What Is The Jihad

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PnlmZv
kXy-th-ZØ
- ns‚ BXva`- mhw
hmWn-Zmkv Ff-bm-hq-cv
hmKvZm\w sNøp∂p. ""\ap-°p-th≠n PnlmZv sNøp-∂-h¿°v \mw
\ΩpsS am¿K-ßƒ ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp°pw. A√mlp kpIr-Xn-I-tfm-
sSm∏w Xs∂. Xo¿®.'' (A¬-A≥I-_qØv: 69)
Pnlm-Zn-te¿s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ Hu∂-Xyhpw Pohn-
X-hn-P-bhpw hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p. ""kXyw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw
Ah-Xm-cnI \mSpw hoSpw shSn-bp-Ibpw ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ tZl-[-\m-Zn-I-fm¬
PnlmZv! temI-Ønse GsX-¶nepw `mj-bn¬ C{X-tbsd sX‰n-≤- PnlmZv \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cmtcm Ah-cpsS ÿm\-amWv
cn-°-s∏´ GsX-¶nepw ]Z-ap-t≠m-sb∂v kwi-b-amWv. Ckvem-anse A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ al-Øcw. hnPbw hcn-°p-∂-hcpw Ah¿Xs∂.
Pnlm-Zns\ kw_-‘n®v AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ Gsd-t]cpw Xs‚ A\p-{K-lhpw Xr]vXnbpw A\-iz-c -kp-Jm-\p-`q-Xn-I-fp≈
A⁄-cmWv; A\y¿ A]-I-S-I-c-amb A_-≤- [m-c-W-bnepw, FXn- kz¿Ko- b m- c m- a - ß fpw Ah¿°v e`n- ° p- s a∂v Ah- c psS \mY≥
cm-fn-Iƒ Kpcp-X-c-amb hnIe [mc-W-Iƒ hym]-I-ambn hf¿Øp-∂- kphm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p∂p. Ahcm DZym-\-ß-fn¬ \nXy-hm-kn-I-fm-
Xn¬ hym]r-Xcpw. CØ-c-samcp ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Pnlm-Zns\ hkvXp- bn-cn°pw. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ al-Ømb {]Xn-^-e-ap≠v.'
\n-jvT-ambpw kq£va-ambpw hni-I-e\w sNøp∂ hmWn-Zmkv Ff- (AØu_: 20˛22)
bm-hq-cns‚ Cu IrXn-bpsS {]k-‡nbpw {]m[m-\yhpw ]d-™-dn-bn- ]c-a-amb kvt\lw {]]-©-\m-Y-t\mSpw {]hm-N-I-t\m-Sp-sa-∂-
t°-≠-Xn-√m-Ø-hn[w kphn-Zn-X-at{X. t]mse Pnlm-Zn-t\mSpw Bhp-∂-Xp-hsc Bcpw Ip‰-ap-‡-cm-hp-I-
PnlmZv kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS \n¿_‘ _m[y-X-bmWv. AXn¬ bn√. ""]d-bpI: \nß-fpsS ]nXm-°-sfbpw k¥m-\-ß-sfbpw ktlm-
\n∂v amdn-\n-ev°m≥ B¿°pw A\p-hm-Z-an√. \c-I-in-£-bn¬\n∂v Z-c≥am-scbpw `mcy-am-scbpw _‘p-°-sfbpw \nßƒ kºm-Zn-®p-
c£-t\-Sm\pw kz¿K-e-_v[n°pw AX-\n-hm-cy-amWv. A√mlp ]d- ≠m-°nb [\-sØbpw, hnLv\w hcp-tam-sb∂v \nßƒ `b-°p∂
bp∂p: ""hniz-kn-®-htc, thZ-\-tbdnb in£-bn¬\n∂v \nßsf hym]m-c-sØbpw \nß-fpsS {]nb-s∏´ hoSp-I-sf-bp-amWv, A√m-lp-
tamNn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp hym]m-c-sØ-°p-dn®v \nßƒ°p Rm\-dn-bn-®p- hn- s \- ° mfpw Ahs‚ ZqX- s \- ° mfpw Ahs‚ am¿K- Ø nse
X-c-s´tbm? \nßƒ A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ ZqX-\nepw hniz-kn- PnlmZns\°mfpw IqSp-X¬ \nßƒ°v {]nb-¶-c-sa-¶n¬ \nß-fnXm
°pI, \nß-fpsS Poh-[\m-Zn-I-fm¬ ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ PnlmZv \S- ImØn-cp-∂p-sIm-≈pI, A√mlp Xs‚ Iev]\ \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xp-hsc.
ØpI. AXmWv \nßƒ°p-Øaw. \nßƒ Adn-bp-∂-h-sc-¶n¬!'' Ip‰- h m- f n- I - f mb P\sØ A√mlp t\¿h- g n- b n- e m- ° p- I - b n√.''
(A z^v^v: 10,11). (AØu_: 24)
""PnlmZv sNøp-∂-hcpw £a Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-h-cp-am-sW∂v Pnlm-Zn-eqsS acWw hcn-°p-∂-h¿ \nXy-Po-h≥ t\Sp-∂-h-ct{X.
hy‡-am-°-s∏-SmsX kz¿K-{]-thiw km[y-as√''∂v Jp¿-B≥ {]Jym- " A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ h[n-°-s∏-´-h¿ acn-®p-t]m-b-h-cm-sW∂
]n-°p∂p. (Bep Cwdm≥: 142) [mcW Hcn-°epw \nßƒ°p-≠m-h-cpXv. Ah¿ Xm¶-fpsS \mY-
apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ \ntbm-K-e£yw Xs∂ PnlmZv \n¿h- ¶¬ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cmWv. Ah¿°v Blmcw \evI-s∏-´p-sIm-
l-W-at{X. ""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ bYm-hn[n PnlmZv sNøpI. Xs‚ ≠n-cn-°p∂p. A√mlp Ah¿°v \evInb Xs‚ al-Ømb HuZm-cy-
ZuXy-Øn\p th≠n \nßsf \ntbm-Kn-®Xv Ah-\mWv. aX-Øn¬ Øn¬ Ah¿ kwXr-]vX-cmWv.'' (Bep Cwdm≥: 169, 170)
\nßƒs°mcp ¢njvS-Xbpw Ah-\p-≠m-°n-bn-ń√.'' (A¬l÷v: 78)
Pnlm-Zns‚ eIvjyw
PnlmZv \S-Øp-∂-hsc t\¿h-gn°v \bn-°p-sa∂v A√mlp
Xulo-Zns‚ kwÿm-]-\-amWv Pnlm-Zns‚ e£yw. XulotZm, A{I-a-]-chpw A\ym-bhpw hnI-e-hp-amb kmaq-lnI LS\ s]mfn-
Ckvem-anI Pohn-X-Øns‚ t{kmX pw. BZ¿i-]-c-amb ASn-Ød. ®p-am‰n ssZhnI \oXn-bp-sSbpw kXy˛[¿am-Zn-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-
hnØn¬\n∂v hr£- s a- ∂ - t ]mse Xulo- Z n¬\n∂v Ckvem- a nI \-Øn-eXv ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°p∂p. A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒ°pw A\m-Nm-
PohnXw Dcphw sIm≈p∂p. hnØns‚ hnti-jX hr£-Øns‚ c-ßƒ°p-sa-∂-t]mse A{I-a-ßƒ°pw A\o-Xn-Iƒ°pw AdpXnhcp-
Ah-km-\sØ Awi-Ønepw {]I-S-am-hp-∂-Xp-t]mse Xulo-Zn-e-[n- Øp∂p. I≈hpw sIm≈bpw NXnbpw Nqj-Whpw X√pw- sIm√pw
jvTn-X-amb Pohn-X-Øns‚ AJne taJ-e-I-fnepw AXns‚ {]tXy- C√m-Xm-°p∂p. kzÿhpw kam-[m-\-\n-c-X-hp-amb kaq-lsØ
I-X-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn°pw. AXn-\m-emWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ XuloZv krjvSn- ° p∂p. `{Z- a mb cmjv{Sw \n¿an- ° p∂p. \_n- X n- c p- t a\n
hnfw-_cw sNøp∂ hninjvS hN-\sØ DØ-a- hr-£-tØm-Sp-]-an- C°mcyw kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p≠v.
®Xv. ""A√mlp ]cn-ip≤ hN-\sØ F¥n-t\m-Sm-Wp-]-an-®-sX∂v J∫m- _ n¬\n∂v \nth- Z \w: ""\_nXncp- t a\n hnip≤
\o ImWp- ∂ nt√? AXns‚ DZm- l - c Ww C∆n- [ - a m- I p∂p: Hcp IAv_xbpsS XW-en¬ ]pX∏v Xe-b-W-bm°n ibn-°p-I-bm-bn-
hninjvS hr£w. AXns‚ thcp-Iƒ `qan-bn¬ Bg-Øn¬ B≠n-d- cp∂p. At∏mƒ Rßƒ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ASp-Øp-sN∂v Bh-em-
ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. imJ-Itfm A¥-co-£-Øns‚ hnim-e-X-bnepw. F√m- Xn-s∏´p. Rßƒ°p th≠n Xm¶ƒ klm-b-a¿Yn-°p-∂nt√? CXp-
Im-eØpw AXv Xs‚ \mYs‚ A\p-im-k-\-bm¬ êw \evIn- tI´v Ahn-S∂v AcpƒsNbvXp: \nßƒ°v apºv a\p-jysc henb
s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p. A√mlp Cu DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ \evIp-∂Xv P\w Ipgn Ipgn®v AXn¬ sIm≠p-h∂v \n¿Øn-bn-cp∂p; F∂n´v Cu¿®-
AXn¬\n∂v ]mT-apƒs°m-≈m-\mWv.' (C_vdmlow: 24, 25). hmƒ Xe- b n¬ sh®v Iodn c≠mbn ]Ip- Ø n- c p∂p! Ah- c psS
hr£-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ `qan-bpsS Bg-ßfn-te-s°-∂-t]mse amwkhpw F√p-Ifpw Ccp-ºp-sIm-≠p≈ No¿∏v D]-tbm-Kn®v NoIn
hnip≤ hN\w a\p-jy-a-\- ns‚ AKm[ Xe-ß-fn¬ ]q≠p-]n-Sn- th¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂p! F¶nepw AsXm∂pw Ahsc Xß-fpsS
°p∂p. ac-Øns‚ êw Nn√-I-fn-se-∂-t]mse Xulo-Zns‚ kZv^- Zo\n¬\n-∂-I-‰n-bn√. A√m-lp-hmW, Cu Imcyw A√mlp ]q¿Øo-
e-ßƒ Pohn-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw {]I-S-am-hp∂p. I-cn-°pIXs∂ sNøpw˛ k≥-B-bn¬\n∂v lf-d-auXv hsc, A√m-
Ckvem-ans‚ tI{µ-_nµp˛\yq¢n-bkv˛F∂ \ne-bn¬ Xulo-Zn\p lp-hn-s\bpw BSns\ th´-bm-Sp∂ sN∂m-bsb-bp-a-√msX as‰m-
Np‰p-amWv PohnXw Id-tß-≠Xv. Bcm-[\m cwK-sa∂ t]mse ∂n-s\bpw `b-°msX Hcp bm{Xm-kw-L-Øn\v k©-cn-°m≥ km[n-
kmaq- l nI˛kmº- Ø nI˛kmwkvIm- c nI˛cmjv{Sob˛`cW taJ- e - °p-thmfw! ]t£, \nßƒ [rXn-Im-Wn-°p-I-bmWv.' (_pJmcn)
Isf√mw Xulo-Zn-e-[n-jvTn-Xhpw AXn¬\n∂v cq]w sIm≠-Xp-am- CXns‚ A¿Yw hfsc hy‡w. \nßƒ Cu a¿Z\w kln-t°-
bn-cn-°Ww. ≠- X p≠v. ]co- £ - W - ß - f - \ p- ` - h n- ° pIXs∂ thWw, Hcp- t hf,
XuloZv ac-W-tijw kz¿Khpw `qan-bn¬ ]pXn-sbmcp temIhpw CXn¬Iq-Sp-Xepw. ImcWw, e£yw kap-∂-X-amWv. Hcp \h-tem-I-
hmKvZm\w sNøp∂p. "em Ceml C√-√mlp' F∂p {]Jym-]n®v Øns‚ \n¿an-Xn-bm-WXv. ]cm-{I-a-ßƒ°v AdpXn hcp-Øm≥ ]oUm-
AXn\v A\p-kr-X-ambn Pohn-°p-∂-h≥ kz¿Km-h-Im-in-bm-hp-sa∂v \p-`-h-ßƒ A\n-hm-cy-at{X.
kphm¿Ø Adn-bn® {]hm-N-I≥ Cß-s\bpw AcpƒsNbvXn-cn- hnip-≤ -hmIyw a¿Z-\-ßƒ°v hncm-a-an-Sp∂p. a¿Zn-Xsc tamNn-
°p∂p: ""\nßƒ "em Ceml C√-√mlp' F∂p ]d-bpI; Ad-_n- ∏n-°p∂p. a\p-jym-Sn-aØ-Øn¬\n∂v a\p-jysc kzX-{¥-cm-°p∂p.
Ifpw A\-d-_n-Ifpw \nßƒ°v A[o-\-s∏Spw.'' Ckvem-anI kaq-l-Øns‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn t]¿jy≥ tk\m-\m-b-
hnip≤ hN\w ]pXn-sbmcp temIw ]Wn-bp∂p. AXv a\p- I-\mb dpkvX-ans\ kµ¿in® cn_v-C-øp_v\p Ban-dn-t\mSv At±-
jys\ F√m-hn[ ASn-a-Ø-ß-fn¬\n∂pw tamNn-∏n-°p∂p. Aev]- l- Ø ns‚ BK- a - t \m- t ±iyw Bcm- ™ - t ∏mƒ \evInb adp- ] Sn
⁄-cmb a\p-jy-cpsS A]-Iz-amb tkzO-bn¬ ]Wn-Xp-b¿Ø-s∏´ C°mcyw Ak-µn-Kv[-ambn hy‡-am-°p∂p. At±lw ]d™p: ""A√m-
lp-hmWv Rßsf \ntbm-Kn-®Xv. e£yw A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂- ∏-In´v Ahsc A‘-cm-°p∂p. ]c-]oU-bn-eqsS \n¿hr-Xn-t\-Sp∂
hsc a\p-jy-cpsS ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬\n∂v Ahs‚ am{Xw ASn-a-Ø- ]nim-Np-°ƒ cwKw ssIb-S-°p∂p. Ah¿ shfn-®-Øns‚ hml-I¿°v
Øn-te°pw, sFlnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ IpSp- n¬\n∂v Cl˛]ctemI- hne-°p-I-tf¿s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. sX‰p-Iƒ°p-t\sc \ofp∂ hnc-ep-Iƒ
ß-fpsS hnim-e-X-bn-te°pw \ne-hn-ep≈ hyh-ÿn-Xn-I-fpsS A\o- shń-am-‰p∂p. Aßs\ a\p-tjyO temIw hmgp∂p. ssZh-lnXw
Xn-bn¬\n∂v Ckvem-ans‚ \oXn-bn-te°pw \bn-°-emWv. Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. P\-tIm-Sn-Iƒ a\p-jym-Sn-a-Ø-Øn¬ Ign-tb-
AXn-\m¬ XuloZv F√m hymP-ssZ-h-ßƒ°p-sa-Xn-cn-ep≈ kac ≠n-h-cp∂p. Cu Ahÿ Ah-km-\n-∏n®v hy‡n-bp-sSbpw IpSpw-
{]Jym-]-\-amWv. ssZh-Øns‚ A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ßƒ A\ym-b-ambn _- Ø n- s ‚bpw kaq- l - Ø n- s ‚bpw cmjv{S- Ø n- s ‚bpw temI- Ø n-
ssIb-S-°n-sh® AXn-{I-a-Im-cn-Iƒs°-Xnsc s]mcp-Xm-\p≈ Blzm- s‚bpw Ckvem-ao-I-c-W-Øn-\p≈ Xo{h-{i-a-amWv PnlmZv. as‰mcp
\hpw AXpƒs°m- ≈ p∂p. AXp- s Im- ≠ p- X s∂ ]c- a m- [ n- I mcw `mj-bn¬ a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS hnizmkw, PohnX ho£Ww, hnImc
Na™v ]cn-[n-hn´v {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-sc√mw hnip≤ hmIy-Øn-s‚bpw hnNm-c-ßƒ, Bcm-[-\m-\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ, BNm-c-ßƒ, kz`m-h-co-Xn-
AXns‚ h‡m-°-fp-sSbpw hntcm-[n-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp∂p. Ah¿ AXn- Iƒ, s]cp-am‰ k{º-Zm-b-ßƒ, kmaq-lnI-{I-a-ßƒ, kmº-ØnI
s\-Xnsc cwK-Øp-h-cn-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ønb kao-]-\-ßƒ, kmwkvIm-cnI acym-Z-Iƒ, cmjv{Sob Imcy-ßƒ, `c-
{]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS apJy-{]-Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒ Bcm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]cn- W-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ, IpSpw-_-L-S-\-Iƒ F√mw Xo¿Øpw ssZh-ln-X-Øn-
tim-[n-®m¬ C°mcyw kpXcmw hy‡-amIpw. \-\p-kr-X-am°n am‰m\pw \ne-\n¿Øm-\p-ap≈ A[zm\ ]cn-{i-a-amWv
A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xta a\p-jys‚ ta¬ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-ap-≈q-sh∂ PnlmZv!
{]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS {]Jym-]\w AwKo-I-cn-°m≥, tZtl-—-bv°-Sn-s∏´v
Pnlm-Zns‚ am¿Kw
Xmt¥m-∂n-Ifpw kpJ-tem-ep-]-cp-ambn Ign-™p-Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂-h¿°v
Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n√. A√mlp Adn-bn-°p∂p: ""\mw GsX-¶nepw Hcp kml-N-cy-amWv Pnlm-Zns‚ coXn \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv. D]-cyp‡
\mń¬ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Im-cs\ \ntbm-Kn-®n´v Ahn-SsØ kpJ- e£y-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn\v Hmtcm ImeØpw tZiØpw ]cn-Xx-ÿn-
tem-ep-]-cmb Bfp-Iƒ Cßs\ ]d-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv Hcn-°-ep- Xn-bnepw G‰hpw A\p-tbm-P yhpw A\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw ê-{]-Z-hp-amb
ap-≠m-bn-ń√: "\nßƒ sIm≠p-h∂ ktµ-isØ Rßƒ \ntj-[n- coXn-bmWv kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xv. taml-ßsf sacp-°n-sb-SpØpw CO-
°p∂p.' Ah¿ kZm CXp- X s∂ tLmjn- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂p: Isf \nb-{¥n®pw B{K-l-ß-fpsS ta¬ ta[m-hnXzw ]pe¿Ønbpw
"Rßƒ \nß-sf-°mƒ kºØpw k¥m-\-ß-fp-ap-≈-h-cm-Ip∂p. kz¥w Pohn-XsØ ssZh-\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ°-\p-cq-]-am-°n -am-‰m≥ \S-
Rßƒ H´pw in£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-c√.'' (k_-Av: 34, 35) Øp∂ {iaw-t]mepw Pnlm-ZmWv. bp≤-cw-K-Øp-\n∂v aS-ßth Hcn-
a\p-jy-a-\- p-Isf AS-°n-`-cn-°p-∂Xv A‘-hn-izm-k-ßfpw °¬ {]hm-N-I≥ ]d™p: ""\mw G‰hpw sNdnb Pnlm-Zn¬\n∂v
A\m-Nm-c-ß-fp-amWv. Bcm-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-bn-e-[n-Ihpw AtN-X\ G‰hpw henb Pnlm-Zn-tebv°v Xncn-®p-h-∂n-cn-°p∂p.'' {]hm-N-I-in-
hkvXp-°-fmWv. {]Xn-a-Ifpw {]Xn-jvT-Ifpw ]pWy-]p-cp-j≥am-cp-amWv jy≥am¿ tNmZn®p: ""GXmWv G‰hpw henb B PnlmZv?'' Ahn-
Gsdbpw ]qPn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. hymP ssZh-ß-fpsS hnf-bm-´-amWv S∂v Acpƒ sNbvXp: ""a\- n-t\m-Sp≈ ka-chpw kz¥-tØm-Sp≈
Fhn-sSbpw. A{I-ahpw A\o-Xn-bp-amWv B[n-]Xyw \S-Øp-∂Xv. Pnlm-Zp-am-WXv.''
A[¿ahpw Acm-P-I-Xzhpw Ac-ßp-X-I¿°p∂p. Ien-bn-fIn sIme- IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Ckvem-ao-I-c-W-Øn-\mbn \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ hnZym-
hnfn \S-Øp-∂-h¿ cwKw ssIb-S-°p∂p. apjvIpw apjvSnbpw ta[m- `ymkw, kwkvI-cWw, kZp-]-tZiw, in£Ww XpS-ßn-b-h-sb√mw
hnXzw ]pe¿Øp∂p. AXyp-®-Øn¬ apg-ßn-t°ƒ°p∂ Ak-Xy- Pnlm-Zn-epƒs∏-Sp∂p. kXy-kw-ÿm-]-\-Øn\pw \∑-bpsS {]Nm-c-
Øns‚ Ae¿® A[n-I-t]-scbpw Aº-c-∏n-°p∂p. AXns‚ \nd- W-Øn\pw [¿a-Øns‚ D∂-Xn-°p-am-bp≈ FgpØpw {]kw-Khpw
kw`m-j-Whpw N¿®bpw hnZym-`ym-k-{]-Nm-c-W-hp-sa√mw B KW- W-a-S-bp-Itbm sNøp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n-
Øn¬ s]Sp∂p. kap- Z m- b - Ø ns‚ A`yp- ∂ Xn e£yw sh®p≈ ∂p≈ am∏pw Imcp-Wy-hp-amWv bp≤-Øn¬\n∂v amdn-\n-ev°p-∂-
imkv{X˛ kmt¶-XnI˛ kmº-ØnI˛ kmwkvIm-cnI˛ Iem˛ kmlnXy h¿ tiJ-cn-®p-sh-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ sa®-s∏-´Xv. \nßƒ ac-W-s∏-
taJ-e-I-fnse {ia-ßfpw Pnlm-Zp-X-s∂! F∂m¬ e£yw ssZhnI Ss´ h[n-°-s∏-Ss´, A√m-lp-hn-¶-te-°mWv \nßƒ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´-
hN-\-Øns‚, AYhm Xulo-Zns‚ Db¿®-bm-bn-cn-°Ww. \_nXncp- s∏-SpI, Xo¿®.'' (Bep-Cw-dm≥: 157, 158)
ta\n AcpƒsNøp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hns‚ hN\w D∂-X-am-bn-Øo-cm≥ ""]c-tem-I-Øn-\p -]-Icw sFln-I-Po-hn-XsØ hn‰-h¿ A√m-lp-
kacw sNøp- ∂ - h ≥ am{X- a mWv ssZh- a m¿K- Ø nse t]mcmfn.'' hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ bp≤w sNtø-≠-Xm-Ip∂p. B¿ A√m-lp-hns‚
(_pJmcn, apkvenw) am¿K- Ø n¬ bp≤w sNøp- I bpw Aßs\ h[n- ° - s ∏- S p- I tbm
AXn-\m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ hyh-ÿ-bpsS kwÿm-]-\-Øn∂pw hnPbw hcn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂pthm Ah∂v \mw AXn-a-l-Ømb
\ne-\n-ev]n-∂p-ambn \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ kI-e -{i-a-ßfpw ssZh-am¿K- {]Xn-êw \evIp-∂-XmWv.'' (A∂n-km-Av: 74)
Ønse Pnlm-ZmWv. ssZth-Xc hyh-ÿ-I-fpsS kwÿm-]-\hpw \ne- ""bp≤-km-a-{Kn-I-fpsS `mc-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sntbm AXn-√m-sXtbm
\nev]pw Dt±-in®pw e£yw sh®pw \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂h ]nim-Nns‚ ]mX- Fß-s\-bm-bmepw bp≤-k-∂-≤-cmbn ]pd-s∏-SpI. \nß-fpsS tZl-
bnse t]mcm-´hpw. A√mlp Adn-bn-°p∂p: ""kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI- [-\m-Zn-IƒsIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøpI.
cn-®-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøp∂p. kXy-\n-tj- AXmWv \nßƒ°p-Øaw. \nßƒ Adn-bp-∂p-sh-¶n¬.'' (AØu_:
[-Øns‚ am¿K-a-h-ew-_n-®-h¿ XmKq-Øns‚ am¿KØnepw kacw 41)
sNøp∂p. AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ ]nim-Nns‚ Iq´m-fn-I-tfmSv kacw ""bp≤- Ø n¬\n∂v ]n∑mdn\n∂- h ¿ ssZh- Z q- X s\ A\p- K - a n-
sNøp-hn≥. ]nim-Nns‚ X{¥w Xo¿Øpw Zp¿_ewXs∂; Xo¿®.'' °msX hoń-en-cp-∂-Xn¬ k¥p-jvS-cm-bn-cn-°p∂p. ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬
(A∂n-km-Av: 76) tZlw-sIm≠pw [\w-sIm≠pw kacw sNøp-∂Xv Ah¿°v Ak-
AXn-\m¬, PnlmZv ka-{K-amb Hcp ]Z-amWv. F√m Xc-Øn- ly-ambn. Ah¿ P\-tØmSv ]d™p: ""Cu sImSpw NqSn¬ ]pd-s∏-
ep≈ {ia-ßfpw A[zm-\-ßfpw AXn-epƒs∏-Sp∂p. _p≤n-]-c-ambpw S-cpXv.' C°q-´-tcmSv ]d-bpI: "\c-Im·n AXns\-°mƒ NqtS-dn-b-
Nn¥m-]-c-am-bp-ap≈ hnπ-h-ß-fp-≠m-°m\pw P\-ß-fpsS hnIm-c-ßfpw Xm- I p∂p.' IjvSw! Ah¿°v B t_m[w D≠m- b n- c p- s ∂- ¶ n¬!''
Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw kwkvI-cn-°m\pw Ah-cpsS ho£-W-ßƒ Xulo- (AØu_: 81)
Zn-\-\p-kr-X-am-°m\pw \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ hmNn-Ihpw enJn-X-hp-amb
kmbp[ PnlmZv Ft∏mƒ?
kwcw-`-ßƒ sXm´v kXy-Øns‚ i{Xp-°-tfm-Sp≈ kmbp-[- k-acw
hsc AXv hym]n®p InS-°p∂p. hy‡n, Xs‚ A`n-am-\hpw Poh\pw D]-cyp‡ Jp¿-B≥ hm-Iy-ßfpw \nc-h[n {]hm-NI hN-\-ßfpw
kzØpw kwc-£n-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂Xpw Pnlm-Zp-Xs∂. B am¿K- hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse A\n-hmcy kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ kmbp-[ -Pn-
Øn¬ acWw hcn-°p-∂Xv ssZh-am¿K-Ønse c‡-km-£n-Xz-am- lmZv AXn-a-l-Ømb Imcy-at{X. A√m-lp-hn\v Gsd {]nb-s∏´
sW∂v {]hm-N-I≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p. hnin-jvS-I¿ahpw. F∂m¬ AXn\v hnhn-[ -L-´-ß-fp≠v:
kmbp- [ - k - a cw A\n- h m- c y- a m- h p- I bpw hyh- ÿ m- ] n- X - a mb 1. \njn-≤a- mb kµ¿`w: Aap-kve
- nw-Iƒ°n-Sb
- n¬ Pohn-°p∂ Ckv-
t\XrXzw AXm-h-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ L´-ß-fn¬ AXn¬ ]¶p- em-anI kaq-l-Øns‚ {]Yahpw {][m-\-hp-amb _m[yX Ckv-em-
tN-tc-≠Xv AXn-\p -I-gn-hp≈ Hmtcm apkv-en-an-s‚bpw _m[y-Xbpw, anI {]t_m-[-\-amWv. AXv \n¿h-ln-°¬ \n¿_-‘-amWv. {]t_m-
AXn¬\n∂v amdn\nev°p-∂Xv sImSnb ]m]-hp-amWv. A√mlp ]d- [-\ -L-´-Øn¬ {]t_m-[n-X-tcmSv kmbp-[ -Pn-lmZv \njn-≤-hp-amWv.
bp∂p: ""\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ h[n-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm ac- kXy-{]-t_m-[-\-sa-ØmØ P\-X-tbmSv kmbp-[ -Pn-lmZv \S-Øm≥
]mSn√. C°m-cy-Øn¬ Ckv-em-anI kaq-l-Øn\v GIm-`n-{]m-b-ap- a\p-jys‚ bP-a-m-\-Xz-sa∂ AXn-{I-a-a-h-km-\n-∏n-°¬ Ckv-em-ans‚
s≠∂v Camw C_v\p-dpivZv Xs‚ "_nZm-b-Xp¬ apPvX-ln-Zn h apJy -Zu-Xy-at{X. aZo-\m-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-L-´-Øn¬ \_n-
\nlm-b-Øp¬ aJvkznZn'¬ Ak-µn-Kv[-ambn hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. Xn-cp-ta-\nbpw XpS¿∂v k®-cn-X-cmb Jeo-^-amcpw \bn® bp≤-
(`mKw 1, ]pdw 372) ßƒ Cu KW-Øn¬s]-Sp∂p. CXn-\p≈ hnip-≤ -Jp¿-Bs‚ Blzm-
AXn-\m-emWv \_nXncp-ta\n a°-bn¬ \o≠ 13 h¿jw ITn-\- \-an-ßs\ hmbn°mw: ""Ipg-∏hpw \mihpw Ah-ti-jn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-
amb ]oU-\-ß-f-\p-`-hn-®n´pw {]Xn-tcm-[tam {]Xn-Im-ctam C√msX Ibpw hnt[-bXzw Xo¿Øpw A√m-lp-hn-∂m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-
kmbp-[- Pn-lm-Zn¬\n∂v ]q¿W-ambpw hn´p-\n-∂Xv. {]t_m-[\ ∂-Xp-hsc kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-tfmSv bp≤w sNøpI.'' (A¬A≥^m¬:
ZuXyw t\cn-b- tXm-Xn¬ t]mepw ]q¿Øn-bm-hm-Ø-Xn-\mepw Xpey - 39)
]u-cm-h-Im-i-ap≈ _lp-a-X- k-aq-l-am-b-Xn-\mepw C¥y≥ kml-N- F∂m¬ BZ¿iw Bcp-sS-taepw ASn-t®-ev]n-°m≥ Ckvemw
cy-Øn¬ kmbp-[ -Pn-lmZv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-s√-∂Xv Ahn-X¿°nX-at{X. A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n√: ""Zo≥Imcy-Øn¬ Hcp hn[ _e-{]-tbm-K-hp-an√.
2. A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amb kµ¿`w: ÿm]nX Ckv-em-anI cmjv{S- k∑m¿Khpw Zp¿am¿Khpw hy‡-ambn th¿]n-cn-™n-cn-°p∂p. AXn-
Øn∂v, AXns\ \in-∏n-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂-h¿°pw AXns‚ ]uc- \m¬ B¿ XmKq-Øns\ \ntj-[n®v A√m-lphn¬ hniz-kn-°p-
∑msc t{Zmln-°p-∂-h¿°p-sa-Xnsc km[y-sa-¶n¬ kmbp-[ -Pn-lmZv ∂pthm Ah≥ _en-jvT-amb Ah-ew-_-]m-i-Øn¬ ]nSn-®n-cn-°p∂p.
A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amWv. CXv {]Xn-tcm-[-]-c-amb bp≤-amWv. aZo\m Pohn- AsXm-cn-°epw A‰p-t]m-hp-I-bn√.'' (A¬_-Jd: 256)
X-Øns‚ BZy-L-´-Øn¬ {]hm-N-I\pw A\p-N-c-∑mcpw \S-Ønb Pnlm-Zns‚ Cu aq∂p L´-ßsf Camw C_v\p¬ Jønw Xs‚
t]mcm´w Cu kz`m-h-Øn-ep-≈-Xt{X. CXv A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm≠v hnJym-X -{K-Ÿ-amb "kmZp¬ aB-Zn'¬ Pnlm-Zns\ kw_-‘n®v ]cm-
A√mlp Adn-bn-°p∂p. ""B¿s°-Xnsc bp≤w \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂pthm a¿in-°sh hni-Z-ambn hnh-cn-®n-´p≠v.
Ah¿°v bp≤-Øn\v A\p-aXn \evI-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p. ImcWw, Ah¿ ChnsS Hcp Imcyw {]tXyIw {it≤-b-amWv. `c-W-Iq-S-amWv
a¿Zn-X-cm-Ip∂p. A√mlp Ahsc klm-bn-°m≥ XnI®pw Ign-hp- bp≤w {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw AXv \S-Øp-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xv. _Zvdpw
‰-h≥Xs∂.'' (A¬l÷v: 39) DlpZpw lpss\\pw Alvkm-_p-apƒs∏sS \_n-bpsS ImeØpw
""\nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNøp-∂-h-tcmSv A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ XpS¿∂pw \S∂ apgp-h≥ Ckv-em-anI bp≤-ßfpw Cu KW-Øn¬s∏-
\nßƒ bp≤w sNøpI. F∂m¬ AXn-{Iaw {]h¿Øn-°-cpXv. AXn- ´-h-bmWv. hyXy-kvX-amb kmbp[ PnlmZv apkvenw \mSp-I-fn¬
{I-a-Im-cn-Isf A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn√.'' (A¬_Jd: 190) A\n-kv-em-anI hyhÿ ASn-t®ev]n-°p∂ A{I-an-I-fmb `c-Wm-[n-
_lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I¿ GXp-hn[w H‰-s°-´mbn \nß-tfmSv bp≤w Im-cn-Iƒs°-Xnsc Ckv-em-an-I-hy-h-ÿ-bpsS kwÿm-]-\-Øn-∂m-
sNøp-∂pthm AtX hn[w H‰-s°-´mbn \n∂v \nßƒ Ah-tcmSpw bp≈ P\-Iob t]mcm-´-ßfpw {]Xn-tcm-[-ß-fp-at{X. {]hm-N-Is‚
bp≤w sNøpI. Adn-bpI: A√mlp `‡-∑m-cpsS IqsS-Ø-s∂- {]nb]u{X≥ l{kØv lpssk\pw {]ap-J -kz-lm_n A_vZp-√m-
bmWv; Xo¿®.'' (AØu_: 36) ln-_v\p- p-ss_-dp-sa√mw \S-Ønb ]S-tbm-´-ßƒ CXn-\p-Zm-l-c-
3. bp≤w \n¿_-‘-amIp∂ kµ¿`w: Ckv-em-anI cmjv{Sw kpi- W-amWv. apkvenw \mSp-I-fnse sshtZ-in-Im-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s∂-Xnsc
‡hpw `{Z-hp-am-hp-tºmƒ, a\p-jy-cpsS ta¬ ]c-am-[n-Imcw \S- \S-Øp∂ kmbp-[ -Pn-lmZpw C∆n[w Xs∂-bmWv hne-bn-cp-Ø-
Øp∂ AXn-{I-a-Im-cn-I-fpsS B[n-]-Xy-Øn-∂-Sn-a-s∏´ P\-X-bpsS s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
hntam-N-\-Øn-\p-th≠n a¿Z-I-tcmSpw AXn-{I-a-Im-cn-I-tfmSpw \S-
{it≤-ba
- mb ]T-\ß
- ƒ
Øp∂ ka-c-am-WnXv. hnizmk kzmX-{¥yhpw BZ¿i-{]-Nm-cWm-
\p-hm-Zhpw \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hnti-jn®pw. a\p-jys‚ taep≈ {]hm-N-Is\ AXn-cq-£-ambn Bt£-]n-°p-Ibpw ISpØ `mj-
]cn-jvI¿Øm-°fpw \thm-∞m-\- \m-b-I-cp-amWv iloZv lk-\p¬
bn¬ ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ "d¶o-em-d-kq¬' F∂ £p{Z-Ir-Xn- _-∂mbpw iloZv kønZv JpXp_pw. kønZv auZqZn {_nójv B[n-
bpsS bYm¿Y -I¿Øm-hmbn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ {i≤m-\-µ-kzman 1926˛¬ ]-Xy-Øn≥ Iogn-em-bn-cp∂ Akz-X{¥ C¥y≥ kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv
h[n-°-s∏´p. A_vZp¬ djoZv F∂ apkvenw sNdp-∏-°m-c-\m-bn- Pnlm-Zns\ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv Fgp-Xn-b-sX-¶n¬ iloZv lk-\p¬
cp∂p LmX- I ≥. {i≤m- \ - µ - k zman lnµp- a - l m- k - ` - b p- s Sbpw _∂m, ^mdqJv cmPm-hns‚ GIm-[n-]Xy˛tkzOm-[n-]Xy˛a¿ZI˛òI-
ip≤n{]ÿm-\-Øn-s‚bpw t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ h[w c`c-W-Øn-∂-Sn-s∏´ Hcp apkvenw cmPy-amb CuPn-]vXn¬ sh®mWv
lnµp-k-aq-lsØ H∂msI {]tIm-]n-∏n®p. tIm¨{K- nse lnµp- Xs‚ ]T\w ]pd-Øp-hn-´Xv. kønZv JpXp_v, Pam¬ A_vZp-∂m-
t\-Xm-°≥am¿t]mepw Ckv-em-an-s\bpw apkv-enw-I-sfbpw A[n-t£- kn-dns‚ {Iqc-hm-gvN-bpsS ]›m-ØeØnepw.
]n-°m≥ XpSßn. Ckv-em-anse PnlmZv BWv G‰-hp-a-[nIw hna¿i- aZo-\-bn¬ Ah-Xo¿W-amb, Ckv-em-an-I-cm-jv{S-Øn∂v \evInb
\-hn-t[-b-am-bXv. Km‘n-Pn- t]mepw A∂v ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: ""Ckv- bp≤-kw-_-‘-amb \n¿tZ-i-ßsf XnI®pw `n∂-amb kml-N-cy-
em-anse hn[n\n¿Wm-b-I-amb LSIw hmfmWv. apºpw C∂pw AX- Øn¬ A]-Iz-a-Xn-I-fmb Bfp-Iƒ hnth-I-iq-\y-ambpw hnth-N-\-c-
ß-s\-Øs∂.'' ln-X-ambpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-t]mse Cu aq∂v al¬hy‡nIfpsS
hna¿i-\-ß-fpsS apºn¬ kap-Zm-b-t\-Xr-Xzhpw aX-]-fin-X- _rlØmb cN\Ifnse Nne hmN-I-ßƒ A\-h-k-c-Øn¬ A\ym-
∑mcpw ]I-®p-\n-ev°p-∂-Xp-I≠v Akz-ÿ-\mb auem\m apl-Ω- bhpw A\-\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw Akw-K-X-hp-amb kmbp-[- Pn-lm-Zn∂v
Zen U¬ln Ppam-a-kvPn-Zn¬ sh®v ]Xn-\m-bn-c-ßsf A`n-ap-Jo-I- D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. CXns‚ t]cn¬ Cu al-¬hy-‡n-I-sfbpw
cn®v {]kw-Kn®p. AXn¬ At±lw ]d™p: ""lnµp-°-fpsS Btcm- Ah-cpsS IrXn-I-sfbpw Nne aX\ho-I-c-W-hm-Zn-Iƒ hna¿in-°m-
]-W-ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn-bmbn GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ssZh-Zm-k≥ Ckv-em- dp≠v. bp≤-kw-_-‘-amb hmIy-ß-fpsS t]cn¬ hnip-≤ -Jp¿-Bs\
ans‚ bYm¿Y PnlmZv ho£Ww P\-ß-fpsS apºn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n- h¿Kob ^mjn-Ãp-Ifpw ùXn-I-hm-Zn-Ifpw hna¿in-°p-∂-Xp -t]m-
®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬!'' se-Ø-s∂-bm-WnXv.
auem\m apl-Ω-Z-en-bpsS Cu hm°p-Iƒ sNdp-∏-°m-c\pw ]{X- A]-I¿j-t_m-[-Øn\pw £am-]W ssien°pw Adp-Xn-h-cpØn,
{]-h¿Ø-I\pw ]fin-X-\p-amb auem\m kønZv A_p¬-A-Avem hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ Bflm-`n-am-\hpw BZ¿i-t_m-[hpw Pnlm-Zo -hn-Im-
auZq- Z nsb AKm- [ - a mbn kzm[o- \ n®p. At±lw Ad_n, D¿Zp, chpw hf¿Øm-\p-X-Ip∂ D÷z-e-amb cN-\-I-fmWv Ah. Jp¿-B≥
Cw•ojv `mj-I-fn¬ hnj-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v e`y-amb {KŸ-ß- hN-\-ß-sfsb-∂-t]mse kµ¿`hpw kml-N-cyhpw ]cn-K-Wn-°msX
sf√mw tiJ-cn®v ]T\w \SØn. aq∂v h¿jsØ \nc-¥-c-amb Kth- Ah-bnse hmN-I-ß-sfbpw hnth-N-\-cln-X-ambn hmbn-°p-∂Xv A]-
j-W-]-T-\-Øn-\p-tijw "A¬Pn-lmZp ^n¬ Ckvemw' F∂ {it≤- ISw hcp-ØpI kzm`m-hn-I-at{X. CXn\v H‰-s∏´ DZm-l-c-W-ß-sf-
b-amb {KŸw Xøm-dm°n. 1928˛¬ auem\m kønZv kpsse-am≥ ¶nepw ka-Im-enI kaq-l-Øn-ep-s≠-∂-Xns‚ kqN-\-Iƒ Zriy-amWv.
\Zvhn CXv {]kn-≤o-I-cn®p. Ckv-em-anse Pnlm-Zns\ kw_-‘n®v hmb-\-°m-cpsS ssII-fn-en-cn-°p∂, A\pKr-loX Fgp-Øp-Im-
temIØv F°m-eØpw GXp `mj-bnepw Fgp-X-s∏´ F√m {KŸ- c-\mb {io. hmWn-Zmkv Ff-bm-hq-cns‚ sNdp-sX-¶nepw D÷z-ehpw
ß-fnepw sht®-‰hpw anI-®Xv CXm-sW∂v C∂v ]cs° AwKo-I- ]T-\m¿l-hp-amb Cu {KŸw Ckv-em-anse Pnlm-Zns\ IWn-ihpw
cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂ temI-Ønse {]apJ `mj- hy‡hpw kq£va-hp-amb hm°p-I-fn¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. ]c-
I-fn-sems° CXv hnh¿Ø\w sNø-s∏-ń-´p≠v. º-cm-K-X -ap-kvenw [nj-W-°p-t]mepw A{]m]yhpw A]-cn-Nn-X-hp-
Ckv-em-anse Pnlm-Zns\ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv {KŸ-c-N\ \S- amb kq£va-k-Xy-ßƒ CXn¬ A\m-hr-X-am-hp∂p. XnI™ Ah-
Ønb B[p-\n-I-tem-IsØ a‰p c≠p {]ap-J-cmb ]fin-X-∑mcpw [m-\-X-tbmsS hnj-bsØ kao-]n®v, Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn®v, BI¿j-I-
amb `mj-bnepw ssien-bnepw cNn® al-Ø-m-sbmcp {KŸ-am-WnXv.
hkvXp-ÿn-Xn-I-fpsS A]-{K-Y-\-Øn¬ {KŸ-Im-c≥ ]pe¿Ønb
Pm{K-Xbpw {i≤bpw Gsd {]iw-k-\o-b-at{X.
Ckv-em-anse Pnlm-Zns\°pdn®v Adn-bm-\m-{K-ln-°p∂ GsXm-
cmƒ°pw Cu IrXn \s√mcp hgn-Im-ń-bmWv. AXns\ kw_-‘n®v
hf¿Ø-s∏´ hym]-I-amb sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ°v hncm-a-an-Sm≥ Gsd
klm-b-Ihpw.
kpa-\- p-I-sfms° CuSp‰ Cu sIm®p-Ir-Xnsb kl¿jw
kzoI-cn-°p-sa∂ {]Xo-£-tbmsS hn\-b-]q¿hanXv hmb-\-°m-cpsS
apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°p∂p.
1.3.1999 ˛ssiJv apl-ΩZv Imc-Ip∂v

tacn°p∂v
24 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw 25
Ipdhv as‰m-∂ns\ _m[n°pw; I¿a-Xe - s- Ø-bmsI Zp¿_-ehpw hn^-eh - p-am°pw.

sNm´p-hn-Zy-bpw "AZv`pX hnf°pw' Ipdp-°p-hg- n-Ifpw CXn-\n√. ]cn-]q¿W-Xb - n-
PnlmZv te°v Ckvemw \S-Øp∂ Ahn-cm-aa- mb {]bm-WØ - ns‚˛hnIm-ch - n-Nm-ch - rØo
kXy-th-ZØ
- ns‚ Xe-ßf - n-ep≈ A\p-kyq-Xa- mb t]mcm-´Ø - ns‚˛t]cmWv PnlmZv F∂Xv.
