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    ARP is a protocol that maps IP addresses to MAC addresses to allow devices on the same local network to communicate using link layer addressing. When a device wants to send data to another device on the local network, it broadcasts an ARP request asking for the MAC address associated with the target IP. The target device responds with its MAC address in an ARP reply, enabling communication using link layer frames. This process resolves the need for applications to use IP addresses while also requiring MAC addresses for transmission within the local network.

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    1.Arp

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    ARP is a protocol that maps IP addresses to MAC addresses to allow devices on the same local network to communicate using link layer addressing. When a device wants to send data to another device on the local network, it broadcasts an ARP request asking for the MAC address associated with the target IP. The target device responds with its MAC address in an ARP reply, enabling communication using link layer frames. This process resolves the need for applications to use IP addresses while also requiring MAC addresses for transmission within the local network.

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    12 views5 pages

    Address Resolution Protocol

    Uploaded by

    chocobo113
    ARP is a protocol that maps IP addresses to MAC addresses to allow devices on the same local network to communicate using link layer addressing. When a device wants to send data to another device on the local network, it broadcasts an ARP request asking for the MAC address associated with the target IP. The target device responds with its MAC address in an ARP reply, enabling communication using link layer frames. This process resolves the need for applications to use IP addresses while also requiring MAC addresses for transmission within the local network.

    Copyright:

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    of 5

    Address Resolution Protocol

    ARP
    Network devices in the same local network communicate using MAC addresses. So there is a question: Why network devices in the same local network still using IP address to communicate ? The answer is that the applications such as ping, telnet, http, ftp are designed for IP address. So in the same local network, network devices still have to use IP address to communicate. That is why there is a mechanism to map IP address to MAC address. It is called ARP.

    ARP
    PC A 192.168.1.1 PC B 192.168.1.2 MAC B

    MAC A

    PC C
    192.168.1.3 MAC C

    For example, on PC A we enter the command ping 192.168.1.2. ARP running on PC A will find MAC address of PC that has IP address of 192.168.1.2 to communicate. ARP will create a ARP request message and broadcast to the data link. PC B after receive the message will create a ARP reply message in response to the ARP request message. ARP reply message then is sent to PC A using unicast.

    ARP
    ARP Request
    192.168.1.1 MAC A 192.168.1.2 FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

    ARP Reply
    192.168.1.2 MAC B 192.168.1.1 MAC A

    PC A

    PC B 192.168.1.2 MAC B PC C 192.168.1.3 MAC C

    192.168.1.1
    MAC A

    ARP
    When PC A receives ARP reply message from PC B, it will using that MAC address to send data to PC B.

    PC A 192.168.1.1
    ARP request ARP reply data ARP request data ARP reply

    PC B 192.168.1.2 MAC B

    MAC A
    ARP request

    PC C
    192.168.1.3 MAC C

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