kXy-km£yw

A_p¬AAvem auZqZn

hnh¿Ø\w:
hn.-]n. apl-Ω-Zen

{]km-[\w:
Pam-AsØ Ckvem-an, tIcf

hnX-cWw:
Ckvem-anIv ]ªn-jnwKv lukv
tImgn-t°mSv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, Xriq¿, IÆq¿
 kXy-km£yw

Ckvemw
hnizm-kn-I-fn¬\n-∂m-h-iy-s∏-Sp∂
kXy-km-£y-Øns‚ hnh£
hnip-≤-{]-am-W-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬
hni-I-e\w sNøp∂ sNdp-sX-¶nepw
_rl-Ømb {KŸ-am-WnXv. Ccp-]Xmw
\q‰m-≠nse Ckvem-anI \thm-∞m\
\mb-I\pw temI-{]-ikvX ]fin-X-\p-amb
kønZv A_p¬ AAvem auZqZn
1946 Unkw-_¿ 30--˛\v
Pam-AsØ Ckvem-an-bpsS
B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ emtlm-dn¬ tN¿∂
s]mXp ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sNbvX
{]uV-amb {]kwKw.
˛{]km[-I¿
kXy-km£yw

kXy-km£yw
{]]-©-Øns‚ GI {kjvSmhpw \nb-¥mhpw `c-W-I¿Øm-hp-amb
A√m-lp-hn\v k¿h- kvtXm{Xw. BXy-¥n-Ia - mb bp‡n-tbmSpw i‡n-
tbmSpw Imcp-Wy-tØmSpw IqSn Ah-\-Xns\ `cn-®p-t]m-cp∂p. a\p-
jys\ Ah≥ krjvSn®p; Ah∂v ⁄m\hpw _p≤n-i-‡nbpw
{]Zm\w sNbvXp; `qan-bn¬ Xs‚ {]mXn-\n[yw \evIn A\p-{K-ln®p;
Ahs‚ am¿K-Z¿i-\-Øn-\mbn {KŸ-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw {]hm-
N-I-∑msc \ntbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. a\p-jy¿°v a\p-jyXzw ]Tn-
∏n-°p-hm-\mbn BK-X-cmb, a\p-jys‚ Pohn-tXm-t±-iy-sØ-∏‰n
Adnhp \evInb, Ah\v DØa-Po-hn-X-am¿Kw \n¿tZ-in® B kZvhr-
Øcpw kpIr-Xn-I-fp-amb ssZh-Zq-X-cn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Af-h‰ Icp-
Wm-I-Sm-£-߃ kZm h¿jn-°p-am-dm-Is´! C∂v temIØv k∑m¿K-
{]-Im-i-Øn-s‚bpw kXy-\-∑-I-fp-sSbpw kZm-Nmc k¬kz-`m-h-ß-fp-
sSbpw h√ Awihpw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AsX√mw ssZh-\n-
bp-‡-cmb AtX alm-flm-°-fpsS DØa am¿K-Z¿i-\-Øn≥ ^e-
amWv. Ah-tcm-Sp≈ IS-∏m-Sn¬\n∂v a\p-jy∂v Hcn-°epw Hgn-hm-Im-
h-X√.
_lp-am-\ytc, kplr-Øp-°tf, \mw \ΩpsS ktΩ-f\ - ß
- sf s]m-
Xp-hn¬ c≠mbn `mKn-°m-dp≠v. AXn¬ H∂m-a-tØ-Xns‚ Dt±iyw,
\mw IqSn-bn-cp∂v \ΩpsS {]h¿Ø\w ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw AXns\
apt∂m´v \bn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v IqSn-bm-tem-N\ \S-Øp-I-bp-amWv.
c≠m-a-tØ-Xns‚ Dt±iyw, tbmK-{]-tZ-i-Øp≈ s]mXp-P-\-߃°v
\ΩpsS {]t_m-[\w ka¿∏n-°p-Ib - mWv. c≠m-aXv kqNn-∏n® Dt±iyw
ap≥\n-dp-Øn-bp-≈-XmWv Ct∏m-gsØ ktΩ-f\w. \ΩpsS {]t_m-
 kXy-km£yw
[\w F¥m-sW∂pw F¥n-te-°m-sW∂pw Adn-bn-°p-hm-\mWv
\nßsf Chn-tS°v £Wn-®n-´p-≈Xv.
\ΩpsS {]t_m-[-\-Øns‚ Hcp hiw, BZyta apkvenw am{X-am-
bn-cn-°p∂ P\-ß-tfm-Sm-sW-¶n¬ adp-h-iØv, apkvena√mØ kIe
P\-߃°pw s]mXp-hm-bn-´p-≈-Xp-amWv. Ah-cn¬ Hmtcm hn`m-K-
Øn\pw \ΩpsS ]°¬ ktµ-i-ap≠v . F∂m¬, c≠mw hn`m-K-
Øn¬s]´ P\-ßsf ChnsS ImWm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xn¬ F\n-°-Xn-
bmb hyk-\-ap≠v. \ΩpsS Ign-™ -Im-esØ A_-≤-ß-fp-sSbpw
C∂sØ hnth-I-cm-ln-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw ^e-ambn, ssZh-Øns‚ ASn-
a-I-fn¬ hºn® Hcp hn`mKw \sΩ hn´-I-∂p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p. Ahsc
\ΩpsS ASp-tØ°v £Wnt®m, \mw Ah-cpsS ASp-tØ°v sNt∂m,
\Ωp-sSbpw Ah-cp-sSbpw \mY-\mb A√mlp kI-e-cp-sSbpw am¿K-
Z¿i-\-Øn-\mbn Xs‚ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ aptJ\ Ab-®p-X-∂n-´p≈
ktµiw Ahsc tIƒ∏n-°m-\p≈ kµ¿`w Zp¿e-`-amtb \ap°v e`n-
°p-∂p≈q. GXp- \n-ebv°pw Ct∏mƒ Ah-cn-hnsS k∂n-ln-X-c-√mØ
ÿnXn°v apkvenw-Iƒ°v am{X-am-bp≈ {]t_m-[-\-Øns‚ hi-amWv
Rm\n-hnsS ka¿∏n-°p-∂Xv.
apkvenw-Isf \mw £Wn-°p-∂Xv, apkvenw-Is - f∂ \nebv°v Xß-
fpsS ta¬ A¿∏n-X-amb DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-߃ a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw \nd-
th-‰p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xn-te-°mWv. R߃ apkvenw-I-fmWv;
A√m-lp-shbpw Ahs‚ Zo\n-s\bpw R߃ kΩ-Xn-°p∂p F∂p
]d™v \ap°v c£-s∏-SpI km[y-a√. A√m-lp-hns\ \ΩpsS ssZh-
ambpw Zo\ns\ \ΩpsS Zo\mbpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AtXm-sSm∏w
Nne DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßfpw \Ωn¬ h∂p-ho-gp∂p. Ah-sb-°p-dn®v
\ap°v t_m[-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww; Ah-bpsS \n¿h-l-W-sØ-∏‰n \mw
Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw thWw. \Ω-fh \nd-th-‰m-Xn-cn-°p∂ ]£w AXns‚
Zpjv^-e-ß-fn¬\n∂v Cl-tem-ItØm ]c-tem-ItØm c£-{]m-]n-°p-
∂-X√. Fs¥m-s°-bmWv {]kvXpX DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-߃? A√m-lp-
hnepw Ahs‚ ae-°p-I-fnepw {KŸ-ß-fnepw ZqX-∑m-cnepw ]c-tem-
I-Ønepw hniz-kn-°pI am{X-a√ \a-kvImcw, t\mºv, l÷v, kImXv
Ch A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw am{X-a√ hnhmlw, hnhm-l-tam-N\w, A\-
¥-cm-h-Imiw XpS-ßnb CS-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ Ckvemw \n›-bn® \nb-a-
hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ ]men-°pI am{X-hpa√ AXv. CXn-s\-√m-ap-]-cn-bmbn
`mcn-®Xpw Kpcp-X-c-hp-amb DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw IqSn \ΩpsS ta¬ h∂p-
kXy-km£yw

tN-cp∂p. \mw ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-°p∂ kXy-Øn\p th≠n apgp-h≥

temI-Øn-s‚bpw apºn¬ km£n-I-fmbn \nesIm≈pI F∂-Xm-
WXv. "apkvenw-Iƒ' F∂ t]cn¬ kzX-{¥ -k-ap-Zm-b-ambn \sΩ
kwL-Sn-∏n-®-Xns‚ Dt±iyw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ hnh-cn-°-s∏-´n-´p-
≈Xv, ssZh-Øns‚ ASn-a-I-fpsS ta¬ kXy-km-£y-am-Ip∂ ssZhn-
I-e£yw \mw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv.
""A{]-Imcw \mw \nßsf Hcp a[y-a -k-ap-Zm-b-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p.
\n߃ P\-߃°v km£n-I-fm-bn-cn-°m≥ th≠n; {]hm-N-I≥
\n߃°v km£n-bm-hm≥ th≠nbpw.''*
CXmWv \ΩpsS kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ GI Pohn-tXm-t±iyw. \manXv
]q¿Øo-I-cn-®n-s√-¶n¬ Pohn-Xw-Xs∂ ]mgm-°n-sb-∂¿Yw. ImcWw,
A√mlp \ΩpsS ta¬ Npa-Øn-bn-´p≈ \n¿_-‘- I¿Ø-hy-am-WXv.
Ah≥ B⁄m-]n-°p∂p:
""hniz-kn® P\-ßtf, \n߃ \oXn°v km£yw hln-°p-∂-h-
cm-bn-s°m≠v A√m-lp-hn-\p-th≠n \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-h-cm-Ip-hn≥!''**
CsXmcp tIhe Iev]-\-b√; \n¿_‘ Iev]-\-bmWv. A√m-
lp Acp-fp∂p:
""A√m-lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v Xs‚ ]°-ep≈ km£ysØ ad-®-psh-
°p-∂-h-s\-°mƒ A{Ian a‰m-cmWv?''***
Cu I¿Øhyw \n¿h-ln-°m-Ø-Xns‚ A\-¥-c- ^-e-sa-¥m-sW-
∂pw A√mlp \sΩ Adn-bn-®n-´p≠v. \ap-°p- apºv PqX-∑m¿ Cu
km£n-°q-´n¬ lmP-cm-°-s∏´p. Ah¿ Iptd-sbms° kXysØ ad-
®p-sh®p. Iptd-sbms° kXy-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn km£n-\n-ev°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. samØ-Øn¬, kXy-Øn\v ]Icw Ak-Xy-Øn\p km£n-
I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-Ib
- m-Wh
- c
- p-≠m-bXv. XZv^e
- a
- mbn Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚
tIm]-im-]-߃°v ]m{X-am-hp-Ibpw \nµycpw lo\-cp-ambn A[x-]-
 kXy-km£yw
Xn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp!
""Ah-cpsS ta¬ \nµy-Xbpw ]Xn-Xzhpw ap{Z-Ip-Ø-s∏´p. A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬\n-∂p≈ tIm]-hp-ambn Ah¿ aS-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp.''****
\Ωp-sS- ta¬ Npa-Øs - ∏´ Cu kXy-km£yw sIm≠p≈ hnh£
F¥mWv? \ap°v e`n® kXysØ, \Ωn¬ {]Im-in-X-am-bn-´p≈
bmYm¿YysØ, a\p-jys‚ hnP-b-ku-`m-Ky-Øn\v \nZm-\-ambn \ap°v
Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ GI-am¿KsØ \mw temI-k-a£w Ah-
X-cn-∏n-°pI. kXyhpw k∑m¿K-hp-a-Xm-sW∂v {]kv]-jvS-ambn sXfn-
bn-°pw-hn[w km£yw hln-°pI. Aßs\ temI-P\ - X
- b
- n¬ Zo\ns‚
e£yw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xm-WXv. CtX km£y-
\n¿h-l-W-Øn-\mWv {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ temIØv \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´Xv.
km£y-\n¿h-lWw Ah-cpsS \n¿_‘ Npa-X-e-bm-bn-cp∂p. ]n∂oSv,
CtX kXy-km£y I¿Øhyw {]hm-N-I-∑m¿°p- tijw Ah-cpsS
A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ Npa-Ø-s∏´p. Ct∏mƒ A¥y-{]-hm-N-I≥ apl-ΩZv
\_n(k)°p tijw A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ AXns‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw h∂p-
tN¿∂p. \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ta¬ B Pohn-X-Im-e-Øp-Xs∂ hy‡n-
]-c-ambn Npa-Ø-s∏´ hn[wXs∂ apkvenw-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚- ta¬
C∂Xv s]mXp-hmbn Npa-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.
kXy-km-£y-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw F{X-tØm-f-ap-s≠∂v Nn¥n-®p-
t\m°mw. a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn-\mbn A√mlp \n›-bn® A¥y hnNm-c-
W-bp-sSbpw c£m-in-£-I-fp-sSbpw \nb-a-kw-_-‘-amb apgp-h≥ ASn-
ÿm-\hpw CtX km£y-am-Ip∂p. bp‡n, ImcpWyw, \oXn F∂n-
h-bv°-[n-]-\mWv A√mlp. Xs‚ {]oXn Fs¥-∂-dn-bmØ P\-߃
AXn-s\-Xncp {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw k∑m¿K-ta-sX-∂-dn-bmsX Zp¿am¿K-
Øn¬ Nen-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn\v Ahsc in£n-°p-I F∂Xpw
Ah¿°-dn-bmØ hnj-b-ß-fn¬ Ahsc tNmZyw sNøp-I F∂Xpw
Ahs‚ bp‡n°pw Imcp-Wy-Øn\pw \oXn°pw \nc-°p-∂-X√. AXn-
\m¬, `qap-JØv a\p-jys‚ A[n-hmkw Xs∂ A√mlp Hcp {]hm-
N-I-s\-s°m-≠m-cw-`n®p; ]n∂oSv A∏-t∏mƒ AkwJyw {]hm-N-I-
∑msc \ntbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠p-ancp∂p. \nßsf kw_-‘n®v \nß-fpsS
{kjvSm-hns‚ A`ojvSw, \n߃°v Cl-tem-IØv icn-bmb Pohn-
X-am¿Kw, \nß-fpsS \mYs‚ {]oXn-t\-Sp-hm≥ \n߃ ssIs°m-
kXy-km£yw

