{InkvXp-aX- hpw

{InkvXp-hns aXhpw

C.-kn. sska am

Ckvem-anIv ]n-jnwKv lukv

tImgn-tmSv, Xncp-h\
-
- ]
- p-cw, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, Xriq

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

{]kvXmh\
temI-nse Ghpw henb aX-k-aq-l-amWv {InkvXym\n-I. auenI hnj-b
- f
- nt]mepw Kpcp-Xc
- a
- mb hoWhy-Xym-k-ap Htsd k`-I Cp-v. tbip-hm
m]n-X-amb bYmY -aXw X-fp-tS-Xm-sWv Hmtcm
k`bpw Ah-Im-i-s-Sp-p. Fm tbip Hcp aXw
m]n- n- ptm? tbip- h ns {]t_m- [ - \ - ns
ImX Fm-bn-cpp? \ne-hn-ep k`-I aptm-psh-p hnizmk ho-W
- f
- p-ambn tbip-hns kti-p h _-hp-aptm? Ccw Imcy- {]amW--fpsS shfn--n hne-bn-cp-p sNdp-sX-nepw
auen-I-X-bp IrXn-bm-Wn-Xv.
kzw At\z-j-W-n-eqsS kXy-]mX Is-n
Ah-[m\ ]qhw AXn-tep ISph C.-kn. sska am-dpsS hmp-Iv Akm-[m-c-W-amb Bkv]i-ap-v. hmb-\-mpw AX-\p-`-h-s-Sp-sav
R {]Xo-n-p-p.
kXym-t\z-j-Iv Znim-t_m[w \Im CXv D]I-cn-ssb {]mY-\-tbmsS.
{]-km-[-I

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

{KImcs\pdnv
Xriq Pn-bnse sImSp-
- q-cn-\S- p Imc kztZ-in-bmWv C.kn. sska am. Cw-nse {]kn--amb Am-kn-U
tImtf-Pnse ss__n Id-kvt]m-kv tImgvkv Db
amtmsS ]qn-bm-n.
FS-hn-ev Kh. sslkvIq-fn A[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-p.
ss{]adn kvIq slUvam--dm-bn. dn-b sNbvX-tijw Imcbnse Ce-n- hon hn{i-a-Po-hnXw \bn-p-p.
`mcybpw \mep a-fp-ap-v.
hnemkw:

C.kn. sska am
Ce-n- lukv
]n.-H. Imc, FS-hn-ev
Xriq Pn-680 671

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

{InkvXp-aX- hpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

hepXpw

sNdp-Xp-amb F-a ss{IkvX-h-k-`-I Xn GIm`n{]m- b - a p Htcsbmcp Imcyw tbip- { Inkv X p m]n- - X mWv
{InkvXp-aXw Fp--Xs{X. \qm-p-I-fmbn \ne-\n-p-t]m-cp Cu
hnizmkw bmYmYy-n-e[
- n-jvTn-Xa
- mtWm Fv ]cn-tim-[n-p-X
- n\v
Bsc-nepw {ian-n-p--Xmbn Adn-hn. AXns Bh-iy-IX
Bpw tXmn-bn-n-spw hcmw. Fnepw ss__n-fns shfn-n Cu hnj-b-n kXy-k--amb Hc-t\z-jWw \S-m-\p
Ffnb {ia-amWv Xmsg.
tbip-hm-bn-cpp {InkvXp-aX m]-I-s\-n At-l-ns
D]-tZ-i--fp-sSbpw Pohn-X-N-cy-I-fp-sSbpw Bcm-[-\m-{I-a--fp-sSbpw
kap--b-am-bn-cn--W-atm Cu aXw. ]t, {InkvXp-a-X-n
Acw bmsXmcp kzm[o-\hpw ImW-s-Sp-n. F, {InkvXphn-cp--amb ]e kwK-Xn-Ifpw aX-ns `mK-ambn \ne-\np-Xmbn ImWp-Ibpw sNpp. Cu sshcp-[y-amWv Fs C-s\sbmcp At\z-j-W-n\v t{]cn-n-Xv.
C{km-tb hwi-P-\m-bn-cpp tbip. \t sNdp--n A
adnbw ]n-bn sImp-t]m-bXpw ]noSv k-p-Zn-h-k-amb i\nbm-gvN-I-fn injy-cp-sam-nv ]Xn-hmbn {]mY-\v t]mbn-cp-Xpw
ss__n-fn hnh-cn-p-pv. C{km-tbm-cpsS aX-\n-b-a-
A\p-k-cn-m-bn-cpp tbip-hns PohnXw. Ah-cpsS s]kl Xncp\m Znhkw ky-m-bn-cpp At-l-ns Ahkm\ Amgw.
CXn\p tij-amWv {]mY-\
- mbn KZvkt- a F tXm-n t]mbXpw ]ptcm-ln-X
- m-cpsS ]nWn-bm-fp-I ]nSn-p-sIm-p-t]mbn inv
hn[n-Xpw. arX-tZlw adhpsNbvXXpw C{km-tbm-cpsS BNm-ca-\p-k-cn-p-Xs Bbn-cp-p-sh-mWv ss__n hnh-cWw. tbip
BPo-h\
- mw C{km-tbm-c\
- m-bn-cp-p-shv CXn\np hyw.
4

