German Remilitarize Rhineland 7 Mar1936

Battles of El Alamein – 1st =Jul 1942 Western Desert Campaign Strategic Allied halted to Egypt,
Tactical Stalemate; 2nd=Oct-Nov 1942; Allied invasion of North Africa (Op. Torch/ Gymnast) - 8-10
Nov 1942; Brit-US in Morocco & Algeria of France; Allied victory

Allied invasion of Italy – 3-16 Sep 1943 ; Salerno, Calabria & Taranto, Italy; Allied won (US, UK,
Canada, India vs Germany & Italy)

Allied Invasion of Sicily (Op. Husky) – Jul9-Aug17, 1943; Strategic Allied Victory; improve
interservice coordination (Airborne); includes Op Chestnut, Barclay/ Mincemeat, Corkscrew,
Fustian, Ladbroke, Narcissus

Allied invasion of France (D-day, Op. Overlord) –Jun6-midJul1944; Eisenhower vs Rundstedt;

costly of men; defeat inflicted on the Germans = one of the largest of war; US used 4 airborne
divisions

American Admiral in the Pacific – 7Jul 1937-9 Sep 1945; William Halsey, FDR, Truman; Pearl
Harbor Dec 7 1941

American Battle Tank – effective Light Tank M3 37mm gun + more armor than M2; M4 = German
medium tanks Panzerkampfwagen/ PzKpfw III and IV = most produced; M24 (torsion-bar
suspension, + mobility, compact 75 mm gun) Dec 1944 +M26 End of war

American Heavy Bomber- B17, 24, 25, 29; hunted submarines, supported offensives, attack
concentrated troops or war supplies

American Tank general – M3 by Ulysses S. Grant; the result of a crisis atmosphere

Aka “Final Solution” – execution/ removal of Jews results in final phase of Holocaust (Shoah)

Anschuluss with Austria - Austria was merged into Nazi Germany on 12 Mar 1938; France, UK
powerless, Fascist Italy appeased

Devine Wind (Jap Suicide attack planes) – crippling as many Allied capital ships as possible
warrant sacrifice of an aviator + aircraft.

Army Group Center is destroyed by Soviets

Atomic Bombing of Japan – Hiroshima Aug6, 1945; Nagasaki Aug9, 1945

Mariana and Palau Islands campaign - US offensive against Jap in the Pacific Ocean Jun-Nov 1944
during the Pacific War

Battle of Britain - 10 Jul- 31 Oct 1940; Decisive British victory at UK airspace; Luftwaffe wants
eliminate RAF fighter commands

Battle of Moscow (Op Typhoon + Wotan) – Oct 2 1941 - Jan 7, 1942; Decisive Soviet with heavy
casualties; Red Army symbolic relief

Barbarossa – Invasion of Soviet Union; Jun22, 1941; Axis failure; 3.9 vs 3.2 Million lost; planned
Dec18, 1940; Stalin vs. Hitler

Germany + Italy declared war on US on 11 Dec 1941

Battle of Guadalcanal – Aug 7, 1942 – Feb 9, 1943; Decisive Allied Victory; US, Aus, NewZ, Britain
vs. Jap; Ghormley vs Yamamoto

Battle of Iwo Jima (Op.Detachment )– Feb19-Mar26, 1945; US victory vs. Jap; mission of capturing
the airfields

Battle of Kursk-Orel – Jul-Aug 1943; result of Battle of Stalingrad = salient (3); German/Soviet Op
on E. Front; decisive Soviet Victory

Battle of Stalingrad (10+ op) - Jul 42 Feb 43, Decisive Soviet Victory; >1.5 mil casualties
bloodiest in human hist (military/ civilian)

Battle of Tarawa – 20-23 Nov 1943; US Victory vs. Japan; 3960 US Casualties vs. 4983 Jap killed

Battle of the Bulge (Ardennes Offensive) – Germ lost in attack US; Eisenhower vs. Model;
experienced men/equipment depleted

Battle of Coral Sea - May 4-8, 1942; Jap tact win (<US dead), US strategic win (Port Moresby
invasion halt); set for Midway

Battle of Midway - 4–7 Jun 1942; US decode area +date; Decisive US Naval Victory vs. Japan 6
months post-Pearl Harbor

Battle of Wake Island - Dec 8-23, 1941 after Pearl Harbor; Jap Victory (820 died vs. 120 US died);
Cunningham vs Inoue
Decisive Allied turned tide of N.African Campaign, ended Axis hope to occupy Egypt

British fighter plane - British Spitfire I and II, the premier British fighters of Battle of Britain

British General fought Rommel Churchill – Erwin Rommel most famous German Field Marshal
with desert warfare

German Afrikakorps - original German blocking force in Libya/ Tunisia by Rommel formed by
Hitler

De Gaulle - led the Free French Forces with exiled officers in UK; gave famous radio address
calling resist Germany; later president

Doolittle Raid (30 sec) - 18 April 1942, 1st US air raid strike Jap island Honshū; avenged Pearl
Harbor + exposed Jap vulnerability

Eisenhower – Europe Supreme Allied Commander 1943; European Theatre of Ops (ETOUSA);
decisively won Overlord

FDR dies April 12, 1945 in Office; Yalta Conference Feb 4-11, 1945 (Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin)

Battle of France (Op. Fall Gelb/Rot “Case Yellow/Red”)– May-Jun 1940, France defeated ended
Phoney War

Luftwaffe – Central to Blitzkrieg; decline after 1942

German Tank – Panzer III & IV, Panzer 5 Panther after lost in Barbarossa to Soviet T-34; later
Tiger I and II = heavier designs

German Planes + Strategic Bombing – The September Campaign & the Blitz
Hitler dies 20 Apr 1945; May 4th German in Holland, Denmark, SW Germany surrendered to
Montgomery, signed May 7, ceased 8th

Japanese invasion of Manchuria by Kwantung Army of Japan on September 19, 1931,

immediately followed the Mukden Incident. T

Japanese occupies French Indochina June 1940; Signed convention Sep 22nd before ultimatum

Marshal Pietro Badoglio Succeeds Mussolini Jul 25, 1943; in favor of Pact of Steel (Germany x
Italy frdship)

Phillipines Surrender May 6, 1942; German Erich von Manstein in Poland, France, Barbarossa,
Crimea(Sevastopol), Leningrad, Stalingrad, Kharkov Operation, Citadel, Dnieper Campaign