""A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ ZqX-\nepw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv H´pw kwi-
BXva`- mhw bn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS ico-cw-sIm≠pw kº-Øp-sIm≠pw A√m-lp-
hns‚ hgn-bn¬ [¿a-kacw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂h - ¿ am{X-amWv kXy-hn-izm-
ka-kr-jSv n-If- psS kwtk-h\- Ø - n-eqsS A√m-lp-hns‚ Znhy-kt- ¶-Xa- W - b- m≥ kn-Iƒ˛kXy-k‘ - ≥amcpw Ah¿X-s∂-bmWv.'' (A¬lp-Pp-dmØv: 15)
a\p-jys\ {]m]vX\ - m-°pI F∂ hn`m-hnX e£y-amWv Ckvemw kq£n-°p-∂Xv. kzm¿Pn-Xhpw ssZh-ZØ - h - p-amb c≠p-Xcw kn≤n-If - p≠v a\p-jy\v. [\mZn
]q¿W-Xb - n-te°pw shfn-®Ø - n-te-°p-ap≈ {]bm-Wa- m-WXv. At∏mƒ, hn`m-hnX hkvXp-°ƒ kzm¿PnX kº-Øm-sW-¶n¬ imco-cnI˛am\-knI i‡n-Iƒ ssZhnI
e£y-ßf - psS km£m¬°m-cØ - n-∂\ - p-tcm-[a- mb I¿a-Xew AYhm bm{Xm- kn≤n-If - t{X. kº-Øn-s‚bpw ùXnI hn`-hß - f - p-sSbpw kam¿P\w Pohn-Xm-
]Yw k÷-am-°p-Is- b-∂Xv Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS [¿a-ambn ]cn-Wa- n-°p∂p. `n-em-ja- m-bn-°≠v AXn∂v t\sc Pohn-XØ - ns‚ apJw-Xn-cn®p ]nSn®v hn{`m-aI - -
e£y-t_m[w hnc-Nn-°p∂ GIm-{K-Xbpw GIm-{K-X-bn-eqsS kv^pS-]mIw ambn ]m™p-t]m-Ip-∂h - c- p≠v. ssZh-ZØ - a- mb icoc˛a\- p-If - psS kwt]m-j-
sNbvsX-SpØ a\-°c- pØpw bm{X-°p≈ ap∂p-]m-[n-Ifm-bn-Øo-cp∂p. GIm-{K- W-Øn¬, kI-ea- m-sb∂p IcpXn Du‰w sIm≠v Ign-bp-∂h - c- p-ap≠v. Ch-sb√mw
X-sb-∂Xv at\m-hm-°¿a-ß - f - psS ka-\z-ba- mWv. ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ {]bm-WK - - tIhew D]-Ic - W
- ß - f - m-sW∂pw Ah-bp-]t- bm-Kn®v t\tS≠ A\¿L-amb,
Xn°v XS- ambn \nev°p∂ ss]im-NnI i‡n-If - p-am-bp≈ t]mcm´w Ahn-sS- Aaq-ey-amb, Ak-Zr-ia- mb hn`m-hnX e£yw Aß-Is - e-bm-sW∂pw \mw ad-
sbm-c\- n-hm-cy-Xb - mWv. °p∂p. B¿YnI˛ imco-cnI˛_u≤nI kn≤n-If - psS kwhr-≤n-bmWv Pohn-Xw-
A]m-ck - m-Kc- Ø - ns‚ AKm-[X - b
- n-ea- ¿∂p sIm≠v km£m¬°cn-t°≠ hn`m-hnX e£y-sa-¶n¬ a\p-jy-Po-hnXw F{X
InS-°p∂ apsØ-Sp-°p-∂Xv Hcp t]mcm-´Ø - n-eq-sS-bmWv. \n m-ca- mWv! At∏mƒ Pohn-XsØ kmc-hØ - m-°n-Øo¿°p-∂Xpw Pohn-Xh - r-
k]vXk - m-Kc- ß - ƒ°p-a∏ - p-dØ
- p≈ IeymW kuK Øn-Isf km¿Y-Ia- m-°n-am-‰p-∂Xpw as‰m-∂mWv. B as‰m-∂ns‚ A]-{K-Y\ - -
‘nIw Ic-KX - a- m-°n-bXv Zp¿h-la- mb kl\ amWv thZ-{KŸw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂Xv. B¿YnI˛imco-cnI˛_u≤nI kn≤n-If - p-]-
Øns‚bpw Ahn-cm-aa- mb {]b-X\ v Ø - n-s‚bpw tbm-Kn®v \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-tS≠ D]m-k-\-bmWv PnlmZv. AXns‚ cq]w am‰n,
ê-am-bmWv˛AsXmcp t]mcm-á- mWv. AXns\ ùXn-It- \-´ß - ƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ {ia-am-°n-Øo¿°p-tºmƒ Pnlm-Zns‚
Ań-∏m-ds- °-´p-Iƒ sImØn-bS- ¿Øn-thWw {]IrXw hne-£W - a- m-bn-Øo-cp∂p; AXn\v A¿Ym-¥cw h∂p-tN-cp∂p. thZ-
AKm-[X - b- nse sXfn-\o-sc-Sp-°m≥. {KŸw sXfn-®p-Im-ńb ssZhn-Ia- m¿K-Øn¬, ssZh-ZØ - hpw kzm¿Pn-Xh - p-amb
˛AXp-samcp t]mcm-á- mWv. kn≤n-km[y-X-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v {]b-Xv\n-°p-∂-h≥˛ D]m-k\ km[n-°p-∂-
\nXm¥ Zo¿L-ßf - mb Zn\-cm-{X-ßf - n-eqsS h≥˛PnlmZv \n¿h-ln-°p-Ib - mWv, kq£vahpw \nb-Xh - p-amb A¿YX-eØ - n¬.
ssIh-cn® Kth-jW - k - ]-cy-bpsS ]cn-k^ v q¿Øn-bn-emWv kIe Is≠-Ø- sIm√pI F∂ I¿asØ emL-ht- ØmsS ImWp∂ AYhm hnt\m-tZm-]m-[n-
ep-Ifpw km£m¬°-cn-°s- ∏-Sp-∂Xv. bmbn kzoI-cn-°p∂ kwkvIm-ca- mtWm Ckvemw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂Xv?
I√pw- ap≈pw shń-sØ-fn®v ""Zp¿`-K\ - √
- msX Icp-Wb - n-√m-Øh - \ - m-hp-Ib- n√''(A_q-lp-dbvd) F∂pw ""P\-
ImSpw- taSpw Xń-\n-cØ - n t- hWw ß-tfmSp IcpW ImWn-°m-Øht\mSv ssZhw IcpW ImWn-°p-Ib - n√'' (Pcodn)
bm{Xm-]Y - s- am-cp-°m≥. F∂pw ""H∂n\v Poh≥ sImSp-Øh - t∂ AXns\ HSp-°m≥ A[n-Im-ca- p≈q''
shfn-®Ø - ns‚ thZ-tem-Is- Ø-Øm≥ F∂pw ]d-bp∂ {]hm-NI - a- Xw sImesb Npa-te‰n \S-°p∂ {IqcX Im´m-s\m-cp-
shń-sØ-fn-°e - p-If- m-hi - y-ambn hcpw. ßp-Ib - n√. bp≤-sØbpw sImesbbpw Hcp kml-Nc- y-Ønepw Ah-ew-_n-°p-
e£y-t_m[w, GIm-{KX AYhm X] v, D]m-k\˛Ch-bn-eqsS am{Xta a\p- I-bn√ F∂ \nc-¶pi kao-]\ - hpw kXy-th-ZØ - n-\n√. ssZh-\n-tbm-Ka- \ - p-k-
jy-Po-hn-XØ - ns‚ BXy-¥n-Ia- mb hn`m-h\ - I - ƒ ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ignbq. Pohn- cn®v `£-Wa- m-bp-]t- bm-Kn-°p-∂Xn\pw D]-{Z-hs- am-gn-hm°m\pw lnwk-bmhmw
XsØ km¿Y-Ia- m-°p∂ \nkvX{- µ-amb Hcp I¿a-k] - c- y-bm-WnXv. CXn-sem-∂ns‚ F∂-XmWv Ckvem-ans‚ lrZ-b`- mhw.
26 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw 27
Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xo¿W-am-hp-∂Xv {]mIr-Xhpw lnwkm-Ie - p-jn-Xh - p-amb Ad_n Zfiv J∫m-_ns‚ Xe-bn¬ IpØn-∏n-Sn-®p-\nev°pI Ah¿s°mcp hnt\m-Za- m-bn-
kaq-lØ - n-emWv. hntZz-jhpw {]Xn-Im-chpw sImebpw sIm≈bpw Ipe-[¿a-am- cp∂p. Np´p-]g- p-∏n® I√v J∫m-_ns‚ apXp-In¬ sh®p-sIń s]mcn-sh-bn-en¬
bn-°c- p-Xn-t∏m∂ Hcp Imew. DS-hm-fW - n™v Du‰w sIm≈m-Øh - c- mbn Bcp-a∂ - p- \n¿Øp-am-bn-cp∂p. Hcn-°e - t- ±lw Xs‚ Zp¿h-lZ- pxJw {]hm-NI - s‚ ap∂n¬
≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. Ad-_n-If - psS ]m´p-If - nepw Ihn-XI - f- nepw \mtSmSn hn⁄m-\o-b- sI´-gn®p Imń-bt- ∏mƒ "£an-°pI, shfn-®Ø - n-s‚bpw kam-izm-kØ - n-s‚bpw
Øn-em-sI-Øs- ∂bpw apg-ßn- \nev°p-∂Xv JUvK(ssk^v)Øns‚ QWQ- \msf \nßƒ°p-≈X - msW' ∂v ]d™v A\p-\b - n-∏n® IY AXn-{]-kn-≤a- mWv.
W¬°m-c-am-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcn-SØpw, Hcn-°¬t]mepw At∏mgpw {]t_m-[\ PnlmZv Xs∂-bmWv {]hm-NI - ≥ XpS¿∂Xv. _nemen-s\-
hmƒ(ssk^v) F∂ ]Z-ap-]t- bm-Kn-®n√ F∂Xv tIhew bmZr-OnIw F∂ \ne- t∏m-ep-≈h - ¿ ]n∂n´ Zpc-¥m-\p-`h - ß- ƒ t\cn-ed- n-™n´pw A_vZp¿dlvam-\n_v\p
bn¬ ImWm≥ ]mSn-√m-ØX - mWv. Bdm-bn-cØ - n-bd- p-∂q-‰n-bd- p-]Ø- mdv Bb-Øp-I- Hu^n-s\-t∏m-ep≈ Icp-Ø¿ h∂v Xncn-®S- n-°m-\p≈ A\p-aX - n-°n-c∂ - n´pw kXy-
f-hX- o¿W-am-bn´pw Pohn-XØ - ns‚ hn`m-hnX e£yw Bbp-[a- p-]t- bm-Kn®v ssIh- th-ZsØ kam-t«-jn-®X - ns‚ t]cn¬ bm-kn¿, kpaø XpS-ßn-bh - ¿ AXn-Zb - \
- o-
cn-°m-sa-∂\ - p-im-kn-°p∂ H∂p-t]mepw Ah-bn-en√. A{Im-aIhpw Bkp-chpw b-ambn sIm√-s∏-´Xv I≠n´pw Imbn-Ia- mb ]oU-\ß - fpw `¿’-\ß - fpw Ah-
kmbp-[h - p-amb kmaqly Ne-\ß - f- psS _lp-eX - b - n¬ Ah-bp-sS-sb√mw A¿Y- [oc-Wß - fpw {Iqc-amb D]-tcm[w t]mepw kzbw t\cn-tS-≠n-h∂ - n´pw {]t_m-
iq-\yX A`n-hy-‡a- m-°p∂ \ne-bn-emWv hmb-\b - p-sSbpw t]\-bp-sSbpw {]map- [\ PnlmZv am‰n-sh®v Bbp-[a- W - n™v s]mbvØn-\n-dß - m≥ {]hm-NI - ≥ Blzm-
Jy-ad- n-bn-®p-sIm≠v Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xo¿W-am-hp-∂Xv. hmf√ Xqen-Ib - mWv ÿmbn- \w-sN-bvXn√. {]Xn-jvTnX [mc-WI - f
- n¬\n∂v Imen-Sd- n-t∏m-Ic - p-sX∂v t]mepw
bmb am‰-Øns‚ am[y-as- a∂v Jp¿-B≥ {]tLm-jn-°p-Ib - mWv. DS-hm-fp-e® - n-d- IcpXn A°m-eØv bp≤w \njn-≤a- m-°n-s°m-≠p≈ {]Jym-]\ - a- n-d° - m-\mWv
ßpI F∂√ Bi-bß - f - psS Bbp-[a- W - n-bpI F∂mWv kXy-thZw Blzm\w {]hm-NI - ≥ k∂-≤\ - m-bXv. CsX√mw shfnhm-°p-∂Xv bp≤-tØm-Sp≈ kXy-th-
sNøp-∂Xv. {]t_m-[\ PnlmZn (Pnlm-Zp-±A - hv ) s‚ {]k-‡n-bX - mWv. Z-Øns‚ hn{]-Xn-]Ø - n-bmWv. AXn-\m¬, a‰p am¿K-ßs - f-√m-aS- ™ - m¬, A\n-
""AXp-sIm≠v kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ°v hgßn˛ hmcyw F∂v t_m[y-s∏-Sp∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬ A‰ ssI°p-]t- bm-Kn-°m-hp∂ Hcp
t∏mI-cpXv, Cu Jp¿-B≥ aptJ\ Xm¶ƒ D]m-[n-bmbn am{Xta kXy-thZw bp≤sØ B{i-bn-°p-Ib - p≈q F∂v a\- n-em-
Ah-tcmSv i‡-amb kacw sNøpI.'' (A¬^p¿Jm≥: 52) °m-hp-∂X - mWv.
Jp¿-B≥ F∂ thZ-{K-ŸsØ kXym-kX - y-hn-th-NIw F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬ ""(\_o) Xm¶-fpsS \mYs‚ am¿K-Øn-te°v bp‡n-]q¿h-Ia- mbpw kZp-]t- Z-
A¬^p¿Jm≥ F∂v hnfn-°m-dp≠v. Ak-Xy-tØmSv Hcp kml-Nc- y-Ønepw hn´p- i- co-Xn-bnepw Xm¶ƒ £Wn-°pI˛G‰hpw \√ coXn-bn¬ Ah-tcmSv hmZ-{]-Xn-
ho-gN v b- c- p-sX∂pw thZ-{K-Ÿs- a∂ hnin-jSv m-bp-[a- p-]t- bm-Kn®v kXy-{]-Xn-jTv m- hmZw \S-ØpI'' (A∂-l¬ v : 120).
]\w km[n-°W - s- a∂pw Xo{h-kz-cØ - n-emWv A¬^p¿Jm-\nse taep-≤c - n-°- Bi-bß - f - psS Bbp-[a- W - n-™p-sIm≠v \n¿h-ln-°s- ∏-Sp∂ DZm-Øa- mb
s∏´ kq‡w \tΩm-S\ - p-im-kn-°p-∂Xv. bp≤w hne-°s- ∏´ a°-bpsS A¥-co-£- {]t_m-[\ - P - n-lm-ZmWXv. ""A{I-an-bmb `c-Wm-[n-]s‚ apJ-Øp-t\m°n kXy-
Øn-emWv Cu shfn-]m-S-h-Xo¿W-am-bXv F∂ hkvXpX, Pnlm-Zn\v kmbp[ Øns‚ hm°p-If - e
- d- p-∂X - mWv Pnlm-Zp-If - n¬ DØa'' sa∂v {]hm-NI - ≥ Hm¿an-∏n-
PnlmZv F∂ A¿Y-ZypXn A\p-Nn-X-am-sW∂ ZrV-cq-V-t_m[w \Ωn-ep-≠m- ®n-´p≠v. B¿°p-sa-Sp-ØmSm≥ ]‰p∂ Hcm-bp-[a- √ PnlmZv. sXfn™ e£y-t_m-
°p∂p. [hpw \nc-¶p-ia- mb GIm-{K-Xb - p-ap≈ hnip≤ a\- p-Iƒ°v am{Xta Cu D]m-
""\nß-fpsS ssIIsf (bp≤-Øn¬\n∂v) XS-™p-sh-°pI. \a-kI v mcw \ne- k\ hn[n-]q¿hIw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ Ign-bp-Ib - p≈q. hy‡n NnØsØ XZ-\p-
\n¿ØpI. kImØv \evIpI'' F∂m-bn-cp∂p {]hm-NI - ≥ Xs‚ A\p-Nc- ≥amt- kmcw am‰n-sb-Sp-°p-∂X - n\pw k÷-am-°p-∂X - n-\p-ap≈ hn`m-h\ - b - mWv {hXm-\p-
cmSv Bh¿Øn-®mh¿Øn®m-hi - y-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv. jvTm-\ß - ƒ°p-≈Xv. tZtl-—I - ƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈ t]mcm-á- m-Wn-hnsS hnh£.
\PvZv tKm{X-Øn¬ P\n® J∫m_v ASn-ab - m-bmWv a°-bn-se-Øn-bXv. Ah- {]m¿Y-\I - f - n-eqsS, {hXm-\p-jTv m-\ß - f - n-eqsS at\m-am-en-\y-ßsf Igp-In-°f - ™v,
s\-°≠ - t- ∏mƒ hm’eyw tXm∂nb DΩp AΩm¿ Ahs\ hne°p hmßn Hcp Aæ-ip≤n hcpØn, BZ¿i-Øns‚ A·n-ie - m-II - f- mbn kzbw amdnb kXy-\n-
sIm√-s‚-b-Sp-°-e-b®v JUvK \n¿amWw ]Tn-∏n®p. AXn-thKw Ah-\-Xn¬ jvT¿°p am{Xta Pnlm-sZ∂ hcm-bp[w bYm¿lw {]tbm-P\ - s- ∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ignbq.
{]mhoWyw t\Sn. _p≤n-im-enbpw ]Iz-aX - n-bp-amb J∫m-_n\v Ckvemw kzoI-cn- PnlmZv C∂pw kXy-ip-≤a- mbn Adn-bs- ∏-SmsX, A]-hZ- n-°s- ∏´pw sX‰n-≤c- n-
®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ bP-am-\Ø - n-bn¬\n∂pw Ah-cpsS ktlm-Zc- \ - n¬\n∂pw AXn- °-s∏´pw InS-°p∂p! kXy-th-ZØ - ns‚ Bfl-`mhaWn-™p-\nev°p∂ PnlmZv
{Iq-ca- mb a¿Z-\ß - t- fevt°-≠n-h∂p. t_m[w sISp-∂X - p-hsc Np´p-]g- pØ Ccpºv Aß-s\-bmWv am\p-jy-IØ - n\v hn\-jSv a- m-bn-Øo¿∂Xv. Cu ]›m-Øe - Ø
- n¬
28 Pnlm-sZ-∂m¬ JnXm-e√, JnXmepw Pnlm-Zmhmw 29
F∂m¬ AXv am{X-hp-a√ PnlmZv. C{µn-bß - sf hcp-Xn-°n-cp-Øepw Bfl-ip-≤o-

DZm-Øa- mb aX-kw-kI v r-Xnsb t\m°n Bfl-\n-cmkw Bsc-¶nepw Btcm-]n-°p-
I-cW- w-t]mepw Pnlm-ZmWv. AYhm PnlmZv _mly-i‡ - n-Iƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈
∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-tcmSv Acn-iw-sIm-≈p-∂X - n-e¿Y-an√.
t]mcm´w F∂-Xn-ep-]cn B¥-cn-Ia- mb hntc-N\ - a- mWv. Hcn-°¬ Hcp [¿a-bp≤w
PnlmZv ChnsS ]p\-cp÷o-hn-°Ww.
Ign™v Xncn-®p-hc- n-Ib - m-bn-cp∂ Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf kzmKXw sNbvXp-sIm≠v
AXns‚ kn≤n-km-[y-XI - ƒ, Bg-∏c- ∏
- p-Iƒ
{]hm-NI - ≥ Cßs\ ]d™p:
hn`m-hn-X- e-£y-ßƒ˛ka-kX v hpw hym]-Ia- mbn N¿® sNø-s∏-SWw. h¿Ø-
""\nßƒ sNdnb PnlmZv Ign™v Xncn-®p-h-cp-∂-h-cmWv. \nßsf henb
am-\I
- me ka-ky-Iƒ°p t\sc B hcm-bp[w {]tbm-P\ - s- ∏-SWw.
PnlmZv (Pnlm-Zp¬ AIv_¿) ImØp-\n-e° v p∂p'' F∂v.
Alw-_p-≤n-s°-Xnsc AS-cm-Sn-s°m-≠m-cw-`n-°p∂ Bfl-ip-≤o-Ic- t- Wm-]m-
k-\b - n-te°v hnc¬Nq≠p∂ Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS Kncn-in-Jc - a- m-bn-°m-
Pnlm-sZ-∂m¬ tW≠ Pnlm-Zn-s\-°p-dn®v Hc-£cw Dcn-bm-SmsX Ckvemw Z¿i-\sØ A]-{K-
JnXm-e√, JnXmepw Yn®v Xr]vXn-bS- ™ {KŸ-Im-c≥am-cp≠v. {ia-Ic - a- mb A[zm-\Ø
sP. sh¬kn¶n cNn® A Hand book of Early Muhammaden Tradition, Kth-j-
- n-eqsS Fw.
Pnlm-Zmhmw I\pw Nn¥-I-\p-amb s¢bv≥ (Klein) Fgp-Xnb The Religion of Islam XpS-ßnb
{KŸ-ßf - n¬ Ckvem-ans‚ {]Nm-cW - Ø- n-∂mbn \S-Øs- ∏-Sp∂ bp≤-amWv Pnlm-
Ckvem-anI Ncn-{X-cN
- \
- b
- n¬ ]m›mXy teJ-Ic
- h
- e
- w-_n® kao-]\w hf-sc- sZ∂v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-°mWmw. The Encyclopaedia of Islam cNn-®b - mƒ Iptd-°qSn
tbsd A]-hZ- n-°s- ∏-ń-´p≠v. kXy-ip-≤a- mb Ncn-{X-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ \njvI¿j- apt∂m-´p-t]mbn ""Bbp-[-ap-]-tbm-Kn®pw kXy-thZw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv
bn-√m-ØX - p-sIm≠pw ap≥[m-cW - I- ƒ°-Sn-s∏-´X - p-sIm≠pw emL-h_ - p-≤n-tbm-sS- apk¬ams‚ aX-]c- a- mb _m[y-Xb - msW'' ∂phsc kml-kn-Ia- mbn ]d-™p-sh-
bmWv Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw Ckvem-ans\ ]cn-Nb - s- ∏-Sp-Øn-bXv. ®n-´p≠v. Ckvemw {]N-cn-® - Xv _e-{]-tbm-KØ - n-eq-sS-bm-sW∂ Hcp [mc-Wb - p-≠n-
Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ al-Ømb Hcp ÿm\-amWv Pnlm-Zn-\p-≈Xv. hnsS. F∂m¬ B [mc-Wbv°v B[n-Im-cn-Ia- mb, Zm¿i-\n-Ia- mb ]n¥p-Wb - n-
as‰mcp aX-Z¿i-\Ø - nepw Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bmØ ]hn-{X-Xa- a- mb Hc¿Y-Xe - a- X
- n- s√∂v Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ hy‡-am-°p∂p. "Zo\n¬ \n¿_-‘a- n√', "\n\°v \ns‚
\p≠v. F∂m¬, B ]ZsØ tIhew bp≤-Øns‚ ]cym-ba- m-bmWv an° bqtdm- aXw F\n°v Ft‚Xv' XpS-ßnb samgn-ap-Øp-Iƒ {it≤-bß - f - mWv. F∂m¬
]y≥ {KŸ-Im-c≥amcpw hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv. \Ωn¬ ]ecpw [cn-®X - p-aß- s- \-bmWv. Ckvemw Z¿i-\Ø - ns‚ {]Nm-cW - m¿Yw \n¿h-ln-°s- ∏-Sp∂ kmbp-[- k-ac- a- mWv
sXfn™ Bi-b{- K-lW - Ø - n\v Ad_v `mjm \nL-≠p-°tfm Jp¿-B≥ t]meptam PnlmZv F∂ \ne-bn-emWv bqtdm-]y≥ {KŸ-Im-c≥am-cn- te-dn-bI - qdpw Pnlm-Zns\
Ah-cp-]t- bm-Ks- ∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń-s√∂p thW-a\ - p-am-\n-°m≥. Ckvemw kwkvIrXn ]cn-Nb - s- ∏-Sp-Øn-bXv. Nne DZm-lc- W
- ß- ƒ NphsS:
B ]ZsØ Fßs\ kao-]n-°p-∂p-sh∂pw F¥n-\m-bp-]t- bm-Ks- ∏-Sp-Øn-sb∂pw "War undertaken for the propogation of Islam''- Jonath
a\- n-em-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ PnlmZv F∂ {]ÿm-\sØ bYm¿lw "The Spread of Islam by arms is a religious duty upon Muslims in general''-
Dƒs°m-≈p-hm≥ \ap°v km[y-a√. A.J. Wensinck.
PnlmZv bp≤-am-Wt{X! Aßs\ h∂m¬ Pnlm-Zn\v ]hn-{X-Xb - psS A¥x-k- "Jihad-the fighting against unbelivers with the object of either winning
Øbpw ]cn-th-jhpw \evIn AXn-\p-th≠n \njvI¿jn® {]hm-NI - ≥ \msf- them over to Islam or subduing and exterminating them in case they refuse to
sbmcp bp≤-s°m-Xn-b\ - mbn Nn{Xo-Ic- n-°s
- ∏-t´-°m-sa∂v Rm≥ `b-s∏-Sp∂p. become Muslims and the causing of Islam to spread and triumph over all
religions is considered a sacred duty of the Muslim nation''- Joseph Mour.
Nne bp≤-ßƒ Pnlm-Zm-bn-cn°mw. F∂m¬ bp≤-ß-tfXpw Pnlm-Z√. Nne¿
bp≤-sa∂p am{X-a√, kXy-th-ZØ - ns‚ {]Nm-cW - Ø - n-∂m-bp≈ bp≤w F∂p- Pnlm-Zn-s\-°p-dn®v hni-Ie - \w sNøp-∂X- n\v apsº apk¬am\pw bp≤hpw
IqSn hni-Zo- I-cn-®n-´p≠v. hmfp-sIm≠v shń-∏n-Sn-®X - mWv Ckvem-ans‚ kzm[o\w XΩn-ep≈ _‘-sa¥v F∂-t\z-jn-°p-∂Xv {]tbm-P\ - I
- c- a- m-bn-cn°pw.
