UMTS Global Standard for 3G Wireless Communication

Shariq Yasin Sr. Manager (RNE) 3G Technologies (Guarantee) Ltd.

29th January, 2009

Central Asian CDMA Forum

Provide CDMA/WCDMA technology and development awareness, training and related industry support in Central Asia through; Training & HR Development Collaboration with Governments, Regulatory Agencies, Operators, Academia, Professionals and Manufacturers Benchmarking of the Industry Technical Audit of Networks & Services Media and advocacy Inter-active discussion portal Roaming and specifications development (associate membership of CDG) Consultancies Develop relationship with other Technology Development Organizations
2

Accomplishments

Inter-active online portal

Region Telecom Industry News, Technology Information, Discussion Forum & Job Postings

Series of CDMA awareness programs on FM radio network on CDMA Technology Trainings Conducted

Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan Operators & MOC/Regulator, INPT/WANA Moroco, Afghan Telecom, PTCL, PTA, FAB, Diallog, HEC, UET Lahore, IQRA University, DVcom, GIKI, IMS Peshawar, Telecard, Comsats etc.

Co-operation with other CDMA organizations like CDG, CDMAU, CCF, GHRC and regional CDMA Forum such as Africa CDMA Forum Bench marking & Audit of CDMA operators Establishment of CDMA HR Development Centre. Establishment of permanent Engineering Services Working Group (ESWG) to resolve technical issues between CDMA operators GHRC Initiative for Pakistan WLL Operators Held Seminars on UMTS awareness and regulations in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Pakistan

Sections

Multiple Access IMT2000 Umbrella Evolution Path UMTS Services UMTS Overview Network Architecture Codes and Channels LTE Overview UMTS Deployment and General Aspects
4

Multiple Access

Multiple Access Techniques

Multiple Access
Frequency.

To maximize the usage of scarce resource like

Three widely used techniques

Frequency Division Multiple Access Time Division Multiple Access Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Code Division Multiple Access

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FH-SS) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DS-SS)

IMT2000 Umbrella

ITU, IMT2000

ITU (International Telecommunication Union)

Specialized agency of UN. Standardization of Telecommunication and allocation of Spectrum The Telecommunication Standardization Sector, ITU-T The Radiocommunication Sector, ITU-R The Telecommunication Development Sector, ITU-D

IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telecommunications)

Defined by ITU for the Global Standard for 3rd Generation wireless communications in 1999 Includes six radio interfaces as a part of the ITU-R M.1457 Recommendation:

WCDMA (UTRA-FDD) CDMA2000 TD-CDMA and TD-SCDMA EDGE DECT IP-OFDMA TDD WMAN (in 2007)

3GPP

3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project)

Created in Dec 1998, for the collaboration between telecommunication associations to develop globally acceptable 3G mobile phone system under the scope of IMT-2000 Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for a 3G Mobile System based on evolved GSM core networks and the radio access technologies that they support (i.e., Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) both Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes).

Evolution Path

Need for Evolution

Global Standard for cost effectiveness New Services (Video Telephony)

Spectral Efficiency to accommodate more subscribers

More Throughput (more UL and DL requirements) Global Roaming Achieving Customer Expectations Roadmap to Future Evolution Vendor Support

EOM: (End of marketing) End of new order (1~2 Yr) EOFS: (End of Full support) End of bug fixing (3 Yr) EOS: (End of Service) End of Service Supporting (4 Yr)

11

Evolution of 3G: Data Rates

12

Timeline: UMTS and CDMA2000

13

Evolution of 3G

14

UMTS Services

Call Types

Voice Call

Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) Voice Codec

Packet Switched (PS) Data

Reuses NAS layer of GPRS

Circuit Switched (CS) Data

Includes Sync / Async Data Includes Group 3 Fax Protocols the same as for GSM

Location Based Services (LBS)

16

Service classified

Multi- Services requires service classified QoS

Time-delay sensitivity

17

Device Support

18

UMTS Overview

UMTS and W-CDMA

UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

UMTS encompasses the entire mobile communication system, including the two core networks, and up to three radio access networks.

Non-Access Stratum (NAS)

CS-Core Network

PS-Core Network

Access Stratum

UTRA-FDD
(WCDMA)

UTRA-TDD

GSM/GPRS

20

What is UMTS/WCDMA?
Universal Mobile Telecommunication System/Wideband CDMA is a 3G, Direct Sequence CDMA-based Radio Access Network (RAN), with chip rate of 3.84 Mcps. Designed to be deployed under GSM/GPRS network. WCDMA refers to the FDD Physical Layer and the protocols that support it. UTRAN refers to the UMTS/WCDMA Radio Access network. UMTS refers to the entire network.

