Organizational Structure and Systems

The link between strategy formulation and implementation

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The Five Basic Parts of the Organization

Strategic Apex

Middle Line

Operating Core
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Operating Core
Those who perform that basic work related directly to the production of products and services
Secure inputs for production Transform the inputs into outputs Distribute the outputs Provide direct support (performing maintenance on operating machines/inventorying the raw materials
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Strategic Apex
People who have responsibility to serve the org. mission in an effective way and serve the needs of those who control or otherwise have power over the organization.
Direct supervision: resource allocation, org. design and structure, leader, disseminator, etc. Management of Org.s boundary conditions relationships with environment, e.g., spokesperson, liaison, negotiator, etc. Development of Org.s strategy
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Middle Line
Strategic apex is joined to the operating core bye the chain of middle-line managers with formal authority
Senior managers to first-line supervisors Feedback, information gathering and disseminating both up and down chain of command Span of control (# of people supervised) Hierarchy (levels of control); Scalar chain (direct line of supervision; unity of command (subordinate should have only one supervisor Own chief executive officerHR of area of authority Dr Satish Pai-CEO,Eunet Solutions 5

Technostructure
Analysts and support staffs
Removed from operating work flow but they may design it, plan it, change it, or train people who do it. Control analysts serve to effect standardization in the organization.
Work study analysts (industrial engineers standardize work processes) Planning and control analysts (long range planners, budget analysts, accountants standardize out puts Personnel analysts ( trainers and recruiters standardize skills)

Database management and control (SAP, Oracle, etc.)

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Support Staff
Specialized units that exist to provide support to the organization outside of the work flow
Legal counsel Public Relations Research and Development Industrial Relations Payroll, pricing Mailroom, cafeteria
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Elements in Organizational Structure and Design

1 - Designation of formal reporting systems. 2 - Grouping of individuals into departments 3 - Design of systems of communication.
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The Basic Mechanisms of Coordination

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The Basic Organization Structures

Functional Divisional Hierarchical Line and Staff Task Force Matrix
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Grouping by Function
Board of Directors

Director General

Finance

Operations

Public Relations

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Grouping by Market
Deputy Postmaster General

Atlantic Postal Region

Quebec Postal Region

Western Postal Region

Nova Scotia Postal District

NewFoundland Postal District

Montreal Metro Area Postal Plant

Quebec East Postal District

Manitoba Postal District

Alberta Postal District

New Brunswick & PEI Postal District

Quebec West Postal District Dr Satish Pai-CEO,Eunet HR Solutions

Saskatchewan Postal District 12

(a) Hierarchical Structures

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(b) Line and Staff Structure Dr Satish Pai-CEO,Eunet HR Solutions

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(c) Task Force)

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Satish Pai-CEO,Eunet HR Solutions (d)DrMatrix Structure

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The Situational Factors

Age Size Technical System Environment Power
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The Organizational Configurations

Entrepreneurial Machine Professional Diversified Innovative Missionary Political
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Basic Pulls on the Organization

Politics Pulling HR Apart Dr Satish Pai-CEO,Eunet Solutions

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The Entrepreneurial Organization

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The Machine Organization

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The Professional Organization

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The Diversified Organization

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The Innovative Organization

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The Missionary Organization

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The Political Organization

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An Integrating Pentagon of Forces and Forms

Figure 9

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