t≈≠ \bw, \n¿h-ln-t°≠ tPmen, \n߃ kq£n-t°≠ Imcy-

߃, \n߃ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ hnj-b-߃ CsXm-s°-bmWv˛
F∂n-ßs\ a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn\v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p
AXns‚ Dt±iyw. A√mlp Xs‚ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cm¬ C∆n[w kXy-
km£yw \n¿h-ln-∏n-®Xv kw_-‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-
°p-∂p≠v. R߃ Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. Rßsf Adn-bn-
°mØ kwK-Xn-bpsS t]cn-emtWm Rßsf in£n-°p-∂Xv F∂p
]d™v A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ e£yw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\v P\-߃°v
Ah-kc - a
- p-≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°m≥ th≠n-bm-sW-∂X
- mWm hmIyw. ""kt¥m-
j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-∂-hcpw Xm°oXv \evIp-∂-h-cp-amb {]hm-N-I-
∑msc (\ntbm-Kn®p); {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS tijw P\-߃°v A√m-
lp-hn-s\-Xn-cn¬ bmsXmcp \ymbhpw D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n.
{]Xm-]-im-enbpw bp‡n-am-\p-amWv A√mlp.''*
Cßs\ P\-ß-fpsS ta¬ e£yw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-I-sb∂ Xs‚
_m[yX A√mlp {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ta¬ NpaØn. Ah¿ {]kvXpX
ISa icn°pw apdbv°pw \n¿h-ln-°p∂ ]£w P\-߃ Xß-fpsS
I¿a-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kzbw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-hm≥ A¿l-cmIpw.
km£y-\n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ h√ hogvNbpw hcp-Øp-∂-]£w P\-ß-
fpsS Zp¿am¿K ZpjvI¿a-ß-sf-∏‰n {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøpw. Cu Kpcp-X-c-amb DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ÿm-\-ØmWv {]hm-N-I-∑m¿
\n›-bn-°-s∏-´Xv. as‰mcp coXn-bn¬ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ H∂p-In¬ kXy-
km£yw apdbv°v \n¿h-ln®v P\-ß-fpsS ta¬ A√m-lp-hns‚
e£yw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°pI. A√mlp \evInb bYm¿Y -⁄m\w P\-
ßsf Adn-bn-®n-s√∂pw A√mlp ]Tn-∏n® icn-bmb Pohn-X-am¿Kw
P\-ßsf ]Tn-∏n-®n-s√-∂p-ap≈ FXn¿km£yw {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS
ta¬ ÿm]n-X-am-hpI. CXm-bn-cp∂p {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ÿm\-Øns‚
Kuchw. CtX Imc-W-Øm-emWv, {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS taep≈
Cu DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-`m-csØ Kuc-h-]q¿hw Hm¿an-®Xv. kXy-km-£y
-\n¿h-l-W-Ønepw P\-ß-fpsS ta¬ e£yw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xnepw
Bflm¿∏Ww sNbvXv ]cn-{i-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xpw CXn-\m¬Xs∂.
]n∂oSv, {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ aptJ\ kXy-⁄m-\hpw k∑m¿Khpw e`n®
 kXy-km£yw
P\-ß-fm¬ Hcp ]m¿´n cq]o-I-cn-°-s∏´p, {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS ta¬
Npa-Ø-s∏-´n-cp∂ AtX kXy-km£y I¿Øhyw Ct∏mƒ B ]m¿´n-
bpsS ta¬ Npa-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-I-sf∂
\nebv°v, apºv {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ \ndpØ-s∏´ AtX DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ÿm-
\Øv Ct∏mƒ Ahcpw \ndp-Ø-s∏´p. AXm-bXv, Ah¿ kXy-km£y
I¿Øhyw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-∂-]£w˛P\-߃ icn-s∏-´n-s√-¶nepw
˛Ah¿°v {]Xn-^ew e`n°pw. in£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂tXm, P\-ß-fp-am-
bn-cn°pw. kXy-km-£y -\n¿h-l-W-Øn-e-h¿ hogvN hcp-Øp-Itbm
kXy-Øn\p ]Icw Ak-Xy-Øn\p km£yw hln-°p-Itbm sNøp-
I-bm-sW-¶n¬ P\-߃°p apºv Ah-cm-bn-cn°pw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-
SpI. kzI¿a-ß-sf-°p-dn®v am{X-a√ Ah¿ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-SpI. icn-
bmb km£yw hln-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sImt≠m sX‰mbn km£yw
hln-®-Xp -Im-c-W-amtbm Zp¿am¿Kn-Ifpw \mi-Im-cn-Ifpw A[¿a-Im-
cn-I-fp-am-bn-°-gn™ P\-ß-fpsS I¿a-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Ah¿ tNmZyw
sNø-s∏Spw.
am\ytc, CXmWv kXy-km-£y-am-Ip∂ Kuc-hm-hl - a
- mb B DØ-
c-hm-ZnXzw. Fs‚ taepw \nß-fpsS taepw, apkvenw F∂p hmZn-°p-
∂-h¿ AS°w A√m-lp-hns‚ hnip≤ {KŸhpw {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS
k∑m¿Khpw e`n® kIe P\-ß-fpsS taepw Npa-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw! C\n, {]kvXpX km£y \n¿h-l-W-Øn-\p≈ am¿K-
sa-s¥∂p t\m°mw. km£yw c≠p- hn[w. H∂v hmMvaq-e-ap-≈Xv,
as‰m∂v I¿a-]-c-am-bXv. hmMvaqe km£y-Øns‚ cq]w, {]hm-N-I-
∑m¿ aptJ\ \ap°p e`n® kXysØ \mhp-sIm≠pw t]\-sIm≠pw
temI-Øn\p {]Im-in-X-am-°pI F∂-XmWv. {Kln-∏n-°p-hm\pw lrZn-
ÿ-am-°p-hm\pw km[y-am-Ip∂ kIe am¿K-ßfpw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-
ØpI. {]t_m-[\ {]Nm-c-W-Øn\pw {]t£-]W {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-
Øn\pw DX-Ip∂ F√m D]-I-c-W-ßfpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°Ww. hn⁄m-
\˛Iem˛imkv{X-߃ tiJ-cn-®p-X∂ apgp-h≥ Icp-°fpw ssIbn-
se-SpØv A√mlp a\p-jy∂v \n›-bn® Zo\ns‚ in£-W-߃ \mw
temI-Øn\v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-ØpI. BZ¿i˛Nn¥-I-fn¬, [m¿anI˛kZm-
Nm-c-ß-fn¬, kmwk¿KnI˛\mK-cn-I-X-bn¬, D]-Po-h-\-am¿K-Øn¬,
sIm≈-s°m-Sp-°-bn¬, \nb-a-Øn¬, \oXn-∂ym-b-Øn¬, cmjv{So-b-
Øn¬, cmPy-`-c-W-Øn¬ F∂p-th≠ am\p-jnI CS-]m-Sp-I-fpsS
as‰√m hi-ß-fnepw a\p-jys‚ am¿K-Z¿i-\-Øn\v {]kvXpX Zo≥
ka¿∏n-®n-´p≈ \n¿tZ-i-ß-f-{Xbpw \mw khn-kvXcw shfn-s∏-Sp-
kXy-km£yw

ØWw. sXfn-hp-Ifpw ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fpw-sIm≠v AXns‚ kXy-ÿnXn

ÿm]n-°Ww. AXn-s\-Xn-cn-ep≈ F¥n-s\bpw bp‡n-]q¿hw \ncq-
]Ww sNbvXv Ah-bpsS \yq\-XI - ƒ Xpd-∂p-Im-´p-Ibpw thWw. {]hm-
N-I-∑m¿ hy‡n-]-c-ambn ssZh-kr-jvSn-I-fpsS k∑m¿K-sØ-°p-dn®v
Imcy-Ku-c-h-tØmsS Nn¥n-®n-cp∂p. B Kuc-h-tØmsS apkvenw kap-
Zmbw kmaq-ln-I-ambn AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xp≠v. As√-
¶n¬ Cu kXy-km-£y- I¿Øhyw \n¿h-ln-°pI km[y-a√. Cu
al-XvIrXyw kI-e-hn[ kmaq-lnI ]cn-{i-a-ß-fp-sSbpw kmap-Zm-bnI
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw tI{µ-_n-µp-hm-bn-Øo-cpI AXy-¥m-t]-£n-
X-amWv. am\-kn-Ihpw akvXn-jvI-]-c-hp-amb kIe Ign-hp-Ifpw \Ωp-
sS A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈ D]-I-c-W-ßfpw kma-{Kn-Ifpw AXn¬ A¿∏n-
°-s∏-SWw; \ΩpsS apgp-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Cu e£yw \n¿_-‘-
]q¿hw ho£n-°-s∏-SWw; k¿thm-]cn kXy-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬ km£yw
hln-°p∂ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp i_vZw \ap-°n-S-bn¬ s]mßn-h-cp-∂Xv
GsXmcp ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-bnepw kln-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw.
C\n, I¿a-km£yw F∂-Xp-sIm-≠p≈ hnh£, \mw kXy-sa∂v
hmZn-°p∂ kn≤m-¥-ßsf \ΩpsS {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-Øn¬ {]Xn-
^-en-∏n-°p-I-sb-∂-XmWv. Ah kXy-sa∂v temIw \ΩpsS \mhn¬-
°qSn am{Xw tI´m¬t]mcm; {]XypX, Ah-bpsS sa®-ßfpw al-
Øz-ßfpw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bWw. kXy-hn-izm-
k-Øns‚ am[p-cy-Øm¬ a\p-jys‚ kz`m-h-I¿a-ß-fn¬ DZn-®p-b-cp∂
a[p-c-c-ksØ \ΩpsS s]cp-am-‰-Øn¬ temIw Bkz-Zn-°Ww. Cu
Zo\ns‚ am¿K-Z¿i-\-Øn¬ F{X \√ a\p-jy-cm-Wp-≠m-hp-∂Xv; F{X
\oXn-]q¿h-I-amb skmssk-‰n-bmWv cq]w sIm≈p-∂Xv; F{X \√
kap-Zm-b-amWv {]Xy-£-Øn¬ hf-cp-∂Xv; F{X ]cn-ip-≤hpw ]cn-
]m-h-\-hp-amb \mK-cn-I-X-bmWv P∑-sa-Sp-ØXv; F{X EPp-hmb kc-
Wn-I-fn-eq-sS-bmWv hn⁄m\˛Iem˛imkv{X-߃ hf¿∂p hnI-kn-
°p-∂Xv; F¥p-am{Xw \oXn-]-chpw kvt\lm-\p-`m-h-]q¿hhpw kwL-
´-\-c-ln-X-hp-amb kmº-ØnI kl-I-c-W-amWv {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂Xv;
hy‡n-]-chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øns‚ \m\m hi-ßfpw
F{X-I≠v icn-s∏´v \∑ \nd™p hnf-bm-Sp∂p Fs∂√mw temI-
Øn\v t\cn¬ I≠pw tI´p-a-dn-bm≥ Ign-bWw. hy‡n-I-sf∂ \ne-
bv°pw kaq-l-sa∂ \nebv°pw \ΩpsS Zo\ns‚ kXy-X-bpsS {]Xo-
I-ß-fmbn \mw ]cn-W-an-°pI hgn am{Xta Cu ISa \n¿h-ln-°pI
km[y-amhq. \ΩpsS kz`m-h-N-cy-Iƒ AXns‚ kXym-h-ÿbv°v
 kXy-km£yw
sXfnhp \evIWw; \ΩpsS Krl-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ kuc`yw hoiWw;
\ΩpsS I®-h-S-ÿ-e-ßfpw hyh-km-b-im-e-Ifpw AXns‚ {]Im-i-
Øm¬ an∂n-Øn-f-ßWw; \ΩpsS ÿm]-\-ßfpw hnZym-e-b-ßfpw
AXns‚ {]`m-]q-c-Øm¬ {]tim-`n-X-ß-fm-hWw. \ΩpsS kmln-Xy-
ßfpw ]{X-ßfpw \∑-I-fpsS am{Xw km£y-]-{X-ß-fm-hWw; \ΩpsS
kmap-Zm-bnI \b-ßfpw kmaq-lnI ]cn-{i-a-ßfpw AXns‚ kXy-
Xbv - ° p≈ kap- P ze tcJ- I - f m- b n- c n- ° Ww. Npcp- ° - Ø n¬, Hcp
hy‡ntbm kap-Zm-btam \Ω-tfmSv Fhn-sS-sh®v Fßs\ _‘-
s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶nepw, \mw kXy-sa∂v hmZn-°p∂ kn≤m-¥-߃
kXy-am-sW-∂-Xn\pw AXp-hgn a\p-jy-Po-hnXw D∂-Xhpw DØ-ahpw
DXvIr-jvS-hp-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂-Xn\pw \ΩpsS hy‡n-]-chpw kmap-Zm-
bn-I-hp-amb Ncy-I-fn¬\n∂v Ah¿°v A\n-tj-[y-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ
e`n-°Ww. C{X-bp-a√, AtX kn≤m-¥-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬
Hcp tÉv ÿm]n-X-am-hWw. Zo≥ kºq¿W-ambpw {]tbm-K-Øn¬
hcpØn AXns‚ \oXn-∂ym-b-hy-hÿ, kwkvI-cW ]cn-]mSn, cmjv{S-
ao-amwk, \m´p-Im-cpsS t£ssa-izcyw, `c-W-I¿Øm-°-fpsS DØ-a-
Ncy, sa®-s∏´ B`y-¥c `cWw, \njvI-f-¶-amb hntZ-i-\bw, am\y-
amb kacw, ]men-°-s∏-Sp∂ k‘n F∂nh {]mh¿Øn-I-am-IWw.
Cu tÉn\v P∑w \evInb Zo\mWv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ a\p-jy-hn-P-b-
Øn\v \nZm\w. B Zo\ns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS am{X-amWv a\p-
jy-hw-i-Øns‚ \∑. CXv temI-Øns‚ apºn¬ km£yw hln-
°mØ Ime-tØmfw {]kvXpX kXy-km£yw ]cn-]q¿W-am-Ip-∂n-
s√∂ ]c-am¿Yw Rm≥ DW¿Øn-®p-sIm-≈s´. I¿a-]-c-amb Cu
km£yw hmMvaqe km£y-hp-ambn tNcp-tºmƒ am{Xta apkvenw
kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ta¬ Npa-Ø-s∏´ `mcn® _m[yX ]cn-]q¿W-ambn
\n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂p≈q. a\p-jy-hw-i-Øns‚ ta¬ A√m-lp-hns‚
e£yw hnhn[ Xpd-I-fn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-∂Xpw At∏mƒ am{Xw. ]c-
tem-IØv A√m-lp-hns‚ tImS-Xn-bn¬ \_n(k) Xncp-ta-\n°v
]n∂n¬\n∂v, Ahn-S∂v R߃s°-Øn-®p-X-∂-sX√mw R߃ P\-
߃s°-Øn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp-sh∂pw F∂n´pw k∑m¿K-a-h-ew-_n-
°mØ P\-߃ Ah-cpsS Zp¿am¿K-Øn\p kzbw DØ-c-hm-Zn-I-fm-
sW∂pw km£yw hln-°p-hm≥ AXn\p tijta \ΩpsS kap-Zmbw
A¿l-am-hp-∂p≈q.
am\ytc, apkvenw-I-sf∂ \nebv°v hm°pw {]h¿Ø-\hpw hgn
\mw \n¿h-ln-t°≠ kXy-km-£y-am-WnXv. F∂m¬, C∂v \mw F¥v
kXy-km£yw

km£y-amWv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ \evIn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv? Ct∏m-sg-