21

UMTS/WCDMA Spectrum

The carrier frequency is designated by the UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (UARFCN), where

Fcenter = UARFCN * 200 KHz

22

UMTS/WCDMA Bandwidth

23

3GPP Standards
Release 99
FDD and TDD at 3.84 Mcps Services as in GSM/GPRS Support for Multicall Location Services

Release 4
TDD at 1.28 Mcps UTRA Repeater Core Network Transport to IP Non-transparent Real-Time Facsimile

Release 5
UTRAN Transport to IP IP Based Multimedia Services A-GPS with Open Interface for SMLC and RNC HSDPA

HSDPA
Included in Release 5 Adaptive modulation and coding Multiple codes allocation Physical Layer HARQ DL Rates as high as 10 Mbps

HSUPA
Release 6 & 7 New Channels Added (E-DCH) New Physical Dedicated Channels for UL and DL UL Rates as high as 5.4 Mbps

Release 8
Long Term Evolution (LTE) New Access Technology based on OFDMA, CDMA and TDMA DL Rates as high as 100Mbps UL Rates as high as 50Mbps

HSPA Release 7+
24

Network Architecture

UMTS Network Topology

26

WCDMA R5 Network Architecture

CS domain
GSM /GPRS BSS BSC BTS
MG W

IP/ATM Backbone
MG W

PSTN/PLMN

GMSC Server VMSC Server

Iu-CS
PCU
RNC NodeB UTRAN SS7

HLR/AUC/HS S SCE SCP SMS Internet, Intranet GGSN

MGW

Iu-PS
SGSN
GPRS backbone

PS domain

CG

MGCF S-CSCF MRFC

BG
IP backbone

P-CSCF
MRFP

IMS domain

27

WCDMA RAN Architecture

Core Network Iu RNS RNS Iu

Iur
RNC Iub Node B Iub Iub Node B RNC Iub Node B

Node B

Previous interfaces with new identities New Interfaces like Iur

28

Link Types

RAB RB UE CN

RL
NodeB
RL: Radio Link
RB: Radio Bearer

RNC

RAB: Radio Access Bearer

29

UE Modes of Connection

Idle Mode

(No active Connection) CS and PS Call connected with handover PS Connected with Cell Update PS Dormant with Cell Update PS Dormant with URA Update

Cell_DCH
Cell_FACH Cell_PCH URA_PCH

30

Codes and Channels

Codes in UMTS/WCDMA

OVSF Codes: Orthogonal Codes Gold Codes: Spreading Codes

DL PSC: 512, SSC: 7680 UL Scrambling Codes: 16.8 million

32

OVSF & Walsh

Cch,4,0 =(1,1,1,1)
Cch,2,0 = (1,1) Cch,4,1 = (1,1,-1,-1) Cch,1,0 = (1) Cch,4,2 = (1,-1,1,-1) Cch,2,1 = (1,-1)

Cch,4,3 = (1,-1,-1,1)
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4

OVSF codes (Walsh) are completely orthogonal and their mutual correlation is zero.
33

Purpose of OVSF

Downlink SF of typical service

Typical service
AMR

Data rate
12.2, kbps

Downlink SF
128

VP
144kbps 384kbps HSDPA

64kbps
144kbps 384kbps 14.4mbps for one cell

32
16 8 16

34

Physical Layer Procedures

35

UMTS Logical Channel

Broadcast Control Channel BCCH Paging Control Channel PCCH
Control ChannelCCH

Dedicated Control Channel DCCH Common Control Channel CCCH

Dedicated Traffic Channel DTCH Common Traffic Channel CTCH

Traffic ChannelTCH

36

UMTS Transport Channel

Dedicated Channel

DCH Dedicated transport channel

DCH includes uplink and downlink

Broadcast Channel

BCH

Forward Access Channel

Paging Channel Random Access Channel

FACH
PCH RACH Common transport channel

37

Channel Mapping

38

Functions of Physical Channel

Cell broadcast channels P-CPICH Primary Common Pilot Channel S-CPICH Secondary Common Pilot Channel P-CCPCH- Primary Common Control Physical Channel SCH Synchronous Channel Paging channel S-CCPCH Primary Common Control Physical Channel PICH Paging Indicator Channel Random access channel

Node B

PRACH Physical Random Access Channel AICH Acquisition Indicator Channel Dedicated channel DPDCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel

UE

High speed downlink shared channel

HS-SCCH High Speed Shared Control Channel HS-PDSCH High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel HS-DPCCH High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel

