Indus River Civilization The Indus River is located in the modern country of Pakistan, near India.

It starts in the mountains. In the spring, the snow melts on the mountains and floods the Indus River. The Indus Valley
Civilization (later called the Harappan Civilization) was at least 1000 years before Rome.

The major 7 achievements: 1.They were among the first to develop a system of uniform weights and measures. Their building
bricks were very uniform making city planning easy. 2. This was the first civilization to incorporate urban sanitation systems. Personal hygiene seems to have been a high priority. 3. Their art was highly advanced. Terracotta, steatite and bronze human and animal figurines with anatomically correct proportions have been found. Their jewelry was complex and considered beautiful by today's standards. Long carnelian beads were a specialty. 4. Transportation and trade were major goals of these people. Their trade network ran from Mesopotamia to northern and central India. Their empire was economic, not military. 5. Indus Valley Civilization agriculture was based upon a highly productive method of raising, storing and transporting domesticated wheat and barley. Other crops were known. 6.They had a written script, mostly used on inscribed seals. The language and scripts are still being investigated and are controversial. 7.Formal religion was highly advanced and included burial and cremation of human remains.

Harappa Civilization Harappa was an Indus civilization urban center. It lies in Punjab Province, Pakistan, on an old bed of the River Ravi. Surrounded by massive walls. Two mounds have large walls around them, perhaps as much for trade regulation as defense. An abundance of terracotta figurines at Harappa provided the first clues in the 19th century to the ancient Indus

Mohenjo-Daro Civilization Its probably the best known Indus site. Located in Sindh, Pakistan, next to the Indus River. This is where the most unicorn seals have been found. The Indus may once have flowed to the west of Mohenjo Daro, but it is now located to the east. Here the Great Bath, uniform buildings and weights, hidden drains and other hallmarks of the civilization were discovered in the 1920's.

Both had organized streets. The people there also made pottery, jewelry and cotton crafts. These civilizations came to an end around 1500 BC. No one knows why.