Tr n S# Tng

&(i s* 11

CH=>NG V ?O HM

1. !nh ngh$a '(o hm t(i m*t 'i-m Cho hm s y = f(x) xc $%nh trn kho(ng (a; b) v x0 (a; b): f ( x ) - f ( x0 ) Dy (Dx = x x0, Dy = f(x0 + Dx) f(x0)) = lim f '( x0 ) = lim D x 0 D x x x0 x - x0 N+u hm s y = f(x) c $-o hm t-i x0 th n lin t.c t-i $i0m $. 2. ngh$a c0a '(o hm ngh$a hnh h3c: + f (x0) l h2 s gc c3a ti+p tuy+n c3a $4 th% hm s y = f(x) t-i M ( x0 ; f ( x0 ) ) . + Khi $ ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a $4 th% hm s y = f(x) t-i M ( x0 ; y0 ) l: y y0 = f (x0).(x x0) ngh$a v4t l: + V7n t c t8c th:i c3a chuy0n $<ng th=ng xc $%nh b?i ph56ng trnh s = s(t) t-i th:i $i0 m t0 l v(t0) = s(t0). + C5:ng $< t8c th:i c3a $i2n l5@ng Q = Q(t) t-i th:i $i0m t0 l I(t0) = Q(t0). 3. Qui t5c tnh '(o hm n N ( x ) = 1 (C) = 0 (x) = 1 (xn) = n.xn1 n >1 2 x u uv - vu (u v) = u v (uv) = uv + vu (v 0) = v v2 1 v (ku) = ku =- 2 v v A-o hm c3a hm s h@p: N+u u = g(x) c $-o hm t-i x l ux v hm s y = f(u) c $-o hm t-i u l yu th hm s h@p y = f(g(x) c $-o hm t-i x l: y x = yu.u x 4. (o hm c0a hm s8 l9:ng gic sin x sin u( x ) lim = 1; lim = 1 (vBi lim u( x ) = 0 ) x 0 x x x0 u( x ) x x0 ( tan x ) = 1 ( cot x ) = - 1 (sinx) = cosx (cosx) = sinx 2 cos x sin 2 x 5. Vi phn dy = df ( x ) = f ( x ).D x f ( x 0 + D x ) f ( x 0 ) + f ( x 0 ).D x 6. (o hm c<p cao ( n -1) f ''( x ) = [ f '( x )] ; f '''( x ) = [ f ''( x )] ; f ( n) ( x ) = ( x) f (n N, n 4) ngh$a c; h3c: Gia t c t8c th:i c3a chuy0n $<ng s = f(t) t-i th:i $i0m t0 l a(t0) = f(t0).

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&(i s* 11

Tr n S# Tng

VAN C 1: Tnh '(o hm bEng '!nh ngh$a &- tnh 0(o hm c1a hm s* y = f(x) t(i 0i-m x0 b4ng 06nh ngh#a ta th8c hi:n cc b9;c: B1: Gi> s? Dx l s* gia c1a 0*i s* t(i x0. Tnh Dy = f(x0 + Dx) f(x0). Dy B2: Tnh lim . D x 0 D x Bai 1: Dng $%nh nghCa tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau t-i $i0m $5@c chF ra: a) y = f ( x ) = 2 x 2 - x + 2 t-i x0 = 1 c) y = f ( x ) = e) y = f ( x ) = 2x +1 t-i x0 = 2 x -1
3

b) y = f ( x ) = 3 - 2 x t-i x0 = 3 d) y = f ( x ) = sin x f) y = f ( x ) = t-i x0 =

p 6

x t-i x0 = 1

Bai 2: Dng $%nh nghCa tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: a) f ( x ) = x 2 - 3 x + 1 d) f ( x ) = 1 2x - 3 b) f ( x ) = x 3 - 2 x e) f ( x ) = sin x

x2 + x +1 t-i x0 = 0 x -1 c) f ( x ) = f) f ( x ) = x + 1, ( x > - 1) 1 cos x

VAN C 2: Tnh '(o hm bEng cng thFc &- tnh 0(o hm c1a hm s* y = f(x) b4ng cng th@c ta s? dAng cc qui tBc tnh 0(o hm. Ch qui tBc tnh 0(o hm c1a hm s* hCp. Bai 1: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: 1 3 2 a) y = 2 x 4 - x 3 + 2 x - 5 - x + x x. b) y = 2 3 3 x d) y = ( x 2 - 1)( x 2 - 4)( x 2 - 9) g) y = 3 2x +1 e) y = ( x 2 + 3 x )(2 - x ) h) y = 2x +1 1 - 3x

c) y = ( x 3 - 2)(1 - x 2 ) 1 f) y = ( x + 1) - 1 x 1 - x + x2 2 x2 m) y = x2 - 2 x - 3 c) y = ( x 3 - 2 x 2 + 1)11 f) y= 1 ( x - 2 x + 5)2