39

LTE Overview

Long Term Evolution

The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has approved the functional freeze of LTE (Long Term Evolution) as part of 3GPP Release 8 - 11th December 2008 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been selected for the Downlink and Single CarrierFrequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) for the Uplink. The Downlink will support data modulation schemes QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM and the Uplink will support BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK and 16QAM. Supports MIMO and SMART Antenna technology

41

LTE Performance Requirement

Metric
Peak Data Rates

Requirement
DL: 100 Mbps UL: 50 Mbps (for 20MHz spectrum) Up to 500kmph Optimized to 0 to 15kmph <5ms >200 users per cell (for 5MHz spectrum) 5 ~ 100km with slight degradation after 30km 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 MHz
42

Mobility Support User Plane Latency Control Plane Capacity Coverage (Cell Size) Spectrum Flexibility

LTE Logical Channels

Control Channel

Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) Paging Control Channel (PCCH) Common Control Channel (CCCH) Multicast Control Channel (MCCH)

Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)

Traffic Channel

Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH) Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH)

43

LTE Transport Channels

Downlink Channels

Broadcast Channel (BCH) Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH) Paging Channel (PCH) Multicast Channel (MCH)

Uplink Channels

Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH) Random Access Channel (RACH)

44

LTE Entities

Evolved NodeB (eNB)

Evolved Radio Access Network (eRAN)

Serving Gateway (SGW) Mobility Management Entity (MME) Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN GW)

45

LTE Advance

ITU has introduced a term IMT-Advanced for mobile systems beyond IMT-2000 scope. In June 2008, 3GPP held two workshops on Requirements for Further Advancements for E-UTRA IMT-Advanced 3GPP RAN working on LTEAdvanced

46

UMTS Deployment and General Aspects

UMTS Global Facts

WCDMA Subscribers

351m

HSPA Subscribers
HSPA Devices UMTS Deployments

79m
>1000 260 in 105 countries

HSDPA Deployments

230 in 90 countries

UMTS Forum 26 Jan 2009

48

Regional Status
Middle East and North Africa
Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain, Yemen, UAE, Qatar Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Morocco, Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan

SAARC
India, Bangladesh, Maldives, Bhutan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka. Nepal

Central Asia
Kyrgyzstan, Armenia, Georgia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia

49

UMTS Vendors

Ericsson Huawei LG Alcatel-Lucent Motorola

Nokia Siemens Network Samsung NEC Nortel Networks ZTE

50

Road to Deregulation Competition

54.0

2005 Onwards

45.0

2004 Onwards

35.0

PTCL Privatisation

2002 Onwards

2.1

2.3

2.4

2.5

3.1

4.0

4.6

6.3

7.0

11.0

2000

Launch of New Mobile/WLL/ LDI Companies

1999 Deregulation of state monopoly Pakistan IT Policy

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1994 PTCL gets GSM License

PTCL WLL
1994 1994 Onward s Telecom Sector Reorganisation

1993 1992 Paging Licenses 1991

01st GSM License

DNOP/VAS Licenses,

1990

1989

1962

1947

Card Payphone Licenses

Paging License

Two AMPS Cellular Licenses

Pakistan T&T

Post and Telegraph Dept

51

Pakistan Government Telecommunication Bodies

MOITT (Ministry of IT and Telecoms)

Generation of Policy, and Oversight on PTA, FAB, PSEB, USF,ICT R&D Fund and PTCL.

PTA (Pakistan Telecom Authority)

Regulates the establishment, operation and maintenance of telecommunication systems Responsible for promoting & development of telecommunication systems and services

FAB (Frequency Allocation Board)

Allocates radio frequency spectrum to the Government, providers of telecommunication services, radio and television broadcasting operators, public and private wireless operators and others Separate from, but reporting to (at least in theory) PTA.

NTC (National telecommunication Corporation)

Limited mandate to provide services to the Government

SCO (Special Communications Organization)

Limited mandate to provide services to Azad Kashmir

52

UMTS in Pakistani Scenario

At least two licenses were committed for auction in IM issued by MoIT. (Each of 10 MHz) PTA and FAB has to clear the 3G spectrum in 2.1GHz band by the end of 2006. Delays due to:

Reluctance of Operators Economic and Political Conditions of Pakistan Declining ARPU Un-identified Killer Application

53

Question & Answers

References

WCDMA(UMTS) Overview, QUALCOMM UMTS University. WCDMA for UMTS: Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications, H. Holma and A. Toskla, Second Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2002. HSDPA: Protocol and Physical Layer, Qualcomm UMTS University. HSUPA:Protocol and Physical Layer, Qualcomm UMTS University. LTE Technical Overview (whitepaper) Motorola UMTS Forum (www.umts-forum.org) UMTS World (www.umtsworld.com)

55

Thank You
Shariq Yasin shariq@3gca.org