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

tbip-hns AwKo-Im-c-an-m ]pXnb \nbaw

{InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS aX-{K--amb ss__n-fnse ]pXnb \nbaw
tbip Fgp-Xn-b-X. ambn, amtmkv, eqm, tbml-m Fo
\mep t]sc-gp-Xnb \mep kphn-ti-j--fmWv Cv \ne-hn-ep-Xv.
tbip-hns ac-W-sbpw Dbns-gp-t]n-s\bpw ]n Cu \mep
kphn-ti-j--fnepw {]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p--Xn-\m At-l-ns Imetijw Fgp-Xs
- -h
- b
- mWv Ah-sbmw Xsbpw Fp hyw. AXmbXv Xs-n Fgp-X-s B \mev A]qW Poh-N-cn-{X-{K--fpw
Atlw In-p-tXm hmbn-p-tI-n-p-tXm AwKo-I-cn-n-p-tXm
A. tbip-hns AwKo-Im-c-an-m, Atlw In-n-m kphnti-j--fmWv, tbip m]n--sXp ]d-b-s-Sp aX-ns {]mamWnI {K- Fp ]d-bp-tm AXn henb ]n-tI-Sp-Xmbn Nnn-p-h
- v tXmn-tbmw. Cu kphn-ti-j
- IqSmsX
thsd Nne {K-fpw teJ-\-fpw ]pXnb \nb-a-n Ds-Sppv. Ahbpw tbip-hns Ime-tijw Fgp-X-s--h-bmWv.
ss__n ]qWambpw kXy-ssZ-h-ns hN-\--fm-sWv
hmZn--s-Sp-p-s-nepw B hmZs km[q-I-cn-p sXfn-hp-Isfmpw B {Kw \Ip-n. DZm-l-c-W-n\v eqm-bpsS kphnti-j-sa-Spmw. B {Kw Cs\ Bcw-`n-pp: ""\psS CS-bn
\S Imcy- XpSw apX ZrIvkm-n-Ifpw hN-\-ip-{iq-j-Icpw
Bbn-cp--h \s Adn-bn hn[-n Xs kam-l-cnv Hcp hnhcWw Fgp-Xm ]ecpw DZy-an-n-pv. t{ijvT-\mb Xntbm-^n-temtk,
\n\pthn {Ia-amb Hcp hnh-cWw Fgp-Xp-Xv DNn-X-sav Iptdm-e-ambn Fm Imcy-fpw {im-]qhw ]Tn-p-sIm-n-cp
F\np tXmn. \ns Adn-bn-n-p Imcy--fpsS kXym-h
\o {Kln-t--Xn-\mWv CXv'' (eqm 1:14).
Pohn-n-cp tbip-hns\ Fs-nepw In-p-X
- mtbm Atlw
]d hmp-I tIn-p--Xmtbm At-l-ns Ap-X-Ir-Xyv kmywhln-n-p-X
- mtbm eqm Ah-Im-is
- -Sp-n. tIptIhn-bpsS ASn-m-\-nepw ap]ecpw AXn\papv Fgp-Xnb
{K-f
- n\np ]Tnpw eqm Fgp-Xnb Imcy-f
- psS kXym-h
tbipthm At-l-ns injyamtcm kmy-s-Sp-n-bn-p-Xmbn {]kvXm-hn-p-p-an. temI-am-k-I-e-ap {InkvXym-\n-I-fm
5

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

aX-{K--ambn D]-tbm-Kn--s-Sm Dt-in-p-a eqm AsX-gp-XnbXv. Xntbm-^n-temkv F GtXm Hcp a\pjy\pthn Bsctm
Fs-tm A[nIsampw AdnbsSm Hcp eqm, tbip-hns
hntbm-Km\cw At\Iw sIm-p-tijw tbip-hn\p a\-nem-Im {Kop `mj-bn Fgp-Xn-bX
- mWv Cp {]Nm-c
- n-en-cn-p
eqm-bpsS kphn-tijw. eqm-bpsS hN\w F-msX AXns\
ssZh-h-N\w Fp ]d-bp--Xn\v \ymbo-I-c-W-an. ssZh-ns hN\-am-bn-cp-s-n Amcyw {K-Im-c A`n-am-\-]qhw FSp-p-]d-bp-am-bn-cpp. GsX-nepw ssZh-Zq-X {]Xy--sv shfn-s-Sp-nsm-Sp--Xm-bn-cp-s-n B hnh-chpw {K-n {]tXyIw tcJs-Sp-p-am-bn-cpp. kwK-Xn-bpsS kXym-h CXm-bn-cns, eqmbpsS kphn-ti-js Hcp ssZhn-I-{K--sap hnfn-p--Xn Ign; ssZhs kw_-n Nne hkvXp-X-I AXn Ds-n
IqSn.
Fm, ssZhw a\p-jy-tcmSp kwkm-cn-p-Xv DS-\ofw CXnhr--am-nb Hcp al-Zv{K--amWv hnip--Jp-B. AXv kzbw
Cs\ {]Jym-]n-pp: ""Cu Jp-B temI-c
- n-Xm-hp-Xs
- -bmWv
Ah-X-cn-n-Xv. hnizkvX ssNX-\y-amb K{_n-tb AXp-ambn \ns
a\-n-te-n-dn. hy-amb Ad_n`mj-bn ap-dn-bnp\Ip
Hcm-fmbn As\ \o amdn. Cmcyw ]qhn-I-cpsS GSp-I-fn ]dn-pv. CXn-s\-p-dnv C{km-tbm-cnse ]WvUn-Xamv
Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-pshXv Cu Bfp-Iv Hcp sXfn-ht?'' AXn
hopw Cs\ hmbn-pp: ""Xo-bmbpw CXv alXzw XnI
Hcp {K-am-Ipp. CXns ]nn-eq-sStbm apn-eq-sStbm AkXyw
Gip-I-bn. bpn-am\pw kvXpXyl-\p-amb ssZh-n\nv AhX-cn--XmWv Cu Jp-B.''
ss__n-fnse \mep kphn-ti-j--fn Hnepw CXp-t]mse hyhpw B[n-Im-cn-I-hp-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I ImWm Ign-bp--X.
eqm-bpsS Imcyw ]d-Xv Hcp DZm-l-cWw am{Xw. D-S--ns
Kmw`ocyw t\mn-bmepw B hyXymkw kv]jvS-ambn ImWm
Ignbpw.

An-a-c-ns IY
tbip bYmY-n \S-n-bn-p Ap-X-{]-h-\-sf
6

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

hWn-p--tXm-sSmw Atlw Hcn-epw sNbvXn-cn-m hgn-bnm-Xpw At-l-n\v XnIpw Bt-]ml-hp-amb Imcy-fpw

kphn-ti-j- ]cm-ain-n-pv. AXn-sem-mWv am-bnbpw
amtmkpw hnh-cn-p An-a-c-ns IY. AXn-s\: ""Hcn _Y-\n-bn \nv Pdq-k-te-an-tep t]mIp-tm At-ln\v hnip. hgn-b-cn-In Hcp An-acw Ip. ]gw Inp-sa
[mc-W-bn ASp-p-sNp. Fm AXn-t Ce-I-f-msX ]gsampw In. ImcWw AXv An--g-ns Ime-a-m-bn-cpp.
\ncm-i-\mb tbip B acs i]np: "C\n Hcn-epw \o ]gw
ImbvmsX t]mIs!' XWw B acw DW-n-tmbn'' (ambn
21:1819, amtmkv 11:1214).
tbip-hns\ Xosc Xcw-Xmgvn ImWn-p--XmWv Cu IY.
]gw Dm-Im Imev ]g-a-t\z-jnv Bcpw ac-tm-n t]mImdn. AYhm t]msb-n Xs ]gw In-s-p-shv hr-tmSv
tIm]n-p-I-bn. AIm-en ^ew Imbvm-Xn-cp--Xn\v ac-a-tm
D-c-hmZn. hni-p-sImv IpImWmsX tIm]n-jvS-\mbn i]nv
acw DW-n--f-s-n tbip sNbvXXv ssZh-kn--amb Xs
Ignhv Zpcp-]t- bm-Ks
- -Sp-e
- m-bn-tmbn Fp ]d-tb-n-hcpw. Fm
Hcn-epw AXm-bn-cp-n At-l-ns kz`mhw.

