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Individual Report Student Name: Joshua Bayley Assessment Item No.: 3 Assessment Title: Documentation of 120CT homework tasks for the number systems and Amdahls law.
Note: Your report should contain 500-750 words supported with appropriate references using Coventry University Harvard Reference Style and include the following: evidence of your work required by the above assessment reflection of your work, skills and knowledge acquired, problems encountered and how the problems are resolved

SID:5052369

Hexadecimal Task: Explore the use of a hex editor for editing binary programs. Change the 'stringchange.exe' so it shows your name. Change flow of the 'namechange.exe'.

Evidence: (e.g. Screen shots or text)

Reflection on skills/knowledge acquired: (may include any problems encountered and respective resolutions)

Following the instructions given to us on the Hexadecimal task, I was asked to run a program and then close it after I saw what it said. The program said Change this text.
I then used xvi32 (a hex editor) to show the program. I was asked to locate what appeared on the program initially (Change this text) and then change it to my name.

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I used to search tool to find out where Change this text was located on the right. This was where whatever was in that part was displayed on the program itself. I had a small issue of the search being case sensitive, but after trying to type it exactly as it is displayed, I found what I was looking for. The benefit of this was learning how to search for specific text in the hexadecimal editor so I can change it so I could change the outcome of the program itself. I then located changeme and changed what it said, this is what happened:

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Version 1 Instead of displaying what I initially put (My Name Is Josh!) This pop up saying I successfully changed the word came up. I then had another task: to open a second program and replace MZ at the beginning with spaces, this is what I got.

I got this error message. This maybe because the MZ at the beginning determined what version the file actually was, and in changing it, made sure it was not compatible with our computers. Doing these tasks has helped me learn the basics of a hexadecimal program and helped me gain an understanding of how it can be used to create a program. Gaining more knowledge using hexadecimal and hexadecimal editors can benefit me as I will be able to create better programs. It is also a neater way of typing out binary, so that it is much easier for us to read then binary and that it still works.

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Binary Task Perform two complement operations. Perform binary addition and subtraction. Represent binary numbers as hexadecimal.

Evidence: (e.g. Screen shots or text)

Reflection on skills/knowledge acquired: (may include any problems encountered and respective resolutions)

Twos Complement

Find the Twos Complement representations of the following values

-10 Binary of 10: 1010 Binary of -10: 0101 +1: 1011 Twos Compliment: 10110 -7 Binary of 7: 0111 Binary of -7: 1000 +1: 1001 Twos Compliment: 11001

-42 Binary of 42: 101010 Binary of -42: 010101 +1: 010110 Twos Compliment: 1010110

-16 Binary of 16: 10000 Binary of -16: 01111 +1: 10000 Twos Compliment: 110000

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Binary Addition Add the following binary values

11011011 + 01010101 = 100110000 00100100 + 11011111 = 100000011 1011011 + 10010 = 1101101 00011101 + 1111010 = 10010111

Hexadecimal

Find the Hexadecimal representations for the following:

10111101101 = 0x5ED 10101011 = 0xAB 1111001 = 0x79

Binary numbers are used all over computer science. It is how a computer processes information, as it does not understand a normal language like English. Doing the task has helped me learn how to do basic Binary calculations and conversions, so I know how I can convert it into Hexadecimal. I split the binary into groups of 4 (for example, 0101/1110/1101). I did this because I know Hexadecimal goes up to 15 in decimal, and the maximum number with 4 digits is 15. I then converted each to hexadecimal and put the 0x in front of it to define it as hexadecimal.

Amdahls Law Task: Create Amdahls Law calculators to determine speedup from optimization and increasing processors.

Evidence: (e.g. Screen shots or text)

Reflection on skills/knowledge acquired: (may include any problems encountered and respective resolutions)

Calculate Speedup in the following cases for optimization Percentage Percentage that can be optimised Speed increase caused by optimisation Speedupenhanced

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0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.9

10 8 6 20 5

5.263157895 3.333333333 2.4 2.325581395 3.571428571

Complete the following for the Parallel Case and use the results to create a graph

Percentage that can be made parallel optimised .9 .9 .9 .9 .9 .9 .9 .9 .9 What do you notice about the resulting graph? Answer

Number of Processors 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Speedupenhanced 3.076923077 4 4.705882353 5.263157895 5.714285714 6.086956522 6.4 6.666666667 6.896551724

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There is a positive correlation between the amount of processors and the Speedup enhanced when the percentage that can be made parallel optimised stays at the same value. As the number of processors increases, the rate the speedup increases goes down.
Doing these tasks on Amdahls law has helped me understand the law itself and the mathematics behind it. Doing this physically shows me the relationship between how much something will (like a program) speed up if we improved it (optimisation). It also shows the relationship between a chip performance and how many cores there are in the chip, depending on the percentage that is parallel optimised.

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