STACKS

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WHAT IS A STACK?
A pile of objects, typically one that is neatly arranged. Stack Follows LIFO Last IN First OUT ie. Last element to be PUSHED (inserted) should be the first one to POP (remove) out of stack.

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REPRESENTATION OF STACK
A stack is printed FROM TOPMOST element (last pushed) TO FIRST element. LAST element pushed on stack is always printed first and keeps on printing till 1st element. If elements inserted are 53,24,34,21,78 respectively , stack will be represented as

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HOW TO KEEP TRACK OF ELEMENTS

To keep a tack on last element in a stack, we use a variable named TOP. When the stack is empty, TOP = -1 When stack is full, TOP = size-1; The no of elements in stack can be calculated as TOP+1.

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HOW TO PUSH ELEMENTS TO STACK

To insert an element in stack : Check top !=size-1 Top=Top+1 Scanf ARR[TOP]

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HOW TO POP AN ELEMENT FROM STACK

Element is always deleted from TOP, to delete an element from stack, Check TOP !=-1 TOP=TOP-1

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TO DISPLAY A STACK
To display elements of stack, Check top=-1 For(I=size-1;i>=0;i++) Printf ARR[i]

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MENU DRIVEN
#include <stdio.h> #include<process.h> void main() { int arr[20], choice,top=-1, i ; while(1) { printf("\n\n1. Push"); printf("\n2. Pop"); printf("\n3. Display"); printf("\n4. EXit"); printf("\nEnter Your Choice :"); scanf("%d",&choice); switch(choice) { case 1: if(top==19) printf("stack overflow");

case 3:
if(top==-1) printf("Stack UNDERFLOW"); else { for(i=top;i>=0;i--) printf("\n %d",arr[i]); break; } case 4: exit(0); default: printf("Wrong Choice"); }

else { top++; printf("\nEnter Value :"); scanf("%d",&arr[top]); } break;

case 2: if(top==-1) printf("Stack UNDERFLOW"); else top--; break;

}
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