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In the port business, marketing tools can be described as 3 Ps namely: Product, Promotion and Price.

In this monograph, the major aspects of Product and pricing will be presented briefly in this introduction, while marketing promotion tools will be concentrated on in-depth discussion

Product Promotion

Price

Marketing Tools

PRODUCT
The product, or port services, is the cornerstone around which all other marketing activities will be designed. The reason why a port has been chosen for the handling of a certain traffic or for a new investment, is because of what the port can offer. Therefore it is very important that a marketer knows every aspect of his port in nautical, technical as well as in commercial fields. The marketing team has to be aware of the strengths and weakness of the port; not only at one moment in time, but continuously. This requires continuous education and training of the marketing unit.

Geographical position

Nautical approach

Hinterland connections

Disposition of quays & land

Services

Labor force & social climate

Know-how

Fiscal environment

PRICE
Pricing is a difficult marketing function. Several extra complexities are involved in pricing in an international market and this is the case for seaports which are by definition situated in an international competitive market. So the port will have to take some pricing decisions into account:
Estimated Costs Competition

Currency

Payment Terms

Marketing variables

The pricing of a port is established on different levels, Some levels that can be distinguished are:

Harbour dues

Land leases

Handling costs

PROMOTION
Promotion is the most visible as well as the most culture-related one of the port marketing functions. Through the promotional function, the port is standing up and speaking out, willing to be seen and heard. Therefore, promotion is very important. With an excellent product, namely a well-equipped port with a safe and deep nautical access, modern handling gear and a highly productive labor force, clients need to be aware if the ports existence. Action is needed to raise the awareness. Therefore promotion can be defined as communication between the port and various target groups, in order to inform them and influence their attitudes and behavior towards the port.

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