3

i) y =

1 + x - x2

x2 - 3x + 3 2 x2 - 4 x + 1 k) y = l) y = x -1 x -3 Bai 2: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: a) y = ( x 2 + x + 1)4 d) y = ( x 2 - 2 x)5 g) y = ( x + 1)2 ( x - 1)3 b) y = (1 - 2 x 2 )5 e) y = ( 3 - 2 x 2 )

4

2x +1 h) y = x -1 b) y =

3 i) y = 2 - 2 x c) y =

Bai 3: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: a) y = 2 x 2 - 5 x + 2 d) y = ( x - 2) x 2 + 3 x3 - x + 2 x+ x

3

e) y = ( x - 2)3 Trang 72

f) y = (1 + 1 - 2 x )

Tr n S# Tng g) y = x3 x -1
2

&(i s* 11 h) y = 4x +1 x2 + 2 i) y = 4 + x2 x

Bai 4: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: sin x a) y = 1 + cos x d) y = cot 2 x b) y = x .cos x e) y = sin 2 + x 2 c) y = sin3 (2 x + 1) f) y = sin x + 2 x i) y = 2sin 2 4 x - 3cos3 5 x

g) y = (2 + sin 2 2 x )3

h) y = sin ( cos2 x tan2 x )

x +1 2 1 k) y = cos2 l) y = tan 2 x + tan 3 2 x + tan 5 2 x x -1 3 5 Bai 5: Cho n l s nguyn d56ng. Ch8ng minh rGng: a) (sin n x.cos nx )' = n sin n-1 x.cos(n + 1) x c) (cos n x.sin nx )' = n.cosn -1 x .cos(n + 1) x b) (sin n x.sin nx ) ' = n.sin n-1 x .sin(n + 1) x d) (cos n x. cos nx )' = - n.cos n-1 x.sin(n + 1) x

VAN C 3: Ph9;ng trnh tiHp tuyHn c0a 'I th! (C) c0a hm s8 y = f(x) (*) 1. Ph9<ng trnh tiDp tuyDn t(i 0i-m M(x0, y0) (C ) l: y - y0 = f '( x0 )( x - x0 ) 2. ViDt ph9<ng trnh tiDp tuyDn v;i (C), biDt tiDp tuyDn c h: s* gc k: + GEi x0 l hFnh 0G c1a tiDp 0i-m. Ta c: f ( x 0 ) = k ( ngh#a hnh hEc c1a 0(o hm) + Gi>i ph9<ng trnh trn tm x0, rFi tm y0 = f ( x 0 ). + ViDt ph9<ng trnh tiDp tuyDn theo cng th@c (*) 3. ViDt ph9<ng trnh tiDp tuyDn (d) v;i (C), biDt (d) 0i qua 0i-m A(x1, y1) cho tr9;c: + GEi (x0 , y0) l tiDp 0i-m (v;i y0 = f(x0)). + Ph9<ng trnh tiDp tuyDn (d): y - y0 = f '( x0 )( x - x0 ) (d) qua A ( x1 , y1 ) y1 - y0 = f '( x0 ) ( x1 - x0 ) (1) + Gi>i ph9<ng trnh (1) v;i Hn l x0, rFi tm y0 = f ( x0 ) v f '( x0 ). + TI 0 viDt ph9<ng trnh (d) theo cng th@c (*). 4. NhBc l(i: Cho (D): y = ax + b. Khi 0: 1 + (d ) (D ) kd = a + ( d ) ^ ( D ) kd = a

Bai 1: Cho hm s (C): y = f ( x ) = x 2 - 2 x + 3. Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n vBi (C): a) T-i $i0m thu<c (C) c honh $< x0 = 1. b) Song song vBi $5:ng th=ng 4x 2y + 5 = 0. c) Vung gc vBi $5:ng th=ng x + 4y = 0. d) Vung gc vBi $5:ng phn gic th8 nhHt c3a gc h@p b?i cc tr.c tIa $<. 2 - x + x2 (C). Bai 2: Cho hm s y = f ( x ) = x -1 a) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a (C) t-i $i0m M(2; 4). b) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a (C) bi+t ti+p tuy+n c h2 s gc k = 1. Trang 73

&(i s* 11 Bai 3: Cho hm s y = f ( x ) =

Tr n S# Tng

3x + 1 (C). 1- x a) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a (C) t-i $i0m A(2; 7). b) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a (C) t-i giao $i0m c3a (C) vBi tr.c honh. c) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a (C) t-i giao $i0m c3a (C) vBi tr.c tung. d) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a (C) bi+t ti+p tuy+n song song vBi $5:ng th=ng 1 d: y = x + 100 . 2 e) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a (C) bi+t ti+p tuy+n vung gc vBi $5:ng th=ng D: 2x + 2y 5 = 0.

