Dynamics and Mechanics D2

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1) Suppose you were sitting in a train in which a pendulum was hanging from the roof. Explain how you would know from observing the pendulum, whether or not, a. The train was accelerating forward b. The train was decelerating c. The train was traveling in a straight line at a constant speed 2) A horse is urged to pull a cart. The horse refuses to try, citing Newtons Third Law as his defense: If I can never exert a greater force on the cart than it exerts on me, how can I ever start the cart moving? asks the horse. How would you reply? 3) A man stands on a weighing scale in an elevator. In each of these situations, what will be the reading on the weighing scale? a. Elevator is stationary b. Elevator cable breaks (free fall) c. Elevator is accelerating upwards d. Elevator is moving at constant velocity 4) A stream of water is ejected horizontally at 30ms 1 from a nozzle of cross sectional area 40cm 2 and directed against a vertical wall situated close to the nozzle. Calculate the force exerted on the wall, if after hitting the wall, the water falls vertically to the ground (density of water = 1000 kgm 3 ) 5) A helicopter of mass 2500kg is hovering above a fixed spot on the ground at a constant height. To do so, its blades must spin at a high enough frequency such that the air below the blades can be pushed down at a sufficient velocity v . The area swept out by the blades is 80 m 2 . Calculate the value of the velocity with which the air below the blades is pushed down. (Density of air = 2.4 kgm 3 )

6) Sand is deposited at a uniform rate of 20 kgs 1 and with negligible kinetic energy on to an empty conveyor belt moving horizontally at a constant speed of 0.167 ms 1 . Find a. The force required to maintain constant velocity b. The power required to maintain constant velocity c. The rate of change of KE of the moving sand d. Why are the answers to part (b) and (c) different?
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