¶n-ep-sam∂v Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°pI! hm°p aptJ-\-bp≈ km£y-sØ-
°p-dn®v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, \Ωn¬ \t∂ Ipd™ hn`mKw am{X-
amWv Nne-t∏mƒ hy‡n-]-chpw Nne-t∏mƒ kwL-Sn-X-ambpw \mhp-
sIm≠pw t]\-sIm≠pw Ckvem-an\v km£yw hln-°p-∂Xv. AXp-
X-s∂bpw A¿ln-°p-∂ h - n[w \n¿h-ln-°p-∂h- ¿ ssIhn-ce
- n-se-Æm≥
am{X-ta-bp≈q. Cu Xp—-hn-`m-KsØ Hgn-®p-\n-dpØn t\m°p-∂-]£w
apkvenw-Iƒ s]mXpth km£yw hln-°p-∂Xv Ckvem-an-\-\p-Iq-e-
am-bn-´√, {]Xn-Iq-e-am-bn-´m-sW∂v Im-Wmw. Ckvem-anse A\-¥-cm-
h-Imi \nbaw sX‰m-sW∂pw Pmln-enøm (A\n-kvem-anI) k{º-
Zm-b-amWv icn-sb∂pw \ΩpsS P∑n-Ifpw {]`p-°fpw km£yw hln-
°p∂p. Ckvem-ans‚ F√m \nb-a-ßfpw sX‰m-sW∂v am{X-a√,
Ckvem-anI \nb-a-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ kn≤m¥w t]mepw kzoIm-c-
tbm-Ky-a-s√∂pw a\p-jy-\n¿anX \nb-a-߃ am{X-amWv icn-sb∂pw
\ΩpsS h°o¬amcpw PUvPn-amcpw aPn-kvt{S‰p-amcpw km-£yw hln-
°p∂p. XØz-imkv{Xw, Ncn{Xw, kmaq-ln-I- imkv{Xw, kmº-Øn-I
-imkv{Xw, cmjv{Sobw, \nbaw, kZm-Nmcw F∂n-h-Isf kw_-‘n®v
]m›m-Xy≥ \n¿a-Xm-[n-]-Xy-ß-fn¬\n∂v I≠p-]n-Sn® kn≤m-¥-߃
am{X-amWv icn-sb∂pw {]kvXpX Imcy-ß-fn-sem-∂pw-Xs∂ Ckvem-
ans‚ ho£m-KXn Xotc ]cn-K-W-\m¿l-a-s√∂pw \ΩpsS A[ym-]-
I-∑mcpw s{]m^-k¿amcpw hnZym-`ym-k -ÿm-]-\-ßfpw km£yw hln-
°p∂p. Cw•≠v, {^m≥kv, djy XpS-ßnb cmPy-ß-fnse \nco-izc˛-
\n¿a-X-hm-Zn-I-fmb kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cpsS ssIh-i-ap≈ kmlnXy
ktµ-i-amWv Xß-fpsS ]°-ep-≈-sX∂pw, apkvenw-I-sf∂ \nebv°v
Xß-fpsS kmln-Xy-Øn\p bmsXmcp kzX-{¥ -ssN-X-\y-hp-an-s√∂pw
\ΩpsS kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿ km£yw hln-°p∂p; Aap-kvenw-I-fpsS
AtX N¿®-Ifpw {]iv\-ßfpw {]N-mc-W-am¿K-ßfpw am{X-amWv
X߃°p-≈-sX∂v \ΩpsS ]{X-߃ km£yw hln-°p∂p; sImSp-
°¬˛hmß-ep-Iƒ kw_-‘n®v Ckvemw ÿm]n® ]cn[n A{]m-
tbm-Kn-I-ß-fm-sW∂pw Im^n-dp-Iƒ kzoI-cn® am¿K-Øn¬°q-Sntb
CS-]m-Sp-Iƒ km[y-am-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw \ΩpsS I®-h-S-°mcpw hyh-
km-bn-Ifpw km£yw hln-°p∂p; kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS ]°-ep≈
AtX h¿Kob˛tZiob ap{Zm-hm-Iy-ßfpw kmap-Zm-bn-Im-h-iy-ßfpw
Xm¬]-cy-ß-fp-amWv X߃°p-≈-sX∂pw P\-Iob {]iv\-߃ ]cn-
l-cn-°p-∂X - n¬ Ah¿ kzoI-cn® coXn-Xs - ∂-bmWv X߃°pw kzoIm-
 kXy-km£yw
cy-sa∂pw cmjv{Sob {]h¿Ø-I¿ km£yw hln-°p∂p. cmjv{Sob˛
`cWImcy-ß-fn¬ kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS ]°-ep≈ AtX kn≤m-¥-
ß- f mWv Xß- f psS ]°- e p- ≈ - s X∂pw CØcw hnj- b - ß - f n¬
Ckvemw bmsXmcp am¿K-Z¿i-\hpw \evIn-bn-´n-s√∂pw \ΩpsS t\Xm-
°ƒ km£yw hln-°p∂p; Zp≥bmhpw AXnse {]iv\-ß-fp-a-√msX,
Xß-fpsS \mhns\ hn\n-tbm-Kn-t°-≠Xpw Aev] ka-b-sa-¶nepw
sNe-h-gn-t°-≠-Xp-amb Hcp Zo≥ Xß-fpsS ]°-en-s√∂v \ΩpsS
km[m-c-W-°m¿ km£yw hln-°p∂p. s]mXp-hn¬ \ΩpsS apgp-
h≥ kap-Zm-bhpw, C¥y-bn¬ am{X-a√ temI-sØm-´p°pw CØcw
km£y-amWv Xß-fpsS hm°p-ap-tJ\ \n¿h-ln-°p-∂Xv.
C\n, I¿a-]-c-amb km£y-\n¿h-l-W-sØ-°p-dn®p Nn¥n°mw.
AXns‚ Ahÿ, hm°p-ap-tJ-\-bp≈ km£y-sØ-°mƒ ]cn-Xm-]-
Icw! Pohn-X-Øn¬ Ckvem-ans\ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p∂ Npcp°w k÷-
\-hy-‡n-Iƒ Aßn-ßmbn \Ω-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v. F∂m¬,
_lp-`q-cn-]-£-Øns‚ Ahÿ F¥mWv? Ckvem-ans‚ XW-en¬
hf-cp∂ hy‡n-Iƒ Hcp \nebv°pw Ip^vdn-\m¬ hm¿sØ-Sp-°-s∏´
hy‡n-I-fn¬\n∂p hyXy-kvXtcm DXvIr-jvStcm As√∂p am{X-a√,
]e-Xp-sIm≠pw Ip^vdns‚ k¥m-\-ßsfbt]-£n®v A[-a-cm-sW∂
\ne-bv°p-amWv, hy‡n-]-c-ambn km[m-cW apkvenw-Iƒ Xß-fpsS
I¿a-߃ aptJ\ Ckvem-ans\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
Ah¿°v If-hp-]-dbmw, h©n°mw, A{Iaw {]h¿Øn°mw, hmKvZm-
\-ßfpw Icm-dp-Ifpw ewLn°mw, sIm≈bpw Ih¿®bpw \SØmw,
Ie-lhpw \mihpw krjvSn°mw, \nµyhpw \n¿e-÷-hp-amb GXv
ZpjvIr-Xyhpw sNømw. CØcw Zpcm-Nmc Zpxkz-`m-h-ß-fn-sem-∂pw-
Xs∂ Ah-cpsS iX-am\w GsX-¶nepw Aapkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn-t‚-
Xn¬\n∂v H´pw `n∂-a√. \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw, \S-]Sn, BNmc
k{º-Zm-b-߃, BtLm-j-߃, D’-h-߃, sIm≠m-´-߃, tbmK-
߃, tLmj-bm-{X-Iƒ XpSßn Npcp-°-Øn¬ \ΩpsS kmaq-lnI
Pohn-X-Ønse bmsXmcp cwKØpw Ckvem-ans\ \mw {]Xn-\n-[o-I-
cn- ° p- ∂ - X mbn ImWm- \ m- h p- ∂ n√. Ckv e m- a ns‚ A\p- b m- b n- I ƒ
X߃°p-X-s∂bpw Ckvem-an\p ]Icw a‰p-≈-h-sb-bmWv IqSp-X¬
]cn-K-W-\m¿l-ambn Icp-Xp-∂-sX-∂-Xn\p hy‡-amb Hcp km£y-
am-Wn-sX∂v ]d-tb≠n h∂n-cn-°p∂p. \mw hnZym-e-b-߃ ÿm]n-
°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ hnZym-`ym-khpw AXns‚ hyh-ÿbpw ssNX-\y-
kXy-km£yw

hp-sa√mw "kXy-\n-tj[n'Ifn¬\n∂v kzoI-cn-°p∂p; \mw kwL-S-\-

Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-]£w Ah-bpsS e£yw, hyhÿ, {]h¿Ø-\-
am¿Kw Aßs\ apgp-h≥ Imcy-ßfpw GsX-¶nepw Hcp Aapkvenw
kwL-S-\-bpsS amXr-I-bn-em-bn-cn°pw. \ΩpsS kap-Zmbw h√ kmaq-
lnI kwcw-`-Øn\pw Hcpßn ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ ]£w Ah-cpsS Bh-iy-
߃, {]h¿Ø-\- am¿Kw, kwL-S-\-bv°p≈ `c-W-L-S\, {]ta-b-
߃, {]kw-K-߃, {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ kI-eXpw "Aapkvenw' kap-Zm-
b-ß-fpsS X\n-∏-I¿∏m-bn-cn°pw. F¥n-\-[nIw? kzX-{¥tam A¿[-
kz-X-{¥tam Bb h√ `c-W-Iq-S-ßfpw Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw \ne-sIm-
≈p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Ahn-sSbpw `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w, `c-W-
hy-hÿ, \oXn-∂ymbw F√mw-Xs∂ Aap-kvenw-I-fn¬\n∂v Cc-hp-
hm-ßn-bn-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Nne `c-W-Iq-S-ß-fn¬ Ckvem-an-I -\n-baw
tIhew "t]gvk-\¬ em'bpsS ]cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cn-°p-
∂p-sh-¶n¬ Nne `c-W-Iq-S-߃ Ah-sb-t∏mepw am‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-
Iƒ°v hnt[- b - a m- ° ntb hn´n- ´ p≈q! Bwt•b {KŸ- I m- c - \ mb
temd≥kv {_u¨ Xs‚ "Zn s{]mkvs]Iv‰vkv Hm^v Ckvemw' ( The
Prospects of Islam) F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ apkvenw-Isf ]cn-l-kn-®p-sIm-
≠n-ßs\ FgpXn: ""Ckvem-ans‚ knhn¬˛{Inan-\¬ \nb-a-߃ ]g-
©\pw A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-hp-am-sW-∂p-I≠v C¥y-bn¬ Rß-f-Xns\
Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw apkvenw-Iƒ°v Ah-cpsS "t]gvk-\¬ em'
am{Xw A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ Ah¿°Xv XnI®pw Atcm-
N-I-ambn tXm∂n. ImcWw, AXp-aqew Ah-cpsS \ne-]mSv, Ckvem-
anI `c-W-Øn¬ Hcp ImeØv "ZnΩn'Iƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ \ne-]m-Sm-
bn-Øo-cp-am-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ C∂m-Is´, C¥y≥ apkvenw-Iƒ AXn-
jvS-s∏-´p-sh-∂√, apkvenw- K-h¨sa‚p-IƒX-s∂bpw {]kvXpX hnj-
b-Øn¬ Rßsf A\p-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. Xp¿°nbpw A¬t_-\n-b-
bp-am-sW-¶n¬ Ahn-S∂pw aptºm-´p-I-S∂v hnhmlw, hnhm-l-tam-N\w,
A\-¥c - m-hI
- miw F∂n-hb- psS \nb-aß
- f- n¬t]mepw Rß-fpsS am\-
Z-fi-߃s°mØv "]cn-jvI-c-W-߃' hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bmWv! "\nb-
a-Øns‚ DZv`-h-ÿm\w ssZh-ln-X-amsW'∂ apkvenw-I-fpsS hn`m-
h\w Hcp "hnip≤ sI´p-IY' ( Pious fiction) bn¬ Ihn™ as‰m-
∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂ hkvXpX Ct∏mƒ {]Xy-£-s∏-´p- I-gn-™n-cn-
°p∂p!'' -temI apkvenw-Iƒ an°-hmdpw kwL-Sn-X-am-bn-Øs∂
Ckvem-an-s\-Xn-cn¬ \evIn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ I¿a-km-£y-am-WnXv!
\mhp-sIm≠v \mw F¥p-Xs∂ ]d-bs´, Cu Zo\ns‚ bmsXmcp ]cn-
 kXy-km£yw
]m-Snbpw \ap-°n-jvS-a-s√∂pw AXns‚ bmsXmcp \nb-a-Ønepw
\ΩpsS hnP-b-tam-£-߃ ImWp-∂n-s√-∂p-amWv \ΩpsS kmaq-lnI
I¿aw km£yw hln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
\mw sNbvXp-t]m-cp∂, Cu kXyw ad-®p-sh-°-en-s‚bpw I≈-
km-£y-Øn-s‚bpw A\-¥-c-^-e-ambn CØcw ISpØ A]-cm-[-
߃°v ssZhn-I -\n-b-a-Øn¬ \n›-bn® in£tbtXm AXp-Xs∂
\ap°v A\p-`-hn-t°-≠-Xmbn h∂n-cn-°p∂p. Hcp P\X A√m-lp-
hns‚ A\p-{K-lsØ X≈n-°-f-bp-Ibpw Xß-fpsS {kjvSm-hn-t\mSv
[n°mcw {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-]£w A√mlp Ahsc Cl-
tem-IØpw ]c-tem-IØpw in£n-°p-∂-XmWv. blq-Z≥amsc kw_-
‘n-®n-S-tØmfw A√m-lp-hns‚ Cu \S-]-Sn-{Iaw ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-°-gn-
™n-´p≠v. Ct∏mƒ \Ω-fmWv {]Xn-°q-´n¬ \nev°p-∂Xv. Cu Ip‰-
Øn\v blq-Z-∑msc am{Xw in£n-°m≥, A√m-lp-hn\v Ah-tcmSv
bmsXmcp hy‡n-hn-tZz-j-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. AtX A]-cm[w \mw
{]h¿Øn- ® n´pw in£- b n¬\n∂v c£- s ∏- S p- h m≥, A√m- l p- h n\v
\tΩmSv {]tXyI _‘-hp-an√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ \mw kXy-km-£y-
\n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ F{X-I≠v hogvN-h-cp-Øp-Ibpw Ak-Xy-km-£y-
Øn¬ \ΩpsS Ime-Sn-Iƒ F{X-th-K-Øn¬ apt∂m´v \oßp-Ibpw
sNbv X pthm, AtX tXmX- \ p- k - c n®v \mw A[x- ] - X n- ® p- t ]m∂p.
Ign™ Hcp \q‰m-≠n-\p-≈n¬ samtdmt°m apX¬ Ct¥m-t\-jy- hsc
\nc-h[n \mSp-Iƒ \ΩpsS ssIbn¬\n∂v hgp-Xn-t∏mbn. apkvenw
P\X Hs∂m-∂mbn ]cm-Pn-Xcpw `c-Wo-b-cp-ambn amdn. A¥- p-‰Xpw
A`n-am-\-I-c-hp-am-bn-cp∂ "apkvenw' F∂ \maw lo\-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw
A[x-]-X-\-Øn-s‚bpw Nn”-ambn cq]m-¥-c-s∏´p. temIØv bmsXmcp
A`n-am-\hpw \ap-°m-b-h-ti-jn-®n-´n√. Nnte-S-ß-fn¬ \Ωn¬s∏-´-h¿
Iq´- s °m- e bv ° v hnt[- b - c mbn. Nnte- S - ß - f n¬ \mw kzKr- l - ß -
fn¬\n∂v _ln-jvI-cn-°-s∏´p. thsd Nnte-S-ß-fn¬ lo\-amb in£
\ap-°-\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h∂p. C\nbpw Nnte-S-ß-fn¬ Zmky-hr-Øn-°p-
th≠n am{Xw \mw Poh-t\msS \ndp-Ø-s∏´p. C\n apkvenw-Iƒ°v
Xß-fp-tS-Xmb h√ Kh¨sa‚pw ht√-SØpw Ah-ti-jn-∏p-s≠-¶n¬
AhnsS Ah¿ ]cm-P-b-߃°v aosX ]cm-P-b-߃ A\p-`-hn-t°-
≠n-h-cp∂p. C∂-h¿ sshtZ-in-I -i-‡n-Isf `b-s∏´v hnd-sIm-≈p-I-
bmWv. hmkvX-h-am-Is´, Ah¿ hm°pw I¿ahpw aptJ\ Ckvem-
an\v km£yw hln-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ "AkXy'Øns‚ sImSn-
hm-l-I¿ Ahsc `b∂v hnd-bv°p-am-bn-cp∂p. Zqsc-t∏m-tI-≠-Xn√,
kXy-km£yw