Bai 4: Cho hm s (C): y = x 3 - 3 x 2 . a) Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a $4 th% (C) t-i $i0m I(1, 2). b) Ch8ng minh rGng cc ti+p tuy+n khc c3a $4 th% (C) khng $i qua I. Bai 5: Cho hm s (C): y = 1 - x - x 2 . Tm ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n vBi (C): 1 a) T-i $i0m c honh $< x0 = . 2 b) Song song vBi $5:ng th=ng x + 2y = 0.

VAN C 4: Tnh '(o hm c<p cao 1. &- tnh 0(o hm cKp 2, 3, 4, ... ta dng cng th@c: y ( n) = y(n-1) 2. &- tnh 0(o hm cKp n: Tnh 0(o hm cKp 1, 2, 3, ..., tI 0 d8 0on cng th@c 0(o hm cKp n. Dng ph9<ng php quy n(p ton hEc 0- ch@ng minh cng th@c 0ng. Bai 1: Cho hm s f ( x ) = 3( x + 1) cos x .

p b) Tnh f ''(p ), f '' , f ''(1) 2 Bai 2: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s $+n cHp $5@c chF ra: x-3 a) y = cos x, y ''' b) y = 5 x 4 - 2 x 3 + 5 x 2 - 4 x + 7, y '' c) y = , y '' x+4 a) Tnh f '( x ), f ''( x ) d) y = 2 x - x 2 , y '' g) y = ( x 2 + 1)3 , y ''
( n)

e) y = x sin x , y '' h) y = x 6 - 4 x 3 + 4, y (4)

f) y = x tan x , y '' i) y = 1 , y (5) 1- x

Bai 3: Cho n l s nguyn d56ng. Ch8ng minh rGng: a) Bai 4: a) d)

1 (-1)n n! n.p n.p = b) (sin x )( n) = sin x + c) (cos x )( n) = cos x + 2 2 (1 + x )n+1 1+ x Tnh $-o hm cHp n c3a cc hm s sau: 1 1 x y= b) y = c) y = x+2 x2 - 3x + 2 x2 - 1 1- x y= e) y = sin 2 x f) y = sin 4 x + cos 4 x 1+ x Trang 74

Tr n S# Tng Bai 5: Ch8ng minh cc h2 th8c sau vBi cc hm s $5@c chF ra: 2 y = x sin x a) b) y = 2 x - x 3 xy ''- 2( y '- sin x ) + xy = 0 y y ''+ 1 = 0 y = x tan x c) 2 2 2 x y ''- 2( x + y )(1 + y ) = 0 x-3 y = d) x+4 2 2 y = ( y - 1) y ''

&(i s* 11

sin u( x ) x x0 u( x ) Ta s? dAng cc cng th@c l9Cng gic 0- biDn 0Li v s? dAng cng th@c sin u( x ) lim = 1 (vBi lim u( x ) = 0 ) x x0 x x0 u( x ) VAN C 5: Tnh giJi h(n d(ng lim Bai 1: Tnh cc giBi h-n sau: sin 3 x 1 - cos x a) lim b) lim x0 sin 2 x x 0 x2 1 + sin x - cos x x0 1 - sin x - cos x 1 - sin x p - x 2
2

c) lim

tan 2 x x0 sin 5 x

d) lim
x

p 4

cos x - sin x cos 2 x p sin x - 6 3 - cos x 2

e) lim

f) lim
x

p 2

p g) lim - x tan x h) lim p2 p x x

2

VAN C 6: Cc bi ton khc Bai 1: Gi(i ph56ng trnh f '( x ) = 0 vBi: a) f ( x ) = 3cos x - 4sin x + 5 x c) f ( x ) = sin2 x + 2 cos x e) f ( x ) = 1 - sin(p + x ) + 2 cos
4 a) f ( x ) = sin 3 x g( x ) = sin 6 x

b) f ( x ) = cos x + 3 sin x + 2 x - 1 d) f ( x ) = sin x cos 4 x cos 6 x 4 6

3p + x f) f ( x ) = sin 3 x - 3 cos 3 x + 3(cos x - 3 sin x ) 2 Bai 2: Gi(i ph56ng trnh f '( x ) = g( x ) vBi:
3 b) f ( x ) = sin 2 x g( x ) = 4 cos 2 x - 5sin 4 x 2 x x f ( x ) = 4 x cos 2 f ( x ) = 2 x 2 cos2 c) d) 2 2 g( x ) = 8cos x - 3 - 2 x sin x g( x ) = x - x sin x 2 Bai 3: Gi(i bHt ph56ng trnh f '( x ) > g '( x ) vBi:

