosti , a kojevlasnik je napravio razuman napor da zadri tajnu .
33 Videti, npr Bundesministerium des Innern , Verfassungsschutzbericht 2009
, dostupno na
http://vvv.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Dovnloads/DE/Broschueren/2010/vsb200
9.pdf?__blob=publicati
onFile .
34 Forrester Consulting ( studija sprovedena u ime RSA i Microsoft ) ,
'Vrednost korporativnog
Tajne : . Koliko Potovanje i saradnja utiu Enterprise percepcija rizika ' ,
mart 2010 ,
dostupno na
http://vvv.rsa.com/go/press/RSATheSecuritiDivisionofEMCNevsRelease_451
0.html .

35 Ugled da u nekim jurisdikcijama kao " podanikog imitacije " .

SR 16 SR
odravanje odreene razlike koje ih spreavaju da se kvalifikuju kao
falsifikati . Oni mogu
zbuniti potroae koji ili ne obra aju mnogo panje , a za kupovinu ili koji ne
znaju
brend dovoljno dobro da prepoznaju razlike .
Takoe, ovaj fenomen se bavi od strane drava lanica koriste i razliite
koncepte i pruanje
razliiti nivoi zatite . Tako , dok su neke drave lanice imaju posebne
odredbe o
parazitski kopiranje pod Zakon o zatiti konkurencije ( Austrija , Nemaka ,
eka , panija ) , u
neki drugi parazitski kopiranje je reavati podcaka - sve ili opta klauzula
zabrane
nelojalne konkurencije ( Belgija, Danska , Finska ) . Drugim zakonima drava
lanica ne
sadri nikakve odredbe o nelojalnoj konkurenciji primenljive na parazitske
kopiranje i takvim stvarima
se bave Graanskog zakonika , ili u posebnim odredbama ( Italija ) , ili
odredbama
generalno primenljiv na delikta (Francuska , Holandija) . Konano , u Velikoj
Britaniji postoji
zakon o nelojalnoj konkurenciji , a ne postoje posebne odredbe o parazitima
kopiranja : radije
delikt donoenja van mora da se koristi . Iz tog razloga ,efikasnost zatite
varira
znaajno .
Komisija je zapoela rad utvrditi ekonomski uticaj struje
fragmentacija pravnog okvira u cilju zatite poslovne tajne i protiv
druge prakse " takmii na ivici zakona " , kao to su parazitske kopiranje .
Ovaj rad
e ukljuiti sveobuhvatnu studiju spoljnu i konsultacije zainteresovanih da
ispita

stvarni ekonomski i drutveni uticaj ovih praksi . Takoe e

procenitiekonomska
koristi da bi proizilaze iz pristupa EU u ovim oblastima .
3.4.2 . Nepoljoprivredne geografske oznake
Geografske oznake (GIS) susredstvo za obezbeivanje vezu izmeu kvaliteta
nekog proizvoda i
njegovo geografsko poreklo . Ovo omogu ava nia marketing , razvoj brenda
i reputationbased
marketinga .
Meutim , za zatitu ne- poljoprivrednih proizvoda , drave lanice nude
razliiti pravni
sistemi ( na primer , putem konkursa ili zakona o zatiti potroaa , ili putem
kolektivnog
ili oznake sertifikacija ) i samo na tre ini njih razvili poseban zakon
s obzirom Gis kao specifina prava intelektualne svojine . Ova fragmentacija
pravnog okvira da odobri
zatita za GIS za ne- poljoprivrednih proizvoda moe negativno uticati na
funkcionisanje
unutranje trite . Osim toga , zatita za GIS za ne- poljoprivrednih proizvoda
je takoe vaan
pitanje u bilateralnim i multilateralnim trgovinskim pregovorima sa tre im
zemljama .
Komisija je trebalo da pokrene studiju izvodljivosti na temu GIS za
nepoljoprivredne
i neprehrambenih proizvoda , koji obuhvata sve oblasti prava u ovom
kontekstu . Rad e posebno
dati analizu postoje ih zakonskih okvira u dravama lanicama , u dubinu
procena potrebaaktera ipotencijalni ekonomski uticaj zatite
nepoljoprivredne GIS . Oslanjaju i se na rezultate ovog rada , slede i dalje
razmiljanje i
sveobuhvatan skup dokaza ,Komisija e odluiti o odgovaraju em nainu
napred .
SR 17 SR
3.5 . Poboljana borba protiv falsifikovanja i piraci36