F∂v hmZn-°m≥ ]cn-Icw sIń-bn-dß - n-bh - ¿°v IcpØv \evIn-bXv AØcw Hcp kml-Nc- y-Ønepw Hcp Imc-Wh - i
- mepw bp≤w sNøp-Ib - n√ F∂ \nc-
`mjy-ßf - mWv. ¶pi bp≤-hn-cp≤ `mhw Ckvemw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂n√. AØ-cs - am-ch
- I
- m-i-
PnlmZv F∂ ]ZsØ [¿a-bp≤w (JnXm¬) F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dp≠v. hmZw Jp¿-B\ - n-se-hn-sS-bp-an√. bp≤-Øn\v A\p-aXn \evIn-s°m-≠p≈ shfn-
]m-Sp-If
- p-≠m-bn-´p≠v. ]t£, bp≤w tkm]m-[n-Ihpw kq£vaZ- r-°p-Iƒ°v \oXo-
30 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw Pnlm-sZ-∂m¬ JnXm-e√, JnXmepw Pnlm-Zmhmw 31
I-cn-°m≥ t]mcp-∂Xpw ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep-≈X - p-am-bn-cn-°Ww. I≥ hnj-an®p. B \n¿Wm-bI kµ¿`-Øn-emWv "Zo\n¬ \n¿_‘w th≠'
""bp≤w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂h - ¿°v (Xncn®pw bp≤w sNøm≥) A\p-aXn \evIs- ∏- F∂ shfn-]m-Sp-≠m-bXv. C_v\p-IY
- o¿ F∂ ]fin-X≥ Xs‚ Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-
ń-cn-°p∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah¿ A{I-an-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Xo¿®-bmbpw \-Øn¬ Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-SpØn:
A√mlp Ahsc klm-bn-°m≥ Ign-hp-≈h - \- m-Ip∂p.'' (A¬l÷v: 41) "Don't compel anyone to embrace Islam for his religion is so obvious and
""Rß-fpsS \mY≥ A√m-lp-hmWv F∂v Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂s- Xm-gn®v (as‰m-cp- evident, its arguments are so clear and convincing and its appeal is so manifest
Im-cW - hpw IqSmsX) A\ym-ba- mbn Xß-fpsS `h-\ß - f- n¬\n∂v _ln-jI v c- n-°- that it is not necessary to compell anybody to enter its fold. Whoever has been
s∏-´h - c- m-Wh - ¿. a\p-jy-cn¬ Nne¿°v a‰p Nne-cn¬\n∂p≈ B{I-aW - Ø- n¬\n∂v given guidence by Allah and whose heart is open to truth will embrace it out
of free will and those whose faculties have been sealed, and there is no use
kzbw c£n-°p-∂X - n\v A√mlp A\p-aXn \evIn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ k\ym-
of foreing them into the fold.''
kn-aT- ß- fpw {InkvXob tZhm-eb - ß
- fpw PqX-∏≈ - n-Ifpw apkvenw Bcm-[\ - m-eb - -
Ckvemw Z¿i-\Ø - ns‚ A¥x-ku-µc- y-am-kz-Zn-°m≥ Ign™ B¿t\m¿Uv
ßfpw F√mw XI¿°-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p. Ah-bn¬sh®v A√m-lp-hns‚ \maw
Xs‚ Religion of Islam F∂ hn{ipX {KŸØn¬ "Islamic instructions are that there
[mcm-fa- mbn A\p-kav c- n-°s- ∏-Sp∂p. Xs∂ klm-bn-°p-∂h - sc A√mlp klm-
should be no compulsion in religion and people of others faiths must not be converted
bn-°pI Xs∂ sNøp∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp alm\pw {]Xm-]-hm-\p-am- to Islam by force'' F∂v {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≠v. A_p¬-AAvem auZq-Zn-bpsS Gsd
Ip∂p.'' {]i-kvXa- mb "A¬ Pnlm-Zp ^n¬Ckvemw' F∂ {KŸ-Øn-eqsS {]Im-i\w
F¥n-\m-Wv bp≤w? kI-es- cbpw \n¿_-‘n-∏n®v, {]tem-`n-∏n®v, òj-Wn-s∏- sNbvX PnlmZv kw_-‘n-®p≈ {]kvXmhw D≤-cW - m¿l-amWv.
SpØn ssZh-k∂ - n-[n-bn¬ ASn-bd- hv ]d-bn-°m-\mtWm bp≤w? A√, ssZh-aXv ""Iem-]-Im-cn-Iƒ°pw Ckvem-an-s\bpw apk¬am-s\bpw \in-∏n-°m≥
CjvSs- ∏-Sp-∂n√. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv \n¿_-‘] - q¿hw Zo≥ {]N-cn-∏n-°- Im∏psIń-bn-dß - n-bh - ¿°pw cmPysØ inYn-ea- m-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂h - ¿°pw òI-
embn. "Zo\n¬ \n¿_-‘a- n√' F∂ Ckvem-ans‚ auenI Z¿i-\Ø - n\v hn]-co-X- c-hm-Zn-Iƒ°pw kaq-lØ - nse kam-[m-\hpw im¥nbpw XI¿°p-∂h - ¿°pw
am-WXv. ]ns∂-sb-¥n-\mWv bp≤m-\p-aXn \evIn-bXv? ssZh-\o-Xn-b\ - p-kc- n-°p-∂- FXnsc apk¬ams‚ JUvKw Icm-fa- m-bn-cn°pw. CsXm-∂p-a√ - m-Øh - ¿s°-Xnsc,
Xn¬\n∂v P\-ßsf XS-bp-∂-h¿s°-Xn-sc-bmWv bp≤w. GXv ktµ-ihpw Ah-cpsS hnizm-kß - s- f-¥m-bmepw A\n-kvem-an-Ia- m-sW-∂p-Xs∂ h∂mepw
Z¿i\hpw tkz—m-\p-kmcw kzoI-cn-°m\pw BN-cn-°m-\p-ap≈ kaq-lØ - ns‚ apk¬am≥ Ahsc D]-{Z-hn-°p-Ib - n√. Ah-cpsS Pohn-Xhpw kzØp-hl - I- fpw
Ah-Imiw kwc-£n-°s- ∏-SWw. Zp¿_-e≥ NqjWw sNø-s∏-Sc- pXv. AXv ]cn- kpc-£n-Xa- m-bn-cn°pw.''
jvIrX kaq-lØ - ns‚ A\n-tj-[ym-hI - m-ia- mWv. AXn-s\-Xnsc h¿Øn-°p∂ ""\yq\-]£ - ° - m-c≥ Bcp-am-hs´, GXv hnizm-k° - m-c\
- p-am-hs´, Ahs‚
Ccp-ńs‚ i‡n-It- fm-SmWv bp≤w. Poh\pw kzØpw \Ωp-tS-Xp-t]m-seØs∂ D¬Ir-jvShpw ]hn-{X-hp-amWv.''
{]kn≤ Jp¿-B≥ `mjy-°m-c\ - mb ka-Ji v cn Cßs\ {]kvXm-hn®p: (auZqZn Xs‚ Islamic Law and Constitution F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬)
""hnizmk kw_-‘a- mb Imcy-ßf - n¬ _ew {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂X - ns\ A√mlp hfsc Icp-Xt- emsS, hnth-I] - q¿hw D]-tbm-Kn-t°≠ Hcm-bp-[a- mWv bp≤-
CjvSs- ∏-Sp-∂n√. AXv P\-ßf - psS lnXm-\p-kmcw \S-t°-≠X - mWv. ssZh-am-{K-ln- sa∂v Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p∂p.
s®-¶n¬ am\p-jy-Ia- msI kXy-thZ hnizm-kn-If - m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p. A√tbm {]hm- i{Xp-kw-lmcw Ah-Xmc [¿a-ambn Io¿Øn-°p∂ `mc-Xob kao-]\w CXn\v
N-Itc, (At∏mƒ) hnizmkw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v Xm¶ƒ°v _ew {]tbm-Kn- hncp-≤a- √. "hn\m-im-b- N-Zp-jI v rXmw [¿a-kw-ÿm-]\ - m¿∞mb kw`-hman bptK-
°mtam? ssZhw AXv P\-ßf - psS kzX-{¥-amb Xocp-am-\Ø - n\v hnSp-Ib - m-bn- bptK' F∂v alm-KoX tLmjn-°p-∂Xpw as‰m-∂√.
cp∂p.'' ""Zp¿aZw s]cp-tØmcv cmh-W≥ Xs∂-s°m∂v
"Zo\n¬ \n¿_‘w ]mSns√' ∂v shfn-]m-Sp-≠m-bXv aZo-\b - n¬\n∂mWv. B ktΩmZw temI-ßƒ°v hcp-Øn-s°mƒhm≥ ap∂w
shfn-]m-Sns‚ ]›m-Øe - a- d- n-bp-tºmƒ Ckvem-anI Z¿i-\Ø - ns‚ hnip≤n \sΩ {_lvai - ¶- c {]ap-Jm-ac {]ho-c∑ - m¿
tcma-l¿j-aW - n-bn°pw. lnPvd \memw h¿jw. A£-¥h - y-amb cmPy-t{Zm-l- \n¿ae ]Z-ßf - n¬ kvXpXn®p ]qPn-°b - m≥
Øns‚ t]cn¬ PqX tKm{X-am-bn-cp∂ _\q\Zodns\ {]hm-NI - ≥ cmPy-{`-jvS- am\p-jt- hjw ]q≠'' {iocm-aN - {- µ≥ Xs‚ Pt∑m-t±iyw {]Jym-]n-®p-sIm-
cm°n. kXy-thZw kzoI-cn-®m¬ in£-sbm-gn-hm-°m-sa∂ {]tem-`\ - h
- p-ambn ≠mWv cwK-Øh - X- o¿W-\m-Ip-∂Xv. _‘p-P\ - ß
- sf I≠-t∏mƒ at\m-hn-{`-aØ - n\v
Nne apkvenw-Iƒ Ahsc kao-]n-°p-∂p-s≠∂v {]hm-NI - ∂-dn-bm≥ Ign™p. hnt[-b\ - mb ]m¿Ys\, i{Xp-]£ - Øv A[¿an-If - m-sW∂ kXyw t_m[y-s∏-
PqX-aX - h
- n-izm-kn-Iƒ Xo¿Øpw Akz-ÿc- mb kµ¿`-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. {]hm-N-
SpØn Ah¿s°-Xnsc Bth-ia- W - n-bn®v Bbp-[s- a-Sp-∏n® {ioIrjvW {iahpw a-dn-bn-°m-dp≠v; s]mń-°c- b - m-dp≠v. Xncn-®S- n-°m≥ Ah¿ A\p-hmZw tNmZn-°m-
CXp-Xs- ∂-bmWv. [¿a-kw-ÿm-]\ - Ø - n\v A\n-hm-cy-amb L´-ßf - n¬ bp≤-amhmw dp-ap≠v. A¿[{]m-Wcpw AwK-`wKw h∂-h-cp-amb Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv
F∂ ktµ-ia- mWv KoX-°p-≈Xv. At∏m-sg√mw˛ ""\nßƒ £an°q, bp≤w sNøm-s\-\n-°\ - p-hm-Za- n√'' F∂v {]hm-
hncp-≤ i - ‡- n-If
- psS kwL-´\ - Ø - n-eq-sS-bmWv hnπ]w hcp-∂s- X∂v slK¬ N-I-\-dn-bn°pw. a¿Z-\-ta‰v kpaø acn-®p-sh∂ hm¿Ø-bdn™t∏mgpw
]d-™t- ∏mgpw ]n∂oSv am¿Ivkpw se\n-\p-sams° AXn\v \qX\ `mjyw \evIn- {]hmNIs‚ adp]Sn ]gbXpXs∂bm-bn-cp∂p. HSp°w, {]hm-NI - s- \-Øs∂
b-t∏mgpw (Development is the struggle of opposites) CtX Bi-b-sØ-Øs∂ h[n-°m≥ Jpssd-in-Iƒ Icp-\o-°n-Øp-Sß - n-bn-´p-s≠-∂d- n-™t- ∏mƒ At±lw
{]Im-cm-¥t- cW {]Im-in-∏n-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ t]mepw Xøm-dm-hmsX aZo-\b - n-te°v c£-s∏-Sp-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p.
""A√mlp a\p-jy-cn¬ Nnesc Nne-sc-s°m≠v XSp-Øn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ `qan- \m- ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-°p∂ \nc-]c- m-[n-If - mb kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v \nev°° - -
i-aS- t- ™s\. ]t£, A√mlp temI¿°v A\p-{Klw \evIp-∂h - \- t{X.'' (A¬_- ≈n-bn-s√∂v h∂-t∏mƒ, Ad_n tKm{X-ßs- f-bmsI kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒs°-Xnsc
Jd: 25) Cf-°n-hn-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - mWv F∂-dn-™t- ∏mƒ, \ne-\nev]n\v as‰mcp am¿K-
A[¿a-Øn-s\-Xnsc \S-Ønb t]mcm-´ß - f - psS IY-bmWv `mc-Xo-tb-Xn-lm-k- hp-an-s√∂v h∂-t∏m-gmWv apl-ΩZv \_n bp≤m-\p-aXn \evIn-bXv. \nc-¥c- a- \ - p-`h- n-
]p-cm-Wß - ƒ. PqX-aXw AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v bp≤m-\p-aXn \evIn-bn-cp∂p. ®p-t]m∂ Ah-[o-cW - ß - fpw ]oU-\ß - fpw Ah-Im-ih - n-[zw-k\ - ß
- fpw \mSpw -
]n∂oSv h∂ ss{IkvXh aXw bp≤w hne°n. amXyp-hns‚ kphn-ti-jØ - n¬ hoSpw \jvSs- ∏-Sp-Ø¬t]m-ep≈ òI-ch - r-Øn-Ifpw XpS¿∂-t∏mƒ bp≤-a√ - msX
akol ]d™ hm°p-Iƒ ChnsS D≤-cW - m¿l-amWv: a‰v am¿K-an-s√-∂p-h∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv bp≤m-\p-aXn \evIp-∂Xv. AØcw kµ¿`-
""F∂m¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp∂p, ZpjvS- t- \mSv \nßƒ {]Xn-Imcw sNø- ß-fn¬ bp≤w A\p-hZ- n-°s- ∏-ń-s√-¶n¬ Bcm-[\ - m-eb
- ß
- ƒ t]mepw Ah-ti-jn-
cpXv. {]XypX, Hcmƒ \ns‚ heXp Ihn-fØ - S- n-®m¬ \o at‰ Ihnƒ IqSn ImWn- °n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v {]hm-NI - ∂v shfn-]m-Sp-≠mbn. bp≤sØ kw_-‘n®v Jp¿-
®p-sIm-Sp-°Ww.'' sshZn-I\ - mb ]t{Xm-kn-t\mSv akolv ]d™p: ""hmƒ Dd-bn- B-\nepw lZo-kp-If - n-ep-ap≈ ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ ChnsS A\p-kav c- W - o-bß - f - mWv:
enSq. hmsf-SpØh≥ hmfm¬ \in°pw'' F∂v. ssk\n-It- k-h\w t]mepw Acp- ""\nß-tfmSv bp≤-Øn\v hcp-∂h - t- cmSv A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ \nßƒ
XmØXm-sW∂v hne-°n-s°m≠v ss{IkvXh aX-th-Zn-If - n¬\n∂v i_vZa- p-b¿∂n- bp≤w sNøp-hn≥. \nßƒ AXn-{Iaw sNø-cpXv. AXn-{I-an-Isf A√mlp
cp∂p. F∂m¬ a‰p- Nn-e¿ ss__vƒ hN-\ß - sf {]mtbm-KnI cmjv{So-bh - p-ambn kvt\ln-°p-Ib - n√. Xcw-In-ń-tb-SØ - p-sh®v Ahsc \nßƒ sIm√p-hn≥. Ah¿
Iqń-°e - ¿Øn bp≤-hn-cp-≤X - bv°v am‰w hcpØn. Aß-s\-bmWv Nne bp≤- \nßsf ]pd-Øm-°n-tb-SØp\n∂v, \nßƒ Ah-scbpw ]pd-Øm-°p-hn≥. a¿Z\w
ßƒ \n-ba- m-\p-kr-Xß - fm-sW∂v h∂Xv. sIme-sb-°mƒ ITn-\a - m-Ip∂p. akvPn-Zp¬ ldm-an¬\n∂v Ah¿ \nß-tfmSv
Ckvemw BZ¿im-flIw F∂-Xp-t]mse {]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb Hcp Z¿i\ bp≤w sNøp-thmfw Ahn-sS-h®v \nßƒ Ah-tcmSv bp≤w sNø-cpXv. F∂m¬
hnti-ja- mWv. hn`m-hnX e£y-ßsf hnkvac- n-°p-Ibpw PohnX aqey-ßsf hnK- Ah¿ \nß-tfmSv bp≤-Øn\p h∂m¬ Ahsc \nßƒ sIm√p-hn≥. Aß-s\-
Wn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v bp≤ hncp-≤X - b - psS t]cn¬, i{Xp-°f - psS Bbp- bmWv \ntj-[n-If - psS {]Xn-êw. F∂m¬ Ah¿ hnc-an-°p∂ ]£w A√mlp
[-ßƒ°v ap∂n¬ Cømw-]m-‰I - s- f-t∏mse NØ-Sn-bp-∂Xv òcp-Xz-am-sW∂pw [¿a- s]mdp-°p-∂h - \pw Icp-Wm-hm-cn-[n-bp-at{X. Ipg∏w (a¿Z\w) C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw
hn-tem-]a- m-sW∂pw Ckvemw Icp-Xp∂p. lnPvdb - \
- p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw A\p-bm-bn- aXw A√m-lp-hn-\p-th-≠n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂X - p-hsc Ah-tcmSv \nßƒ bp≤w
ItfmSv c£-s∏-Sm-\m-lzm\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvX {]hm-NI - ≥ imco-cn-Ia- mb sNøp-hn≥. F∂m¬ Ah¿ hnc-an-°p-∂-]£w ]ns∂ Hcp-hn[ A{I-ahpw
c£ ]c-a-am-bn-°≠ òcphpw Aev]-\p-a√. temI-Øns‚ kpÿn-Xn-°mbn ]mSn√, A{I-an-It- fm-S√ - msX.'' (A¬_-Jd: 190˛193)
A√mlp `c-ta-ev]n® aln-Xm-Z¿i-ßfpw hninjvS aqey-ßfpw Xß-tfm-sSm∏w ""A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ bp≤w sNøp-hn≥; A√mlp tIƒ°p-∂h - \pw
aä-d™ - p-t]m-Ic- p-sX∂v Icp-Xn-bmWv \_nbpw kl-Nm-cn-Ifpw ]em-b\w Adn-bp-∂h - \p-am-sW∂v \nßƒ Hm¿°Ww.''
\n¿h-ln-®Xv. AXp-t]mse ]Z-hn°pw {]i-kX v n°pw ùXn-Ia- mb t\´-ßƒ°pw ""A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ sNtø≠ coXn-bn¬ \nßƒ kacw sNøp-
th≠n-b√ Ckvemw bp≤m-\p-aXn \evIn-bXv, [¿a-kw-c£ - W - m¿Y-amWv. hn≥.'' (A¬l÷v: 73)
Hcp Zim-_vZØ - n-te-sd-°mew, hnj-aX - I - t- fsd kln®v a°-bn¬ kXy-hn- Hcp _Zhn \_n-tbmSv tNmZn®p: ""Nne¿ {Zhy-Øn\v th≠n t]mcm-Sp∂p.
izmkw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p {]hm-NI - ≥. a°-bnse Jpssd-in-Ifpw aZo-\- Nne¿ Io¿Øn°v, Nne¿ ]Z-hn°v˛F∂m¬ ssZh-\m-aØ - n¬ t]mcm-Sp-∂h - \
- mcv?''
bnse PqX≥amcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒs°-Xnsc Agn-®p-hn´ t{Zml-]c- º - c- I
- ƒ°- \_n ]d™p: ""ssZh-hN - \
- Ø
- ns‚ D∂Xn°v B¿ t]mcm-Sp-∂pthm Ah-
Xn-cn-√m-bn-cp∂p. kln-sI´ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ {]hm-NI - k - ∂
- n-[n-bn-seØn ZpxJ- \mWv ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ s]mcp-Xp-∂h - ≥.'' (_pJmcn˛apkvenw)
""bp≤w sNøth F√m t\cØpw Hcp apkvenw t]mcmfn A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv b-ambn am{Xta \S-Øm\pw ]mSp≈q. Fß-s\-sb-¶nepw Pbn-°pI F∂-X√,
hnP-bØ - n-\mbn {]m¿Yn-°W'' sa∂v Hcn-°¬ {]hm-NI - \- d- n-bn-°p-Ib - p-≠mbn. [¿a-NypXn hcmsX {i≤n-°pI F∂-XmWv t]mcm-fn-bn¬ Ckvemw kwkvIrXn
AXn-s‚-b¿Yw ssZh-kvac- W ssIhn-´p-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp \nan-ja- p-≠m-bn-cn-°n- \njvI¿jn°p-∂Xv. [¿a-hn-ew-L\ - Ø- n-eqsS Bbp[ hnPbw ssIh-cn-®m¬
s√∂pw kXy-am¿K-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ hyXn-Ne - \w bp≤-th-fb - n¬ kw`-hn-°n-s√- AXv bYm¿Y Pb-am-bw-Ko-Ic- n-°m≥ Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-b\ - p-hZ- n-°p-∂n√.