a) f ( x ) = x 3 + x - 2, g( x ) = 3 x 2 + x + 2 c) f ( x ) = 2 x 3 - x 2 + 3, g( x ) = x 3 + x2 - 3 2

b) f ( x) = x 2 - 2 x - 8, g ( x ) = x d) f ( x ) = 2 , g( x ) = x - x3 x

Trang 75

&(i s* 11 Bai 4: Xc $%nh m $0 cc bHt ph56ng trnh sau nghi2m $ng vBi mI i x R: a) f '( x ) > 0 b) Bai 5: a) b) mx 3 - 3 x 2 + mx - 5 3 mx 3 mx 2 f '( x ) < 0 vi f ( x ) = + (m + 1) x - 15 3 2 Cho hm s y = x 3 - 2 x 2 + mx - 3. Tm m $0: f '( x) bGng bnh ph56ng c3a m<t nh% th8c b7c nhHt. f '( x) 0 vBi mI i x. vi f ( x ) = f ( x) = mx 3 mx 2 + - (3 - m) x + 2. Tm m $0: 3 2

Tr n S# Tng

Bai 6: Cho hm s

a) f '( x) < 0 vBi mI i x. b) f '( x) = 0 c hai nghi2m phn bi2t cng dHu. c) Trong tr5:ng h@p f '( x) = 0 c hai nghi2m, tm h2 th8c giJa hai nghi2m khng ph. thu<c vo m.

Trang 76

Tr n S# Tng BI TKP N CH=LNG V Bi 1: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: a) y = x 3 ( x 2 - 4) d) y = x (2 x 2 - 1) g) y = b) y = ( x + 3)( x - 1) e) y = (2 x 2 + 1)(4 x 3 - 2 x )

&(i s* 11

c) y = x 6 - 2 x + 2 f) y = 1 + 9x x +1

x2 - 3x + 2 1 h) y = 2x - 3 x2 - 2x Bi 2: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: a) y = x 4 - 3 x 2 + 7 d) y = 1+ x b) y = 1 - x 2 e) y = x 1 - x2

i) y = (3 - 2 x 2 )2 c) y = x 2 - 3 x - 2 f) y = x -3 x sin x x + x sin x

1- x Bi 3: Tnh $-o hm c3a cc hm s sau: a) y = sin( x 3 - x + 2) d) y = sin x + cos x sin x - cos x

b) y = tan (cos x ) e) y = x cot( x 2 - 1)

c) y =

f) y = cos2 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2)

g) y = cos 2 x h) y = cot 3 1 + x 2 i) y = tan 2 (3 x 2 + 4 x ) Bi 4: Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n c3a $4 th% (C) c3a cc hm s , vBi: a) (C ) : y = x 3 - 3 x 2 + 2 t-i $i0m M (-1, -2). b) (C ) : y = x2 + 4x + 5 t-i $i0m c honh $< x0 = 0. x+2

1 c) (C ) : y = 2 x + 1 bi+t h2 s gc c3a ti+p tuy+n l k = . 3 Bi 5: Cho hm s y = x 3 - 5 x 2 + 2 c $4 th% (C). Vi+t ph56ng trnh ti+p tuy+n vBi $4 th% (C) sao cho ti+p tuy+n $: a) Song song vBi $5:ng th=ng y = -3 x + 1. b) Vung gc vBi $5:ng th=ng y = c) Ai qua $i0m A(0; 2) . Bi 6: a) Cho hm s b) Cho hai hm s f ( x) = cos x 1 x - 4. 7

p p . Tnh gi tr% c3a f ' + f ' . cos 2 x 6 3 1 f ( x ) = sin 4 x + cos4 x v g( x ) = cos 4 x. So snh f '( x ) v g '( x ) . 4 1 b) f ( x ) = sin x - m sin 2 x - sin 3 x + 2mx 3 b) f ( x ) = 2 9 x - x 6 + 2 x 3 - 3 x 2 + 6 x - 1. 3

Bi 7: Tm m $0 f ( x ) > 0, "x R , vBi: a) f ( x ) = x 3 + (m - 1) x 2 + 2 x + 1. Bi 8: Ch8ng minh rGng f ( x ) > 0, "x R , vBi: a) f ( x ) = 2 x + sin x . Bi 9: a) Trang 77