]t{Xmkv tbip-hns\ \ntj-[n-pp

{]apJ injy-\mb iotam ]t{Xm-kn\pw tbip-hn\pw Hcpt]mse Bt-]ml-amb asmcp kw`hw hfsc {]m[m-\y-tmsS
ss_-_n hnh-cn-pp: ""i{Xp- ]nSn-IqSn AdpsNbvXp- sImp-t]m-Ip--Xn\v sXmp-apv tbip injyam-tcmSv ]dp: "Cv
cm{Xn Fm-hcpw Fs hnv HmSn-tmIpw.' iotam ]t{Xmkv
]dp: "Bscmw Dt]-n-mepw Rm Asb Dt]-n-p-Ibn.' tbip {]Xn-h-Nnp: "Cu cm{Xn tImgn cp {]mhiyw Iqhp-Xn\papv \o aqp {]mhiyw Fs Xn--dbpw.' A]w
Ignv ]ptcm-ln-Xam Ab Bqw hSn-Ifpw hmfp-I-fpambn hv tbip-hns\ Adv sNbvXp. injyam Fm-hcpw HmSntmbn. Agnp hoW en\hkv{Xw FSp-p-Sp-mt]mepw
\nm-sX-bmWv Hcm HmSn-bXv. i{Xp- tbip-hns\ alm-]ptcm-ln-Xs sImm-c-n-tev sImp-t]mbn. ]t{Xmkpw asmcp
injy\pw tbip-hns\ ]np-Sv sImm-c-ap-v {]th-inp. AhnsS
7

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

Hcp the-mcn ]t{Xm-kns\ t\mn--dp: "Cbmfpw tbip-hns

injy-cn Hcm-fmWv.' DSs\ ]t{Xmkv \ntj-[np: "Rm B a\pjys\ Adn-bp-I-t]m-ep-an.' IpdpIgnv asmcp kv{Xo ]t{Xmkn-t\mSv tNmZnp: "\obpw tbip-hns Hcp injy-\t?' ]t{Xmkv
BW-bnp ]dp: "A. Hcn--ep-a.' ]noSv Bq--n
Nnecpw ]t{Xm-kn-t\mSv ]dp: "\ns kwkmcw tIm-e-dnbmw,
\obpw B Keo-en-bm-c tbip-hns Iq-ns]--h Xs.'
]t{Xmkv hopw in-bmbn \ntj-[np. "B a\p-jys\ Rm
Adn-bp-sa-n ssZhw Fs inn-p-sIm-s.' DSs\ tImgn cmaXpw Iqhn'' (ambn 26:69 75).
Cu kw`hw kXy-am-sW-n AXv tbip-hn\pw ]t{Xm-kn\pw
Hcp-t]mse A]-am-\-I-c-am-Ipp. tbip-hm-Is ]t{Xm-km-Is Cu
IY hmbnp tIn-cp-s-n Xo-bmbpw ssItbmsS \ntj-[n-pam-bn-cpp. AYhm kwKXn kXy-am-sW-n tbip-hns\ Xn-d \nanjw apX ]t{Xmkv `qan-bnse Ghpw Xcw-Xmgv
a\pjy\mbn A[x-]X
- n-sp thWw IW-m-m. I-kXyw AcpsX-p-Xv ssZh-I]-\b
- mWv. tbip-hns {]apJ injy As\
sNp-sav Icp-Xm h. Ah-km-\-Lw hscbpw kX kl-Nmcn-bmbn tbip-hns IqsS Ign-npw kXyw ]d-bm-\p Nqw
Dm-bn-s-n ]ns Fp ]Tnp, Fp ]Tn-np Fv \ymbambpw Bcpw kwi-bn-tpw. Ghpw B]-ZvL--n Kpcp-hns\
Dt]-n-p-Ibpw Xn--d-bp-Ibpw sNbvX, BmYX sXmp-Xom hnizm-k-h--I\pw \n-sI--h\pw Bb Hcp injy\v tbip
Hcn-epw {]ap-J-m\w I]n-p-am-bn-cp-n.
Fm ss__n Btcm-]n-p--t]mse aqey-an-m--h-cm-bncp-n {InkvXpinjy F-XmWv hmkvXhw. ]cn-ip Jp-B
C-mcyw hy-am-pp. {InkvXp-hns\ am{X-a {InkvXp-in-jy-scbpw
AwKo-I-cn-p--h-cmWv apkvenwI. Xosc hniz-kn-m ]m-htcm Zpxkz-`m-hn-Itfm Bbn-cp-s-n JpB\n Ah-sc-n \
]cm-ai-sfmpw Dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-n. DXvIr-jvS- hy-n-I-sf-n
lo\-amb Zpcm-tcm-]-W- \S-pI Fp-Xv ss__n Im-fn ]ecpw kzoI-cn-n-p ssien-bm-b-Xn-\m {InkvXp-in-jycpsS Imcy-nepw B hgw ]men--sp Fp Icp-Xp--Xmhpw
8

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

bpn-klw.

kzK-cm-Py-ns Xmtm-ep-I
asmcp ss__n {]kvXm-h-\-bn, imco-cn-I-ti-jn-bnepw Imcy{]m-]vXn-bnepw Icp--\mb injy ]t{Xm-kns\ hnfnv A`n-\--\kz-c-n tbip ]d-bpp: ""]t{Xmtk, \o ]md-bm-Ipp (]t{Xmkv
Fm ]md FYw). Cu ]md-ta Rm Fs ]n ]Wnbpw.''
]t, ]n F-Xp-sImv tbip Dt-in-Xv Hcp ]pXnb aX-hn-`mK-am-bn-cp-n-spw C{km-tbmn-S-bnse A-hn-izm-k-fpw
A\m-Nm-c-fpw Cm-Xmn ipo-I-c-Whpw \ho-I-c-Whpw \Sn
Hcp ]pXnb kwkvIrX P\-hn-`m-Ks cq]-s-Sp-pI am{X-am-bn-cpspw tbip-hn-sbpw injy-m-cp-sSbpw A\-c \]-Sn-I hyam-pp. Hcp ]pXnb aXw m]n-pI Fp-Xv At-l-ns
{]hm-NI ZuXy-n\v XnIpw FXn-cm-bn-cpp. asm-cn- Bem-cn-I-`m-j-bn tbip ]t{Xm-kn-t\mSp ]dp: ""kzK-cm-Py-ns
Xmtm-ep-I \n\p Rm Xcpp. \o `qan-bn sIp--sXmw
kzK-nepw sI-s-n-cnpw. \o `qan-bn Agn-p--sXmw kzKnepw Agn-n-cnpw.'' kzKw Xpd-m\pw ]qm-\p-ap Xmtmem-bn-cp-n tbip injy\p sImSp-Xv. As\ Hcp ApX
Xmtm At-l-ns ] Dm-bn-cp-p-an. FpXs-b,
kzK-ns Imcy-n As\ Hcp A[n-Im-chpw tbiphn\v Dmbn-cp-n-tm. bYmY-n tbip Dt-in-Xv \ns Rm ]Tn-np-Xv ssZh-ns t\cmb amKn-te-p D]-tZ-i--fmWv.
Cu D]-tZ-i- ]menp Pohn-m \n\v ssZhnI shfnhpw
]c-temIv ssZhn-I-km-ao-]yhpw e`npw Fm-bn-cpp.
hmkvX-h-ambpw \ne-hn-en-m B Xmtmepw AXns ]npSm-h-Im-i-hp-amWv Nne k`m-t\-Xr-Xz- hmZn-p-sIm-n-cn-pXv. "sIp--Xn\pw Agn-p--Xn\pw ]t{Xm-kn\v Innb Cu A[nIm-c-ns ]np-Sm-h-Im-in-I F \ne-bn-emWv Itm-en-mk` ]m]-tam-N-\-n-\p Ip-kmcw F NS-nqSn hnizm-knIsf sNm-Sn-bn-\np-Xv. tbip sNbvX-Xmbn ]d-bp B
{]-kvXm-h-\sb injym hf-sm-Sn-p-tm bmsXmcp AY-ipw CS-bn-m--hn[w Jp-B ]d-bpp: ""a\p-jyp thn
ssZhw sNmcn-bp Hcp Imcp-Wyhpw XS-p-sh-m Bp-am9