∂p-amWv. ssZhnI ZuXy-Øns‚ \n¿h-lW - a- m-bmWv Ckvemw bp≤sØ ImWp- Cu ssZhn-Ia- mb ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ kXy-hn-izmkn Xøm-dm-Ip-∂n-s√-
∂Xv. as‰m-∂n-\p-]t- bm-Ks- ∏-Sp-Øm-\p-≈X - √. ¶n¬ ""`qan-bn¬ Znhy-amb sFIyw ÿm]n-°m≥ Bcp-ap-≠m-hn√'' F∂ Xm°oXv
a\p-jy-Po-hn-XsØ Ckvemw G‰-hp-a[ - nIw hne-aX - n-°p∂p. AXn-s\-Xn-sc- Kuc-h] - q¿hw hne-bn-cp-Øs- ∏-tS-≠X - mWv. a‰mcpw B ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°m-\p-
bp≈ GX-{I-ahpw Ip‰-amWv˛kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS kap¬Ir-jSv e - £- W - ß- f - n- ≠m-hn√ F∂ hmNn-Im¿Y-a√, AXv apk¬ams‚ Aew-Ly-amb [m¿anI _m[y-
sem∂v A\ym-ba- mbn a\p-jy-c‡w sNmcn-bm-Xn-cn-°e - m-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂- X-bmWv F∂ kqNym¿Y-amWv B Xm°oXv A`n-hy-‡a- m-°p-∂Xv. ssZh-am¿K-
b-dn-bn-®n-´p≠v: Ønse bp≤w Pnlm-ZmWv. F√m bp≤-ßfpw Pnlm-Z√, ssZh-am¿K-Ønse
""(Ah¿) A√mlp BZ-cn® Hcp Poh-s\bpw A\ym-b-ambn \in-∏n-°p-I- bp≤w am{Xw. a¿Z\w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂X - n-\p-th-≠nbpw a\p-jy≥ a\p-jys\
bn√.'' (A¬_-Jd: 68) ASn-ab - m-°n-sh-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂X - n-∂p-th-≠nbpw bp≤w sNøm≥ Jp¿-B≥ A\p-
""Ah¿ \nßsf (A{I-an-°msX) amdn-\nev°p-Ibpw \nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNøm- im-kn-°p-∂p≠v. ""B¿ ssZhn-Ik - c- W- n-bn¬ bp≤w sNøp-Ibpw Aßs\ h[n-
Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw k‘n°v Xøm-dm-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]£w Ahsc (A{I-an- °-s∏-Sp-Itbm hnP-bn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂pthm Ah¿°v \mw AXn-al - Ø- mb
°m≥) Hcp ]gpXpw A√mlp \nßƒ°v \n›-bn-®n-ń√.'' (A∂nkmAv: 90) {]Xn-êw \evIp-∂X - m-Ip∂p. ]oUn-Xcpw ASn-®a- ¿Ø-s∏-´h - c- p-amb kv{Xo]p-cp-
""\nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNøp-∂h - c- p-ambn A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ \nßfpw j≥am¿°pw Ipń-Iƒ°pw th≠n \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw
bp≤w sNøpI˛F∂m¬ \nßƒ AXn-{Iaw {]h¿Øn-°c- pXv˛ A√mlp AXn-{I- sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂X - n\v F¥p≠v \ymbw?'' F∂v thZ-{KŸw kKu-chw tNmZn-°p-
a-ßsf CjvSs- ∏-Sp-Ib - n-√X
- s∂.'' (A¬_-Jd: 190) ∂p≠v.
a\p-jy¿s°-Xn-sc-bp≈ bp≤w, [¿a-hn-cp-≤a- mb bp≤w Ckvemw kwkvIr- ""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ ka-cØ - n\v ]pd-s∏-SpI hgn s]mSn-]p-c≠ ]mZ-ßsf Hcn-
Xn-bn¬ hne-°s- ∏-´X - mWv. ]£n-ar-Km-Zn-Is- f-t∏mepw A\ym-ba- mbn hI-hc- p-Ø- °epw \c-Km·n kv]¿in-°p-Ib - n√'' F∂pw ""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ apdn-th-‰h - c- psS
cpXv. apdnhv A¥y-Zn-\Ø - n¬ sXfn-hm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Ah-bn¬\ns∂m-gp-Ip∂ c‡-
""`qan-bn¬ \S-°p∂ GXv arK-sØbpw hmbp-hn¬ ]d-°p∂ GXv ]d- Øns‚ aWw IkvXq-cn-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cn°p'' sa∂pw ""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ acn-°p-∂-
hsbbpw t\m°p-hn≥; Ah-sbm-s°bpw \nß-sf-t∏m-ep≈ h¿K-ßƒX-s∂- tXmsS F√m ]m]hpw s]mdp-°s- ∏Sp'' sa∂pw ""A{I-an-If - psS ]Ssb t\cn-Sp-
bm-Ip∂p. \mw Ah-cpsS hn[n {]am-Wß - f - n¬ Hcp hogvNbpw hcp-Øn-bn-ń√.'' tºmƒ ]n≥Xn-cn-t™m-Sc- p-sX∂pw Aßs\ sNøp-∂h - ¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-
(A¬-A≥Bw: 38) Øn¬ ]Xn-°p-sa∂pw Ahs‚ A`-bÿ - m\w \c-Ia- m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A\p-kav -
apk¬ams‚ kmaq-lnI _m[y-XI - f - \- p-kav c- n-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Jp¿-B\ - nI cn-∏n-°p∂ Ckvemw kwkvIrXn ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ ka¿∏n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ bp≤
kqN-\I - ƒ {it≤-ba- mWv: hrØnsb A\-hZ- y-sa∂pw AXyp-ZmØ-sa∂pw hnti-jn-∏n-°p∂p. Aßs\
""Aßs\ \nßƒ P\-ßƒ°v km£n-Ifpw {]hm-N-I≥ \nßƒ°v \n¿h-ln-°s- ∏-Sp∂ bp≤-ßs- f√mw Pnlm-ZmWv˛a\p-jy-Po-hs‚ ]hn-{X-Xbpw
km£nbpw BI-Ø-°-hÆw \nßsf \mw D¬IrjvS kap-Zm-b-am-°n-bn-cn- kaq-lØ - ns‚ [m¿an-I\ - n-ebpw im¥nbpw kwc-£n-°p-∂X - n∂v AXn-{I-aØ - ns‚
°p∂p.'' (A¬_-Jd: 143) i‡n-I-tfmSv t]mcm-tS-≠n-hcpw. Cu t]mcm-´-ßƒ Pnlm-Zns‚ {]hn-im-e-X-
PmXn a- X
- h
- ¿W-hy-Xym-kß - ƒ ]cn-KW - n-°msX `qap-JØ - p≈ F√m kaq-l- bn¬s]Sp∂p.
ß-fn¬\n∂pw a¿Z-\sØ AI-‰m-\p≈ _m[yX apk¬am-\p≠v. P\-ßf - psS
t¢i-ßƒ°pw t]mcm-bav I - ƒ°pw AXn-{I-aß - ƒ°pw km£yw hln®v Ahsc
t\¿h-gn°v sIm≠p-hc- m≥ Npa-Xe - s- ∏-´h- c- mWv apkvenw-Iƒ F∂v kXy-th-Za- \ - p-
im-kn-°p∂p.
A\n-hm-cy-amb kµ¿`-ßf - n¬, \oXo-Ic- n-°Ø - ° kml-Nc- y-ßf - n¬ A\p-
h-Zn-°s- ∏´ bp≤w Xs∂ kap-∂X am\-hnI aqey-ßf - psS am\-Zfi - Ø - n\v hnt[-
36 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw kmbp[ Pnlm-Zns‚ kµ¿`w 37
ssIs°m-≠h - tcm ]nim-Nns‚ am¿K-Ønepw kacw sNøp∂p. AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ

kmbp[ kmØms‚ Iq´p-Im-tcmSv kacw sNøp-hn≥. Adn-™n-cn-°p-hn≥, kmØms‚
X{¥w AXoh Zp¿_-ea- m-Ip∂p.'' (A∂mknBØv: 71˛76)
Pnlm-Zns‚ ssZh-\m-aØ - ns‚ k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-Xzhpw ]c-tam-∂X - nbpw km£m¬°-cn-°p-
kµ¿`w hm\pw ssZh-ln-XØ - ns‚ A{]-am-ZnXzw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw \S-Øp∂ ka-
c-taXpw ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ bp≤-am-bn-cn°pw.
Ckvem-anse bp≤w Hcp ]pXnb ÿm]-\-a√. {]Ir-Xy-h-ew-_n-X-amb Hcp k¶p-Nn-Xhpw ùXn-Ih - p-amb kzm¿Y-kw-]q¿Øn°p th≠n-bp≈ {iatam,
km¿h-eu-InI \nb-aØ - ns‚ ]p\x-ÿm-]\ - a- m-WXv. a\p-jy-Po-hs‚ ]hn-{X-Xbpw kwL-S\ - I
- f- p-tStXm kap-Zm-bØ - n-t‚tXm cmjv{S-Øn-t‚tXm Bb i‡n-{]-IS- -
kaq-lØ - ns‚ [m¿an-IX - bpw im¥nbpw AXn-{I-an°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ AXn-{I-a- \tam A√ PnlmZv. am\p-jy-IØ - ns‚ Xm¬]cyw Io¿Øn®v km[n-t°≠, kmaq-
Øns‚ i‡n-It- fmSv t]mc-Sn-t°≠n hcp∂p; CXmWv Ckvem-anse bp≤w. lnI\o-Xn°pw t£a-Øn\pw th≠n Hmtcm apk¬am\pw sNøm≥ `c-ta-e] v n-°-
{]]-©- Po-hn-XØ - n-s\mcp Xmf-ap≠v. kI-em-[n-\m-Y\ - mb {kjvSm-hns‚ A`n- s∏´ Znhy-Zu-Xy-am-WXv. AXmWv, AXp-am-{X-amWv A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn-ep≈
a-Xa- m-WXv. AXns‚ A\yq-\a- mb A\p-h¿Ø\w {]]-©P - o-hn-XØ- ns‚ kpkz- bp≤w. kXy-ip-≤-amb hnizm-khpw hy‡-amb Pohn-X-{I-ahpw temIØv
c-Xb - °v \ - n-hm-cy-amWv. AX-\p-kc- n-°m\pw AXns\ kwc-£n-°m\pw a\p-jy\v kwÿm-]n-°p-hm-\mWv PnlmZv Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv.
_m[y-Xb - p≠v. c≠pw ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ \n¿h-lW - a- mWv.AXn-t\m-Sp≈ \n w- ""ssZh-amWv kXyw. Xo¿®-bmbpw Rm≥ ssZh-am¿KØn¬ h[n-°s- ∏-Sm-\`- n-
K-Xbpw AXns‚ hnew-L\ - hpw ssZth-Xc- {- ]-hW - X - I- f- mWv. e-jn-°p∂p. ]ns∂ Pohn-XØ - n-te°v Xncn-®p-hc- m\pw, ho≠pw h[n-°s- ∏-Sm\pw
a¿Zn-°s- ∏-SpI Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. Aßs\ Hmtcm ka-bØpw Hmtcm ]pXnb {]Xn-êw
bp≤w sNø-s∏-SpI F\n°v e`n-°p-am-bn-cp∂p.''
A\ym-ba- mbn kzKr-lØ - n¬\nt∂m ""A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿KØn¬ ka-cØ - n\v ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂h - sc A√mlp klm-
kz¥w \mń¬\nt∂m ]pdw-X≈ - s- ∏-SpI bn°pw. h[n-°-s∏-ń-s√-¶n¬ Ah≥ {]Xn-^-ehpw ka-cm¿Pn-X-kz-Øp-ambn
hnizm-kk - zm-X{- ¥yhpw hoń¬ Xncn-s®Øpw. h[n-°s- ∏-Sp-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ Ah≥ kz¿K-Øn-te°v Db¿Ø-
Bcm-[\ - m-kzm-X{- ¥yhpw \ntj-[n-°s- ∏-SpI s∏Spw.''
Cu kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ kam-[m-\-{i-a-Øns‚ kI-e- I-hm-S-ßfpw AS-b- ""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ acn-°p-∂t- XmsS F√m ]m]hpw s]mdp-°s - ∏Spw. IS-
s∏´p F∂p h∂m¬ AhnsS bp≤w A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p. B bp≤w ssZh- Øns‚ ]m]-sam-gnsI. PnlmZv B{K-ln-°m-Øh - ≥ hnizm-kn-b√'' XpS-ßnb
am¿K-Ønse ]hn-{X \ - n¿h-lW - a- mbn A√mlp AwKo-Ic- n-°p∂p. bp≤-sam-gn-hm- lZo-kp-Iƒ ssZh-am¿KØn-ep≈ bp≤-Øns‚ {]mapJyw Io¿Øn-°p∂p.
°m-\p≈ kq£vak - p-jn-cs - a-¶nepw A¥y-\n-an-jØ - n-em-bm¬ t]mepw Is≠- ""A{I-aØ- n\v hnt[-bc- m-bh - ¿°v bp≤-Øn\v A\p-hmZw \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
Øp-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ AXv {]tbm-P\ - s- ∏-Sp-Øm≥ AXo-h P - m-{KX ImWn-°W - s- a- ImcWw, Ah-tcmSv A\oXn ImWn-°s - ∏-ń-cn-°p∂p. Ahsc klm-bn-°m≥
∂mWv A√m-lp-hns‚ A`n-aXw. A√mlp {]m]vX\ - mWv. A\ym-ba- mbn kz¥w `h-\ß - f - n¬\n∂v Ah¿ ]pd-Øm-
""B¿ ssZhn-Ik - c- W- n-bn¬ bp≤w sNøp-Ibpw Aßs\ h[n-°s- ∏-Sp-Itbm °-s∏´p, Rß-fpsS \mY≥ A√m-lp-hm-sW∂v ]d-™X - √- msX Hcp Ip‰hpw
hnP-bn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂pthm Ah\v \mw AXn-al - Ø - mb {]Xn-êw \evIp-∂- Ah¿ sNbvXn-ń√.'' (A¬l÷v: 39˛40)
Xm-Ip∂p. ]oUn-Xcpw ASn-®a- ¿Ø-s∏-´h - c- p-amb kv{Xo ]pcp-j∑ - m¿°pw Ipń- ]mc-{Xn-It- \´w hmKvZm\w sNbvXv Jp¿-B≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf [¿a-bp-≤-
Iƒ°pw th≠n \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂- Øn\v t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®p-sh-¶n¬ euIn-I- kp-Jß - f - n¬ abßn [¿ak-ac- sØ
Xn\v F¥p≠v \ymbw? B P\tam, {]m¿Yn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p: "\mYm a¿Z-I- Ah-KW - n-°p-∂h - sc AXv \nc-¥cw Xm°oXv sNøp-Ibpw ]c-tem-I- Po-hn-Xs- Ø-
cmb \nhm-kn-I-fpsS Cu ]´-W-Øn¬\n∂v Rßsf \o tamNn-∏n-t°-Wta. b-t]-£n®v euIn-I- Po-hnXw \n m-c-am-sW∂v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
\ns‚ ]°¬\n∂v Rßƒ°v Hcp c£-Is\ \n›-bn®p Xtc-Wta. \o Rßƒ°v sNøp∂p.
Hcp klm-bnsbbpw \n›-bn-®p-Xt- c-Wta.' hnizm-kØ - ns‚ am¿Kw kzoI-cn-®- ""hniz-kn-®h - tc, \nßƒ°v F¥p-]‰n? A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ bp≤-
h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøp∂p. \ntj-[-Øns‚ am¿Kw Øn\v ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn≥ F∂v \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp-tºmƒ `qan-bn-te°v \nßƒ Aa¿∂p-
I-fb- p∂p. ]c-tem-IØ - n-\p-]I- cw euIn-I- Po-hn-XsØ \nßƒ CjvSs- ∏-´pthm?
F∂m¬ ]c-tem-IsØ At]-£n®v euIn-I P - o-hn-XØ- nse hn`-hß - ƒ tIhew Sp-t]mepw ]c-am-h[n Zbm-Zm-£n-Wy-ßƒ Im´-Ws- a∂pw A\p-Nc- ∑ - m-tcm-Sp-]t- Z-
Xp—-amWv.'' (AØu_: 38) in-°m-dp≈ \_n°v Aßs\ tXm∂n-bX - n¬ hnkvab - a- n√. apl-ΩZ- ns‚ am\-kn-
Bbp-[- i-‡n-bp≠v, kº-Ztv i-jn-bp≠v. Bƒ_-ea- p≠v, ssZhn-Ia- mb \oXo- Im-hÿ a\- n-em-°nb lwk Bflm¿Y-ambn ZpxJn®p. At±-lØ - ns‚ a\-
I-cW
- h - p-ap≠v˛ F∂m¬t∏mepw bp≤-am-cw-`n-°p-∂X - n\p IqSp-X¬ \n_-‘\ - - ns‚ Bg-ß-fn¬ {]hm-N-I≥ Hcp tXtPm-_nw-_-ambn amdp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p.
Iƒ Jp¿-B≥ \n¿tZ-in-°p-∂p≠v: (Gsd sshImsX lwk kXy-thZw kzoI-cn®p.)
""Ah¿ bp≤-k∂ - ≤ - c- m-hmsX amdn-\n-e° v p-Ibpw k‘n {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw CXmWv \_n-bpsS a\ v. B a\- n¬ bp≤-shdn hnf-bp-sa∂v Icp-Xp-∂Xv
sNbvXm¬ Ah¿s°-Xn-cn¬ h√Xpw sNøm≥ \nßƒ°-hI - m-ia- n√.'' (A∂n- auVy-amWv. hmfpw ITm-cn-bp-a√, kl-\hpw kwb-a\ - h- p-amWv km[m-cW kml-
km-Av: 90) N-cy-ßf - n¬ Ckvemw D]-tbm-Kn-®p-t]m-∂Xv.
emL-ht- ØmsS ssIImcyw sNø-s∏-tS≠ H∂mWv bp≤w F∂v Ckvemw a°-bn¬\n∂v Bń-tbm-Sn-°s- ∏´ A`-bm¿Yn-If - m-bn-cp∂p aZo-\b - nse ]Ip-
Icp-Xp-∂n√. bp≤w t]mep≈ {]Xy-£- \-S] - S- n-Is- fm-gn-hm-°m≥ kl-\Ø - ns‚ Xn-tbmfw hcp∂ apkve - nw-Iƒ. Xß-fpsS {]nb-s∏´ IAv_ H∂p-Im-Wm≥ a\-
s\√n-∏S- n-tbmfw B≠vap-ßn-bh - c- m-Wh - ¿. Ah-cpsS KX-Im-e N - c - n-{X-]Y
- Ø- n- p-\n-d™ sImXn-bp-≠h - ¿°v. ]t£, Ah¿ \n -lm-bc- m-bn-cp∂p. Hcp Znhkw
eqsS k©-cn-®m¬ Hcn-°epw am∏¿ln-°mØ sImSpw-{Iq-cX - I - f- mWv Jpssd-in- {]hm-NI - \
- n¬\n∂v shfn-]m-Sp-≠mbn: ""a°-bn-te°v Dwd°v t]mIm≥ Xøm-dm-
Iƒ ImWn-®n-cp-∂s- X∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ignbpw. hpI'' F∂v.
""Poh-\p≈ ico-cØ - n¬\n∂v Cu¿®-hm-fp-]t- bm-Kn®v ]®-amwkw Du¿s∂-Sp- Ah¿ ]pd-s∏´p. lpssZ-_n-bb - n-se-Øn-bt- ∏mƒ Ah¿ XS-bs- ∏´p. Hcp \oXo-
Ø-hc - m-Wh - ¿. Hcn-°¬ Hcp IpSpw-_sØ H∂-S¶w ]pI-bn´v Ipan®v hnizm-k- I-cW- h - p-an-√mØ [n°m-ca- m-bn-cp∂p AXv. {]Xym-{I-aWw \S-ØmsX, sNdp-Øp-
am‰w Bh-iy-s∏-´h - c- m-Wh - ¿. kpPq-Zn¬InS∂v d∫n-t\mSv {]m¿Yn-°p∂ t\cØv \n-e° v msX apkvenw-Iƒ k‘n-`m-jW - Ø - n-s∂m-cpßn. XpS¿∂v aZo-\b - n-tebv°v
H´-IØ - ns‚ IpS¬ame hmcn ] - n-Se- n-bn-en´v s]mń-®n-cn-®h - c- m-Wh - ¿. D]-tcm-[- apkvenw-Iƒ Xncn-®p-t]m-hpI F∂-Xpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ Ht´sd hyh-ÿI - f - p≈ Icm-
sa∂ t]cv ]d™v òI-ca- mb Hcp ae-tbm-cØv sIm≠p-t]mbn ]nim-Np-°ƒ dn¬ {]hm-NI - ≥ H∏p-sh®p. At∏mƒ Da¿ {]hm-NI - t- \mSv Cßs\ tNmZn®p:
t]mepw sNøm-\d- ° - p∂ {Iqc-Ir-Xy-ßƒ sNbvXv kwXr]vXn sIm≠-hc- m-Wh - ¿. ""{]hm-NI - tc, \mw kXy-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-If - t√? kXy-Øn\pw AXns‚
F∂m¬, Ah-cn-t∏mƒ ka-cc- w-KØ - p-\n∂v ]n∑m-dp-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ \nß-fh - nsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°pw Cu Icm¿ hgn \mw F¥n-\mWv am\-t°Sv hcp-Øp-∂Xv? Hcp
£am-Nn-Øc- m-hW''sa∂p-]t- Z-in-°p∂ Ckvemw kwkvIrXn, AXns‚ t\¿Ø ssk\n-Ia- p-t∂‰w hgn apkve - nw-If - psS Bflm-`n-am-\Ø - n\p £X-taev°m-Ø-
hnew-L\w t]mepw aX-hn-cp-≤ -hr-Øn-bmbn am{Xta ImWp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂v hn[w Imcy-ßƒ ssIImcyw sNbvXp-IqtS'' F∂v.
\njvI¿jn-°p∂ Ckve - m-ans‚ kl-Pa- mb bp≤-hn-cm-KnX Bkz-Zn-°s- ∏-tS-≠- F∂m¬ {]hm-NI - ≥ k‘n-hy-hÿ - b - n¬ Dd-®p-\nev°pI Xs∂ sNbvXp.
XmWv. bp≤-sam-gn-hm-°m-\p≈ al-Ømb kl-\a- m-bn-cp∂p AXv. Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-
{]hm-NI - s‚ am\-kn-Im-hÿ t]mepw bp≤-{]-hW - a- √, {]XypX kuayhpw bpsS \n¿h-lW - ]
- Y
- Ø- n¬ bp≤w A\p-hZ- n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ shfn-]mSv h∂-Xn\v
kmXzn-Ih - p-amWv: tij-amWv Cu kw`-ha- p-≠m-bs- X-∂p-IqSn Chn-sS-tbm¿°Ww.
Hcn-°¬ A_q-Pl - ¬ v apl-ΩZv \_nsb iIm-cn®p, A]-am-\n®p, ssItb‰w a\p-jy-kzm-X{¥yw, hyjvSn˛ka-jvSn-bh - I
- m-iß- ƒ F∂n-hb - psS kwc-£-
sNbvXp. Bsc-¶n-ep-ad- n™v A¶-em-t∏-Xp-ap-≠m-th≠m F∂v IcpXn \_n H∂pw W-Øn\pw {]Xn-tcm-[-Øn\pw th≠n-b-√msX Hcp bp≤-Øn\pw {]hm-N-I≥
kw`-hn-°mØ ań¬ CSw-he - s- am∂v t\m°n Xncn-™p-\S- ∂p. At∏mƒ B hgn t\Xr-Xz-sa-Sp-Øn-ń√. {]hm-NI - ≥ t\cn´v \S-Ønb bp≤-ßf - m-bmepw klm-_n-
hcn-Ib - m-bn-cp∂ \_n-bpsS ]nXr-hy≥ lwk CsXms° ImWp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. am-sc-bb - ®p \S-Ønb t]mcm-´ß - f - m-bmepw˛ F√mw Cu am\-ZW - U v Ø - n\v hnt[-
lwk [rXn-bn¬ \S-s∂-Øp-tºm-tg°v Ccp-hcpw c≠p-hg- n°v \S-∂p-\o-ßn-°g- n- b-am-bn-cp∂p.
™n-cp∂p. Xs‚ ktlm-Zc- ] - p-{Xs\ A]-am-\n-°p-Ibpw AIm-cW - a- mbn a¿Zn-°p- ""temIØv \nß-fmWv DØ-a∑ - m¿, \nßƒ bYm¿Y hnizm-kn-If - m-bn-´p-s≠-
Ibpw sNbvX A_q-Pl - e -v n-t\mSv ]IcwtNmZn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv AXn-tesd am\- ¶n¬'' F∂v Jp¿-B≥ Adn-bn-°p-Ib - p-≠mbn. CXv A¿Y-K¿`-amb Hcp {]tbm-
t°-Sm-sW∂v Icp-Xnb lwk A_q-P-lv-ens\ tXSn-\-S∂p; hgn-bn¬ Xs∂ K-amWv. aln-Xm-Z¿i-ß-fm¬ al-Øz-h¬°-cn-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv \nßƒ.