C¥y-bn¬Xs∂ \ΩpsS Ahÿ Fs¥∂v t\m°q. kXy-km-£y-

Øn¬ \mw Ip‰-I-c-amb A\mÿ ImWn®p. A√, hm°pw I¿ahpw
hgn kXy-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬ km£yw hln®p. A\-¥-c-^-e-ambn Hmtcm
{]tZ-ihpw \ΩpsS ssIbn¬\n∂v \jvS-s∏´p. BZyw adm-Tn-Ifpw
kn°p-Imcpw \sΩ Nhn-´n-sa-Xn®p. ]n∂oSv {_n´o-jp-Im-cpsS ASn-
aØw \ΩpsS ta¬ ASn-t®¬]n-°-s∏´p. Ct∏m-gm-Is´, ]nev°m-e-
ß-fnse a¿Z-\-ß-sf√mw hnkva-cn-°p-amdv `bm-\-I-ß-fmb ISpØ
bmX-\-Iƒ \sΩ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. C∂v \ΩpsS I¨ap-
∂n-ep≈ G‰hpw henb {]iv\w `qcn-]£ ˛\yq\-]£ {]iv\-amWv.
lnµp-`q-cn-]£w \sΩ ASn-a-I-fm-°n-tb-°ptam, Chn-SsØ A[x-Ir-
X- k-ap-Zm-b-߃ A\p-`-hn-®p-I-gn™ AtX ZmcpW ]cn-Wmaw
\ap°pw ImtW-≠n-h-t∂-°ptam Ft∂m¿Øv \mw \Sp-ßp-I-bmWv!
F∂m¬, \mw Ckvem-ans‚ \njvI-f¶ km£n-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
\ap°v `b-s∏-S-Ø° h√ `qcn-]-£hpw ChnsS D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cpt∂m
F∂v ssZhsØ ap≥\n-dpØn \nß-sfm∂v Nn¥n®p t\m°pI.
hm°pw {]hr-Ønbpw hgn Ckvem-an\v km£yw hln-°p-∂-h-cmbn
C∂v \mw amdp-∂-]£w Cu \yq\-]£˛ `qcn-]£ {]iv\w GXm\pw
h¿j-߃°p-≈n¬ X\nsb Ah-km-\n®p t]mI-bnt√?
Atd-_y-bn¬ e£-Øn-sem-∂p -am{Xw hcp∂ sNdn-sbmcp \yq\-
]-£sØ `qap-J-Øp-\n∂v \nt»jw \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ ISpØ A{I-
an-Ifpw apgpØ ]£-]m-Xn-I-fp-amb `qcn-]£w I®-sI-´n-∏p-d-s∏´p.
F∂m¬, {]kvXpX \yq\-]£w Ckvem-an\v \njvI-f¶ km£yw
hln-°pI hgn ]Øp -sIm-√-Øn-\p-≈n¬ \qdp-°p-\qdpw F∂p ]d-
bm-hp∂ Xc-Øn¬ _lp-`q-cn-]-£-ambn. A\-¥cw B Ckvem-ans‚
km£n-Iƒ Atd-_y-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-IS- ∂ - t- ∏mƒ 25 h¿j-߃°p-
≈n¬ Xp¿°n-ÿm≥ apX¬ samtdmt°m hsc P\-tIm-Sn-Iƒ Ah-
cpsS kXy-km-£y-Øn¬ hniz-kn®p apt∂m-´p-h∂p. \qdp -i-X-am\w
aPq-kn-Ifpw _nw_m-cm-[-Icpw ss{IkvX-hcpw \nh-kn-®p-h-∂n-cp∂
{]tZ-i-ß-fn¬, \qdp-i-X-am\w apkvenw-Iƒ A[n-h-kn-®p-Xp-Sßn. h√
hmintbm imTytam h¿Kob ]£-]m-Xtam aX-]-c-amb k¶p-NnX
ho£-W-K-Xntbm H∂pw-Xs∂ kXy-Øns‚ kPo-hhpw \njvI-f-¶-
hp-amb km£y-Øn\p apºn¬ ASn-bp-d-®p- \n-ev°m≥ am{Xw i‡-
ß-fm-bn-´n√. F∂n-cns°, C∂v \mw Nhn-´n-tØ-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬˛
\msf CXnepw ITn-\-amb Nhn-t´-ev°p-sa∂v `b-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬˛
AXv kXysØ ad-®p-sh-°p-Ibpw I≈-km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw
 kXy-km£yw
sNbvX-Xns‚ in£-b-√msX as‰-¥mWv?
{]kvXpX A]-cm-[-Øn\v Cl-tem-I-Øp- sh-®p-Xs∂ \ap°v
In´nb in£-bm-WnXv. ]c-tem-I-Øm-sW-¶n¬, AXn-I-tTm-c-amb
in£-sb-°p-dn®v `b-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. kXy-km-£n-I-sf∂
\nebv°v \ΩpsS I¿Ø-hy-ßfpw Npa-X-e-Ifpw \mw icn°p \n¿h-
ln-°mØ Ime-tØmfw, `qap-J-sØßpw Zpcm-Nm-c-ßfpw Zp¿am¿K-
ßfpw A{Ia a¿Z-\-ßfpw Zp¿hr-Øn-Ifpw \S-am-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-
Xns‚ `mcn® _m[y-X-I-fn¬\n∂v \ap-s°m-cn-°epw Hgn-hm-IpI
km[y-a√. {]kvXpX Xn∑-Iƒ krjvSn-®-Xn-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw \ap-
°n-s√-¶nepw, Ah P∑-sa-Sp-Ø-Xn-\p≈ Imc-W-ß-f-h-ti-jn-∏n-°p-
Ibpw Ahsb hf¿∂v hnI-kn-°m-\-\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn\v
Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw DØ-c-hm-Zn-I-fmWv!
am\ytc, apkvenw-I-sf∂ \nebv°v \mw sNtø-≠Xv F¥m-bn-
cp∂p? sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥mWv? Ah-bpsS Zpc-¥-^-e-
߃ Fß-s\-sbm-s°-bmWv \mw A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv?
C{Xbpw {]kvXm-hn-®-Xn¬\n∂v \n߃ Ch {Kln-®n-cn°pw. hnj-
b-Øns‚ bmYm¿Yy-sØ-°p-dn®v Cu ho£-W-tIm-Wn-eqsS Nn¥n-
°p∂ ]£w, C¥y-bnepw a‰p \mSp-I-fnepw GtXXv {]iv\-ßsf
C∂v apkvenw-Iƒ Xß-fpsS kmap-Zm-bnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ km£m¬
{]iv\-ß-fmbn IW-°m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm, GXns‚ ]cn-lm-c-Øn-
\mbn Ipd-s®ms° kz¥w _p≤n I≠p-]n-Sn-®Xpw IqSp-X-embn A\y-
cn¬\n∂v I≠p-]-Tn-®-Xp-amb am¿K-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v Xo{h-bXv\w
sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂pthm AØcw {]iv\ß - s- fm-∂pw-Xs∂ Ah-cpsS
km£m¬ {]iv\-ß-f-s√∂pw, Ah-bpsS ]cn-lm-cm¿Yw kabw,
Ignhv, [\w F∂nh sNe-h-gn-®p- sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-X-{Xbpw ]mgvthe
am{X-am-sW∂pw \n߃°v kzbw hy‡-am-Ip-∂-XmWv. A[n-Im-chpw
B[n-]-Xy-hp-ap≈ `qcn-]-£-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v Hcp \yq\-
]£w AXns‚ AkvXn-Xzhpw Ah-Imi Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw Fßs\
kpc-£n-X-am-°Ww? Hcp `qcn-]£w AXns‚ ]cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ `qcn-]-
£-am-sW∂ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ X߃°v e`n-t°≠ B[n-]Xyw
Fßs\ Ic-ÿ-am-°Ww? `c-Wo-b-cmb kap-Zmbw, `cn-°p∂ Hcp
kap-Zm-bØ- ns‚ B[n-]X- y-Øn¬\n∂v Fßs\ kzX-{¥-amIpw? _e-
lo-\-amb kap-Zmbw `cn-°p∂ Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ B[n-]-Xy-
Øn¬\n∂v Fßs\ kzX-{¥-amIpw? _e-lo-\-amb kap-Zmbw GsX-
kXy-km£yw

¶nepw {]_-ek - a
- p-Zm-bØ
- ns‚ ssItb-‰Ø
- n¬\n∂v Xßsf Fßs\
c£-s∏-Sp-ØWw? temI-Ønse {]_e kap-Zm-b-߃°v e`n® A`n-
hr-≤nbpw i‡nbpw sFiz-cyhpw ]nt∂m-°- k-ap-Zm-b-߃ Fßs\
Ic-ÿ-am-°Ww? CXpw CXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰-t\Iw {]iv\-ßfpw Aap-
kvenw-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Xo¿®-bmbpw {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-h-
Xs∂; F∂√, {]Y-a-ÿm\w A¿ln-°p-∂-h-X-s∂bpw BImw. Ah-
cpsS apgp-h≥ {i≤bpw ]cn-{i-ahpw AØcw {]iv\-ß-fn¬ tI{µo-
Ir-X-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvtX°mw. F∂m¬, apkvenw-I-fmb \sΩ kw_-
‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ch-sbm∂pw \ΩpsS ÿncw {]iv\-ßf√; {]XypX,
\ΩpsS km£m¬ I¿Ø-hy-߃°p-t\sc \mw A\p-h¿Øn-®p-
t]m∂, C∂p-a-\p-h¿Øn-®p-t]m-cp∂ A{i-≤-bp-sSbpw Ah-K-W-\-bp-
sSbpw Xn‡-^-e-߃ am{X-am-WnXv. \ΩpsS km£m¬ tPmen \mw
\n¿h-ln-®p-t]m-∂n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ C{X-b-[nIw k¶o¿Whpw Akz-ÿ-
P-\-I-hp-amb hnj-a-{]-iv\-߃ \sΩ- kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-f-ap-Zv`-
hn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√. C∂p \mw {]kvXpX {]iv\-ß-fpsS ImSv sh´n-
sØ-fn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \ΩpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ hybw sNøp-∂n√. \ΩpsS
apgp-h≥ {i≤bpw XymK-]-cn-{i-a-ßfpw IrXy-\n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ tI{µo-
I-cn-°p-∂-]£w, \ap-s°-∂√, apgp-tem-I-Øn\pw ]cn-{`-a-P-\-I-amb
Cu {]iv\-߃ kzbw ]cn-lr-X-ß-fm-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂v ImWm-hp-∂-
XmWv. temI-Øns‚ kwkvI-c-W-Øn\pw kwhn-[m-\-Øn\pw DØ-c-
hm-Z-s∏-´-h¿ \Ω-fm-bn-cp∂p; \ΩpsS I¿Ø-hy- \n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ \mw
Dt]£ hcpØn; ^etam temIw apƒ°m-Sp-I-fm¬ Bhr-X-ambn.
ap≈p-I-tfsd \nd™ `mKw \ΩpsS Hml-cn-bn¬ hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXp!
apkvenw aX-t\-Xm-°fpw cmjv{So-bm-Nm-cy-∑mcpw Cu {]iv\w {Kln-
°m≥ {ian-°p-∂n-s√-∂Xv F{X ]cn-Xm-]-Icw! adn®v, "\nß-fpsS
km£m¬ {]iv\-߃' CtX \yq\-]£˛`qcn-]-£-Øn-s‚bpw tZi-
kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚bpw kap-Zmb kwc-£-W-Øn-s‚bpw `uXnI ]ptcm-
K-Xn-bp-sSbpw {]iv\-ß-fm-sW∂v Ah¿ apkvenw-Isf ]d™p [cn-
∏n-°p-I-bmWv. F∂n´v Ah-bpsS ]cn-lm-cm¿Yw X߃ Aap-kvenw-
I-fn¬\n∂p ]Tn® D]m-b-߃Xs∂ apkvenw-Iƒ°-h¿ \n¿tZ-in-
®p -sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. F∂m¬, ssZhm-kvXn-Iy-Øn¬ Rm≥
hniz-kn-°p-∂-{X-Xs∂ F\n-°p-d-∏p≠v, XnI®pw A_-≤-t\-Xr-Xz-
am-W-h¿ apkvenw-Iƒ°v \evIn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v. Cu am¿K-
 kXy-km£yw
ß-fn-eqsS Nen®v \n߃s°m-cn-°epw hnP-b-k-t¶-X-Øn-se-Øn-t®-
cpI km[y-a√. Rm≥ \nß-fpsS ISpØ t{Zmln-bm-bn-cn°pw, Cu
]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ \nß-fpsS km£m¬ Pohn-X-{]-iv\-sa-s¥∂v Ie-
hd IqSmsX Rm≥ \nß-ƒ°v hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬. Fs‚
hnizm-k-a-\p-k-cn®v, \nßfpsS h¿Ø-am-\hpw `mhnbpw Htc-sbmcp
tNmZy-tØmSv _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. ssZh-Zq-X≥ aptJ\ \n߃°v
e`n® k∑m¿K-tØmSv AXp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-
emWv \n߃ apkvenw-I-sf∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv; \nß-fn-jvS-s∏-´mepw
Cs√-¶nepw, {]kvXpX _‘w ImcWw temIØv Ckvem-ans‚ {]Xn-
\n-[n-I-fmbn \n߃ KWn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. B k∑m¿K-
tØmSv F¥v \b-amWv \nß-f-\p-h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv? CXmWm tNmZyw!
{]kvXpX k∑m¿KsØ \n߃ icn-°-\p-K-an-°p-Ibpw hm°pw
{]h¿Ø-\hpw hgn AXn\v km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw, \nß-fpsS kmaq-
ln-I-N-cy-bn¬ apgp-h≥ Ckvemapw apdbv°v {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°-s∏´p XpS-
ßp-I-bp-am-sW-¶n¬, \n w-ibw \n߃ Cl-tem-IØv {]Xm-]-im-
en-Ifpw ]c-tem-IØv hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X-cp-ambn `hn°pw, Xo¿®. C∂p
\nß-fpsS Xe-bv°p -aosX Xqßp∂ `b-Øn-s‚bpw ZpxJ-Øn-s‚bpw
ssZ\y-X-bp-sSbpw ]cm-P-b-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-a-Ø-Øn-s‚bpw Icm-f-
ta-L-߃ Nne h¿j-߃°Iw AI-∂p-am-dp-∂-Xp-amWv. \nß-fpsS
kXy-t_m-[-\hpw k®-cn-X-ßfpw lrZb˛akvXn-jvI-ßsf Iog-S-°n-
s°mt≠ t]mhpw. \nß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ aXn∏pw hnizm-khpw temIØv
thcp-dbv°pw; \oXn-bpsS {]Xo-£-Iƒ \nß-tfmSv am{Xw _‘n-°-
s∏Spw; temI-Øns‚ hnizmkw \nß-fpsS hniz-kvX-X-bnepw kXy-
k-‘-X-bnepw am{X-am-bn-cn°pw; \nß-fpsS hm°v {]am-W-am-bn-cn°pw;
\∑ \nß-fn¬\n∂v am{Xw {]Xo-£n-°-s∏Spw. Ak-Xy-Øns‚ BNm-
cy-∑m¿°v \nß-fpsS apºn¬ bmsXmcp \nebpw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂-X-
√; Ah-cpsS F√m XØz-im-kv{X-ßfpw cmjv{Sob˛kmº-ØnI kn-
≤m-¥ß - fpw \nß-fpsS kXy-X°pw k∑m¿K-Øn\pw apºn¬ tIhew
I≈-\m-W-b-ß-fmbn X≈-s∏Spw. Ah-cpsS Iymºn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂
i‡n-k-∂m-l-ß-sf√mw AS¿∂-S¿∂v Ckvem-ans‚ Iymºn-te°v
{]h-ln°pw. Aßs\ Hcp Imew hcpw; A∂v Iayq-Wnkw tamkvtIm-
hn¬Xs∂ c£m-am¿Kw ImWmsX ]cn-{`-an°pw. apX-em-fnØ sUtam-
{Ikn hmjnw-KvS-Wnepw \yqtbm¿°nepw t]mepw A`-b-ÿm-\-an-
√msX Ipgßpw. `uXn-I-hmZw e≠-\n-sebpw ]mco-kn-sebpw bq\n-
th-gvkn-‰n-I-fn¬ CSw e`n-°msX Dgepw. h¿Ko-b-Xz-Ønepw hwi-]m-
kXy-km£yw