Proizvodi i usluge zasnovane na pravima intelektualne svojine moe biti teko

i skupo da stvori ali jeftino da
ponove i reprodukuju . Organizovana i velikih povreda prava intelektualne
svojine je postala globalni
fenomen i izaziva zabrinutost irom sveta . Najnovija studija OECD ( 2009 )
procenjuje da
meunarodne trgovine u falsifikovane robe porastao sa neto vie od 100
milijardi dolara u 2000
250 milijardi dolara u 2007,37 Prema OECD , ovaj iznos je ve i odnacionalne
BDP od oko 150 ekonomija . Brojke objavljene od strane Evropske komisije o
nacionalne carinske aktivnosti odraavaju da je broj registrovanih sluajeva
osumnjienih za robe
kri prava intelektualne svojine porasla sa 26.704 u 2005 na 43.572 u 2009 ,
to je pove anje od vie od
60 odsto u pet iears.38
Lica koja su povredila prava intelektualne svojine liiti kreatori odgovaraju ih
nagrade EU , stvaraju prepreke za inovacije ,
teti konkurentnosti , unitavaju radna mesta , smanjenje javne finansije i
eventualno ugrozi zdravlje
i bezbednost graana EU . Studija sprovedena od strane Centra za ekonomiju i
biznis
Istraivanje ( CEBR ) naglaava da bi gubici izazvani krivotvorenja i
piraterije smanje EU
BDP po 8 milijardi evra annualli.39 krivotvorenja takoe stvara veliki profit
za organizovani
kriminalne grupe i iskrivljuje unutranje trite podsticanjem nezakonite
prakse u
businesses.40
EU je poela da se bavi ovim izazovom kroz mere dravnih zakona koji
omogu avaju nosiocima prava
da sprovode svoja prava intelektualne svojine , 41 kroz Carinske uredbe EU
N 1383/ 200342 koja omogu ava pritvora robe sumnja da kre prava
intelektualne svojine u
Spoljne granice EU , a pokretanjem , u 2009 ,Evropska opservatorija za

falsifikovanje
i glavni ciljevi Piraci.43 Opservatorije su da prikupljaju i izvetavaju podatke
o
ekonomskim i drutvenim implikacijama krivotvorenja i piraterije i da stvori
platformu za
predstavnici nacionalnih vlasti i interesnih grupa da razmene ideje i ekspertizu
o
najbolje prakse .
Uspeh ovih prvih mera pokazuje da je EU na pravom putu . Poetni rad
Opservatorija je izazvala pozitivne reakcije od strane Evropskog parlamenta ,
lan
Drave i akteri privatnog sektora . Meutim , ove reakcije takoe pokazuju da
postoji potreba
da proiri trenutni posao . Pored toga ,izvetaj Komisije o primeni prava
intelektualne svojine
36Termin " falsifikovanje i piraterija " treba shvatiti kao pokriva povrede svih
prava intelektualne svojine kao to je navedeno u saoptenju Komisije u vezi
lana 2
Direktiva 2004/48/EC , OJ L94 , 13.4.2005 , str . 37. .
37 OECD , Magnituda od falsifikovanja i piraterije opipljivih proizvoda novembar 2009 update ,
http://vvv.oecd.org/document/23/0 , 3343 ,
en_2649_34173_44088983_1_1_1_1 , 00.html .
38
http://ec.europa.eu/takation_customs/customs/customs_controls/counterfeit_p
iraci/statistics/
indek_en.htm .
39 CEBR ( 2000 ) ,Uticaj krivotvorenja na etiri glavna sektora u Evropskoj
uniji , Centar za
Ekonomska i Business Research , London .
40 Videti, npr Evropol , ' OCTA 2011 - Evropska unija organizovanog
kriminala procena pretnje ' ,
http://vvv.europol.europa.eu/publications/European_Organised_Crime_Threat
_Assessment_ ( OCTA ) /