I≠p-apń. NmSn-s®∂v t{Im[m-th-it- ØmsS s]mXnsc X√n. Xs‚ {]Xn-{In-b- \nßƒ°mWv bp≤m-\p-aXn \evIn-bXv. B A]q¿h-e_ - [ v a- mb Ah-Imiw \nßƒ
bn¬ apl-ΩZv Gsd kt¥m-jn-°p-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p lwk Icp-Xn-bXv. adn-®m-bn- Hcp kml-Nc- y-Ønepw Zpcp-]t- bmKw sNøn√ F∂ DØ-a h - n-izm-kØ - n-em-WXv.
cp∂p A\p-`hw. \_n a\- p-d™ - p- th-Z\ - n®p. {]Xn-{Inb ]mSn-s√∂pw i{Xp-thm- [¿akw-c£ - W - m¿Yw \nßƒ°v e`n® hc-Zm-\a- m-WXv. BZ¿i-Øns‚ A·n-i-
em-II - f - mWv \nßƒ. \nßƒ°p-am-{Xta Pnlm-Zns‚ \nb-X k - z-`m-ha- pƒs°m-≈p- Hcn-SØv Iptd-t]¿ h´w IqSn-\n-ev°p-∂X - p-I≠p. AsX-s¥-∂d- n-bm≥ {]hm-N-
hm\pw AXns‚ hn`m-hn-Xe - £yw km£m¬°-cn-°m\pw Ignbq˛ Fs∂-√m- I≥ Hcmsf Ab®p. sIm√-s∏´ Hcp kv{XobpsS PUw AhnsS InS-°p-Ib - m-sW-
ap≈ A¿Y-Xe - ß- f - X- n-∂p≠v. ∂-dn-™t- ∏mƒ {]hm-NI - ≥ tNmZn®p:
a°-bn¬ apkve - nw-Iƒ Gsd bmX-\I - f
- \- p-`h
- n-®n-´p≠v. F∂n´pw Bbp-[s- a- ""kv{XoIƒ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn√. ]ns∂-sb-ßs\ Ahƒ bp≤-Øn¬
Sp-°m≥ \_n A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°-\p-aXn \evIn-bn√. aZo-\-bn¬ Ckvem-an-I-`- sIm√-s∏-´h - f- mbn?''
cWw cq]-s∏-´X - n\v tijw am{X-amWv˛AXpw Nne {]tXy-I- k-µ¿`-ßf - n-tebv°v Jmen-ZmWv ssk\ym-[n-]s- \-∂d- n-™t- ∏mƒ {]hm-NI - ≥ At±-lsØ Bf-
am{Xw˛bp≤m-\p-aXn \evIn-bXv; Gsdbpw hnizm-k k - zm-X{¥yw \nl-\n-°s- ∏-´- b®p hcpØn. kXyw a\- n-em-bt- ∏mƒ {]hm-NI - ≥ At±-lsØ cq£-ambn
t∏mƒ. F∂m¬ bp≤-cw-KØv sh®p-t]mepw kXy-[¿am-Zn-Is- f-°p-dn®v {]t_m- iIm-cn®p; Hcn-°epw CXm-h¿Øn-°c- p-sX∂v B⁄m-]n®p.
[\w \S-Øm≥ {]hm-NI - ≥ kzlm-_n-It- fm-Sm-hi - y-s∏-ń-cp∂p. i{Xp-°sf Np´p-sIm-√p∂ Incm-Xa- mb k{º-Zmbw A∂p \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-
kaq-lØ - ns‚ kmam-\y-amb t£aw km£m¬°-cn-°m-\m-hp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ cp∂p. {]hm-NI - ≥ AXv \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw AXn-s∂-Xnsc i‡-amb Xm°oXv
adp-]£ - Ø - n-\p-t\sc Bbp-[a- p-b¿Ø-cp-sX∂pw BXy-¥n-I h - n-iI - e- \ - Ø
- n¬ \evIp-Ib - p-ap-≠mbn.
a\p-jy-kvt\-l-am-bn-cn-°Ww AXn\v \nbm-a-I-sa∂pw Ckvemw \njvI¿jn- Hcn-°¬, \mep bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Imsc _‘-\-ÿ-cm°n {Iqc-ambn izmkw
°p∂p. ikv{X-{In-b°v `nj-Kz-c≥ IØn-bp-]t- bm-Kn-°p-∂Xv A{I-ah - n-Im-ct- Øm- apń®p sIm∂ kw`hw {]hm-NI - s‚ {i≤-bn¬s∏-´t- ∏mƒ, Hcp tImgn-°p-™m-
sS-b√, ]hn-{X-amb k¿Km-flI - - `m-ht- Øm-sS-bmWv. Bbp-[a- p-]t- bm-Kn-°m-\m-h- bm¬t]mepw Xm\Xv kln-°p-Ib - n-s√∂v hnIm-ch - n-£p-_[ v \- m-bn-∏d- ™ Xncp-
iy-s∏-Sp∂ kµ¿`-ßf - n¬ Ckvemw-kw-kI v r-Xn-bpsS Bfl-s\m-ºc- hpw hyXy- ta-\nsb as‰mcp hymJym-\Ø - n\v hnt[-b\ - m-°c- pXv.
kvXa- √. Bkp-ca- mb I¿aß-fc- t- ß-dp-Ibpw ssZhn-I\ - n-ba- ß - ƒ sh√p-hn-fn-°- {]hm-NI - s‚ lrZbw kq£n-∏p-Im-c\ - m-bn-cp∂ l{kØv A_q-_I - ¿ v Xs‚
s∏-Sp-Ibpw kaq-lØ - ns‚ kma-RvPk - yhpw kpkz-cX - bpw \jvSs - ∏-Sp-Ibpw ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ°v \evInb I¿i-\a- mb \n¿tZiw Ncn-{X-Ønse kp{]-[m-\a- mb hc-
sNøp-∂Xv \njv{In-ba- mbn, \n¿hn-Im-ca- mbn t\m°n-\nev°p-∂Xv jWvUX - z-am- sam-gn-If- n-sem-∂mWv:
sW∂v Ckvemw Z¿i\w {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. {kjvSm-thmSpw ka-{k-jvS-ß- ""NXn-t∏mcv \S-Øc- pXv. ]ng®v \oß-cpXv. Ipń-Is- ftbm kv{XoI-sftbm htbm-
tfmSpw X\n-°p≈ _m[yX A`wKw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ Hcp apk¬am≥ Xøm-dm- [n-Is- ctbm AwK-`wKw hcp-Øp-Itbm sIm√p-Itbm AcpXv. Cu¥-∏\ - a- c- tam
hWw. "Xms\m-‰-bn¬ {_“-]Zw sImXn-°p∂ Xt]m-\n[n'b√ kXy-th-Z -hn- êw Xcp∂ a‰p hr£-ßtfm shń \in-∏n-°c- pXv, A·n-°n-cb - m-°c- pXv. H´-I-
izmkn. ka-krjvSn kvt\lhpw AXn-eqsS km£m¬°-cn-°s- ∏-Sp∂ hniz k - m- ß-sftbm a‰v ]£n-ar-Km-Zn-Is- ftbm sIm∂p-If - b
- c- pXv.''
tlm-Zc- yhpw kXy-th-Z h - n-izm-kn-bpsS kap-÷z-eh - n-`m-h\ - I
- f - mWv. AIse Ign- apkve - nw-tk\ i{Xp-°s- ftbm Ahsc A\p-Iq-en-°p-∂h - s- ctbm sIm≈-b-
bp-∂h - \ - m-bm¬ t]mepw, Xs‚ kaq-lØ - nse Hcp \nc-]c- m-[n-bpsS ssIbn¬ Sn-°p-Itbm k‘n-Iƒ ewLn-°p-Itbm P\-ßsf AwK-`wKw hcp-Øp-Itbm
Nße hogp-tºmƒ AXv X\n-°p-≠mb ssI°p-cp-°m-sW-∂d- n-bp-hm\pw Hcp sNø-cp-sX∂v {]hm-NI - ≥ I¿i-\a- mbn hne-°n-bn-cp∂p. kv{XoIƒ, A‘¿,
\nc-]c- m-[n-bpsS ]pdØv a¿Z-\t- aev°p-tºmƒ AXns‚ t\mhv Xs‚ ]pd-Ø\ - p-`- Ipń-Iƒ, hr≤-P\ - ß
- ƒ, iøm-he - w-_n-If - mb tcmKn-Iƒ apX-em-bh - sc h[n-°m-
h-s∏-Sp-∂X - p-t]mse tXm∂p-hm\pw Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn°v Ign-bWw. hp-∂X - √. AwKlo\¿°pw Cu hn[n _m[IamWv. bp≤-cw-KØv H‰-s∏-´p-t]mb
Ckvemw A\p-hZ- n® bp≤-Øns‚ khn-tij {]IrXw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥, i{Xp-ssk-\n-Is- \bpw sIm√-cpXv, Ah-sc√mw Ahn-izm-kn-If - m-bn-cp-∂mepw.
{]hm-NI - \ - c- p-fnb bp≤-\n¿tZ-iß - ƒ {i≤n-®m¬ aXn: apkve - nw-Iƒ Hcp cmPy-tØmSv bp≤w sNøm-\p-d® - m¬ A{]-Xo-£n-Xa- m-bn-s®-
""Ipń-Is- fbpw kv{XoI-sfbpw sIm√-cpXv. i{Xp-°f - p-tS-Xmb H∂pw tamjvSn- ∂m-{I-an-°p∂ Aam-\y-Xt- bmSv Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn°v tbmPn-∏n√. BZyw kml-
°-cpXv. Ahsc sIm≈-bS- n-°c- pXv. \√Xv sNøpI; \√Xv sNøp-∂h - sc A√mlp N-cy-Øns‚ Kuchw t_m[y-s∏-SpØpw. ]ns∂ D]-tcm-[a- mbn. am\-km-¥c-s∏-
kvt\ln-°p∂p.'' (A_q-Zm-hqZv) Sm≥ ]ns∂bpw ka-ba- \ - p-hZ- n°pw. {]hm-NI - ≥ \mb-IX - z-sa-SpØ kI-e- bp-
Hcn-°¬ bp≤-Øn¬ sIm√-s∏´ Hcp kv{XobpsS arX-ic- ocw I≠-t∏mƒ [¿a- ≤-Øn-s‚bpw \S-]S- n-{Iaw AXm-bn-cp∂p. Ae-£y-ambn, AXn-em-Lh - t- ØmsS
cp-jvS\pw \ncp-≤I - W - vT\ - p-amb {]hm-NI - ≥, bp≤-Øn¬ kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipń-I- FSp-Øp-s]-cp-am-dm-hp∂ H∂√ kmbp-[- Pn-lmZv. kXy-th-Zs- Ø-°p-dn-®d- n-bmØ
sfbpw sIm√-cp-sX∂v I¿°-ia- mbn Xm°oXv sNøp-Ib - p-≠m-sb∂v Jeo^m kaq-lt- ØmSv kmbp-[- Pn-lmZv \S-Øm≥ ]mSn√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv apl-ΩZv \_n
Da¿ A\p-ka v c- n-®n-´p≠v. 13 h¿j-°mew a°-bn¬ Zpcn-Xß - t- f-sd-b\ - p-`h
- n-®n´pw kmbp-[- Pn-lm-Zn¬\n∂v
Hcn-°¬ {]hm-NI - ≥ bp≤-`q-an°v kao]w \nev°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. Ipd-®I - te ]q¿Wambpw hn´p-\n-∂Xv.
Ckvem-ans‚ Z¿i-\Ø - n¬ bp≤-sa-∂Xv lnwkm-flI - a- mb B{I-aW - Ø- ns‚ bmsX t]mIp∂p. Ccp-ńs‚ amdm-eI - ƒ XqØp-am-‰p-∂Xv Cuiz-ch - r-Øn-bm-bn-
Hcp {]I-S\ - a- √. hnImc˛hnNmc˛hrØn-If - n-e\- p-`h
- s- ∏-Sp∂ \oNhpw ZpjvShpw ∏-cn-Wa- n-°p-∂X - h- n-sS-bmWv. A√mlp Xs∂-tb-ev]n® ZuXyw t]mse Adn-hp-
lo\-hp-amb F¥n-t\m-Sp-ap≈ sNdp-Øp-\n-ev]m-WXv. hmfp-b¿ØpI F∂Xv ≈-h≥ AXn-√msX Ign-bp-∂h - s‚ ap∂n¬ Adn-hp-sIm-≠p≈ PnlmZv \n¿h-ln-
Pnlm-Zns‚ sshhn-[y-am¿∂ I¿a-Xe - ß- f - n-sem-∂p-am{Xw. apkvenw \nb-aß - f - n¬ °m≥ _m[y-ÿ\ - mWv. AXpw Hcp [¿a-kacw Xs∂. APvRm-\ X - n-ancw ImcWw
AX-dn-bs- ∏-Sp-∂Xv Znhy-kacw F∂-t]-cnepw. B‘yw _m[n-®-hs‚ IÆp-I-fn¬ ⁄m\m-RvP-\ -i-emI sIm≠v D∑o-e\-
""Hcp Znh-ks - a-¶nepw Ckvem-ans‚ AXn¿Øn kwc-£n-°pI F∂Xv apgp- hrØn \n¿h-ln-°p-∂Xv Pnlm-ZmWv; A‘-Xs- °-Xn-sc-bp≈ {]Im-iØ - ns‚ DZm-
tem-Is- Ø-°mfpw AXnse kI-ea- m-\- hn-`h - ß- s- f-°mfpw DØ-aa- t{X.'' Ø-amb t]mcm´w.
""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ ka-cØ - n\v ]pd-s∏-SpIhgn s]mSn-]p-c≠ ]mZ-ßsf Hcn- Cu t]mcm´w kam-cw-`n-t°-≠Xv X∂n¬Ø-s∂-bp≈ Ipcp-t£-{X-
°epw \c-Im·n kv]¿in-°p-Ib - n√.'' Øn¬sh®mWv. Adnhv hmcn-sb-dn-™m¬ Ah sN∂v A⁄-Xb - psS tIm´-sIm-
""apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ°v ]tcm-£a- m-sb-¶nepw klm-bk - l - I- c- W
- ß- ƒ \evIp-∂- Ø-fß - f - n¬ hnkvab - I
- c- a- mb kvt^mS-\ß - f - p-≠m-°p-sa∂v [cn-°c- pXv. Adnhv
hcpw Pnlm-Zn¬ ]¶m-fn-If - mWv.'' kºm-Zn-°p-Ibpw Ahsb a\-\-hr-Øn-bn-eqsS kzmwio-I-cn-°p-Ibpw AXn-
hy‡n-Iƒt°m kwL-S\ - I- ƒt°m tkz—m-\p-kmcw FSp-Øp-]t- bm-Kn-°m- eqsS ssIh-cp∂ Znhym-\p-`q-Xnsb Pohn-XØ - n-em-hn-jvIc- n-°p-Ibpw sNøm≥
hp∂ H∂√ kmbp-[ -Pn-lmZv. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv \nc-¥-c-amb el- Ign-™h - ¿t° kaq-lØ - nse A‘-Im-cØ - n-s\-Xnsc Adn-hns‚ hcm-bp-[a- p-
fbv°pw Ah-km-\n-°mØ B`y-¥c - I- e- m-]ß - ƒ°pw AXp-hgn Acm-PI - Xz- ]-tbm-Kn®v s]mcp-Xm≥ Ignbq. Pnlm-Zns‚ k¿thm¬Ir-jSv a- mb I¿a-{]-Ir-Xa- -
Øn\pw Imc-Wa- mbn `hn°pw. Ch-sbm∂pw Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS hn`m- XmWv; Jp¿B≥ \sΩ-bXv {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.
h-\I- f- √. AXn-\m¬ kmbp-[- Pn-lmZv {]Jym-]n-t°-≠Xv Ckvem-an-I `- c- W - m-[n-Im- ""hn⁄m\wsIm≠pw \√-Xmb XtØzm-]t- ZiwsIm≠pw \o P\-ßsf \ns‚
cn-If- m-sW∂v I¿a-im-k{v X- {K-Ÿß - ƒ {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. e£-Ws- amØ, `{Z- c£n-Xm-hns‚ am¿K-Øn-tebv°v £Wn-°pI. G‰hpw \√ D]m-[n-Iƒ aqew
amb Hcp Ckvem-anI Bÿm\w˛ cmjv{Sw˛\ne-hn¬ hcWw. B cmjv{S-Øe - h - \v Ah-tcmSv hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI.''(hn. Jp. 16: 125)
am{Xta kmbp-[ P - n-lmZv {]Jym-]n-°m-\[ - n-Im-ca- p≈q. kmbp-[- Pn-lm-Zn-\p≈ C{µn-bß - ƒ°-Sn-s∏´v £Wn-Ia- mb kpJm-kzm-Z\ - Ø- n-\mbn Pohn-XØ - ns‚
\n_-‘\ - I- f- n¬ hn[n-I¿Ømhv (lm°nw) D≠m-bn-cn-°W - s- a∂v \n¿_-‘a- p≠v. hn`m-hnX e£y-ßs- f-t∏mepw hnkvac- n-®p-Ig- n-bp-∂h - c- m-tWsd. tZtl-—I - ƒ°-
cmjv{S-Øe - h- s‚ Iev]\ - ° - \ - p-kc- W
- a- mbn i{Xp-]£ - sØ {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m\pw Sn-s∏´p Ign-bp-∂h - sc, C{µn-bß - f - psS Nß-es- °-´p-If - n¬\n∂v tamNn-∏n-°p-I-
Bh-iy-sa-¶n¬ {]Xym-{I-aW - Ø - n\pw apk¬am≥ A\p-hZ- n-°s- ∏-´h - \- mWv. ]t£, sb-∂Xv £n{]-km[y-a√. AXv km[n-°pI F∂-XmWv Pohn-XØ - nse G‰hpw
Ahn-cm-aa- mbn \njvI¿jn-°s- ∏-tS≠ H∂v F√mw ssZh-am¿K-Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww henb hnP-bs- a∂v Io¿Øn® Zm¿i-\n-I∑ - m-cp≠v.
F∂-Xt{X. tZtl-—I - ƒ°pw [\-tam-lß - ƒ°p-sa-Xnsc PnlmZv hnc¬Nq-≠p∂p. tZtl-
—-Isf Iogvs∏-Sp-ØpI F∂-XmWv henb PnlmZm (Pnlm-Zp¬ AIv_¿)bn
{]hm-NI - ≥ Io¿Øn-°p-∂Xv.
henb hmin-tb-dnb Hcp a’-cc- w-Ka- m-Wn∂v PohnXw. Cu a’-ct- h-Zn-bn¬ kz¥w
Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ kwc-£n-°p-hm≥ F¥pw-sN-øm≥ a\p-jy-\n∂v k∂-≤\ - mWv.
PnlmZv kpJm-kzm-Z\ - I
- p-Xp-In-bmb a\p-jy≥, C{µn-bß - ƒ Xpd-∂p-Im-´p∂ ùXn-IX - -
tZtl-—I- ƒs°-Xnsc bpsS ambn-It- em-IØ - n-te°v aØp-]n-Sn-t®m-Sp∂p. tZtl-—I
hn-sS-bmWv. a\p-jys‚ hcn-jTv a- mb hy‡n-kn-≤n-If
- ƒ ]pf-®p-Nm-Sp-∂X
- msI £Wn-Ihpw k¶p-Nn-
- -
Adn-hns‚ A`m-ha- mWv A\¿Y-ßƒs°√mw Ah-ew_w. \ΩpsS NnZm-Im-i- X-hp-amb Nne-Xn-\p-th≠n AhnsS tlman-°s- ∏-Sp∂p. a\- ns‚ ka-\ne t]mepw
Ønepw kaq-lØ - nepw A\p-£W - - hn-Ik
- z-ca- m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ {]Xn-`m-k- AhnsS Iogvta¬ adn-bp∂p. ""A√m-lp-hns‚ hgn-bn¬\n∂v a\p-jys\ sX‰n®pIf-
ß-sf-°p-dn®v Aev]ta \ap-°d- nbq. AXp-sIm≠v ImX-ed- n-bm≥, kq£va k - Xyw bp-∂Xv tZtl-—b - mWv.'' ""A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂p≈ Hcp am¿K-Z¿i-\h - p-an-√msX
{Kln-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-bp-∂n√. Cuiz-cm-kX v n-Xz-Øns‚ A\-¥- Zr-jSv m-¥ß - ƒ X∂n-jvSß - sf ]n≥Xp-Sc - p-∂h- s- \-°mƒ hgn-sX-‰n-bh - ≥ Bcp≠v'' F∂v Jp¿-
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-hm\pw A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n[n {]m]n-°m\pw \ap°v Ign- B≥ tNmZn-°p-tºmƒ, tZtl-—I - ƒ hcp-Øp∂ hn]¬°-ca- mb A\p-`h - ß - s- f-
°p-dn®v \ap°v sXfn™ Nn{Xw e`n-°p∂p.
44 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw henb PnlmZv tZtl-—-Iƒs°-Xnsc 45
a\- ns‚ Zu¿_-eyhpw Adn-hns‚ A`m-hhpwsIm≠mWv Hcmƒ tZtl-—°v F{X \n m-c≥ F∂v A\p-X] - n-°mØ hnNm-ca- X - n-If- n√.
hgn-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. tZtl— _p≤nsb Iogvs∏-Sp-Øp∂p. Nn¥m-i‡n AhnsS ac-hn- ""H∂n-∂p-an-√\ - ne, D∂-Xa- mb Ip∂p˛
°p∂p. Htc _nµp-hn¬ Ahs‚ _p≤n Xf-b° v s- ∏-´X- p-t]mse \nev°p∂p. Hcp sa∂√ Agn-bp-sam-cn-°¬ \in°pw.''
hkvXpthm-Sp≈ {àw Ah-\n¬ AXn-t\m-Sv AZ-ay-amb B`n-apJyw hf¿Øpw. F∂ {]]-©c- l - kyw hnfn-®d- n-bn-°mØ {]Xn-`m-im-en-If - p-an√.
At∏mƒ B hgn°v am{X-amhpw Ahs‚ Nn¥. tZtl— a\p-jys\ APvR- ""PnlmZv Hcp alm-bX - \v a- mWv, ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ alm-bXv\w. bp≤w F∂-
\m°n hgn-sX-‰n-°p-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠mWv: Xns\-°mƒ al-Øa- hpw hym]-Ih - p-amb Hc¿Y-Xe - a- X- n-\p≠v. k¶p-Nn-Xa- mb
""A[n-Ia- m-fp-Ifpw Hc-dn-hp-an-√msX Xß-fpsS X∂n-jvSß - f - \- p-kc - n®v P\- kzm¿Y-Nn-¥°pw Alw-t_m-[Ø - n-\p-sa-Xnsc s]mcp-Xp∂ [¿a-`S- \ - mWv apPm-
ßsf hgn-]n-g∏ - n-°p∂p.'' (A¬ A≥Bw: 119) lnZv.'' (C_v\p¬ Jønw)
tZtl-—I - f - psS Zpxkzm-[o-\Ø - n¬\n∂v hntam-Nn-X\ - m-hm-\p≈ am¿Kw Jp¿- ""ssZh-Øns‚ i{Xp-°ƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈ t]mcm´w Pnlm-Zns‚ sNdnb Hcp
B≥ Cßs\ \n¿tZ-in-°p∂p: `mKta BIp-∂p≈q. X\n-s°-Xnsc Xm≥ \S-Øp∂ Bfl-ka- c- a- mWv Pnlm-Zns‚
""GsXm-cmƒ Xs‚ \mYs‚ k∂n-[m-\sØ `b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw X∂n-jvS- t{]m÷z-e {- ]-IrXw. \ΩpsS a\- ns\ ASn-s∏-Sp-Øn h - m-gp∂ ZujvSy-hn-Nm-c-
Øn¬\n∂v ico-csØ hne-°p-Ibpw sNbvXpthm Ahs‚ kt¶Xw kz¿Kw ßƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈ Bflo-b k - a- c- a- m-WXv. kaq-lØ - n¬ \S-am-Sn-°g- n-bp∂ A[¿a-
Xs∂-bmWv.'' (A∂mknBØv: 47) I¿a-ßƒs°Xnsc ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ ê-{]-Za- mb t]mcm´w \S-Øp-∂X - n\v \sΩ
Bfl-ka- c - Ø - n\v Xøm-dm-Ip∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS {i≤bv°v hnt[-ba- m- {]m]vXc- m-°p-hm≥ AX-\n-hm-cy-amWv.'' (C_v\p¬Jønw)
tI≠ sshb-‡nI Zpxkz`m-hß - f - n-sem-∂mWv Alw-`mhw. ]c-k] v c- k- tv \-lsØ Bfl-ka- c - s
- a∂ A·n-]c - o-£b - n-eqsS sXfn-™p-b¿∂p-hc - p∂ a\p-jy≥
\in-∏n®v X¬ÿm-\Øv i{Xp-Xbpw A¥ivOn{Zhpw hf¿Øm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ Xs‚ kaq-lØ - n-e`- n-Z¿in-°s- ∏-Sp∂ Xn∑-Iƒs°-Xnsc Xs‚ a\ pw h]p pw
Hcp alm-im-]a- m-WXv. Alw-`mhn kz¥w Ip‰-ßf - p-sSbpw Ipd-hp-If - p-sSbpw Fßs\ {]tbm-Kn-°W - s- a∂ Imcy-Øn¬t∏mepw Jp¿-B≥ \njvI¿j ]men-°p-
t\sc IÆ-S®v kºq¿WX Nabpw. {]iw-kbpw kvXpXn-h-N-\-ß-fp-a-√msX ∂p≠v:
kZp-]t- Z-iß- s- fm∂pw Ahs‚ ImXp-If - n¬ ]Xn-bn√. X∂n-anØw hnZzm-∑m-cpsS ""{]mh-NI - tc, bp‡n-]q¿hw t{ijvTa- mb kZp-]t- Z-it- Øm-Sp-IqSn Xm¶-fpsS
⁄m\hpw alm-∑m-cpsS amXr-Ibpw {]tbm-P\ - s- ∏-Sp-ØmsX Ah≥ A⁄-X- \mYs‚ k∂n-[n-bn-te°v {]t_m-[\w sNøpI. D¬Ir-jSv a- mb coXn-bn¬ P\-ß-
bp-sSbpw Zp¿am¿K-Øn-s‚bpw im]-`q-an-bn-te°v ]m™-Sp-°p∂p. tfmSv kwhmZw sNøpI. Xs‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v hyXn-Ne - n-®h- c- m-sc∂pw k∑m¿K-
""`qan-bn¬ A\ym-ba- mbn Al-¶c- n-°p-∂h - sc Fs‚ ZrjvSm-¥ß - f - n¬ \n∂v Nm-cn-If- m-sc∂pw IqSp-X¬ \∂m-bd- n-bp-∂h - ≥ Xm¶-fpsS \mY≥ Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p.
