Coordinate systems Unit Vectors Coordinate systems Cartesian Coordinates (x,y,z) Cylindrical Polar Coordinates (,,z) Spherical Polar

Polar Coordinates (r,,) Coordinate Transformations Cartesian Cylindrical Polar Coordinates x = cos y = sin z=z r = x y tan = y!x cos = x! sin = y! Cartesian Spherical Polar Coordinates x = r sin cos y = r sin sin z = r cos r = x y z cos = z!r tan = y!x cos = x! sin = y! Cartesian coordinates (i , j, k ) r = xi yj zk Cylindrical Polar Coordinates (, , k) r = zk = cos i sin j = "sin i cos j Spherical Polar Coordinates (r, , ) r = rr r = sin cos i sin sin j cos k = cos cos i cos sin j " sin k = "sin i cos j Area and Volume Elements Cartesian coordinates #rea element parallel to xy plane, dS = dx dy k #rea element parallel to yz plane, dS = dy dz i #rea element parallel to xz plane, dS = dx dz j $ol%me element, d& = dx dy dz Cylindrical Polar Coordinates #rea element parallel to xy plane, dS = ' d d k #rea element o( c%r&ed s%r(ace, dS = d dz $ol%me element, d& = dr d dz Spherical Polar Coordinates #rea element, dS = r sin d d r $ol%me element, d& = r sin dr d d