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

hn. ssZhw XS-p-sh-p--Xns\ ]noSv hn-b-m\pw Hcmpw

Ign-bn. Ah Ghpw {]Xm-]-hm\pw Fn\pw Ign-hp--h-\p-amIpp.'' ssZhw XS-p-sh-Xv sImSp-n-m tbip-hnt\m ]t{Xmknt\m Bhp-sav BcmWv hniz-kn-pI!
kphn-ti-j- tbip hmbn-p-Itbm AwKo-I-cn-p-Itbm
sNbvXn-n Fp-Xv Hcp \nmcImcy-a. Hcp aX-m-]-I B
aX-ns `c-W-L-S\ Fp hnti-jn-n-m-hp {]amW-{K--sn tI-dn-hp-t]m-ep-an-m A-\m-bn-cpp Fm-WX
- ns AYw.
at-sX-nepw aX-tmtSm kwL-S\
- t- bmtSm Xmc-XaywsNbvXm
Amcyw hy-amIpw. DZm-l-c-W-n\v CkvemwaX-sa-Spmw. {]hmN-I-\mb apl-Zv\_nv K{_n-tb amem-J- hgn shfn-s-Sp-n-nnb aX-{K--amb Jp-B Cp-hsc bmsXmcp am-n\pw hnt[b-am-bn-n-m-Xpw \_n AwKo-I-cn-n-n-m Hscm hmp-t]mepw
Ds-Sm--Xpam-sWpw ssZh-\m-a-n AXv BW-bnp {]Jym]n-pp. AtX-k-abw temIs Ghpw henb aX-hn-`m-K-ns
aX-{Kw B aX-m-]-I ImWp-Itbm tIp-Itbm sNm-Xm-sW-n AXv Fp-sImv As\ Bbn F tNmZyw hfsc
{]k--am-Ipp.

{InkvXp-hn-sbpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-sSbpw ssZhw hyXykvXw

ssZh-amWv aX-hn-izm-k-ns ImX. {InkvXp-aX m]-I\mb tbip-{InkvXp {]mYn ssZh-tm-S {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS
{]mY\. A{_-lmapw Ckvam-tbepw Cklmpw bmtm_pw
tamsibpw Bcm-[n AtX-ssZhwXs-bm-bn-cpp tbip-hns
ssZhw. Fm ss{IkvX-hv ssZhw tbip-hmbn amdn. Cs\
aX-m-]I
- s ssZhhpw At-l
- ns A\p-bm-bn-If
- psS ssZhhpw
hyXy-kvX-am-bn-o-cp-Xv Hcp henb hntcm-[m-`m-k-at? Xm
khi-\pw kh-\p-amb ssZh-am-sWtm Fm-hcpw Xs
Bcm-[n-t--Xm-sWtm tbip ]d--Xmb bmsXmcp kqN-\bpw
ss__n-fn-se-p-an. Xs a\p-jy-]p-{X F-msX ssZh-]p-{X
Fv tbip Hcn-epw hnti-jn-n-n-n. kz-ambn Hcp Cu-sbt]mepw krjvSn-m Ign-hn-m-Xn-cp tbip-hns\ krjvSn-Imhpw khi--\p-amb ssZhw Xp-cm\v Xpey-ambn Bcm-[n-p-Xncw A_--sa-pv? Atlw At-bw hn\-bm-\zn-X-\mbn
10

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

ZoL-t\cw {]mYn--Xn-sbpw \o D]-hm-k- A\p-jvTn--Xnsbpw DZm-l-cW- F{X-th-W-sa-nepw ImWm Ignbpw. ssZham-bn-cp-s-n At-l-n\v {]mY-\-bpsS Bh-iy-sa-m-bn-cpp?
ssZh-n\v am-an-sv aXw ]d-bpp. Fn {InkvXp-hn\p apv
ssZhw btlm-hbpw tijw {InkvXphpw BIp--sX-s\?

{InkvXphpw Ipcnipw
{InkvXp-a-X-ns HutZym-Kn-Ihpw ]hn-{X-hp-amb Nn-amWv
Ipcniv. Fm {InkvXp sXc-s-Sp--X B Nnw. B ImeL--nse P\-fpw {InkvXphpw `b-tmSpw shdp-tmSpw honn-cp Hcp ]oU-t\m-]-I-cWw am{X-am-bn-cpp AXv. Ip-hm-fn-I
am{X-a A[n-Im-cn-hK-n-\n-jvS-an-m Bbn-c--W-n \nc-]cm-[n-Ifpw ]mh-s--hcpw ASn-a-Ifpw Am-ev Ipcn-in InSp
]nS-p-a-cn-n-pv. {Iqc-X-bpsS ]cym-b-am-bn-cpp AXv. X\n-p-thnbpw Hcp Ipcniv Dbp-h-cm-\p km[yX apIqnmWv
KZvk-ta tXm-nshv tbip lrZ-b-ap-cpIn {]mYn-Xv: ""ssZhta, CXv Fn\nv \on--tc-Wta.'' kvt\l-tmsS Ipcn-ins\
amSnhnfn-p-I-b, "AI-n--tcWta' Fp {]mYn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp
`b-tmSpw shdp-tmSpw IqSn Atlw. AtX Ipcniv Xs-bmWv
Cv c-bpsS {]Xo-I-amb Bcm-[\m hkvXp-hm-bn-cn-p-Xv.
Fsmcp hntcm-[m-`mkw!
tbip-hns Ipcn-ip-a-cWw cpw ktm-j-n\pw Imc-Wam-bX
- p-sIm-mWv Ipcniv ]hn-{Xhpw ]qP-\o-bh
- p-ambn Xo-sX-n
B ac-W-n\v Imc-W-m-cmb blq-Zsc temI-am-k-Iew th-bmSn
ISp ]oU-\-pw Iq-sm-epw hnt[-b-cm-n-b-sX-n\v?
\nyhpw \nPo-h-hp-amb Ipcn-ins\ ]hn-{Xo-I-cnv Dbn-b-tm
tbip-hns kzw hwi-nepw c-n-epw- s] C{km-tbmcnse blq-Zsc a\p-jy-Xz-c-ln-X-ambn Iq-sme sNbvX-Xn\v Fp
\ymbo-I-c-W-apv?