c-ºcy al-Øz-Ønepw hniz-kn-°p-∂-hsc {_m“-W-cnepw P¿a≥Im-

cnepw IqSn Is≠-Øp-∂-X√. Ckvemw t]mep≈ AP-øhpw km¿h-
{Xn-I-hp-amb i‡n-bpsS hml-I¿ Hcp ImeØv "aqk-mbpsS hSn'
I£-Øn¬ sh®v sIm≈n-°-jW-ßfpw Ib-dp-Ifpw I≠v hnlz-e-
cm-Im≥ am{Xw hnUvVn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂ IY Ncn-{X-Ønse KpW-
]m-T-ambn am{Xw Ah-ti-jn°pw. \mw Ckvem-ans‚ \njvI-f¶ tkh-
Icpw \nkzm¿Y km£n-I-fp-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta Cßs\ Hcp
`mhn \ap°p {]Xo-£n-®p-IqSq. adn-®mWv \Ωp-sS \b-sa-¶n¬ \ΩpsS
Cl-temIw icn-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√∂p am{X-a√, ]c-tem-Ihpw Fs∂-t∂-
°p-ambn \jvS-s∏Spw. F¥mWv B \b-߃?
A√mlp \evInb k∑m¿Kw kw_-‘n®v \nt£]w Im°p∂
k¿∏-sØ-t∏mse, kzbw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm a‰p-≈-h¿°v D]-
tbm-Ks- ∏-Sp-hm≥ A\p-hZ- n-°p-Itbm sNømØ \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-°pI.
kzbw apkvenw-I-sf∂v hmZn®v Ckvem-ans‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmbn Na-
bp-∂p-sh-¶nepw hm°pw {]hr-Ønbpw hgn s]mXp-hn¬ Pmln-en-ø-
Xn\pw in¿In\pw `uXnI ]qP°pw [m¿anI Acm-P-I-Xz-Øn\pw km-
£yw hln-°pI. hnip≤ {KŸsØ sI´n-∏q-´n-sh®v am¿K-Z¿i-\-
Øn\v Ip^v¿ tI{µ-ßs - fbpw Zp¿am¿K-kt- ¶-Xß
- s
- fbpw kao-]n-°pI.
\mhp-sIm≠v ssZh-Øn-\p≈ ASn-aØw hmZn-°p-sa-¶nepw ^e-Øn¬
kIe ]nim-Nn\pw "XzmKqØn'\pw ASn-a-hrØn sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-
°pI. ssa{Xnbpw i{Xp-X-bp-sa√mw kztZ-l-Øn\pw kzm¿Y-Øn\pw
th≠n-bm-sW-¶nepw Ckvem-ans\ Hcp I£n-sb-t∂mWw AXn-te°v
hen-®n-g®v kzPo-hn-X-Øn\v Ckvem-ans‚ A\p-{K-l-߃ \jvS-s∏-
Sp-ØpI. am{X-a√; AXns‚ t\tc temI-Øn\v Ad∏pw shdp∏pw
P\n-∏n-°p-hm\pw {ian-°pI. AXn-s‚-sbms° A\-¥-c-^ew A√m-
lp-hns‚ k\m-X\ \S-]-Sn-b-\p-k-cn®v, C∂v \mw A\p-`-hn-°p∂
AtX Zpc-hÿ am{X-am-bn-cn°pw. `mhn CXnepw `bm-\-I-am-bn-cn-°pI
F∂Xpw hnZq-c-a√. Ckvem-ans‚ te_¬ am‰n ]c-ky-am-bn-Øs∂
Ip^v¿ ssIs°m-≈p∂ ]£w, Npcp-ßn-bXv Ata-cn-°-bp-sSbpw djy-
bp-sSbpw {_n´-s‚bpw Cl-temIw ]ptcm-K-an-®-Xp-t]mse \nß-fpsS
Cl-tem-Ihpw ]ptcm-K-an-t®°pw; F∂m¬, apkvenw Bbn P\n-°p-
Ibpw apkvenw-If - √
- msX h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Zo\n\v I≈-
{]m-Xn-\n[yw hln®v temI-Øn\v k∑m¿K-I-hmSw sIm´n-b-Sbv-°p-
Ibpw sNøpI F∂ Cu `b-¶c Ip‰w Cl-tem-I-Øp-Xs∂ \nßsf
 kXy-km£yw
Db-cm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-X√. Cu A]-cm-[-Øn\v hnip-≤ -Jp¿-B-\n¬
ap{Zn-X-am-bn-´p≈ in£-bn¬\n∂v˛ AXns‚ kPoh ZrjvSm-¥-ambn
PqX-ka - p-Zmbw \nß-fpsS apºn-ep≠v˛ Hgn-™p-am-dpI Hcp hn[-Ønepw
\n߃°v km[y-hp-a√. \n߃ GI-k-ap-Zm-b-hm-Z-am-Ip∂ Ffp-∏-
am¿Kw kzoI-cn-®mepw {]tXyI kmap-Zm-bn-IXzw AwKo-I-cn-®v Ah-
Im-i-߃ sh®phmßn-bmepw ^ew H∂p-Xs∂. {]kvXpX in£
XSp-°p-hm-\p≈ am¿Kw \nßfm Ip‰-Øn¬\n∂v hnc-an-°pI H∂p-am-
{X-amWv.
C\n, Pam-AsØ Ckveman F¥p-t±-iy-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv cwK-
{]-thiw sNbvXn-´p-≈-sX∂v Npcp-°-Øn¬ \nßsf Adn-bn-°p-hm≥
Rm\p-t±-in-°p∂p. Xß-fpsS Zo\mbn Ckvem-ans\ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂
kIe P\-ß-tfmSpw R߃°p≈ {]t_m-[\w, {]kvXpX Zo\ns\
bYm¿Y-Øn¬Xs∂ Xß-fpsS Zo\mbn AwKo-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂mWv.
hy‡n-]-c-ambn kzPo-hn-X-Ønepw kmaq-ln-I-ambn Xß-fpsS hoSv,
IpSpw_w, skmssk‰n, hnZym-e-b-߃, kmlnXyw, ]{Xw, I®-hSw,
kmº-ØnI CS-]m-Sp-Iƒ, kwL-S-\-Iƒ, kmap-Zm-bnI ÿm]-\-߃
F∂n-h-I-fnepw s]mXpth Xß-fpsS kmap-Zm-bn-I-\-b-Ønepw ^e-
Øn¬Xs∂ Ah-c-Xns\ ÿm]n-°Ww. Xß-fpsS hm°pw {]hr-
Ønbpw hgn temI-Øns‚ apºn¬ Ah-c-Xn\v \njvI-f-¶-ambn km-
£yw hln-°p-Ibpw thWw. apkvenw-I-tfmSv R߃ ]d-bp∂p: ap-
kvenw-I-sf∂ \nebv°v Zo\ns\ ÿm]n-°epw kXy-Øn\v km£yw-
h-ln-°epw \nß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ km£m-ep-t±-iy-amWv; X∂n-
anØw AXv, \nß-fpsS F√m hn[ A[zm\ ]cn-{i-a-ß-fp-sSbpw
tI{µhpw A®p-X-≠p-am-bn-cn-°Ww. AXn\v hncp-≤hpw Ckvem-ans\
sX‰mbn {]Xn-\n-[o-Ic - n-°p-∂X
- p-amb kIe hm°p-If
- n¬\n∂pw {]hr-
Øn-I-fn¬\n∂pw \n߃ ]q¿W-ambpw hnc-an-°Ww; Ckvem-ans\
apºn¬h-®p-sIm≠v \nß-fpsS apgp-h≥ hm°p-I-sfbpw I¿a-ß-sf-
bpw-Ip-dn®v ]p\x-]-cn-tim-[\ \S-ØWw; Zo≥ AXns‚ ]q¿W-cq-]-
Øn¬ AXns‚ I¿a-cw-KØv ÿm]n-X-am-hp-Ibpw AXns‚ km£yw
icn°pw apdbv°pw ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-Ibpw e£y-]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn\v
aXn-bm-I-Ø-°-hn[w temI-Øn\p apºn¬ AXns\ ka¿∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpI-sb∂ am¿K-Øn¬ apgp-h≥ XymK-]-cn-{i-a-ßfpw \nß-f¿∏n-
°Ww.
CXt{X Pam- A sØ Ckv e m- a n- b psS ÿm]- \ - Ø ns‚ GI
kXy-km£yw

Dt±iyw. Cu Dt±-iy-]q¿Øo-Ic - W
- Ø
- n\v \mw kzoI-cn® am¿Kw, BZy-
ambn apkvenw-Isf Ah-cpsS I¿Ø-hy-߃ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw,
Ckvemw Fs¥∂pw AXns‚ Xm¬]-cy-ß-sf-s¥m-s°-bm-sW∂pw
apkven-am-Ip-∂X
- ns‚ A¿Y-sa-s¥∂pw apkven-am-Ip-∂t- XmsS Fs¥m-
s° DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-fmWv a\p-jy-s‚- ta¬ h∂p-tN-cp-∂-sX∂pw
Ahsc hy‡-ambn Adn-bn-°p-I-bp-amWv.
Cu kwK-Xn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°nb P\-ßsf ]n∂oSv \mw Adn-bn-
°p-∂-Xn-XmWv: Ckvem-ans‚ apgp-h≥ Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw hy‡n-]-c-am-
bn- am{Xw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°pI km[y-a√. AXn\v kwL-SnX ]cn-{iaw
Xs∂ Bh-iy-amWv. Zo\ns‚ \t∂ Ipd-s™mcp `mKw-am-{X-amWv
hy‡n-Po-hn-X-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p-In-S-°p-∂Xv. AXv \n߃ ÿm]n-
®m¬X-s∂bpw apgp-h≥ Zo\pw ÿm]n-X-am-hp-I-bn√. apgp-h≥ Zo\n-
s‚bpw km£y-\n¿h-lWw ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-I-bp-an√. F∂√, kmaq-
lnI Pohn-X-Øn¬ Ip^v¿ hyh-ÿ-bmWv B[n-]Xyw sNep-Øp-∂-
sX-¶n¬ hy‡n-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ Xs∂ an° hi-ß-fnepw Zo\ns\
ÿm]n°pI Akm-[y-am-bn-cn°pw; kmaq-ln-I -hy-h-ÿ-bpsS B{I-
aWw hy‡n-]-c-amb Ckvem-anI PohnX ]cn-[n-Isf Zn\w-{]Xn IpSp-
 m-°n-s°mt≠ t]mIp-∂X - p-amWv. AXn-\m¬, apgp-h≥ Zo\pw ÿm]n-
°p-hm\pw AXn\v icn°v km£yw hln-°p-hm\pw kwL-Sn-X -]-cn-
{iaw XnI®pw A\n-hm-cy-am-Ip∂p. apkvenw-I-fm-Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬ h∂p-
tN-cp∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-sf-°p-dn®v icn°v t_m[-ap-≈-hcpw Ah
\n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ Bflm¿Y-ambn Dt±-in-°p-∂-h-cp-amb kIe P\-
ßfpw kwL-Snt® Xocq. kwL-SnX am¿tKW Zo\ns\ ^e-Øn¬
ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw temIsØ AXn-te°v £Wn-°p-hm\pw Ah¿
]cn-{i-an-°Ww; "CJm-a-Xp-±o\n's‚bpw kXy-{]-t_m-[-\-Øn-s‚bpw
am¿Kw XS- -s∏-Sp-Øp∂ F√m {]Xn-_-‘-ßfpw Ah¿ X´n-\o-
°Ww˛CXp-sIm-≠mWv Zo\n¬ kwL-S\ \n¿_-‘-am-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-
∂Xv. Zo\ns‚ ÿm]-\-Øn\pw kXy-{]-t_m-[-\-Øn\pw th≠n-bp≈
]cn-{i-a-Øns‚ {Iaw, BZyw Hcp kpkw-L-SnX ]m¿´n \ne-hn¬h-cn-
Ibpw ]n∂oSv A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ XymK-]-cn-{i-a-߃ A¿∏n-
°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww. CXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv
kwL-S\ IqSm-sX-bp≈ Pohn-XsØ Pmln-enøm Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw
kwL-S-\-bn¬\n∂v thdn´p \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xns\ Ckvem-ap-ambn
_‘w apdn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw ]cym-b-ambn IW-°m-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-
 kXy-km£yw
∂Xpw.*
Cu bmYm¿Yyw {Kln-°p-Ibpw XZv^-e-ambn, Zo\n-∂p-th≠n
kz¥w hy‡n-Xzhpw Bfl-]q-Pbpw _en-I-gn®v kwL-S\m hyh-
ÿbv°v hnt[-b-cm-I-Ø-°-hÆw, DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-t_m[w i‡n-s∏-
Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ P\-ß-tfmSv R߃°v ]d-bm-\p-≈-Xn-XmWv:
Ct∏mƒ \nß-fpsS apºn¬ aq∂v am¿K-ß-fp≠v; Ah-bn¬ \n߃°n-
jvS-ap≈ GXp- am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°p-hm\pw ]q¿W- kzm-X-{¥y-ap≠v.
AXm-bXv Rß-fpsS {]t_m-[\w, BZ¿iw, e£yw, kwL-S-\m-
* Xmsg D≤-cn-°p∂ \_n-h-N-\-am-Wn-hnsS kqNnXw:

(Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv A©v Imcy-߃ Iev]n-°p∂p. A√m-lp-hmWv AsX-t∂mSv

Iev]n-®Xv: kwL-Sn-°pI. (t\Xm-hns‚) B⁄m-\n¿tZ-i-߃ {ihn-°pI. A\p-
k-cn°pI. A√m-lp-hn-\mbn (th≠n-h-∂m¬) kztZiw XyPn-°pI. ssZh-am¿K-
Øn¬ kacw sNøpI. Hcmƒ kwL-S-\-bn¬\n∂v Hcp Nm¨ hn´-I-∂p-t]m-bm¬
˛kwL-S-\-bn-te°v aS-ßn-h-∂n-s√-¶n¬˛ Ckvem-ans‚ _‘sØ Xs‚ Igp-
Øn¬\n∂v Ah≥ s]m´n-s®-dn™p. Pmln-en-ø-Øn-te°v (`n∂n-∏n-te°pw kwL-
S-\m-cm-ln-Xy-Øn-te°pw) £Wn-°p-∂-h≥ \c-I-hm-kn-bmWv. kzlm-_n-am¿
tNmZn®p: "Ah≥ t\mº-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw (\c-
I-hm-kn-X-s∂-bmtWm?)' Xncp-ta\n Acpƒ sNbvXp: "AsX. Ah≥ \a-kvI-cn-
°p-Ibpw t\mº-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw apkven-sa∂v hmZn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw (\c-
I-hmkn Xs∂).''
Cu \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ aq∂v kwKXn hy‡-am-Ip∂p:
1. BZy-ambn kwL-S\ \ne-hn¬h-cp-Ibpw F√m hy‡n-Ifpw t\Xr-XzsØ
k¿hm-fl\m A\p-k-cn°pw F∂ Ahÿ kwPm-X-am-°pI. ]n∂oSv ]cn-Xx-ÿn-
Xnbpw kµ¿`hpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ "lnPvd'bpsSbpw "PnlmZn's‚bpw
am¿Kw ssIs°m-≈pI˛ CXmWv Ckvem-anI {]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ icn-bmb {Iaw.
2. kwL-S-\-bn¬\n-∂p≈ th¿]mSv Ckvem-an¬\n-∂p≈ th¿]m-Sn\p Xpey-
amWv. Bcpw Btcbpw A\p-k-cn-°m-Xn-cp∂, Ckvem-an\p apºsØ "Pmln-enøm'
Pohn-X-Øn-te°v a\p-jy≥ Xncn-®p-t]m-Ip-I-sb∂mW-Xns‚ A¿Yw.
3. Ckvem-ans‚ an° Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw km£m¬ Dt±-iy-ßfpw kwL-S-\bpw
kwL-SnX ]cn-{i-a-ßfpw hgnt° ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m-\mhq. AXn-\m¬, kwL-S-\-
bn¬\n∂v hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂-hs\˛Ah≥ \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw t\mº-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw
apkven-sa∂v hmZn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w˛ Ckvem-an¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-I-S-
∂-h-\mbn \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n IW-°m-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p. CtX lZo-kns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-
W-am-bmWv

(kwL-S\ IqSmsX Ckvem-an√) F∂v Da-dp-_v\p¬ JØzm_v(d) ]d-™n-´p-≈Xv.