OCTA_2011.pdf .
41 Direktiva 2004/48/EC od 29. aprila 2004 o sprovoenju prava
intelektualne svojine , OJ L157 ,
30.4.2004 , str . 16. .
42 Uredba Saveta (EC ) Br 1383 / 2003 od 22. jula 2003 tiu carinske akciju
protiv robe
sumnja da su krili odredjena prava intelektualne svojine i mere koje treba
preduzeti protiv robe
koji kre ta prava , OV L 196 , 02.08.2003 , str . 7. .
43 Vidi Komunikacija na poboljanje sprovoenja prava intelektualne svojine
na unutranjem tritu
od 11. septembra 2009 , COM ( 2009 ) 467 .
SR 18 SR
Sprovoenje Direktive objavljen u decembru 201044 potvrdio je potrebu za
jaanjem
Postoje i zakonski okvir za sprovoenje i da dopune ovo dobrovoljno
aranmani izmeu zainteresovanih strana . Konano ,pregled carinske uredbe
EU , koji
ukljuene javne konsultacije u 2010 , zakljuio dazakon treba da bude
izmenjen tako da
proiri obim za carinsku kontrolu , kao i da se razjasne neke postupke za
ouvanje
interesi legitimnih trgovaca .
3.5.1 . Javna svest
Potroai imaju tendenciju da ne budu svesni vrednosti intelektualne svojine i
negativne ekonomske i drutvenim
uticaj falsifikovanja i piraterije i potencijalnim opasnostima vezanim za
falsifikovanog products.45
Bolje informisanje graana je stogavaan faktor za uspenu IP politike .
takoe
Evropski parlament pozvao je Komisije, drava lanica i na
zainteresovane za podizanje svesti potroaa , naroito meu mladima , i
omogu iti im
da razume ta je u pitanju u intelektualnom properti.46

Komisija e stoga preduzeti akciju , u bliskoj saradnji sa Evropskom

Parlament i sa zainteresovanim stranama , da podstakne odgovaraju e
kampanje podizanja javne svesti .
Evropska opservatorija za krivotvorenja i piraterije Takoe se oekuje da
doprinese ovo
cilj .
3.5.2 . Vie odriva struktura za evropske opservatorije na falsifikovanje i
Piraterija i novi zadaci
Da bi zadovoljio izazove zahteva vrste dokaze o obimu problema ,
poboljanu
znanje o poreklu krivotvorene i piratske robe , od kanala distribucije i
razliiti akteri ukljueni . Osim toga, kao trendove brzo menjaju , posebno u
Online sfera , akteri i javne uprave moraju da sarauju vie .
Komisija , stoga , predlae da se produi zadatke trenutno dodeljene evropske
Opservatorija na krivotvorenje i pirateriju . U budu nosti , ovi zadaci treba da
obuhvati
projektovanje i organizacija javne kampanje za podizanje svesti ,obezbeivanje odgovaraju e obuke
mere za sprovoenje vlasti , sprovoenje istraivanja o inovativnim i
sprovoenje
Sistemi za detekciju koji sa jedne strane omogu avaju legalnim ponude da
bude kao inovativan i atraktivan kao
mogu e i sa druge omogu iti efikasnije sprovoenje protiv falsifikovanja i
piraterija ( npr. sistemi sledljivosti ) , ikoordinacija meunarodne saradnje na
izgradnja kapaciteta sa meunarodnim organizacijama i tre im zemljama . U
tom cilju,
Opservatorija e morati vie odrivu strukturu u pogledu strunosti, resursa i
tehnika oprema . Zadaci opservatorije stoga treba da bude poverena
Kancelariji
za usklaivanje na unutranjem tritu ( OHIM ) koje , u vezi sa ovim
zadacima , trebalo bi da bude
mandat da pokrije sve kategorije intelektualne svojine .
44 COM ( 2010 ) 779 ,
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/directives_en.htm .