Znhy-_en
{InkvXp-hns\ ac-W-n\v Hn-sm-Sp bqZm-kn-s\bpw blqZ-scbpw h-Icpw A{I-an-I-fp-ambn Bt-]n-p ]ptcm-ln-X
tbip-hns Ipcn-ip-a-cWw Znhy-Ip_m\, Znhy-_en, kvt\l-_en
Fo Hma-\-t-cp-I-fn Cv Fm ]n-I-fnepw Fm Znh-khpw
11

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

kv{XotbmSv C{km-tbmp-thn am{X-amWv ssZhw Xs

BtLmn-- s
p-hXv
-cpp.Atlw
Znhy-_-en-Xpdp]dn-S-bn, Ipcnnb tbiphns
Ab- n- j
p-
b p- Ii- bn-tp-embn
(ambn
arXi-co-chpw hmsm-gp-Inb chpw F k]-n ]ptcm15:2128).
ln-X hnX-cWw sNp Ahpw hopw hnizm-kn-I hm
]{p
s-
\mbn NpaXXpdpw
ssI injysc
\onbpw sXckzoIcn-Spv
pp; {]hAXo-h-`\
-
n-tn-bmsS.
cmes
S
pn
Ab
t
m
tbip
Ahsc
{]tXyIw
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bncw sIm--p apv blq-Z \S-nb Ipcn-in-te- \nyhpw
Hcp
tbmnnepw AhcpsS
]-W
-\oN-Imcyw,
hp-ambn \n
Nn{Xo-IC{km-cn-p
]ptcm-ln-XS-bXsbmWv
CXv
cfnepw
am{Xta
t]mImhq
FXmb
nc
pp.
tbiph
ns
PohnX
I
bp-sSbpw ]m]-tam-N-\-n-sbpw {]Xo-I-ambn Bhn-p-Xvm-.
ev
injy-]ptcmcm-sc-l
nepw
ewLnvamb
A\yP-\. -XCs
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n-X B
sNbvI]\
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bn
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pI
F
Ahnt
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X
mbn
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Iia
mb
hmZ{
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nh
mZ

pt
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mWv
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AXn\p
f-\pw \nc-]-cm-[n-bp-amb tbip-hns\ ac-W-in-v hnp-sIm-Sp
Xp\n
fn ImWmw
(ambn
10:57,23).
\ymbm[n--s]Xv
-\mb ss__n]nem-tmkv
\oXn-]o-T
-n\v hcpn-sh-Xv XocmI-fw. Imew
IS-l

-tm B \oXn-ams cw ]m\wsNp{XnXzhpw

hn{Km-cp-tm-]m[-\bbpw
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arXi
c
ocw
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n-ep--XmWv ]nXmhv, ]p{X, ]cn-ip-m-mhv Fnh aqv
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X hynI-fl
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mw.
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hn{Kl

fpw
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fpw
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{]mYnpIbpw
injy-m-cmcpw tbip-hns P-Zn-\-ambn {Inkv-akv BtLm-jn-n-n.
Ah-sb- BtLmsXmp Npw_np-Ibpw
sNmw.
Cu
jhpw
Ahm-X-aAhsb
m-bn-cpp.hn{K-l- Fp
hnfn-m-Xn-cp-m aXn. "cq]-' Ft hnfn-mhq. Fn Ahp
tbip
C{km-tbm-cpsS {]hm-N-I
apn sNp Bcm-[-\-I hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bm-hn!
C{km-tbmn-S-bn am{X-am-bn-cpp tbip-hns {]htbip
ssZhXzw
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\w. ssZhw
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tcmK-fpw imco-cnI sshI-ey-fpw ssZh-k-lmbw D]-tbm-K-sn

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mp tbip]d-ap
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v
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klmbw
sNbvAYXp-sImpadpImcyn Xosctbip
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bn-cpp At-l-ns \ymbo-I-cWw. Xs ]nmse \Sv aIFXn-ctcmKm-fn-Ii
mbn.
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n-c-Xp
n-\m
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tIWt]-
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I\mImcn
12

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

bm-sa-m-bn-cpp hn[n {]Jym-]\w. Fm ]noSv ]ptcm-lnX kwL-Sn-n P\-q--ns kZ-n\p hgn \ymbm-[n-]
tbip-hns\ ac-W-n\p hnp-sIm-Sp-m \n_-n-X-\m-hp-I-bm-bncpp (eqm 23:3, 4: 13 25).
C{km-tbm-cpsS aX-]-chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Pohn-X-ns
Fm cwK--fnepw ]nSn-ap-dp-nb ZpjvS-i-n-I-fmb ]ptcm-ln-X-msc
Bt-]n-p-sImv Xs ]e {]kw-K--fnepw tbip Ahsc
"kk-X
- n-Itf sh-tX ih-
- d
- I
- tf' Fsmw kwt_m[\
sNbvXXm-bn-cpp ]ptcm-ln-X-msc {]tIm-]n-n-Xv. C{km-tbmcpsS aX-n Hcp a\p-jy ssZh-sav Ah-Im-i-s-Sp-Xv ac-Win hn[n-m-hp hIp--am-bn-cpp. AXp-sIm-mWv I-kmn-I-sf-tmepw AWn-\n-cn \ymbm-[n-]s apn ]ptcm-ln-X
B Kuc-h-ta-dnb Btcm-]Ww D-bn-Xv. tbip AXv Ak-n-Kv[ambn \ntj-[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. krjvSnv ZnhyXzw I]n cmbncw sIm-p apv hfsc ISp Ip-ambn tbiphpw At-lns aXhpw AwKo-Ic
- n-n-cns ]nm-ev Hcp aXw tbip-hns\
ssZh-ambn {]Jym-]n-p-sh-n B aXw Atlw m]n--X FXn\v AXp-Xs aXn-bmb sXfn-hm-Ipp.
A{_-lm-an-sbpw aI Ckvam-tb-en-sbpw ]cn-tO-Z\w (tNemIaw) \S-n-b-Xp-ap-X Fm BIp-n-Ipw \n_--am-bncp ]cn-tO-Z\ Iaw tbip-hn\pw \S-n-bn-pv; P\n-X
- ns Ggmw
Znhkw. tbip m]n aX-ns A\p-bm-bn-I Acw HcmNmcw Dt]-n-p-Itbm Bt-]ml-ambn Icp-Xp-Itbm Cm-bncpp. AXp-t]mse Xs C{km-tbm-cpsS aX-\n-b-a- A\pk-cnv Pohn tbip ]n-amwkw \njn--hpw hPyhpambmWv Incp-Xv. AtX ]n-amwkw CjvS-t`m-Py-am-p--h tbip-hn\nv
_lp-Zqcw AI-n-cn-p-p-shv hy-amWv.

