Animal reproduction

By mohamed mohamed And James Anthony

Sperm cells
There are two gametes involved in sexual reproduction . The sperm cell and the egg cell. The sperm cell is made up of three main parts the head ,the midsection and the tail , the head contains the nucleus and is covered a acrosome ( hydrolytic enzyme ) used to breakdown the jelly coat surrounding the egg cell . the midsection contains the mitochondria needed for respiration it is wrapped around the tail . The tiail is used for movement .

Egg cell
Egg cell are found in the ovaries there are thousands of the them and one is released once a month . The egg cell is surrounded by the follicle cells and under the follicle cell there is a jelly coat for protecting the cell . Inside the cell there is a nucleus ( haploid nucleus ) surrounded by cortical graduals and plasma membrane. The cortical granules prevent more than one cell sell from perverting the egg cell

Fertilization
A sperm cell makes its way through the follicle cells then capacitation takes place ( acrosome breaks down the jelly coat ) which leaves a tiny opening for a sperm to pass through to the plasma membrane. The head of the sperm is engulf secondary oocyte plasma membrane .the cortical graduals are removed by exocytosis after the sperm nucleus to prevent other sperm from entering . Then meiosis two occurs then the 2 haploid nucleuses fuse making a diploid cell immediately after the new nucleus divides by mitosis