Rm≥ sX‰n-®p-If - bpw. Ah¿ GXv ZrjvSm¥w I≠mepw hniz-kn-°p-Ib - n√. \nßƒ {]Xn-Imcw sNøp-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ A{I-an-°s- ∏-´Xv GX-fh - n-emtWm
t\¿am¿Kw I≠m¬ AXns\ hgn-bmbn Ah¿ kzoI-cn-°p-Ib - n√. ]ng® am¿Kw A{X-am{Xw sNbvXp-sIm-≈pI. F∂m¬ \nßƒ £an-°p-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬, £an-
I≠m¬ AXns\ hgn-bmbn kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.'' (A¬ AAvdm^v: 146) °p-∂h - s\ kw_-‘n-t®-St- Ømfw AXp-Xs- ∂-bmWv t{ijvTw. {]hm-NI - tc, £a-
Al-¶m-cØ - ns‚ A¿Y-iq-\y-Xs- b-°p-dn®v kXy-thZw hni-Zo-Ic- n-°p-∂p≠v. tbmsS {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≈pI. Xm¶-fpsS £am-ioew A√m-lp-hns‚ DX-hn-bn¬
kuµcyw, Imb-_ew, kºØv, {]Xm]w XpS-ßnb ku`m-Ky-{]-Xn-`m-kß - s- f√mw am{X-am-Ip∂p. Ah-cpsS Ne-\ß - s - f-s®m√n hyYn-Xc - m-hm-Xn-cn-°pI. Ah-cpsS
£Wn-Ihpw \iz-ch - p-am-sW∂ kXyw \mw Hm¿°p-sa-¶n¬ Al-¶m-cØ - ns‚ IpX-{¥-ßt- fm¿Øv a\x-t¢-ihpw th≠m. \n›bw `‡n ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw
\nc¿Y-IX \ap°v t_m[y-amIpw. kpIr-Xß - f- m-Nc- n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂h - c- mtcm Ah-cp-sS I - q-sS-bm-Ip∂p A√mlp.''
""Al-¥t- bmsS `qan-bn¬ \o \S-°c- pXv. \o Hcn-°epw `qansb ]nf¿°p-I- (A∂-l¬ v : 125˛128)
bn√. \of-Øn¬ ae-tbm-fs- a-Øp-Ib - p-an√.'' (A¬ CkvdmAv: 37) C{µn-bh - n-t[-bXzwsIm≠v, Bfl-]u-cpjw sI´v ASn-ab - m-bn-°g- n™ Hcm-
""]Øp In´p-In¬ \qdp-aX - n-sb∂pw fn¬, Al-¶m-chpw AXn-tam-lhpw hnf-™p-\n-ev°p∂ a\- n¬ kzXz-t_m[w
iX-am-In¬ kl{kw aXn-sb∂pw {]Im-in-°m≥ {]bm-ka- p≠v. kzXz-t_m-[Ø - ns‚ {]Im-i] - Y- Ø - n-eqsS am{Xta
Bbncw ]Ww Iøn-ep-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ kXy-th-Za- p-Ztv Lm-jn-°p∂ Pohn-X] - q¿WX-bn-te°v˛A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-k∂ - n-
Abp-Xa- m-In-em-›cy''˛sa∂pw [n-bn-te°v˛ sNs∂-Øm≥ Ignbq.
IcpXn Bim-]m-iØ - n¬\n∂v ]nSn-hn-SmsX s]mßm≥ {ian-°p∂ a\p-jy≥ Xn∂pI, IpSn-°pI, Ima-]q¿Øn km[n-°pI XpS-ßnb tZtl-—I - ƒ [¿a-
coXym \njn-≤-am-sWt∂m Ahsb \ntcm-[n-®p -\n¿Ø-W-sat∂m Ckvemw _p-≤nsb \n¿am¿P\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠m-hW - s- a∂pw Aßs\ A·n-ip≤n hcp-
kwkvIrXn Icp-Xp-∂n√. Ima-t{Im-[t- am-lß - s- fms° kl-Pa- m-sW∂pw Ckvemw Ønb hnip≤ hy‡n-Xz-ßƒ°p am{Xta Xß-fpsS kaq-l-Ønepw temI-
Icp-Xp∂p. ""sFln-I- Po-hn-XØ - n¬ \ns‚ Hmlcn \o ad-∂p-If - b
- c - pXv'' (A¬ Ønepw Ckve - m-ans‚ apJ-Im-¥n b- Y
- m-tbmKyw {]Im-i\w sNøm≥ km[n-°p-I-
Jkz-kzv: 77) F∂pw \mw \nßƒ°v \evInb DØ-a -]-Zm¿Y-ß-fn¬\n∂v \o bp-≈q-sh∂pw kXy-hn-izmkn Icp-Xp∂p. taml-ßsf sacp-°nbpw C—-Isf
`£n-®p-sIm-≈pI'' (A¬ AA-vdm^v: 160) F∂pw ""\_o, ]d-bpI: A√m-lp- \nb-{¥n®pw B{K-lß - f - n¬ B[n-]Xyw ÿm]n®pw, Pohn-XsØ ssZh-\n¿tZ-i-
hns‚ Zmk-∑m¿°v th≠n D¬]m-Zn-∏n-®n-´p≈ Ae-¶m-cß - fpw DØ-a `- £ - W - ] - - ßƒ°-\p-cq-]a- m-°pI F∂ {iaw Pnlm-ZmWv. hnZym-`ymkw, kZp-]t- Ziw, kZm-
Zm¿Y-ßfpw BcmWv \njn-≤a- m-°p-∂Xv?'' (A¬ AA-dv m^v: 32) F∂pw A\p-im- Nm-c {- ]-h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ, kmwkvIm-cn-I {- i-aß
- ƒ˛ F√mw kq£vam¿Y-Øn¬ Pnlm-
kn-°p∂ kXy-thZw euIn-I h - n-`h
- ß
- f - \- p-`h - n-°m≥ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°-\p-aXn ZmWv. Hcn-°¬ {]hm-NI - ≥ Cß-s\-bd- n-bn®p:
\evIp-∂p≠v. hy‡n Xs‚ Pohn-X [ - ¿asØ hnkvac - n-°m-sXbpw am\p-jy-I- ""A√m-lp-hns‚ hN\w D∂-Xa- m-bn-Øo-cm≥ kacw sNøp-∂h - \
- mWv ssZh-
Øns‚ hnim-e X - m¬]-cy-Øn\v AXyp-∂X - - ]-cn-KW
- \ \evInbpw Xs‚ hn`m-h- am¿K-Ønse t]mcmfn'' (_pJmcn˛apkvenw). Ckvem-sa-∂Xv hniz-am-\hn-I- Z¿i-
\-I-sfbpw hnIm-c-ß-sfbpw tZtl-—-I-sfbpw \nb-{¥n-°-W-sat∂ kXy- \-am-sW-¶n¬ hy‡n-bp-sSbpw IpSpw-_Ø - n-s‚bpw kaq-lØ - n-s‚bpw cmjv{S-
thZw \njvI¿jn-°p-∂p≈q. Aßs\ \nb-{¥n®v AXyp-∂X - n-bn-te-°p≈ {]bm- Øn-s‚bpw {]hn-im-eX - b - m¿∂ temI-Øn-s‚bpw Ckvem-ao-Ic - W- Ø- n-∂p≈
W-Øn\v {]m]vX\ - m-hW - s - a∂v Jp¿-B≥ \n¿tZ-in-°p∂p. P∑m-bØ - - hm-k\ - - {ia-ßf - J
- n-ehpw Pnlm-ZmWv. F√mw ssZh-ln-XØ - n-∂\
- p-kr-Xa- m-°n- am-‰m-\p≈
Isf thtcmsS ]ngp-Xp-If - b - mt\m \ntcm-[n-°mt\m \ap°v km[y-as- √∂v B[p- \nXm-¥a- mb ]cn-{i-aa- mWv PnlmZv.
\n-I a- \ximkv{Xw \sΩ-bd- n-bn-°p∂p. At∏mƒ \nb-{¥-Whpw hn]p-eo-Ic- W - -
hp-amWv Ah-ew-_n-°m-hp∂ am¿K-ßƒ. Iem˛ kmln-Xy k - ] - c- y-If - psS {]tbm-
P-\a- X- mWv. (hnIm-ch - n-ae- o-Ic- Ww, IYm¿kn v˛Ch-sb√mw D∂wshbv°p-∂Xpw
AXp-Xs∂.) AXp-hgn kwkvIr-X a- \
\n¿h-ln®v bYm-hn[n kaq-lX
- p-jy≥ ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-°p∂p. Pohn-X [
- m-¬]cyw ]cn-c£ - n®p t]mcp-∂h - s- \-bmWv kwkvIr-
- ¿aw [¿a-I¿a
X-Nn-Ø≥ F∂v \mw hnfn-°p-∂Xv. \
- n¿hlWw˛
Bfl-\n-b{- ¥Ww hn´v, kpJ-t`m-Kß - f - psS ]n∂mse, hn{`m-aI
Sn-®p-g-dp-∂-h≥, A√mlp Ah-\n-e¿∏n® Znhy-ZuXyw hnkva-cn®v arK-Xpeyw
- a- mbn, aØp-]n- PnlmZv
Pohn-°p∂p F∂v Jp¿-B≥ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂p≠v. krjvSn-If - n¬ t{ijvT- A√m-lp-hns‚ hN\w AZzn-Xo-bhpw AXyp-∂X- h - p-am-Im≥ kXy-hn-izmkn \S-
\mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-°s- ∏´ a\p-jy\v KXn-hn-]c- ybw kw`-hn-®p-Iq-sS∂v Ckvemw Øp∂ D]m-k\ - b
- mWv PnlmZv. Pnlm-Zns‚ kmêyw a\p-jy-ka- q-lØ - ns‚
\njvI¿jn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Xs‚ k¿K-kn-≤nsb Xf¿Øp-Ibpw X∂n¬ kmtlm-Zc - y-Ønepw ka-\z-b- `m-hØ - nepw kma-RvPk - y-Ønepw ]cn-\n-jvTn-X-
ss]im-Nn-IXzw hf¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ DNvOrwJe-amb Al-¶m-cØ - n\pw amWv.
tZtl-—I - ƒ°p-sa-Xnsc t]mcmSn Id-b‰ Bfl-hocyw hf¿Øm\pw BZ¿tim-∑p- Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knsb kw_-‘n-t®-St- Ømfw hnip-≤- hr-Øn-If - m-bn-Ic- p-X-
J-amb e£y-t_m-[a- p-W¿Øm\pw ]cn-{i-an-°Ww. kzPo-hn-XsØ e£y-kw- s∏-Sp∂ \a-kvImcw, t\mºv, kImØv F∂nh t]mse kp{]-[m-\a- mb as‰m-
{]m-]\ - Ø
- n-\p≈ i‡-amb am[y-aa- m-°n-∏c- n-h¿Øn-∏n-°m≥ At∏mƒ am{Xta ∂mWv PnlmZv. Xo{h-ambn ]cn-{i-an-°pI XpS-ßnb A¿Y-Xe - ß
- f- p≈ PlZ
km[n-°p-Ib - p≈q. AXp-sIm-≠mWv X∂n-eS- b - n´v InS-°p∂ arKo-bX - bv°pw F∂ Ad_n ]Z-Øn¬\n∂mWv PnlmZv F∂ kmt¶-Xn-I\ - maw ]nd-°p-∂Xv.
ss]im-Nn-IX - b- °v p-sa-Xnsc Xm≥ \S-Øp∂ \nc-¶p-ihpw \n¿Zm-£n-Wy-hp-amb AXp-sIm≠v Ae-ka- mbn, AXn-em-Lh - t- ØmsS sNøm-s\m-°p∂ Hcp km[m-
Bfl-kacw G‰hpw henb PnlmZm (Pnlm-Zp¬ AIv_ - ¿)bn Io¿Øn-°s- ∏-Sp- cW IrXy-ambn Pnlm-Zns\ hne-bn-cp-Øn-°qSm. A{X-ta¬ {ia-km-[y-amb Pnlm-
∂Xv. {]hm-NI - ≥ Hcn-°¬ ]d™p: Zns‚ \n¿h-lW - Ø - n¬ _p≤nbpw a\ pw Bflm-hp-sa√mw GI-{X- k-a\ - z-bn-
""kz¥w ico-ct- ØmSv kacw sNøp-∂h - \- mWv apPm-lnZv.'' (Xn¿anZn) °Ww. at\m-hm-KI v ¿am-Zn-{Xn-Ic- W
- ß
- fpw AXn-te-°p-∑p-Ja- m-hWw. PnlmZv ssZh-
Ckvemw Hcp ssZhn-I -Z¿i-\-am-sW∂pw AXns‚ kp\n-b-X-amb hym]- am¿K-Øn-ep≈ Hc-\p-jTv m-\a- mWv. ssZhn-I h - n-`m-h\- I
- sf km£m¬°-cn-°p-∂-
\hpw km£m¬°m-chpw kam-cw-`n-°p-∂Xv hy‡n-If - n¬ \n-eo-\a- mb Alw- Xn-∂p≈ [¿a-Zu-Xy-hp-am-WXv.
Ckve - m-anI Z¿i\ inev]ß - f - n¬ AXn-{]-[m-\a- mb ÿm\-ØmWv PnlmZv Ah-Xm-cß - f- psS [¿a-I¿a-ßsf kw_-‘n®v `K-hZvKo-Xb - n¬ sXfn™
h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv. Jp¿-B\pw lZo-kp-Ifpw AXns‚ {]m[m\yw ]e-hpcp Io¿Øn- Nne ]cm-a¿i-ßf - p≠v:
®n-´p≠v. k÷-\ß - sf kwc-£n-°Ww
AXn-al - Ø- mb Hcp e£y-Øns‚ km£m¬°-cW - Ø- n-\p-th≠n Imbn-I- Zp¿÷-\ß - sf kwl-cn-°Ww
amtbm am\-kn-Ia- mtbm kXy-hn-izmkn \n¿h-ln-°p∂ {ia-ßfpw AXn-∂mbn F∂n´v [¿akw-ÿm-]\w km[n-°Ww.
km[n-°p∂ B¿Yn-I h - y-bß - ƒ t]mepw kq£vam¿Y-Øn¬ Pnlm-ZmWv. kzm¿Y- AXp-t]mse [¿a-kw-ÿm-]\ - a- mWv Pnlm-Zns‚ hn`m-hn-X e - £yw. AXn-∂\ - n-
Øn-s‚bpw k¶p-Nn-XX - z-Øn-s‚bpw hnZq-c k - v]¿iw t]mepw Pnlm-Zns‚ \ndw hm-cy-am-sW-¶n¬ bp≤hpw {]tbm-P\ - s- ∏-Sp-ØWw.
sISp-Øp-sa∂v {]hm-NI - ≥Xs∂ Xm°oXv \evIn-bn-´p≠v. F∂m¬ Ai-\n-]mXw t]mse A{]-Xo-£n-Xa- mb Hcp bp≤ {]Jym-]\ - Ø- n-eq-
ssZhn-I h - n-`m-h\
- I
- f - psS km£m¬°m-cØ - n\v kzbw ka¿∏n-°m≥ t]mcpw- sS-b√ PnlmZv \n¿h-ln-t°-≠Xv. {]hm-NI - s‚ Pohn-XI - Y {i≤n-®m¬ hy‡-
hn[w BZ¿i-h¬°-cn-°s- ∏´ H∂mWv apkvenw kap-Zm-bs- a∂v Jp¿-B≥ DZvtLm- amb aq∂v L´-ßƒ Pnlm-Zns‚ ]S-hp-If - mbn Is≠-Øm-hp-∂X - mWv.
jn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v kXy-th-Z h - n-izm-kn-If - p-tSXv ssZh-Øm¬ kwhn-[m\w BZy-tØXv {]Nm-cW - Ø - ns‚ Ime-amWv. icnbpw sX‰pw Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn´v
sNø-s∏´ kap-Zm-ba- mbn. Jp¿-B\ - nI kao-]\ - a- \ - p-kc- n®v ka-jSv n-bpsS tamN- thWw kaq-lsØ icn-bn-te-°m-I¿jn-°m≥. \ne-hn-ep≈ {]mIr-Xhpw A]-cn-
\-Øn\pw temI k - m-tlm-Zc- y-Øns‚ {]tbm-Kh - ¬°-cW - Ø- n-\p-ambn {]h¿Øn- jvIr-Xhpw lo\-hp-amb BNm-c- hn-izm-kß - s- f-°p-dn®v P\-ßsf [cn-∏n-°p-
°m≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v _m[y-Xb - p≠v. AXp-sIm≠v PnlmZv apkve - nw-ka- q- Ibpw kXy-th-ZØ - ns‚ KpW-]c- X t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw AXv GI-ssZ-hX - z-
l-Øns‚ khn-ti-j[ - ¿aam-sW∂p hcp∂p. Xs‚ _p≤nbpw ico-chpw a\ pw Øn-tebv°v \sΩ \bn-°p∂p F∂-dn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-Ib - mWv {]hm-NI - ≥
A¿YmZn euInI kml-Nc- y-ßf - p-sa√mw {]tbm-P\ - s- ∏-SpØn PnlmZv \n¿h-ln- BZy-am-bn s- N-bvXXv. Jpssd-in-If - nepw bmYm-ÿn-Xn-Ic- nepw ÿm]n-X- Xm-¬]-
°p-tºmƒ am{X-amWv Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn Xs‚ PohnXw k^-eo-Ic- n-°p-∂Xpw cy-°m-cnepw ]pXnb aX-Z¿i\w {`m¥p-fh - m°n. FXn¿∏p-If - m-cw-`n®p iIm-chpw
Pohn-X[ - ¿aw ]q¿Øo-Ic- n-°p-∂Xpw. AXp-sIm≠mWv C_v\p-dpivZv ""Hcp apkvenw `¿’-\hpw˛{Ia-Øn¬ B{I-aW - hpw Ac-tßdn.
Xs‚ kI-e- I-gn-hp-If - p-ap-]t- bm-Kn®p sNøp∂ ]hn-{X-Xa- a- mb k¿h-tXm-∑p-J - Pnlm-Zns‚ c≠mw-L´w Bcw-`n-°p-Ib - mbn. {]hm-NI - \pw kl-Nm-cn-Ifpw
k-ac- a- mWv PnlmZv'' F∂v {]kvXm-hn-®Xv. ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ Hcp hy‡n ka¿∏n- Xß-fpsS at\m-hm-°¿a-ßf - psS hnip≤nsIm≠pw £abpw kl-\hpw {]tbm-
°p∂ kakvX {ia-ßƒ°pw kl-\ß - ƒ°pw XymK-ßƒ°p-amWv kmt¶-Xn-I- P-\s- ∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠pw F√m-Xcw B{I-aW - ß - s- fbpw {]Xn-tcm-[n®p. {]tem-`\ - -
ambn PnlmZv F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv. ßƒsIm≠v hgn-am-‰m≥ {ian® _‘p-P\ - ß - t- fmSv kuay-ambn kwh-Zn-®p-sIm≠v
PnlmZv A√m-lp-hn-s\-Xn-scbp≈ kI-e i - ‡ - n-It- fm-Sp-ap≈ ka-ca- m-sW∂pw hnizm-k- ssÿcyw ImWn-°m-\h - ¿°v km[n®p. B{I-aW - Ø - ns‚ Fcn-Xo-bn¬
Cu ka-cØ - ns‚ {it≤-ba- mb Ah-ew-_i - ne aln-Xm-Z¿i-ßf - m-sW∂pw AXn- s]mcn-bp-tºmgpw "AlZv, AlZv' Dcp-hn-´p-sIm≠v AZv`p-Xß - ƒ krjvSn-°m-\-
\m¬ B[ym-flnI {]tNm-Zn-Xa- mb ka-cta Pnlm-ZmIq F∂pw kXy-th-Zn-Iƒ h¿°v Ign™p. D]-tcm-[Ø - ns‚ Dcp-°p-ap-jvSn-If - p-]t- bm-Kn®v Jpssd-in-Iƒ
hniz-kn-°p∂p. {Iqc-ambn s]cp-am-dn-b-t∏mgpw kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ A·n-i-em-I-I-sf-t∏mse
""hniz-kn-®h - tc, \nßƒ ]q¿W-ambpw kam-[m-\Ø - n¬ {]th-in-°pI. ]nim- \_nbpw A\p-Nc- ∑ - mcpw ASn-]X - d- msX Pzen-®p-\n∂p. {]Xn-tcm-[Ø - ns‚ \n¿∂n-
Nns‚ Imev]m-Sp-Iƒ \nßƒ ]n≥Xp-Sc- c- pXv. Ah¿ \nß-fpsS _≤-i{- Xp-°f - m- {Z \
- n-an-jß- f- m-bn-cp∂p Ah. A°m-eØv kln-sI´v Zp¿h-lZ- pxJw s]mdm™
Ip∂p.'' (A¬_-Jd: 208) A\p-Nc- ∑ - m¿ {]hm-NI - k- ∂- n-[n-bn¬s®∂v bp≤m-\p-aX - n-°mbn Ic-™t- ]-£n-
apk¬ams‚ klP {]IrXw kam-[m\ {]h-W-amWv. adn®p ImWp-∂- ®n-´p≠v. Xncp-ta-\n-sbm-∂p-cn-bm-Sn-bm¬ aXn th≠Xv Rßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≈m-
sX√mw KXn-{`w-iØ - ns‚ ê-ßf - p-amWv. C∂v tIhew Hu]-Nm-cn-Ihpw bm{¥n- sa∂v Ah¿ Bh¿Øn-®d- n-bn-°p-Ib - p-≠mbn. At∏m-sg√mw £an-°m\pw kln-
I-hp-ambn amdn-bn-´p-s≠-¶nepw ""\nßƒ°v kam-[m-\a- p-≠m-hs´'' (A -emap °m-\p-amWv \_n D]-tZ-in-®Xv. HSp°w kXy-hn-izm-kn-Is- fbpw {]hm-NI - s- \bpw
Asse°pw) F∂m-iw-kn-®p-sIm-≠m-cw-`n-°p∂ hy‡n-hy-hl - m-cß - ƒ kXy-hn- ap®qSpw \in-∏n-°p-sa∂ \ne h∂-t∏mƒ aZo-\b - nse Iptd kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
izm-kn-If - psS am{Xw khn-ti-jX - b- mWv. \a-kI v m-cI - ¿a-ßf - n¬\n∂v Hmtcm {]mh- \_n-sbbpw A\p-Nc- ∑ - m-scbpw kwc-£n-°m-sa-∂d- n-bn®v DS-ºSn sNbvXp. IpSn-
iy-ap-Wc- p-tºmgpw kao-]ÿ - sc t\m°n \nßƒ°v kam-[m-\hpw Imcp-Wy-hp-ap- tb‰w (lnPvd) \S∂p. AtXmsS apkvenw-Iƒ°v `{Z-amb Hcp kwc-£W - t- I{µw
≠m-hs´ F∂m-iw-kn-°p-∂Xv {]m¿Y\sIm≠v hna-eo-Ic- n-°s- ∏´ Pohn-XØ - ns‚ ssIh∂p.