kXy-km£yw

hy-hÿ, {]h¿Ø-\-am¿Kw F∂n-h-sb√mw km£m¬ Ckvem-an-I-

am-sW∂pw Jp¿-B\pw kp∂-Xp-a-\p-k-cn®v apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚
km£m¬ I¿Ø-hy-tatXm AXv \n¿h-ln-°p-hm-\mWv R߃ Hcp-
ßn-∏p-d-s∏-´n-´p-≈-sX∂pw \nß-fpsS lrZbw km£yw hln-°p-∂p-
sh-¶n¬ Rß-fpsS IqsS hcpI. C\n h√ Imc-W-h-imepw Rß-
fn¬ \n-߃°v kwXr-]vXn-bn-√msX hcp-Ibpw km£m¬ Ckvem-
anI e£y-Øn-\p-th≠n, Ckvem-anI am¿K-Øn-eqsS {]h¿Øn-®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ at‰-sX-¶nepw kwL-S\ \nß-fpsS ZrjvSn-bn-ep-≠m-
bn-cn-°p-I-bp-am-sW-¶n¬ AXn¬ tN¿∂p {]h¿Øn-°pI; AØcw
Hcp kwL-S\ ZrjvSn-bn¬ s]´n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ R߃X-s∂bpw
AXn¬ {]th-in-®n-cp-t∂s\! ImcWw "Rß-fpsS iIew CjvSn-I-
sIm≠v thdn-s´mcp ]≈n \n¿an-°W'sa∂ Iº-sam∂pw R߃°n-
√. C\n Rß-fpsS ]m¿´n-bntem a‰p ]m¿´n-I-fntem H∂pw \n߃°v
hnizmkw hcp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ckvem-anI I¿Ø-hy -\n¿h-l-Wm¿Yw
\n߃ kzbw Hcp-ßn-∏p-d-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. kºq¿W Zo\ns\
kwÿm-]n-°p-Ibpw, hm°pw {]hr-Ønbpw hgn Ckvem-an\v km£yw
hln-°p-Ibpw sNøpI-sb∂ e£yw AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp
kw-L-S\ Ckvem-an-I -am¿K-a-\p-k-cn®v \n߃ kzbw cq]o-I-cn-t°-
≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. Cu aq∂v am¿K-ß-fn¬ GsXm∂p \nß-f-h-ew-_n-
®mepw ssZhm-\p-{K-l-Øm¬ kXy-am¿K-Øn¬X-s∂-bm-bn-cn°pw.
Rß-fp-tSXv am{X-amWv "kXy-kwLw' Ft∂m Rß-fpsS kwL-S-
\-bn-e-√m-Ø-h¿ Ak-Xy-am¿K-Øn-em-sWt∂m Rß-sfm-cn-°epw
hmZn-®n-´n√. kpt_m-[-ap≈ Ime-tØmfw Aßs\ hmZn-°pI km[y-
hp-a√. P\-ßsf Rß-fpsS ]m¿´n-bn-te°v Rß-sfm-cn-°epw £Wn-
®n-´n√; apkvenw-I-sf∂ \nebv°v Rß-fp-sSbpw \nß-fp-sSbpw ta¬
A¿∏n-X-amb `mcn® _m[yX \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xn-te°v hcpI F∂p
am{X-amWv Rß-fpsS £Ww. B I¿Øhyw \n߃ \n¿h-ln-®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]£w˛ Rß-fp-ambn kl-Ic - n®p sIm≠m-sW-¶nepw
As√-¶nepw˛ \n߃ kXy-Øn-emWv. F∂m¬, I¿Ø-hy -\n¿h-l-
W-Øn\p kzbw apt∂m´v hcm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw a‰m-sc-¶nepw apt∂m´v
h∂m¬ Ah-cp-ambn kl-I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw IpX¿°-߃ ]d-
™pw IpX-{¥-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®pw _men-i-amb Hgn-I-gn-hp-I-fp-b¿Øn-
∏n-Sn®pw "CJm-a-Xp-±o\n's‚bpw kXy-km£y \n¿h-l-W-Øn-s‚bpw
I¿Ø-hy-Øn¬\n∂v kq{X-Øn¬ Hgn-™p amdp-I-bmWv \n߃
sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬, kXy-Zo-\n\p ]Icw a‰p h√ hyh-ÿbpw ÿm]n-
 kXy-km£yw
°p-∂-Xn\pw Ckvem-an\p ]Icw a‰p h√-Xn\pw hm°pw {]h¿Ø-
\hpw hgn km£yw hln-°p-∂-Xn-\p-amWv \nß-fpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ
Zp¿hybw sNøp-∂-Xp-sa-¶n¬ AsXmcp hn[-Ønepw icn-bm-bn-cn-°n√.
Cl-tem-Ihpw AXns‚ Bƒ°mcpw am{X-am-bn-´mWv \ap-°n-S-s]-tS-
≠n-bn-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ X{¥-ßfpw X´n-∏p-Ifpw hgn Imcyw t\Sm≥
t\m°m-am-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬, \ap-°n-S-s]-tS-≠Xv lrZb cl-ky-ß-
f-dn-bp∂ k¿h-⁄-\mb A√m-lp-hp-am-bn-´mWv. Ahs\ h©n-°p-
hmt\m sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°p-hmt\m km[y-a√!
Htc e£y-Øn\pw Htc {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p-ambn hnhn[ kwL-S-
\-Iƒ DS-se-Sp-°p-I-sb-∂Xv {]Xy-£-Øn¬ sX‰mbn tXm∂n-tb-°m-
sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an√. On{Z-Xbv°pw Ipg-∏-Øn\pw [mcmfw ]gp-Xp-
≈-Xp-am-WXv. ]t£, Ckvem-ans‚ kmaq-ln-I-L-S\ Xmdp-am-dm-bn-
°-gn-bp-Ibpw {]iv\w B hyh-ÿsb \S-Øp-I-sb-∂-X√, ]p\x-
ÿm-]n-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ, apkvenw kap-
Zmbw H∂-S¶w Dƒs°m-≠p≈ A¬P-am-AØv˛ Hmtcm apkven-an\pw
{]th-i\w \n¿_-‘a - m-bn-´p≈, hn´p-\n-ev°¬ "Pmln-en-øXn'\pw hn´p-
t]m-c¬ ap¿Ø-±m-I-en\pw Xpey-am-bn-´p≈ AJne temI Ckvem-
anI Pam-AØv˛ {]mcw-`-Øn¬-Xs∂ {]Xy-£-Øn¬ hcpI Hcn-°epw
km[y-a√. BZy-amZyw Hmtcm {]tZ-iØpw Hmtcm kwL-S-\-Iƒ XZm-
h-iym¿Yw cq]o-Ir-X-ambn kz¥w \nebv°v {]h¿Øn-®p-t]m-cp-I-b-
√msX KXy-¥-c-an√. HSp-hn¬ Cu kwL-S-\-I-sf√mw H∂m-bn-Øocpw.
kzm¿Yw, Xo{h-hmZw, `uXn-I-Xm¬]cyw F∂o amen-\y-ß-fn¬\n∂v
]cn-ip-≤-\mbn Bflm¿Y-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn km£m¬ Ckvem-anI e£yw
{]m]n-°m≥ Ckvem-anI am¿K-Øn¬°qSn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬,
kXy-am¿K-Øn¬ Nen-°p-∂-h¿°v A[n-I-Imew AI-∂p-\n-ev°pI
km[y-a√. kXyw C∂-s√-¶n¬ \msf Ahsc Iq´n-bn-W-°pI Xs∂
sNøpw. ImcWw, kXy-Øns‚ {]IrXn Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-Xs∂
kwL-S\, CW°w, cRvPn∏v, sFIyw F∂n-h-bmWv. kXy-tØm-
sSm-∂n®v kzev]w AkXyw Ie-cp-Itbm ]pdØv kXy-Øns‚ {]Z¿i-
\hpw AIØv AkXyw {]h¿Øn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa-
¶n¬ am{Xta `n∂n∏pw Ipg-∏hpw s]m´n-∏p-d-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q.
C\n, Rß-fpsS Cu kwL-S-\sb CjvS-s∏´v AXn¬ {]th-in-
°p∂ P\-ß-tfmSv Rß-sf-¥mWv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv? Rß-fpsS
]°¬ Ah¿°v F¥v tPmen-bm-Wp-≈Xv? Hmtcm apkven-an-t\mSpw
kXy-km£yw

Ckvemw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬ Ihn™v bmsXm∂pw AwK-ß-tfmSv

R߃°m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-hm-\n√. Ckvem-ans‚ km£m¬ Bh-iy-ß-
fn¬ Hc-Wp-thm-f-sa-¶nepw R߃ Iq´p-Itbm Ipd-bv°p-Itbm sNøp-
∂n√. apgp-h≥ Ckvem-ans\ bmsXmcp G‰-°p-dhpw IqSmsX Hmtcm
hy‡n-bp-sSbpw apºn¬ R߃ ka¿∏n-°p∂p; Cu Zo\ns\ t_m[-
]q¿hw kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂pw AXns‚ Bh-iy-߃ ]Tn-®-dn™v
icn°pw apdbv°pw \n¿h-ln-°-W-sa∂pw, Zo\ns‚ hn[n-Iƒt°m
Bflm-hnt\m hncp-≤-ambn h√Xpw Xß-fpsS Bi-bm-Z¿i-ß-fntem
hm°p-I-fntem {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fntem ÿew ]nSn-®n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-
sb√mw \nt»jw ]pd-sØ-dn™p If-b-W-sa∂pw, Xß-fpsS apgp-
h≥ Pohn-X-Ønepw "Ckveman'∂v km£yw hln-°-W-sa∂pw Rß-
f-h-tcmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. CXt{X Rß-fpsS {]th-
i\ ^okv! Rß-fpsS ]m¿´n-bw-K-Xz-Øn-\p≈ \nb-a-hy-h-ÿbpw
CXp-Xs∂. Rß-fpsS `c-W-L-S-\bpw kwL-S-\m-hy-h-ÿbpw
{]t_m-[\ e£y-hp-sa√mw kIe P\-ß-fp-sSbpw apºn¬ Xpd-∂p-
In-S-∏p≠v. km£m¬ Ckvem-an¬˛ Jp¿-B-s‚bpw kp∂-Xn-s‚bpw
AkvXn-hm-c-Øn¬ sI´n-bp-b¿Ø-s∏´ Ckvem-an¬˛ h√Xpw R߃
G‰p-Itbm Ipd-bv°p-Itbm sNbvXn-´pt≠m F∂v B¿°v thW-sa-
¶nepw ]cn-tim-[n-®p-t\m°mw. GsX-¶nepw hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v, AXv
Jp¿-B-s‚bpw kp∂-Xn-s‚bpw in£-W-ß-fn¬ R߃ Iq´n-t®¿Ø-
Xm-sW∂v B¿Xs∂ sXfn-bn-®mepw, Rß-fn¬\n-∂-Xns\ X≈n-
°-f-bp-hm≥ GX-h-k-c-Ønepw k∂-≤-cmWv. AXp-t]mse Jp¿-B-
s‚bpw kp∂-Xn-s‚bpw in£-W-Øn-ep≈ H∂pw Rß-fpsS ]°-
en- s √∂v B¿ Nq≠n- ° m- W n- ® p- X - c p- I - b m- s W- ¶ nepw \µn- ] q¿hw
RßfXv ssIs°m-≈pw. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, apgp-h≥ Zo\n-s\bpw
bmsXmcp G‰-°p-dhpw hcp-ØmsX ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw AXn\p
km£yw hln-°p-hm-\p-amWv R߃ Hcp-ßn-∏p-d-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-sX-
∂n-cns°, Cu e£y-Øn¬ R߃ I]-S-∑m-cm-sW-∂p-h-∂m¬ Rß-
fn¬]cw A{I-an-Iƒ a‰m-cmWv?
Rß-fpsS kwL-S-\m -hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ {]th-in-°p-∂-h¿°v Rß-
fp-sS ASp-°-ep≈ GI tPmen, Ah¿ hm°pw {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw
hgn C-kvem-an\v km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw Ckvem-anI hyh-ÿnXn
]q¿W-cq-]-Øn¬ ÿm]n-°p-hm-\mbn kwL-SnX ]cn-{iaw \S-Øp-
Ibpw Aßs\ kXy-km-£y-I¿Øhyw ]q¿W-ambn \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw
sNøpI-sb-∂-XmWv. hm°p-aq-e-ap≈ km£y-Øns‚ Imcy-am-sW-
 kXy-km£yw
¶n¬, Xß-fpsS Ignhpw {]m]vXn-bp-a-\p-k-cn®v, \mhp-sIm≠pw t]\-
sIm≠pw Ckvem-an\v G‰hpw bp‡-amb km£yw hln-°m≥ k∂-
≤-cm-I-Ø-°-hn[w AwK-߃°v R߃ ]cn-io-e\w \evIp∂p.
AJne PohnX {]iv\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ Ckvem-anI in£-W-ß-
fpsS kXy-Xbpw khn-ti-j-Xbpw hn⁄m\ kmln-Xy-ß-fpsS
kIe hIp-∏p-I-fnepw temI-Øn\v kwL-Sn-X-ambn Xpd-∂p-Im-
Wn°pw. Cu Bh-iym¿Yw {]kn-≤o-I-cW {]Nm-c-W-ß-fpsS km[y-
amb F√m am¿K-ßfpw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw CXn-\p≈ ÿm-]-
\-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. I¿aw hgn-°p≈
km£y-am-sW-¶n¬, H∂m-a-Xmbn Hmtcm hy‡nbpw Ckvem-ans‚
kPoh km£n-bm-bn-Øocpw. Ckvemw AXns‚ km£m¬ ssNX-
\y-tØm-Sp-IqSn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWm≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp kpkw-
L-SnX skmssk‰n {]kvXpX hy‡n-I-fm¬ DS-se-SpØv hf¿∂p
hcn-Ibpw sNøpw. {]kvXpX skmssk‰n AXns‚ XymK-]-cn-{i-a-
߃ hgn \njn≤ hyh-ÿ-I-fpsS A[n-Im-cm-[n-]-Xy-a-h-km-\n-∏n®v
temIØv Ckvem-ans‚ ]q¿W {]mXn-\n[yw hln-°p∂ kXy-hy-
hÿ ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI-sb-∂-XmWv Rß-fpsS ]cn-{ia
D∂w.
am\ytc, CXmWv Rß-fpsS e£yw; CXt{X Rß-fpsS ]cn-
]mSn. CXv Hcp apkven-an\v Bt£-]n-°-Ø° hnj-b-am-bn-Øo¿t∂-
°p-sa∂v R߃ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂n√. F∂m¬, kw`-hn-®-Xn-XmWv:
Cu am¿K-Øn¬ R߃ Imse-Sp-Øp-sh® H∂mw Znhkw apX¬°p-
Xs∂ Bt£-]m-[n-t£-]-ß-fpsS HSp-ßmØ Hcp Pe-{]-hmlw
B¿Øn-c-ºn-h-cp-I-bmWv!
F√m Bt£-]-ßfpw ]cn-K-W-\m¿l-ß-f√; Hcp {]kw-K-Øn¬
Ah-sb√mw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°pI km[y-hp-a√. AXn-\m¬, \nß-fpsS Cu
\K- c - Ø n¬ sX‰n- ≤ m- c - W - I ƒ {]N- c n- ∏ n- ° p- h m- \ p- ] - t bm- K n- ° p∂
Bt£-]-ß-sf-°p-dn®p am{Xta Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ Rm≥ \nßsf
DW¿Øp-hm-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂p≈q:
""\nß-fpsS Cu Pam-AØv, Ckvem-an¬ ]pXnb I£n°v ASn-
Ød ]mIp-I-bmsW''∂v Bt£-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v. F∂m¬, I£n-
Xz-Øns‚ km£m¬ Imc-W-߃ Fs¥m-s°-bm-sW∂v, Bt£-
]-ap-∂-bn-°p-∂-h¿°v Hcp-]t£ Adn-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°-n√. Zo\n¬ ]m¿´n-
]n-Sn-Øhpw I£n-Xzhpw krjvSn-®p-hn-Sp-∂X
- n\v t{]c-Iß
- f
- mb hkvXp-
kXy-km£yw

°-sf-√m-sa-SpØv ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-]£w Ah \men-\-ß-fmbn hn`-