452009 Eurobarometar Studija sprovedena od strane DG Markt ( dostupno na

:
http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/ ) otkrila da je samo izmeu 55 % ( LT i
DK ) i 84 % ( FR ) od
potroai su svesni da postoje pravila EU o krivotvorenja i piraterije . Ovo
jemnogo manji
procenat svest nego u drugim oblastima . Pored toga ,studija je pokazala da je
jedan od
pet Graani EU su , na najmanje jednom prilikom , nenamerno kupili
falsifikovan proizvod .
46 Rezolucija Evropskog parlamenta od 22. septembra 2010 , 2009 / 2178 (
INI ) .
SR 19 SR
U tom kontekstu ,OHIM e takoe poboljati dan - to - dan saradnju izvrenja
vlasti i saradnja sa privatnim akterima , izmeu ostalog , izgradnjomnova
elektronska
razmena informacija isistem za rano upozoravanje na falsifikovanih i piratskih
proizvoda .
spoljni Studija uspostavljanja inventara postoje ih IT sistema koji se mogu
koristiti za izgradnju
takvamrea je objavila Komisija za 2010,47 Ova studija e biti osnova za
dodatne konsultacije i procene koje imaju za cilj identifikaciju trokovno
efikasna reenja i
stvaraju i sinergiju sa postoje im sistemima i teku im projektima , u cilju
predstavljanja
koncept za takav elektronske mree do kraja 2012 . Mrea e raditi u punom
usklaenost sa propisima o zatiti podataka EU .
3.5.3 . Pregled Direktive o IPR izvrnom
Paralelno ,Komisija namerava da preispita Direktiva2004/48/EC IPR
Izvrenje u
Prole e 2012 . Nedavno objavljen izvetaj o primeni prava intelektualne
svojine izvrenju
Directive48 pokazuje daizazov lei u pomirenju IPR izvrenje u digitalnom
okruenje . Komisija e identifikovati naine za stvaranje okvira koji

omogu ava , u
Konkretno , borba protiv povrede prava intelektualne svojine putem interneta
efikasnije . bilo koji
amandmani treba da imaju kao njihov cilj reavanju povreda na njihovom
izvoru i , na
to kraj , neguju saradnju posrednika , kao to su Internet usluga , dok su
kompatibilan sa ciljevima politika i irokopojasnih bez tete interesima
endconsumers .
Komisija e obezbediti da takvi amandmani potuju sva osnovna prava
priznata od Povelje o osnovnim pravima EU , posebno i prava na privatni
ivot , zatita linih podataka , sloboda izraavanja i informisanja i da
seefikasna
remedi.49
Paralelno ,Komisija e nastaviti svoje napore , na osnovu Memoranduma o
Razumevanju potpisan izmeu zainteresovanih strana 4. maja 2011,50 da
istrai u kojoj meri , u
Konkretno ,prodaja falsifikovane robe preko interneta moe se smanjiti kroz
dobrovoljan
mere , koje ukljuuju sve zainteresovane strane najvie zainteresovane strane
ovog fenomena ( nosiocima prava,
internet platforme i potroai ) .
3.6 . Meunarodna dimenzija IPR
Pove anje u meunarodnoj trgovini je stavio akcenat na meunarodnoj
dimenziji prava intelektualne svojine .
Globalizacija prua Evropu sa ogromnim mogu nostima za izvoz i trgovinu u
svom IPintensive
proizvodi, usluge i knov-hov u tre im zemljama . Istovremeno ,rast
IP povrede stvara potrebu da se usredsredi na robusnom globalne strategije za
sprovoenje , u
skladu sa osnovnim pravima .
Evropski parlament je primetio u Resolution51 da "najve i izazov
zaunutranje
trite lei u borbi protiv povreda prava intelektualne svojine na EU zaspoljni
granice i u tre im zemljama " .