{]Y-a- kz-ca- mbn amdp-Ib - mWv. ASp-ØXv Pnlm-Zns‚ aq∂m-asØ L´-amWv. bp≤-Øn-\p≈ t_m[\w
50 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw 51
A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂p-≠m-bXv A°m-eØ - mWv. A{I-an-°s- ∏-´h - ¿°v bp≤m-\p-aXn \mtam¿°p-sa-¶n¬ a\p-jy-cpsS t£a-Øn\pw hnIm-kh - r-≤n-Iƒ°pw D]-tbm-
ssIh∂p. kz¥w \mń¬\n∂pw hoń¬\n∂pw Xßsf {`jvSc- m-°n-bh - t- cmSv Kn-°s- ∏-Sm-\p-≈X - mWv kºØv F∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ hnj-aa- p-≠m-hn√. ssZh-
s]mcp-Xm-\\ - p-aXn e`n®p. kXy-th-ZØ - ns‚ \nXy-i{- Xp-°ƒs°-Xnsc Bbp-[s- a- am¿K-Øn¬ kºØv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-SWw. AYhm kº-Øns‚ icn-bmb
Sp-°m≥ A\p-aXn ssIh-∂n-cn-°p∂p. hn\n-tbmKw AhnsS am{Xta km£m¬°-cn-°s- ∏-Sp-∂p≈q. AXn-\m¬ AXpw
""B¿s°-Xn-cn¬ bp≤w \S-Øs- ∏-Sp-∂pthm Ah¿°v A\p-aXn \evIs- ∏-ń-cn- Hcp Pnlm-ZmWv. bYm-hn[n kIm-Ø\ - p-kc - n-®m¬ A¿YwsIm≠p≈ Pnlm-Zm-
°p∂p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Ah¿ a¿Zn-Xc- m-Ip∂p. A√mlp Ahsc klm-bn- sb∂v Icp-Xp-∂Xv auVy-amWv. kImØv Hcm-fpsS HuZm-cy-as - √∂pw kXy-hn-
°m≥ XnI®pw Ign-hp-‰h - ≥ Xs∂. kztK-lß - f
- n¬\n∂v A\ym-ba- mbn _ln- izmkn k\n-jI v ¿jw A\p-h¿Øn-t°≠ _m[y-Xm-]q¿h-amb A\p-jTv m-\a- m-
jvIc- n-°s- ∏-´h - c- m-Wh
- ¿. Rß-fpsS d∫v A√m-lp-hm-Ip∂p F∂v {]Jym-]n-®Xv W-sX∂pw AXv ]mh-s∏-´h - s‚ Ah-Im-ia- m-sW∂pw [cn-°p-sa-¶n¬ AXns‚
am{X-am-bn-cp∂p Ah¿ sNbvX Ip‰w. A√mlp P\-ß-fn¬ Hcp hn`m-KsØ tIh-ea- mb A\p-h¿Ø\w Pnlm-Zm-sW∂v hymJym-\n-°s- ∏-Sp-Ib - n√. {]Jym-]n-
as‰mcp hn`m-Ks- Ø-s°m≠v {]Xn-tcm-[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ X-amb A\p-jvTm-\ß - ƒ°-∏p-dØv, Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn- hn-fb - n-s®-SpØ
A√m-lp-hns‚ \maw [mcm-fa- mbn kvacn-°s- ∏-Sp∂ aT-ßfpw N¿®p-Ifpw {]m¿Y- aln-X k - w-kvIm-cØ - m-em-th-in-Xa- mbn A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ Poh-[\ - m-Zn-
\m-eb - ß
- fpw ]≈n-Ifpw XI¿°-s∏-´p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p. A√m-lp-hns\ klm- IƒsIm≠v kzbw \n¿h-ln-°p∂ kwtk-N\ - hpw ka¿∏-Wh - p-amWv PnlmZv
bn-°p-∂h - sc Ah≥ klm-bn-°pIXs∂ sNøpw.'' (A¬ l÷v: 39˛40) hn`m-h\ sNøp-∂Xv.
Bbp-[a- mWv Pnlm-Zns‚ GI am[yaw F∂ [mcW Akw-_‘ - a- mWv. Ah- ""hniz-kn® P\-Øn¬ \ymb-amb Imc-Wa- n-√msX hoń-en-cn-°p-∂h - cpw Xß-
kcw, HuNnXyw, hnthIw F∂o am\-ZW - U
v ß - ƒ°-\p-kr-Xa- mbn Xs‚ ssIbn- fpsS Poh-[\ - m-Zn-If- n¬ ssZhn-Ik - c- W
- n-bn¬ kacw sNøp-∂h - cpw Hcp-t]m-se-
ep≈ ka-kX v - kn-≤n-Ifpw Pnlm-Zns‚ hnP-bØ - n-\m-bp-]t- bm-Ks- ∏-SpØmw. ]t£, b√. Poh-[\ - m-Zn-IƒsIm≠v kacw sNøp-∂h - sc \njv{In-bc- m-bn-cn-°p-∂h - sc-
ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ \n¿h-lW - a- mWv Pnlm-sZ∂pw A√mlp F√m-ad- n-bp-∂h - - °mƒ A√mlp t{ijvTc- m-°n-bn-´p≠v. F√m-h¿°pw A√mlp \∑ hmKvZm\w
\m-sW∂pw ad-°m-Xn-cn-°W - s- a∂p am{Xw. Bbp-[s- a-Sp-ØS- c- m-Sm≥ \n¿_-≤\ - m- sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶nepw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ apPm-ln-Zp-If - psS tkh-\ß - ƒ°p≈ {]Xn-
bn-Øo-cp∂ A¥y-L-´-Øn¬ t]mepw Hcp \nan-j-sa-¶nepw ssZh- hn-kvarXn êw shdp-sX-bn-cn-°p-∂h - c- p-tS-Xn-s\-°mƒ hfsc h¿[n-®X - m-Ip∂p. Ah¿°v
kw`-hn-®p-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥ bp≤-`q-an-bn¬ Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knsb \n¿Øn {]m¿Y- al-Ømb ]Z-hn-Ifpw ]m]-ap-‡nbpw A\p-{K-lß - f - p-ap≠v.'' (A∂nkmAv: 95)
\m-I¿aw \n¿h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°m≥ \njvI¿j ImWn-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I- kuayhpw \n»-_Zv hpw \nc-¥c- h - p-amb {]Im-i{- ]-km-cWwsIm≠v kmbq-Py-
fpsS ]£Øv Bbp-[Ø - ns‚ Zpcp-]t- bm-Ka- p-≠m-hp-Ib - n-s√-∂p-d∏- n-°p-∂X- mWv a-Sb
- p∂ sagp-Ip-Xncn Id-b‰ Pnlm-Zns‚ Nn{X-amWv kΩm-\n-°p-∂Xv.
icn. Ae-kX - b - p-sSbpw Zp¿_-eX - b- p-sSbpw a\ v ]nim-Nns‚ Ifn-°f - a- m-sW-
Adn-hp-sIm≠pw s∂mcp sNm√p≠v. ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ apt∂-‰Ø - n¬ Ak-Xy-hm-Zn-Iƒ Ak-
A¿YwsIm≠pw ln-jW v p-°f - m-bn-cn°pw. Ah¿ Im´p∂ A]-Ir-Xn-Iƒ AXy¥w hn]¬°-cß - -
a\xkn≤nsIm≠pw fp-am-bn-cn°pw. Ah-cp-b¿Øp∂ {]tem-`\ - ß - ƒ AXn-i‡ - ß - f - p-amhmw. Xc-fN - n-
Imb-_ewsIm≠pw Ø-\m-hmsX, ssZhn-Im-Z¿i-ßf - m-em-th-in-X\ - mbn, AXn-eq-∂n-bp-b¿∂p-\nev°p∂
c‡-km-£nXzwsIm≠pw Hc-New t]mse, AN-©e - a- mbn \ne-sIm-≈m≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn°v Ign-bWw.
PnlmZv km[n-°m-hp-∂X - mWv. Ccp-fn¬ Ign-bp-∂h - sc t\¿hgn Imń ssZh- Hcp apPm-ln-Zns‚ [¿a-aX - mWv.
am¿K-Øn-tebv°v \bn-°p-∂X - mWv Adn-hns‚ PnlmZv. ""Hm hniz-kn-®-htc, £a-tbmsS {]h¿Øn-°pI. Ak-Xy-Øns‚ hml-
""{]hm-NI - tc, bp‡n-]q¿h-ambpw t{ijvTa- mb kZp-]t- Z-it- Øm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw I¿s°-Xnsc [oc-cm-bn-cn-°pI. kXy-tk-h\ - Ø - n\v kºq¿W-k∂ - ≤ - c- m-bn-cn-°pI.
Xm¶-fpsS \mYs‚ kc-Wn-bn-te°v {]t_m-[\w sNøpI. D¬Ir-jSv a- mb coXn- A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv `‡n-bp-≈h - c- m-bn-cn-°pI. \nßƒ°v hnPbw {]Xo-£n°mw.''
bn¬ P\-ßt- fmSv kwhmZw sNøpI.'' (A∂-lv¬: 125) (Bep-Cw-dm≥: 200)
]W-Øns‚ Zpcp-]t- bmKw t]mseØs∂ \njn-≤a- mWv ]W-Øns‚ \ncp-]- \nc-]c- m-[n-Iƒ°pw k≤¿a-Nm-cn-Iƒ°p-sa-Xnsc ssItb-‰tam B{I-aW - tam
tbm-Khpw. ]Ww D]-tbm-Ks- ∏-Sp-Øm-\p-≈X - mWv. F√m-‰n-s‚bpw DS-am-hI - miw \S-°p-tºmƒ, \∑-bn-te-°p≈ {]bm-WØ - n\v GsX-¶nepw ZpjvSi - ‡n XS-bW - -
A√m-lp-hn\pw D]-t`m-Km-h-Imiw a\p-jy-km-am-\y-Øn-\p-ap-≈-Xm-sW∂v bn-Sp-tºmƒ, kaq-lP - o-hn-XØ - ns‚ sFIy-Øn\pw kpc-£n-XX - z-Øn\pw GsX-
¶nepw taJ-eb - n¬\n∂v òj-Wn-bp-bc - p-tºmƒ Ahsb t\cn-Sm≥ Bh-iy-am-
52 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw [¿a-I¿a -\n¿hlWw˛ PnlmZv 53
sW-¶n¬ Xs‚ Imb-_ew t]mep-ap-]t- bm-Kn-°m≥ Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn Xøm-dm- amb coXn-bn¬ P\-ß-tfmSv kwhmZw sNøpI.'' \mhns‚ t\cmw-h-Æ-ap≈
hWw. Xs∂ t\cn´v _m[n-°p∂ Imcy-as - √-¶nepw kaq-lØ - ns‚ c£m-Im-cy- {]tbm-P\ - a- m-Wn-hnsS {i≤n-°s- ∏-tS-≠Xv.
sa∂ \ne-bn¬ AXn-∂p-th≠n kzbw hnb¿°m≥ Hcp apk¬am≥ _m[y-ÿ- ""Xn∑ I≠m¬ AXns\ \nßƒ ssIsIm≠v XS-bpI. AXn-∂k - m[y-am-sW-
\mWv. ¶n¬ Xs‚ \mhp-sIm≠v. AXn\pw i‡n-bn-s√-¶n¬ Xs‚ a\- p-sIm≠v˛AXt{X
Pnlm-Zns‚ G‰hpw HSp-hn-esØ \n¿h-lW - a- mWv bp≤wsIm≠v AYhm hnizm-kØ - n¬ G‰hpw Zp¿_-ea- m-bXv F∂v {]hm-NI - \- d- n-bn®p.'' (C_v\p-amP)
c‡-km-£nXzwsIm≠v km[n-°p-hm-\p-≈Xv. al-Øa- a- mb Hcp e£yw km[n- Xn∑ sNøm-Xn-cn-°¬ am{X-a√, Xn∑-tbmSv \nc-¶p-ia- mb hn{]-Xn-]Ø - nbpw
°p-∂X - n-\p-th≠n Xs‚ Poh≥ t]mepw _en sImSp-°m≥ Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn hncm-Kn-Xbpw ImWn-°m≥ t]mepw kXy-hn-izmkn IS-s∏-´h - \ - mWv. Xn∑-tbmSv
k∂-≤\ - m-th-≠X - p≠v. sshb-‡n-Ia- mb Pohn-Xk - p-c£- n-XX
- z-a√, A√m-lp-hns‚ k‘n sNøp-∂Xpw s]mcp-Øs- ∏-´p-t]m-Ip-∂Xpw B[p-\n-I- Im-esØ "aln-X P - o-
hN-\Ø - ns‚ k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-Xzhpw kap-∂X - n-bp-amWv k¿thm-]cn kwc-£n- hn-XX - {¥'amsW-¶nepw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn°v AXn-t\m-Sm-`n-ap-Jy-an√. ""Xn∑-
°-s∏-tS-≠Xv. AhnsS, ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ Xs‚ Pohn-XsØ lhn- m°n am‰m≥ tbmSv k‘n sNøp-∂h - ≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-hp-Ib - n√'' F∂ {]hm-NI - h - N - \w
Ign-bp-tºmƒ Pnlm-Zns‚ hnip-≤nbpw sshin-jvSyhpw ]c-tam-∂X - nbpw Gsd Gsd {it≤-ba- mWv. A\o-Xnbpw A{I-ahpw A[¿ahpw A[n-Im-ci - ‡
- n-bpsS
{]I-Sa- m-Ip∂p. BIm-ca- W - n-™mWv {]Xy-£s - ∏-Sp-∂s - X∂v h∂m¬t∏mepw kXy-hn-izmkn
""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ h[n-°s- ∏-Sp-∂h - sc "acn-®h - ¿' F∂v ]d-bm-Xn-cn-°pI. \njv{In-b\ - m-bn-°qSm. ""A{I-an-bmb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS apJØv t\m°n kXyw
A√, Ah¿ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p, ]t£, Ah-cpsS PohnXw tLmjn-°p-∂X - mWv G‰hpw henb PnlmsZ''∂v {]hm-NI - \- d- n-bn-®n-´p≠v.
\nßƒ°-\p-`h - s- ∏-Sp-∂n-s√-∂p a- m{Xw.'' (A¬_-Jd: 154) a\p-jy-h¿K-Øns‚ kpc-£n-XX - z-Øn\pw t£a-]q¿h-amb \ne-\n-ev]n-\p-
Nne {]tXyI kµ¿`-ßf - n¬ bp≤w sNøm≥ A√mlp A\p-aXn \evIn-bn- amWv PnlmZv \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv; AYhm a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øn\v òj-Wn-bmbn
´p-s≠-¶nepw aq∂v hyXy-kX v X - b
- m¿∂ i‡n-It- fm-SmWv kXy-hn-izmkn s]mcp- h¿Øn-°p∂ Np‰p-]m-Sp-If - n¬\n∂pw i{Xp-°f - n¬\n∂pw a\p-jys\ c£n-°p-
tX-≠s- X∂v Zm¿i-\n-I\ - mb Camw dmKn_v {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≠v: I-bmWv Pnlm-Zns‚ hn`m-hn-X e - £yw.
˛Ckve - m-an-s\-Xnsc Bbp-[s- a-Sp-°p∂ ""A{I-an-bm-bmepw A{I-an-°s- ∏-´h - \- m-bmepw \o \ns‚ ktlm-Zc- s\ klm-
{]Xy£ i{Xp-hn-s∂-Xn-cm-bp≈ t]mcm´w bn-°pI'' F∂ \_nhN\w tI´-t∏mƒ A\p-N-c-hrµw BZy-sam-∂-º-c∂p.
˛kaq-lØ - nse am\-hn-IX - bv°pw [¿a-`m-h\ A{I-an-°-s∏-´-hs\ klm-bn-°Ww, AXp [¿aamWv. F∂m¬ A{I-ansb
Iƒ°p-sa-Xnsc Ae-dn-sb-Øp∂ ss] klm-bn-°p-∂s- X-ßs\ F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS hnkvabw. \_n hni-Zo-I-
imNnI i‡n-It- fm-Sp≈ t]mcm´w cn®p:
˛Alw-t_m-[Ø - n\pw tZtl-—I - ƒ°p ""A{I-ansb Ahs‚ ssI]n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v Ahs‚ A{I-ah - r-Øn-bn¬\n∂v
saXn-sc-bp≈ Bfl-kacw F∂v c£n°mw.'' t{]cW sNep-Øn-bX - p-sIm≠v {]tbm-P\ - a- n-s√-¶n¬ A{I-ansb
hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂ khn-ti-ja- mb Xs‚ A[¿a-hr-Øn-bn¬\n∂v _ew {]tbm-Kn®v ]n≥Xn-cn-∏n-°W - s- a-∂mWv Cu
t]mcm´w F∂n-hb - m-Wh. lZo-kns‚ s]mcpƒ. _ew {]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠m-bmepw ]ng-®h - s\ t\cmw-am¿K-
C{µn-b] - c- X- b- v°S- n-s∏´p Ign-bp∂ Hcmƒ°v X∂n-e¿∏n-Xa- mb ssZhn-IZ- uXyw Øn-te°v sIm≠p-hc- p-∂X - p-hgn Ahs‚ ]c-tem-I P - o-hn-Xs- a-¶nepw Hc-fh - n¬
\n¿h-ln-°m-\m-hp-∂-X√. kmam-\y-ambn Pnlm-Z-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-Xn\v Hmtcm `{Z-am-°m≥ kXy-hn-izmkn klm-bn-°p-Ib - m-Wh - nsS. Xn∑sb sNdp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-
apk¬am\pw lrZbw, \mhv, ssI, hmƒ˛ F∂o NXp-cm-bp-[ß - ƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m- ∂-Xp-hgn {]Ir-Xn-ZØ - a- mb a\p-jym-hI - m-iß - f- psS \ntj-[hpw \ncm-Ic- W - h - p-am-
hp-∂X - m-sW∂pw Camw dmKn_v Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-´p≠v. W-hnsS kw`-hn-°p-∂s- X∂v {]hm-NI - ≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-Ib - p-≠mbn.
a\- ns\ aen-\ h - n-izm-kß - f - n¬\n∂v hn\n¿ap-‡a- m°n, AhnsS kXy-Z¿i- ico-cs- Øbpw a\- n-s\bpw _m[m-ap-‡a- m-°m-\p≈ [m¿an-Ih - r-Øn-Ifpw
\-ßsf IpSn-bn-cp-ØpI F∂-XmWv lrZbwsIm≠v \n¿h-ln-°m-\p≈ PnlmZv. Pnlm-Zns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬s]Spw. [m¿an-I-cw-KØv sNøp∂ kI-e-am-\ -
kXysØ tLmjn-°pI, Ak-XysØ {]Xn-tj-[n-°pI F∂nh \m°p-sIm- k¬°¿aßfpw AXn-tebv°v e£ywsh®p≈ hnNm-c] - c- hpw Imbn-Ih - p-amb
≠p≈ PnlmZpw. ka-kX v - hr-Øn-Ifpw Pnlm-Zns‚ Bi-bh - n-kX v r-Xn-bn¬s]-Sp-sa∂v hymJym-Xm-
""{]hm-NI - tc, bp‡n-]q¿h-ambpw t{ijvTa- m-bp-ap≈ htc-Wy h - N
- \
- ß
- f
- p- °ƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. ""kXy-Øn-\p-th≠n \ne-sIm-≈¬, AXns\ Db¿Øn-
]-tbm-Kn®v Xm¶-fpsS \mYs‚ kc-Wn-bn-te°v {]t_m-[\w sNøpI. D¬Ir-jSv - °m-´¬, AXns\ {]N-cn-∏n-°¬, AXns‚ kwÿm-]-\-Øn\pw kwc-£-W-
54 PnlmZv: kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ BXva-`mhw [¿a-I¿a -\n¿hlWw˛ PnlmZv 55
Øn\pw th≠n ]cn-{i-an-°¬, B ]cn-{i-a-Øn¬ XymK-ßƒ hcn-°¬, Ah-

km\w Bh-iy-sa-¶n¬ AXn-∂p-th≠n sIm√-s∏-Sp-Itbm sIme-\S- Ø - p-Itbm
sNø¬˛F√mw Pnlm-Zn¬s]Sp∂p. A[¿a-Øn-s\-Xnsc \nXm-¥- Pm-{KX˛Icp-Xn-
bn-cn-°¬˛k{In-ba- mbn {]Xn-Ic - n-°¬, F√m am[y-aß - f - p-ap-]t- bm-Kn®v {]Xn-
tcm-[n-°¬˛Pnlm-Zns‚ em£-Wn-I- {]-Ir-Xß - f - m-Wh.
At∏mƒ Pnlm-tZ-Xc at\m-`m-hØ - ns‚ {]Ir-Xs- a-¥mWv? k¿hm-ek - y-amWv
AXns‚ apJ-{]-IrXw. [¿a-sØ-bh - K
- W- n®v, I¿Øhyw ad∂v, Pohn-X Z- uXyw
ssIsh-Sn™v, Ae-ka- mbn, \njv{In-ba- m-bn-°g- n-bpI. Xs‚ Np‰pw Agn-aX - nbpw
Acp-Xm-ba v I- fpw Ipan-™S- n-™mepw A[¿aw Ien-bp-d™ - m-Sn-bmepw ac-hn-∏p-
d™v acn-®t- ]mse Ign-bp∂ Hc-hÿ - b - m-WXv. (CXn\v Ad_n `mj-bn¬ JpDuZv
F∂v ]d-bp∂p.) kz[¿a \n¿h-lWw \oXn-]q¿hw km[n-°p-∂h - sc \njv{In-b-
cm-bn-°g- n-bp∂ ac-hn-∏ns‚ tIme-ßs- f-°mƒ A√mlp CjvSs- ∏-Sp∂p˛[m¿an-I-
\n¿h-lW - a- mWv apJyw.
""hnizm-kn-If - n¬ £X-sam∂pw IqSmsX \njv{In-bc- m-bn-cn-°p-∂h - cpw Xß-
fpsS apX-ep-Ifpw Xß-fpsS tZlhpwsIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ t]mcm-
Sp-∂h - cpw Xpey-a√. Xß-fpsS apX-ep-IƒsIm≠pw Xß-fpsS icocwsIm≠pw
t]mcm-Sp-∂h - sc \njv{- In-bc- m-bn-°g- n-bp-∂h - ¿°p-]cn A√mlp sa®-s∏-Sp-Øn-
bn-cn-°p∂p. \√Xv F√m-h¿°pw A√mlp hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-´p≠v. F∂m¬
Pnlm-Z\ - p-jvTn-°p-∂h - sc kzÿ-am-bn-cn-°p-∂h - c- n-ep-]cn hep-Xmb {]Xn-êw
\evIn sa®-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.''
(A∂n-km-A:v 95)

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8 23

1.3.1999 ˛ssiJv apl-ΩZv Imc-Ip∂v

Ipdhv as‰m-∂ns\ _m[n°pw; I¿a-Xe - s- Ø-bmsI Zp¿_-ehpw hn^-eh - p-am°pw.

F∂m¬ AXv am{X-hp-a√ PnlmZv. C{µn-bß - sf hcp-Xn-°n-cp-Øepw Bﬂ-ip-≤o-

ssIs°m-≠h - tcm ]nim-Nns‚ am¿K-Ønepw kacw sNøp∂p. AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ

Øn\pw th≠n ]cn-{i-an-°¬, B ]cn-{i-a-Øn¬ XymK-ßƒ hcn-°¬, Ah-

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