Pn°mw. H∂v: km-£m¬ Zo\n¬ C√mØ Fs¥-¶n-ep-sam∂v Iq´n-
t®¿Øv AXns\ Ip^v d pw Cuam\pw XΩn- e p≈ `n∂n- ∏ nt\m
k∑m¿Khpw Zp¿am¿Khpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-Ønt\m ASn-Ø-d-
bm-°pI. c≠v: Zo\nse GsX-¶n-ep-samcp {]tXyI {]iv\-Øn\v,
InXm_pw kp∂-Xp-a-\p-k-cn®v AXn\v e`n-®n-´n-√mØ {]m[m\yw
\evIp-Ibpw F∂n´v AtX {]iv\sØ I£n-Xz-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-
am-°p-Ibpw sNøpI. aq∂v: Kth-j-Wm-fl-Ihpw CPvXn-lm-Zo-]-c-hp-
amb {]iv\-ß-fn¬ AXncpI-hn-bp-Ibpw AØcw {]iv\-ß-fn¬ Xß-
fp-tS-X-√mØ am¿K-ß-f-h-ew-_n-®-hsc ]ng-®-htcm ^mkn-Jp-Itfm
Im^n-dp-Itfm Bbn hn[n-I¬]n-°p-Itbm Npcp-ßn-bXv Ah-tcmSv
hnth-N-\-]-c-ambn s]cp-am-dp-Itbm sNøpI. \mev: \_n(k) Xncp-
ta-\n°v tij-ap≈ GsX-¶n-ep-sam-cm-fpsS {]tXyI hy‡n-Xz-Øn¬
AXncpI-hn-bp-Ibpw, AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm \nc-kn-°p-Itbm sNøp-
∂Xv Cuam∂pw Ip^vdn∂pw am\-Z-fi-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈
h√ ÿm\-]-Z-hnbpw Abmƒ°p-≈-Xmbn hmZn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI.
As√-¶n¬ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp kwL-S\, Xß-fn¬ {]th-in-®-h¿ am{X-
amWv kXy-Øn-se∂pw a‰p apkvenw-I-sf√mw Ak-Xy-Øn-em-sW∂pw
hmZn-°pI.
Rm≥ tNmZn-°p∂p, {]kvXpX \men-\-ß-fn¬ GXn-\-Øn¬s]´
A_-≤-amWv R߃ {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≈Xv? C∂ C\-Øn¬ R߃
sX‰p sNbvXn-´p-s≠∂v sXfn-hp-Iƒ klnXw Bsc-¶nepw Nq≠n-
°m-Wn-®p-X-cp∂ ]£w, R߃ DS≥ ]›m-Ø-]n®p aS-ßp-∂-XmWv.
sX‰p-Xn-cpØn kzbw kwkvI-cn-°p∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ Rß-sfm-cn-
°epw Ae-k-∑m-cm-hp-I-bn√. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ I£n-Xzhpw
`n∂n∏pw krjvSn-°p-hm-\√, A√m-lp-hns‚ Zo≥ ÿm]n-°p-hm-\mWv
R߃ ]pd-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv. F∂m¬, AØcw bmsXm-c-_-≤hpw
R߃ sNbvXn-´n-s√-¶n¬, Rß-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ hgn I£nXzw
DS-se-Sp-°p-sa∂v `b-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-ßs\?
km£m¬ Ckvemw˛ G‰-°p-d-hp-I-fn-√mØ ]q¿W Ckvemw˛
ssIbn-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠mWv R߃ ]pd-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv. "hcp-hn≥,
\ap°v HØp-tN¿∂v AXns\ ^e-Øn¬ ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw temI-
Øn\v apºn¬ AXn\v km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw sNøpI' F∂v am{X-
amWv apkvenw-I-tfm-Sp≈ \ΩpsS {]t_m-[\w.
 kXy-km£yw
Zo\ns‚ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp {]iv\-sØtbm Nne {]iv\-ß-sftbm
A√, apgp-h≥ Zo\n-s\-bmWv kwL-S\
- b
- psS ASn-ÿm-\a
- mbn R߃
AwKo-I-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv.
CPvXn-lm-Zo-]-c-amb {]iv\-ß-fn¬, ico-A-Øns‚ \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-
bn¬ ]gp-Xp≈ F√m "aZvl_p'Ifpw am¿K-ßfpw kXy-sa∂v R߃
AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p. {]kvXpX aZvl-_p-I-fn¬ X\n°v kwXr]vXn tXm-
∂p∂ H∂n-\-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°m-\p≈ Ah-Imiw kz¥w \ne-
bv°v Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw R߃ hI-sh-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p-ap≠v. F-
∂m¬, CPvXn-lm-Zo-]-c-amb GsX-¶n-ep-samcp {]tXyI am¿K-Øns‚
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]m¿´n-]n-Sn-Øhpw I£n-am-’-cyhpw Rß-f-\p-h-
Zn-°p-∂-X√.
kz¥w ]m¿´nsb kw_-‘n®v AXn-cp-I-hn™ bmsXmcp hnizm-
khpw R߃ sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-∂n√. kXyw Rß-fpsS ]m¿´n-°p-
≈n¬ am{Xw ]cn-an-Xa - m-sW∂v Rß-sfm-cn-°epw hmZn-®n-´p-an√. Rß-
fpsS I¿Ø-hy-sØ-°p-dn®v t_m[w-h-∂-t∏mƒ AXv \n¿h-ln-°p-
hm- \ mbn R߃ apt∂m´v h∂p- s h- t ∂- b p≈q. AtXm- s Sm∏w
\n߃°p≈ I¿Øhyw \nßsf Hm¿an-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Rß-
tfm-sSm∏w tN¿t∂m thdnt´m kwL-Snt®m Fßs\ thW-sa-¶nepw
\n߃°v I¿Øhyw \n¿h-ln°mw; C\n a‰m-sc-¶nepw I¿Øhyw
\n¿h-ln-°p-∂X - mbn ImWp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ \n߃°v Ah-cp-ambn kl-
I-cn°mw. "Cam-dXn'(t\XrXzw)s‚ hnj-b-Ønepw AXncpI-hn™
\ne-]mSv sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-∂n√. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp {]tXyI hy‡n-
XzsØ Ah-ew-_n-®p-sIm-≠√ Rßfo {]ÿm-\-hp-ambn aptºm´v
h∂n-´p-≈Xv. CXns‚ t\Xm-hn\v GsX-¶nepw Nne {]tXyI ]Z-hn-
Iƒ R߃ hmZn-°p-∂p-an√; Abm-sf-°p-dn®v amlm-fly-ß-fp-sSbpw
shfn-]m-Sp-I-fp-sSbpw AZv`p-X-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-sSbpw IY-Iƒ {]Nm-cWw
sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p-an√. Abm-tfm-Sp≈ hy‡n-hn-izm-k-Øn-\p-ta¬ ]m¿´n
sI´n-∏-Sp-°-s∏-´n-´n√. B hy‡n-Xz-Øn-te°v £Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-an√.
t\Xm-hns‚ {]h-N-\-߃, kz]v\-߃, shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ, AZv`p-X-߃,
amlm-fly-߃ F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿®-I-fn¬ \n∂v Rß-fpsS
{]ÿm\w XnI®pw ]cn-ip-≤-amWv. ChnsS £Ww hy‡n-bn-tet°m
hy‡n-If - n-tet°m A√, hnip-≤J - p¿-Bs‚ \n¿tZ-ia
- \
- p-kc
- n® Hmtcm
apkv e n- a n- s ‚bpw Pohn- X - e - £ y- t atXm B e£y- Ø n- t e- ° mWv ;
"Ckvemw' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ XØz-kw-ln-X-bn-te-°mWv.
kXy-km£yw

Cu e£y-{]m-]vXn-°mbn, Cu XØz-ßf - \
- p-kc
- n®v Rß-fp-ambn kl-
I-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°m-\p-t±-in-°p∂ F√m-hcpw Rß-fpsS ]m¿´n-bn¬
ka-\n-eb- n¬ AwK-ßf - m-hp∂p. Cu AwK-߃ Xß-fn¬\n∂v Hcmsf
Aaodm(t\Xmhv)bn sXc-s™-Sp-°p∂p. "Cam-dXv' (t\XrXzw) Abm-
fpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb Ah-Im-i-am-sW∂ \ne-bv°√, kwL-Sn-X-am-
bp≈ GXp {]h¿Ø-\-Øn\pw Hcp t\Xmhv IqSn-tb -I-gnbq F∂-
Xp-sIm-≠p- am{Xw. Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Cu Aao¿ \o°w sNø-s∏-
Sm-hp-∂Xpw kwL-S\ - b
- n-ep≈ as‰mcp hy‡n X¬ÿm-\t- Ø-°v sXc-
s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xp-amWv. Cu Aao¿ apgp-h≥ apkvenw kap-Zm-
b-Øn-s‚bpw Aao-d√; Cu ]m¿´n-bpsS am{Xw Aao-dmWv. ]m¿´n-bn-
epƒs∏-´-h¿°v am{Xta Abmsf A\p-k-cn-°¬ \n¿_-‘-ap≈q.
Abm-fpsS ssI°v "ss_AXp' sNøm-Ø-h¿ "Pmln-enøm acWw
hcn-°p'sa∂ bmsXmcp [mc-Wbpw Rß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn-en√.
Rß-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-am¿Kw CXm-sW-¶n¬, Cu {]ÿm\w hgn
kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Hcp ]pXnb h¿Kw Fß-s\-bm-Wp-S-se-Sp-°p-I-sb∂v
A√m-lpsh ap≥\n-dp-Øn-sbm∂v ]d-™p-X-∂mepw! \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn
CtX A_-≤-ß-fn¬s]´v Ign-bp∂ P\-ß-fmWv Cu Btcm-]-W-
߃ Rß-fpsS t\¿°v sXmSp-Øp-hn-Sp-∂s - X-∂p-≈X - mWv Gsd hnNn-
{X-am-bn-´p-≈Xv. Ah¿ ImcWw ]m¿´n-]n-Sn-Øhpw I£na’-c-hp-am-
Ip∂ \miw ]S¿∂p-]n-Sn-°p∂p; kz]v\-ßfpw shfn-]m-Sp-Ifpw AZv`p-
X-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-amWv Ah-cpsS N¿®m hnj-b-߃. Xß-fpsS kIe
{]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp "lZvdØn't\mSp≈ hy‡n-hn-izm-
k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv XpS¿∂p-t]m-cp-∂Xv. Nne {]tXyI
hy‡n-Iƒ°v Nne {]tXyI ÿm\-]-Z-hn-Iƒ Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ hmZn-
°-s∏-Sp∂p. imJm-]-c-amb {]iv\-ß-fn-ep≈ X¿°-hn-X¿°-ßfpw
hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Zß
- fpw Ah-cn¬ k¿h-km-[m-cW- a
- mWv. "aZvl_p'IfpsS
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tNcn-]n-cn-®nepw I£n-a-’-c-ßfpw \nXy-kw-`-h-
ß-fmWv. shdp∏v hnNm-cn-°p-I-bn-s√-¶n¬ Rm≥ Xpd∂p ]d-bs´,
Ahsc Acniw sIm≈n® km£m¬ A]-cm[w Rß-sf-∏‰n Ah¿
]pd-Øp-]-d-bp-∂-X√; {]XypX, Ah-cpsS C—-Iƒ°v CjvS-an-√mØ
km£m¬ Zo\o-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-te°v R߃ {]t_m-[\w \S-Øn-
sb-∂p-≈-XmWv. Ah-cn-Xp -hsc ssIs°m≠ am¿K-ß-fpsS A_≤w
\·-ambn ]pd-Øp-h-cm≥ CS-bm-°p-∂-hn[w {]kvXpX tPmen-°mbn
R߃ icn-bmb am¿Kw Ah-ew-_n-®p-sh-∂p-≈-XmWv!
 kXy-km£yw
Rß-tfmSv ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p: ""Zo\n-\p-th≠n {]h¿Øn-°p-I-bmWv
\n߃°v th≠-sX-¶n¬ AXv kk-t¥mjw sNbvXp-sIm-≈pI;
]t£, AXn-∂mbn Hcp {]tXyI kwL-S\ Hcp {]tXyI t]cn¬
F¥n\v ÿm]n®p? AXp-hgn kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]nf¿∏p-≠m-hp-I-bmWv
sNøpI.'' hmkvXh - Ø
- n¬ AXn-hn-Nn-{X-amb Hcm-t£-]a - m-WnXv. Rm≥
Aº-c-°p-I-bmWv. aX-]-c-amb I£n-a-’-c-߃°pw X\n-`u-XnI
Xm¬]- c y- ß ƒ°pw th≠n ]m›m- X y≥ {]Pm- b - Ø - c o- X n- b ntem
^mknÃv k{º-Zm-b-Øntem apkvenw-I-fp-sS-Øs∂ kwL-S-\-Iƒ
{]tXyI t]cp-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn DS-se-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv im¥-a-
\-t msS kln-®p-t]m-cp∂p; F∂m¬, Zo\ns‚ km£m¬ {]h¿Ø-
\-߃°mbn X\n Ckvem-anI XØz-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v h√ kwL-S-\bpw
cq]o-Ir-X-am-hp-∂-]£w DS≥ kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]nf¿∏n-s‚bpw `n∂n-
∏n-s‚bpw A]-I-S-aWn apg-ßn-Øp-S-ßp-I-bmbn! kln-°m≥ Ign-bm-
Ø- X mbn Cusbmcp kwL- S - \ m - c q- ] o- I - c Ww am{X- t a- b p≈q!
CXn¬\n∂v kwi-bn-t°-≠Xv, Bt£-]-I¿°v bYm¿Y-Øn-ep≈
Aa¿jw kwL-S\m cq]o-I-cW-tØm-S√, Zo\ns‚ km£m¬ tPmen
\n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn kwL-S\ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-em-Ip∂p. F∂n-
cp-∂mepw AØ-c-°msc hn\-b-]q¿hw Rm\p-W¿-Øp∂p: kwL-S\
D≠m-°p-I-sb∂ Cu A]-cm[w Hcp hnt\m-Z-am-bn-´√, \n¿_-‘n-X-
cm-bn-´mWv R߃ sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv. kwL-S-\m- cq-]o-I-c-W-Øn-\p -
apºv ]e h¿j-ß-tfmfw Rm≥ H‰-bv°p-Xs∂ kap-Zm-bsØ DZvt_m-
[n-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p-sh∂v F√m-h¿°p-a-dnbmw. "A√tbm apkvenw-
Itf, GtXXv am¿K-ß-fn-emWv \nß-fpsS Ign-hp-Ifpw ]cn-{i-a-ßfpw
Zp¿hybw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv! \n߃°v {]h¿Øn-°m-\p≈
km£m¬ tPmen CXmWv: apgp-h≥ XymK-]-cn-{i-a-ßfpw CsXm-∂n¬
tI{µo-I-cn-°pI' F∂v Rm\-hsc DW¿Øn-s°m-t≠-bn-cp∂p. Cu
£Ww F√m apkvenw-Ifpw kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ apkvenw-I-fn¬
Hcp ]m¿´n F∂-Xn-\p -]-Icw apkvenw-I-fpsS Hcp ]m¿´n cq]o-Ir-X-
am-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p. Npcp-ßn-bXv, C¥ysb kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØm-fsa-
¶nepw km£m¬ "A¬P-am-AØv'˛ - GsXm-∂ns‚ km∂n-[y-Øn¬
as‰mcp ]m¿´n cq]o-I-cn-°pI ico-A-Øns‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ \njn-≤-
amtWm B A¬P-am-AØv˛ {]Xy-£-Øn¬ hcp-am-bn-cp∂p. AYhm,
apkvenw-I-fpsS hnhn[ kwL-S-\-I-fn¬ Hs∂-¶nepw B {]t_m-[\w
AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ k∂-≤X {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXp-sIm-s≠-
¶nepw R߃ Xr]vXn-b-S™p kk-t¥mjw AXn¬ {]th-in-°p-
kXy-km£yw