47 Vidi
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/documents_en.htm .
48 http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/directives_en.htm .
49.Pravo na intelektualnu svojinu je priznata kao osnovno pravo iz lana 17 (
2 ) Povelje .
50
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/iprenforcement/stakeholders_dialogues_e
n.htm # Prodaja .
51
http://vvv.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?tipe=TA&language=EN&refer
ence=P7-TA-20100340 .
EN EN 20
Ovo rezonovanje je ve napravljen prilikom izrade Strategije 2004 " Komisije
za
Sprovoenje prava intelektualne svojine u tre im zemljama "52 koji je
trenutno u
pregledao . Pored toga , Komisija se obavezala da obezbedi koherentnost
njegovog prava intelektualne svojine
politika sa razvojne politike objectives.53
3.6.1 . Multilateralnim inicijativama , ukljuuju i i koordinaciju sa
meunarodnim organizacijama
Komisija e nastaviti svoj cilj da pobolja potovanje prava intelektualne
standarde u
meunarodnom nivou kroz unapreenje efikasne saradnje i angaovanje sa
tre im
zemlje u meunarodnim forumima , posebno kroz svoj rad u kontekstu VIPO
, VTO
i UPOV cilj unapreenje zatite i sprovoenju prava intelektualne svojine na
globalnom nivou . To e
doprinese unapreenju tehnolokih inovacija i transferu i irenju
tehnologije , na uzajamnu korist stvaralaca i korisnika tehnolokog znanja
i na nain koji doprinosi drutvenom i ekonomskom blagostanju , a na
ravnotei prava i

obligations.54 Trenutno akcije EU i meunarodnih organizacija esto

nedostaje
dovoljna koordinacija time oteavaju njihov effectiveness.55
U kontekstu VIPO ,Komisija e nastaviti da podrava velike ratifikaciju
1996 VIPO Internet ugovori i njihova pravilna primena u doma im zakonima
. To e
takoe neguju napore da proizvedu odgovaraju e alate za procenu
funkcionisanja autorskih prava
sistemi. To e podrati teku e napore u borbi protiv globalnog fenomena
signala piraterije i
internet retransmisija piratskih radiodifuznih signala . Komisija e takoe
udvostrui svoje
napori da se stvori VIPO sporazum o prekograninoj dostavljanja materijala u
graevinske
formati prilagoeni potrebama itanja onemogu io u skladu sa ciljevima UN
Konvencija o pravima osoba sa invaliditetom . U junu 2010 ,EU je ve
predloila
VIPO Zajedniku preporuku u vezi sa poboljan pristup dela zati enih
autorsko pravo za osobe sa invaliditetom za tampanje .
Na meunarodnom nivou , Ugovora o patentnom pravu je ve usaglaen i
unapreeni formalna
postupci u vezi sa nacionalnim i regionalnim patentnih prijava i patenata . EU
e
stoga nastaviti da podrava razgovore na VIPO o materijalnog patentnog
prava harmonizacije .
Ovo bi poboljati kvalitet patenta i smanjiti trokove , za dobrobit korisnika
patenta
sistem u svetu .
EU bi trebalo da bude u poziciji da ratifikuje trgovinski sporazum protiv
falsifikovanja

pogleda .
3.6.2 .

3.6.3 .

izvrenje .
procedure .
za

1.

izvrenje .
4. . ZAKLJUCI

modela .

sredstva .

zatita

instrument
Savet .

kolektivan
autorsko pravo

dela
radi .

autorsko pravo

2012

sadrina

2012

dopunjuju i

geografski
ovo

primenjivanje

nedozvoljeni
intelektualac

zainteresovane
prekraji

Zemlje
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