abw Jp-B-\n
tbip-hn\p Pw-sIm-Sp ssZh-`--bmb Hcp D-akv{Xo
F-msX Aam-\p-jn-I-amb Fs-nepw Ap-X-knn adn-b-n\p--Xmbn ss__n tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-n. hmkvXhw ]d-m
ss__n-f Jp-B-\mWv adn-b-n\v IqSp-X {]m[m\yw sImSpn-p-Xv. ss__n-fn t]cp-]-d-n-p At\Iw kv{XoI-fn
13

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

Hcm am{X-amWv adnbw. Fm tbip-hns A F \ne-bn

adn-b-n-tXp am{X-amWv Jp-B-\n-ep GI kv{Xo\maw. FpX-s-b, Jp-B-\n {]tXy-I-amb Hc-[ymbw Xs-bpv "abw'
F t]cn. B H Imcyw aXn F{X \njv]--XtbmSpw hnim-ea-\-kvI-X-tbmSpw IqSn-bmWv AXn Imcy- {]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p-Xv
Fp a\-n-em-m. tbip-hn\pw A adn-b-n\pw Ckvemw
sImSp-n-p D-X-m\w Jp-B hmbnv th-hn[w a\-nem-p--Xn\v ss{IkvX-htcm AXv a\-n-em-n-sm-Sp-p--Xn\v
apkvenw-Itfm th{X {ian-n-n-s-pXv cp-`m-Knsbpw
henb hogvN-bm-bn-p-thWw Icp-Xm. \qm-p-I-fmbn temI-ns
]e `mKpw ]c-kv]cw t]mc-Snv Nnnb tNmcbpw \jvS-s-Spnb Pohn-X-fpw hgn Ccp aX-fpw B hogvNv sImSp
hne- I-W---XmWv. ]c-kv]cw IqSp-X a\-n-em-m\pw klnjvWp-XImm\pw Cu aX- t_m[-]qhw {ian-t-n-bn-cn-pp.
]c-kv]-c-hn-izmkw h[n-npw AI-bpsS Imc-W- Ign-bp{X Ipdpw ]gb apdn-hpI-fp-Wn ]c-kv]c _lp-am-\-n-tXpw
kvt\l-n-t-Xp-amb Hcp \qX-\-]mX shn-p-d-t-Xv Ime-L-ns Bh-iy-amWv.

tbip-hns Ap-X-knn Fhn-Sv?

kzw alXzwsImtm P-kn--amb `n-hn-ti-j-mtem
A tbip Ap-X
- {]hn-Xv. Dp-cp-In-bp {]mY-\I
- fpw
D]-hm-k-fpw hgn ssZh-n\np t\Sn-sb-Sp--Xm-bn-cpp B
knn-I. Hmtcm Ap-X-{]-h-\-n\p appw Atlw {]mYnp--Xmbpw {]mY\ km[npInp-tm ssZh-tmSv \n]d-bp-Xmbpw ImWmw. ssZh-ns alm-i-n-bm-bn-cpp tbip-hns
Ap-X-kn-n-bpsS Dd-hnSw F kXys Ah-K-Wn-p-tm-gmWv
tbip ssZh-am--s-SpXv.
A-hpw cp ao\pw sImv Am-bncw t]sc Xon, IS-en\p-aosX \Sp, acn--hsc Pohn-np, ]e-hn[ tcmK- kpJ-sSpn Fn-s\ tbip-sNbvX Ap-X- A\-h[n. Fm
Ah-tb-m Hpw Xmsg-b-m-tXm anI-tXm Bb Ap-X-
{]hn {]hm-N-I-m-cpw Cu `qan-bn P\n-n-p-s-p--XmWv
hmkvXhw. acp-`q-an-bn BIm-i-p-\nv "a' F ApX `14

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

W-an-dn C{km-tb P\-Xsb tamsi -{]-hm-N-I sIm--tfmfw

Xon-tm-n-bnpw Bcpw At-ls ssZh-sav hnfn-n. tbip- IS-en\p aosX \S-p-sh-n tamsi sN-S ]nfv ]mX-sbm-cpn
C{km-tb asf hmKvZ
- `
- q-an-bn-tev hgn\S-n-bn-pv. AXns
t]cn C{km-tb-ey At-ls ssZh-ambn hmgvn-bn-n.

Ipcnin acn-pthm?
tbip Ipcn-in acn-n-n-s Jp-BhmIys km[q-I-cnp ]e sXfn-hp-Ifpw ss__n kqva-ambn hne-bn-cp-p-hp ImWm Ignbpw. a\p-jy-hK-ns apgp-h ]m]-`m-chpw
Gs-Spv tbip Ipcn-inqn acn-Xv Fm-h-scbpw kzK-cmPy-n\v Ah-Im-in-I-fm-m thn-bm-sW-n ]ns {InkvXym\n-I ac-Ws `b-s-Sp--sX-n\v FmWv Jp-B tNmZn-pXv. Hcp a\p-jypw asm-cm-fpsS ]m]w Gs-Sp-m-\m-hn-spw
Hmtcm-cp-pw Ah-\-hs Ia-^ew A\p-`-hn-t-n-h-cp-sa-pamWv Jp-B ]d-bp-Xv. ssZh-I]\ A\p-k-cnv a\p-jyp
\-am{Xw sNbvXp Pohn \nc-]-cm-[n-bmb tbip-hns\ ap--h-cpsS
]m]w ]cn-l-cn-m-\mbn AXn-I-Tn-\-amb Ipcn-ip-a-c-W-n\v Ghpw
\oXn-am\pw Imcp-Wy-hm-\p-amb ssZhw hnt[-b-amn F hnizmkw
ssZhnI \oXn-p -am-{X-a am\p-jn-I-aq-ey-pw \nc-m--XmWv.
Ipcn-ip-a-c-W-ns hnizm-ky-Xsb kwi-bn-m-hp ]e ]cmai-fpw ss__n-fn Xs ImWmw. tbip i{Xp--fpsS ]nSnbn AI-s-Sp--Xn\p sXmp-apv AXoh`n-tbmsS {]mYn-p-Ibp-mbn: ""hcm-\p Ipcn-ip-a-cWw Hgn-hm-n-tc-Wta!'' tbiphns AXyw thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb B {]mY\ ssZhw kzoI-cn--XpsIm-m-hWw Ipcnip-hlnv Imh-cn-p-n-tep \S-p-\o-nb
tbip-hns tXmfnse Ipcniv ]m-f-m FSpv B hgn h
sskdoIm-c-\mb iotam F-bm-fpsS tXmfn-tev amn-sh-p-sImSp- m CS- b m- b Xv (ambn 27:32). ac- W - i n \S- m- t
KmKpm-a-e-bn Fn-b-tm Ipcniv Xncnphmn iotams\
Hgn-hm-n-b-Xmbn hnh-c-W-an. Ipcnip Npap sNp--h Ip-hmfn
FmWv hgw. AX-\p-k-cnv Ipcnip Npa-p-sN Bsf-s
tbip-hm-sW [mc-Wb
- n ]m-f
- m, Abm-fpsS FXnp-Is
- fmw
Ah-KW
- nv, Ipcn-in Xd-n-cn-m-\mWv km[yX. sXp-[m-cW
- s
- Imv
15