am-bn-cp∂p. ]t£, hnfn®p hnfn®p R߃ Xf¿∂p; tIƒ°m≥

Bcpw k∂-≤-cm-bn√. At∏mƒ \n¿_-‘n-X-cmbn R߃ Xocp-am-
\n®p, Cu tPmen kXy-sa∂pw \n¿_-‘-sa∂pw {Kln-®p-I-gn™
P\-߃ kzbw kwL-Sn®v, AXn-\mbn kmaq-lnI ]cn-{iaw \S-Ø-
W-sa∂v. CX-√msX as‰-¥mWv R߃ sNtø-≠n-bn-cp-∂Xv? Cu
tPmen \n¿_-‘-am-sW-∂-Xns\ \n߃ \ntj-[n-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬
AXn-\p≈ sXfn-shm∂p tIƒ°-s´. C\n \ntj-[n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬,
C∂v \ne-hn-ep≈ hnhn[ kwL-S-\-Iƒ CtX I¿Ø-hy-amtWm
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ \n¿h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv Fs∂m∂v ]d-™p-
X-∂mepw. CsXm-∂p-a-s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂ I¿Øhyw a\- n-em°n AXv
\n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ ap∂n-´n-d-ßp-∂-hsc A]-cm-[n-I-fmbn KWn-°m≥
am{Xw \nß-fn∂p A[x-]-Xn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°-bmtWm?
Rß-fpsS t\sc D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ as‰mcp Bt£]w, ""\nß-
fpsS t\Xm-hn\v Aao¿ F∂ hm°v F¥n\v kzoI-cn®p? ]c-am-[n-
Im-c-ap≈ Bƒ°p- am-{Xta "Aaosd't∂m "Camsa't∂m ]d-bs∏Sm-
hq'' F∂mWv. Cu hmZ-Øn-\p-t]m-Zv_-e-I-ambn Nne lZo-kp-Ifpw
FSp-Øp-∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ka¿Yn-°-s∏-
Sp∂p: "Cam-aXv' F∂m¬, ⁄m\-Øn-s‚tbm \a-kvIm-c-Øn-s‚tbm
bp≤-Øn-s‚tbm Cam-a-XmWv; CXv aq∂p-a-√msX "Cam-aXn's‚ as‰m-
cn-\hpw ico-A-Xn-en√ F∂v. Ckvem-anI hyh-ÿnXn cmjv{So-bm-[n-
]-Xy-L-´-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-Ibpw ]c-am-[n-Im-c-ap≈ "Cam-aØv '
ÿm]n- X - a m- h p- I bpw sNbv X n- c p∂ ImesØ kw_- ‘ n- ° p∂
"^nJvlpw' lZo-kp-Ifpw am{Xta Cu Bt£-]-ap-∂-bn-°p-∂-
h¿°-dn-bp-I-bp≈q. apkvenw-I-fpsS kwL-S-\bv°v A[n-Im-c-i‡n
\jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ckvem-ans‚ kwL-S-\m-hy-hÿ Xmdp-am-dm-hp-Ibpw
sNøp∂ kµ¿`-ß-fn-te-°p≈ ico-AXv hn[n-I-sf-s¥m-s°-sb∂v
Ah¿°-dn-™p-IqSm. Rm\-h-tcmSv tNmZn-°p∂p, AØcw ]cn-Xx-
ÿn-Xn-bn¬ apkvenw-I-fn¬ Hmtcm hy‡nbpw H‰-s∏´v \ne-sIm-≈p-
Ibpw ""A√m-lpth, cmjv{So-bm-[n-Im-c-ap≈ Hcp "Caman's\ Ab-®p-
X-tc-Wta'' F∂v {]m¿Yn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bp-amtWm th≠Xv?
AX√, AØcw Cam-aXv ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ h√ kwL-SnX {iahpw
th≠-Xpt≠m? Ds≠-∂p-X-s∂-bmWv Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-sX-¶n¬ kwL-
S\ cq]o-I-cn-°msX a‰p h√ kwL-SnX ]cn-{i-ahpw km[y-amtWm
F∂v Ah¿-Xs∂ kZbw ]d-™p-X-tc-≠-XmWv. kwL-S-\-bp-≠m-
°msX KXy-¥-c-an-s√∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Hcp t\Xm-hn-s\-
 kXy-km£yw
°q-SmsX GsX-¶nepw kwL-S\ hyh-ÿm-]n-X-ambn \S-°pI km[y-
amtWm? t\Xm-hns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw Ah¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-
¶n¬, Ckvem-anI e£y-Øn-\mbn cq]o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Ckvem-anI
kwL-S-\-bpsS t\Xm-hn\v Ckvem-an¬ F¥v kmt¶-Xn-I-]-Z-amWv
\n›-bn-°s - ∏-´n-´p-≈s- X∂v Ah¿ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p-X∂ - m¬ aXn. Ah¿
\n¿tZ-in-°p∂ kmt¶-Xn-I-]Zw GXm-bmepw˛ Ckvem-anI kmt¶-
Xn-I] - Z- a
- m-sW-¶n¬˛ Rß-fXv kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≈mw. As√-¶n¬]ns∂,
cmjv{So-bm-[n-Imcw e`n-®X - n\p tij-ap≈ Ah-ÿs - b-°p-dn®v am{Xta
Ckvem-an¬ \n¿tZ-i-ap-≈q-sh∂pw, A[n-Im-c-an-√mØ Ah-ÿ-bn¬
AsX-ßs\ Ic-ÿa - m-°W- s
- a-∂X
- n-s\-°p-dn®v bmsXmcp \n¿tZ-ihpw
Ckvemw \evIn-bn-´n-s√∂pw, AXn\v apXn-cp-∂-h¿ A\n-kvem-anI
]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw A\n-kvem-anI ]Z-ßfpw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
A°mcyw \n¿h-ln-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw Ah¿ Xpd-∂p-]-d-bs´! CX√
Ah-cpsS Dt±-iy-sa-¶n¬ A[y-£≥, eoU¿, "JmCZv' XpS-ßnb
kmt¶-XnI ]Z-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ kk-t¥mjw kln-°p-
Ibpw F∂m¬, "Aao¿' F∂ Ckvem-anI kmt¶-Xn-I]Zw tIƒ°p-
∂ am{X-bn¬ hnd-fn-sb-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv Rßsf kw-_-‘n-
®n-S-tØmfw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bmØ IS¶Y-bm-bn-cn-°p∂p!
Cu {]iv\w {Kln-°p-∂X- n¬ s]mXpth P\-߃°v hnjaw t\cn-
Sp-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-ap≠v: \_n(k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØv "Aaosd'-
t∂m "Camsa't∂m D≈ kmt¶-XnI ]Z-߃ D]-tbm-K-s∏-´p-sIm-
≠n-cp∂ L´-Øn¬ Ckvem-an-I-`-cWw ÿm]n-X-am-bn-°-gn-™n-´p-≠m-
bn-cp∂p. Ckvem-anI `cWw \ne-hn-en-√m-Xn-cp∂ L´-Øn¬ Xncp-ta-
\n-Xs∂ {]hm-N-I-s\∂ \nebv°v CJm-a-Xp-±o-\n-\p -th-≠n-bp≈ ]cn-
{i-a-߃°v t\XrXzw hln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. AXn-\m¬,
"Cam-dXn's‚tbm "Cam-aXn's‚tbm kmt¶-Xn-I-]-Z-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-
t°-≠p∂ bmsXmcp kµ¿`-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. F∂m¬, apkvenw-
I-fpsS F√m kmaq-lnI {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw Ckvemw {Iahpw hyh-
ÿbpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠∂v, Ckvem-ans‚ apgp-hy-h-ÿbpw
apºn¬sh®v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-]£w \njv{]-bmkw {Kln-°m-hp-∂-
XmWv. AXn\v Ckvemw \n¿tZ-in-°p∂ icn-bmb cq]-am-Is´,
{]h¿Ø\w kwL-Sn-X-ambn \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂p-≈-XmWv.
kwL-S-\-bn¬ A\p-k-c-Whpw A®-S-°hpw D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww; Hcp
hy‡n AXns‚ "Aao¿' (t\Xmhv) Bbn-cn-°bpw thWw. \a-
kvImcw \n¿h-ln-°p-tºmƒ kwL-Sn-X-ambn \n¿h-ln-°p-Ibpw AXn-
kXy-km£yw

s\mcp "Camw' (t\Xmhv) D≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. l÷m-sW-

¶n¬ AXpw kwL-Sn-X-ambpw Aao-dn\v Iogn-embpw \n¿h-ln-°Ww.
F∂√, aq∂m-fp-Iƒ bm{X ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ ]£w Ahcpw kwL-Sn-X-
cmbn bm{X sNtø-≠Xpw Xß-fn¬ Hcmsf Aao-dm-t°-≠X - p-am-Ip∂p.
""aq∂m- f p- I ƒ bm{X ]pd- s ∏- ´ m¬ Ah- c n- s em- c msf Aao¿
B°s´''*
Ckvem-anI ico-A-Øns‚ Cu Bflm-hn-s\-bmWv Da¿(d)
Cßs\ hnh-cn-®Xv:
""kwL-S-\- Iq-SmsX Ckvem-an√; t\Xr-Xz-an-√msX kwL-S-\-bn√;
A\p-k-c-W-an-√msX t\Xr-Xz-hp-an√.''**
BI-bm¬, CJm-a-Xp-±o-\n\pw kXy-km-£y -\n¿h-l-W-Øn\pw
th≠n-bp≈ XymK-]-cn-{i-a-߃°mbn cq]o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kwL-S-
\-bpsS t\Xm-hn\v "Aaosd't∂m "Camsa't∂m D]-tbm-Kn-°-p-∂Xv
XnI®pw icnbpw \ymb-hp-am-sW-∂mWv R߃ a\- n-em-°n-bn-´p-
≈Xv. F∂m¬, "Camw'F∂ ]Z-Øn¬ Nne {]tXyI A¿Y-߃
]‰n-∏n-Sn-®p-I-gn-™n-´p-≈Xp \nanØw Ipg-∏-ß-fn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-
hm-\mbn, {]kvXpX hm°p-t]-£n®v "Aaosd'∂ ]Z-amWv Rß-fp-
]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.
C∆n[w kwL-S-\-bpsS t\Xm-hmbn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp∂ hy-
‡n°v kImØv ]ncn-s®-Sp-°m≥ Ah-Im-i-an-s√∂pw Ckvem-anI
Kh¨sa‚ns‚ Aao-dn\p am{Xta AXn-\-[n-Im-c-ap-≈q-sh-∂p-ap≈
AXn-hn-Nn-{X-amb Hcm-t£-]hpw ChnsS tIƒ°m≥ Ign™p. kIm-
Xv ]ncn-s®-Sp-°p-∂Xv kw_-‘n-®p≈ Rß-fpsS ]cn-]mSn, Bt£-

*
"apkv\Zv AlvaZn'emIs´, A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Dadn(d)¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-
´-Xmbn h∂n-´p≈ hm°p-Iƒ C{]-Im-c-amWv:

(GsX-¶nepw hnP-\-{]-tZ-i-Øp≈ aq∂p-t]¿ Xß-fn¬ Hcmsf Xß-fpsS Aao-dm-

°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah¿°v Xotc A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a√.) bm{X-bn¬ am{X-a√, GX-h-
ÿ-bnepw apkvenw-Iƒ kwL-Sn-X-cm-bn-Øs∂ PohnXw \bn-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw
Ah-cpsS bmsXmcp kmaq-lnI {]h¿Ø-\hpw kwL-S\ - bpw Cam-aØ
- pw- Iq-SmsX
\n¿h-ln-°m-h-X-s√∂pw CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p≠v.

**
 kXy-km£yw
]w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-h¿°v Hcp-]t£ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-
≠m-bn-cn-°-n√. apkvenw-I-sf√mw Ah-cpsS kImXv ss_Xp¬am-en¬
sIm≠p-h-∂-Sbv-°-W-sa∂p Rß-fm-h-iy-s∏-´n-´n√. Rßsf Gev]n-
°m-Ø-h-cpsS kImXv hoSp-I-bn-s√∂pw Rß-sfm-cn-°epw ]d-™n-
´n√. kImXv Pam-A-Xns‚ ss_Xp¬am-en¬ AS-bv°-W-sa∂v Rß-
fpsS Pam-A-Ønse AwK-ß-tfmSv am{Xta Rß-fm-h-iy-s∏-´n-´p≈q.
CXp-sIm≠v Rß-fp-t±-in-°p-∂Xv, ico-A-Xns‚ hnh-£-b-\p-k-cn®v
kwL-Sn-X-ambn kImXv tiJ-cn®v hnX-cWw sNøp-hm≥ apkvenw-
Iƒ ioen-°p-I-sb-∂p-≈-XmWv. Cßs\ R߃ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ ico-
A-Xns‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ h√ tZmj-hp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AsX-¥m-sW∂pw ico-
A-Xnse GXv hn[n-°m-W-sX-Xn-sc∂pw Zb-hp-sNbvXv Bsc-¶nepw
]d-™p-X-∂mepw! \a-kvImcw Akw-L-Sn-X-ambn hoSp-I-fn¬sh®v
\n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw kwL-Sn-X-ambn \n¿h-ln-°-W-sa∂v P\-
ß-tfmSv ]d-bp-hm≥ R߃°-h-Im-i-ap-s≠-¶n¬, kImXv H‰-bvs°m-
‰-°mbn sImSp-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw Iq´mbn \n¿h-ln-°-W-sa∂v ]d-
bp-hm≥ R߃°v F¥p-sIm-≠-h-Im-i-an√? hcn-kwJy ]ncn-°p-I-
bm-sW-¶n¬ Xc-t°-Sn-√. {]th-i\ ^okpw AwK-Xz-^okpw \n›-
bn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXpw \√Xv; ]t£, A√m-lphpw dkqepw
\n›-bn® I¿Øhyw \n¿h-ln-°p-hm-\mbn DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-I-bm-sW-
¶ntem AX-tß-b‰w \njn≤w! F{X hnNn-{X-am-WnXv!!
CXnepw ckm-h-l-amb as‰m-cm-t£]w ""Rß-sf-¥n\v ss_Xp¬
am¬ ÿm]n®p''sh∂p-≈-XmWv. CØcw Bt£-]-߃ tIƒ°p-
tºmƒ, Ckvem-ans‚ kmt¶-XnI ]Z-ß-tfm-Sp-Xs∂ C°q-´¿s°t¥m
Aa¿j-ap-≈-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n-t∏m-Ip∂p! kmaq-lnI {]h¿Ø-\-ß-
fn¬ [\w sNe-h-gn-°m≥ th≠n-bp≈ JP-\mhv GsXmcp ]m¿´nbpw
kwL-S-\bpw ÿm]n-°p-sa-∂Xv hy‡-amWv. Rß-fpsS kwL-S-
\bv°pw Aß-s\-sbm-∂p-≠v. Rß-f-Xn\v "ss_Xp¬-am¬' F∂p
]d-bp∂p. ImcWw, AXmWv Ckvem-anI kmt¶-XnI ]Zw! JPm\
F∂m-Wv Rßf-Xns\ hnfn-®-sX-¶n¬ Ch¿°v bmsXm-cm-t£-]-hp-
ap-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n√. "{Sjdn' F∂mWv ]d-™n-cp-∂-sX-¶nepw Ch¿
k¥p-jvS-cm-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬, Hcn-kvem-anI kmt¶-Xn-I-]Zw D]-
tbm-Kn-®-t∏mƒ AXn-h¿°v kln-°m-\m-hp-∂n√!
Cu Bt£-]-ßfn¬ an°Xpw Atß-b‰w \nc¿Y-ß-fmWv. Ah
FSp-Øp-∂-bn®v adp-]Sn \evIn-s°m≠v kZ-ky-cpsS kabw ]mgm-
°p-hm≥ Rms\m-cn-°epw CjvS-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂n√, F∂m¬, Bt£-
]-ß-fpsS Nne amXr-I-Iƒ ChnsS FSp-Øp-∂-bn-®-Xn¬ F\n-s°m-
kXy-km£yw
cp-t±-iy-ap≠v. AXm-bXv, I¿Ø-hy-߃ kzbw \n¿h-ln-°p-hmt\m
a‰p-≈-hsc \n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-hmt\m Hcp-°-an-√mØ P\-
߃ FØcw IpX-{¥-ßfpw Hgn-I-gn-hp-Ifpw Bt£-]-ßfpw kwi-
b-ß-fp-amWv sXc™p ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-I-sb∂pw, A√m-lp-hns‚
am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v kzbw ]n¥n-cn-bp-hm\pw a‰p-≈-hsc ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°p-
hm\pw Fs¥ms° {ia-ß-fm-W-h¿ \S-Øp-I-sb∂pw CXn¬\n∂v
\n߃°v {Kln-°m-hp-∂-XmWv. hg°pw h°m-Whpw X¿°-hn-X¿°-
ßfpw hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-ßfpw Rß-fpsS am¿K-a√. Rß-fpsS hnjbw
t\¿°p-t\sc {Kln-°p-hm≥ Bsc-¶nepw B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬
Ahsc {Kln-∏n-°m≥ GX-h-k-c-Ønepw R߃ Xøm-dp≠v; Rß-
fpsS A_-≤-߃ \ymb-amb am¿-tKW Rßsf {Kln-∏n-°p-hm≥
h√-hcpw B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXv {Kln-°p-hm\pw Rß-sfm-cp-
°-amWv. F∂m¬, kzbw sI´n-∏n-W-bp-Ibpw a‰p-≈-hsc sI´n-∏n-
W-bv°p-Ibpw am{X-amWv Hcm-fpsS e£y-sa-¶n¬ Aß-s\-bp-≈-h-
cp-ambn CS-s]-Sp-hm≥ Rß-sfm´pw CjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn√. Xs‚ tPmen
Xm\p-t±-in-°p∂ Ime-tØmfw \S-Øn-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ Abmƒ-
°v kzmX-{¥y-ap≠v.

ooo