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

Bfpamdn-bmWv Xm Ipcn-in Xd--s-Sp--sXv Abmpw

t_m[y-s-n-cnpw. AXp-sIm-mhmw "ssZhta, Ch sNp--sXsv Ch Adn-bp-n, Ch-tcmSv an-t-Wta' Fv B {IqinX {]mYn-Xv (eqm 23:34).
]noSv ac-Wm-k
- \
- mb Abm "Fs ssZhta, Fs ssZhta
Fs ssIhn--sXv' Fp hne-]n--Xmbpw tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-pv
(ambn 27:46). acn-Xv tbip As-p--Xns i-amb asmcp
sXfn-hmWv B hnem]w. Ign-hns ]c-am-h[n ssZh-ns ktihpw kphn-ti-jhpw C{km-tbmsc Adn-bn tbip-hns\ Ipcnin- t en ac- W - i n- v ssZhw A\p- h - Z n- p- I - b n- tm. ssZhw
G]n ZuXyw \nd-th-p--Xn Atlw Ip-I-c-amb hogvN hcpn-bn-p-s-nte A-c-samcp inv kmwK-Xy-apq.

injy-m-cpsS kwibw
acn-Xv tbip-h-s-n Dbns-gp-t-Xpw At-l-a-sv
hyw. Dbns-gp-t a\p-jy GXm\pw {]mhiyw injympw ap Nnepw {]Xy--s--Xm-bmWv hnh-cWw. Fm
Ahn-sSbpw AXv tbip-hm-sWv kwi-b-c-ln-X-ambn injy-mt]mepw hniz-kn-p-n-s-p--XmWv hmkvXhw. Ipcn-in Xd--s
BXs F sXfn-hn-\mbn Abm ico-c-`m-K--fnse BWn-gp-Xp-I injy-mv ImWnpsImSp-pp. acn-Xpw DbXpw
tbip-Xs Bbn-cp-s-n X\nv Ghpw {]nb-s--hcpw Nnc-]cn-Nn-Xcpw Bbn-cp injy-mp apn Poh-t\msS \nhp\np-tm Xncn--dn-hn-\mbn GsX-nepw AS-bmfw ImWn-p-sImSp-t Bh-iy-ap-m-bn-cp-n. ssIIm-ep-I-fnse apdn-hp-I DWmsX \ne-\n-n-cpp Fp ]d-bp-tm Bv BIrXn-hyXymkw hn-cp-n-s-p-thWw a\-n-em-m. Fnns Kpcp-hns\
Xncn--dn-bm injyamv FmWv {]bmkw? apJ-Omb, i_vZw
apX-em-b-hv Fs\ amw hcpw? t\p-t\sc hcmsX ad-p\np hnfn-mepw i_vZwsImv Bsf Xncn--dn-bm Bpw Ignbp-X
- m-Wtm. Chn-sS-bm-hs k-Xk
- l
- N
- m-cn-If
- mb injy-mpt]mepw CXv tbip-X-stbm FXn kwibw tXmpp. Hcn-e, ]e {]mhiyw.
ac-W-n\nv Dbns-gp-t-s-Sp aI ktm-jm16

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

[n-Iy-m A-bpsS ASp-t-m-bn-cnpw km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn

BZyw HmSn-s-pI. Fm ]epw {]Xy--s tbip F
Cu a\p-jy hoSn-\-Spv ]e-\m Ign-p-Iq-n-bnpw A-p-am{Xw
{]Xy-\
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- p-dh
- p ka-bpw
epw am{Xta {]Xy--\m-bpq FXpw kwibw hfp-XmWv.
kphn-ti-j-I-\mb ambn Hcp kw`hw hnh-cn-p-pv. AX\p-k-cnv, ]Xn-s\mv injyam IqSn-bn-cn-p-tm tbip {]Xy-sp. ]e Imcy-fpw Ah-tcmSp kwkm-cnp. ]e \ntZ-i-fpw
Ahp sImSpp. ]t, B injy-m-cn Nnev Ah-tcmSp
kwkm-cn B tbip-XsbmtWm F Imcy-n kwibw
tXmn. IrXy-ambn F{X-t]mWv kwibw tXmn-bs
- Xv ambn
]d-bp-n. Fnepw "Nne' Fp ]d-bp-tm AXv Hn-e-[nIw
Fv hyw. tbip-hns\ Ghpw ASp--dn-bp GXm\pw hynIv kwibw tXmn Fp am-bn-bpsS {]kvXm-h\ Ah-KWn-m-h-X. ASp ]cn-N-b-an-m A\y-cm-sc-nepw kwi-bn-p-Xp-t]m-se-b Acpainjy-mp-tXm-p ktlw. Ah
Bsf kwi-bn-s-n AXv bYmY tbip-hm-bn-cp-n-spw Atl-tmSp cq]-km-Zr-iy-ap thsd-bmtcm Bbn-cp-p-shpw Xs
Icp-tX-n-bn-cn-pp (ambn 28:1620).
C{km-tbm-cpsS {]hm-N-I-\mb tbip C{km-tbmn-Sbn am{Xta {]hn-mhq Fpw A\y-aX
-
- c
- p-sS-bn-Sb
- n t]mIcp-sXpw injy-mv Ii-\-amb \ntZiw sImSp-n-cpp.
Fm Dbns-gp-t tbip Ah-tcmSv Bh-iy-s-Xv \n
temIw apgp-h t]mbn Fm-hs
- cbpw kphn-tijw Adn-bn-pI Fmbn-cpp! Pohn-X-Im-ev ]Tn-n--Xn\pw {]hn--Xn\pw FXn-cmb
asmcp Imcyw ]d-bmthn am{X-ambn tbip kzK-n\npw
Cdnhp-shtm? As-n Pohn-XI
- m-ev Atlw sNbvXXpw
]d--Xp-samw sXm-bn-cpp Fp k-Xn-p-shtm?
]nXm-hn-sbpw ]p{X-sbpw ]cn-ip-m-m-hn-sbpw \ma-n
Fm-h-scbpw ]Tn-n-m tbip \ntZ-inp FmWv ambn hnhcn-p-Xv. tbip Hcn-epw D]-tbm-Kn-n-n-m-Xpw D]-tbm-Kn-m
hgn-bn-m--Xp-amWv B {XnXz-ns {]tbmKw. As\ BIr-Xn17

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

bnepw t_m[-nepw hyXy-kvX-\mb B a\p-jy tbip-h-sv

injy-m-cn ]epw tXmn-sb-n AXv bYmY tbip Ambn-cp-XpsImp-X-s-bm-bn-cp-p-shv kv]jvSw.

{InkvXp ss{IkvXh _w
aX-hn-izm-k-n-em-bmepw BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\--fn-em-bmepw
bYmY-n Cs ss{IkvX-h-tc-m tbip-hp-ambn ASp-ap--h apkvenw-I-fm-sWp ]d-m ]epw ckn-n-s-nepw
kXyw AXmWv.
{InkvXym-\n-Isf {InkvXp-hp-ambn _-s-Sp-p Ghpw ASnm-\-]-c-amb Imcyw Ah At-ls ssZh-ambn IW-m-pp
F-XmWv. Cu ssZh-k-]-am-Is, {InkvXpthm {InkvXp-hns\
krjvSn ssZhtam AwKo-I-cn-n-p--X.
tbip-hns\ ssZh-ambn IW-m-p--h-tcmSv icnpw Atlw
ssZhwXstbm Fv Bsc-nepw Xd-nptNmZn-m AsX-sbv
Dd-np]d-bm-\m-hmsX ]cp-p--Xmbn ImWmw. ssZh-]p-{X Fp
]d-bp--h-tcmSpw AXp icn-X-stbm Fp tNmZn-m Abmfpw
adp-]Sn ]d-bm _pn-appw. a\p-jy-]p-{X, {]hm-N-I Fo Ah-I {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS k]-n-ep tbip-hns \nev
Xosc t]mcm--Xm-sW-nepw tbip kzbw hnti-jn-n-Xv A-s\sbm-s-bmWv.
Cs\ ]e hkvXp-X-Ifpw ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-p-tm {InkvXp
Adn-bm {InkvXp-a-X-sbpw {InkvXp-hns\ Adn-bm {InkvXym\n-I-sf-bp-amWv ImWm Ign-bpI. Fp-sh-m {InkvXym-\n-I
Bcm-[n-p-Xv kmm tbip-hn-s\-b. tbip{InkvXp-hns\ Bcm[n-p aXw kmm tbip m]n--Xp-a.
C-s\-sbmcp aX-ap-m-b-sX-s\ F At\z-jWw sNsp-Xv blq-Z-cnse ^cn-tkbm hn`m-K-ns] kmhq F
Xo{h-hm-Zn-bn-emWv. tbip-hn-s\bpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw \in-n-p-Xn {]Xn-m-_-\pw tbip-hns Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h At-lns {]Jym-]n-X-i-{Xphpw Bbn-cpp kmhq. tbip sIn--Sp
{]m-\-sbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw tXtPm-h[w sN-em-bn-cpp
Abm-fpsS Pohn-X-eyw. kmhq-fns t\Xr-Xz-n blqZ Xo{h18

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

hm-Zn-I Is-dnp sIm o^-\mWv ss{IkvX-h-cpsS {]Y-a- c-kmn. Da aX-hn-izm-kn-bmb o^s\ {Iqc-ambn sIme-sSp-nb tijw ap {]ap-J-scbpw Dq-e\w sNpI F ISp
hntZz-j_
- p-n-tbmsS alm-]p-tcm-ln-Xc
- psS A\p-hm-Z]
- {- Xhpw in]mi-p-ambn Pdq-k-te-an \npw Uam-kvI-kn-tev ]pd-s kmhqfns `mh-\-bn sa\-s-Sp--s--XmWv Xs apn tbip {]Xy-sp F IY. Cu IY ss{IkvXh Ncn-{X-nse Hcp hgn-ncn-hm-bn-op (Atm-kvXe {]hr-n-I 8:13, 9:120).
kmhq-fns IY ss__n-fnse "AtmkvXe {]hr-n-I' F
{K-nepw XpSp kw`-h- ]utem-kns teJ-\--fnepw
tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pp. bm{Xm at[y I-n-n-p Hcp {]Imiw
kmhq-fns apn {]Xy--ambn. s]sv A-\mbno
Abm Ip-Im-WmsX \ne-p-hoWp. B Znhy-tX-Pv tNmZnp:
"kmhq, kmhq, \o Fs D]-{Z-hn-p--sX-n\v?' kmhq
tNmZnp: "Av, BcmWv?' B i_vZw ]dp: "\o ]oUn-n-p
tbip.' i_vZw XpSp: "Fgp-tv ]-W-n-tev t]mhpI. \o
Fp sN-W-sav Ahn-sS-hv \ntmSv \ntZ-in--sSpw.' AX\p-k-cnv Ua-kvI-kn sN kmhq-fns\ At\z-jnv Fnb A\\n-bmkv F {InkvXym\n, kmhq-fns Xe-bn ssIsh--tXmsS
Abm-fpsS In\nv ao sNXp- t]mse Ftm Hv ASpho-gp-Ibpw ImgvN Inn {InkvXym-\n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp FmWv
IY. ]noSv ]utemkv F t]cv kzoI-cnv A\y-Pm-Xn-m-cpsS
CS-bn {]hn-p-Ibpw kzbw AtmkvXe-]-Z-hn-bn IbdnpI-bp-amWv Dm-bXv.
kmhq F ]utemkv ]noSv Imcy-s
- fmw AXn-thKw ISn. tbip-hns bYmY injy-sc-sbmw ]nn aX-kn-m--fnepw BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\--fnepw CjvSm-\p-k-cWw amw-h-cp-nb
]utem-kmWv B[p-\nI {InkvXp-a-X-ns m]-I. tbip
hfn-sb-Sp-m-\m-{K-ln hnizmk kXy- XIs-dnv
{InkvXp F t]cv am{Xw \ne-\nn-smv XnIpw ]pXnb Hcp
aX-am-bn-cpp ]utemkv m]n-Xv.
tbip-hns ]c-a-i-{Xp-hm-bn-cp kmhq {InkvXp-hns t]cnep aX-n Cpw {]ap-J
m\w Ae-c
- n-p-tm {InkvXphpw
19

{InkvXp-a-Xhpw {InkvXp-hns aXhpw

{InkvXym-\n-Ifpw Xn-ep _w shnbpw shn-tmepw Xnep _w-t]m-se-bm-hpI kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wtm.

20