2012 Class 10 All India Set-1 Section-C

CBSE X Mathematics All India 2012 Solution (SET 1)
Section C

Q19. Solve the following quadratic equation for x:
x
2
4ax b
2
+ 4a
2
= 0

Solution:
The given quadratic equation is
2 2 2
4 4 0 x ax b a + = .
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2 2
2
4 4 0 1, 4 , 4
4 4 4 1 4
4
2 2
4 16 16 4
2
4 4
2
4 2
2
2
2 or 2
x a x a b A B a C a b
a a a b
B B AC
x x
A
a a a b
x
a b
x
a b
x
x a b
x a b x a b
( + + = = = =

(

= = (
(

+
=
=
=
= + =

Thus, the solution of the given quadratic equation is x = 2a + b or x = 2a b.

OR

If the sum of two natural numbers is 8 and their product is 15, find the numbers.

Solution:
Let the two natural numbers be a and b.
It is given that, sum of two numbers = 8
a + b = 8

( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
8 ... 1
It is given that, product of two numbers 15
15
8 15 Using 1
8 15
8 15 0
5 3 15 0
5 3 5 0
3 5 0
3 or 5
When 3, we have
8 8 3 5
When 5, we have
8 8
a b
ab
b b
b b
b b
b b b
b b b
b b
b b
b
a b
b
a b
=
=
=
( =

=
+ =
+ =
=
=
= =
=
= = =
=
= = 5 3 =

Thus, the required natural numbers are 3 and 5.

Q20. Find the sum of all multiples of 7 lying between 500 and 900.

Solution:
The multiples of 7 lying between 500 and 900 are 504, 511, 518, , 896.
This is an A.P.
First term, a = 504
Common difference, d = 511 504 = 7
Last term = 896
Let there be n terms in the A.P.
a
n
= 896
a + (n 1) d = 896
504 + (n 1) 7 = 896
(n 1) 7 = 896 504
( )
392
1
7
n =
n 1 = 56
n = 57
( )
Weknowthat, S
2
n
n
a l = +
Sum of all the multiples of 7 lying between 500 and 900

( )
57
504 896
2
57
1400
2
57 700
39900
= +
=
=
=

Thus, the sum of all the multiples of 7 lying between 500 and 900 is 39900.

Q21. Draw a triangle ABC with BC = 7 cm, B = 45 and C = 60. Then construct another
triangle, whose sides are
3
5
times the corresponding sides of ABC.

Solution:

1. Draw a line BC = 7 cm.
2. Draw a ray CN making an angle of 60 at C.
3. Draw a ray BM making an angle of 45 at B.
4. Locate the point of intersection of rays CN and BM and name it as A.
5. ABC is the triangle whose similar triangle is to be drawn.
6. Draw any ray BX making an acute angle with BC on the side opposite to the vertex A.

7. Locate 5 (Greater of 3 and 5 in
3
5
) points X
1
, X
2
, X
3
, X
4
and X
5
on BX so that BX
1
=
X
1
X
2
= X
2
X
3
= X
3
X
4
= X
4
X
5
.
8. Join X
5
C and draw a line through X
3
(Smaller of 3 and 5 in
3
5
) parallel to X
5
C to
intersect BC at C'.
9. Draw a line through C' parallel to the line CA to intersect BA at A'.
10. A'BC' is the required similar triangle whose sides are
3
5
times the corresponding sides
of AABC.

Q22. In Figure 5, a circle is inscribed in a triangle PQR with PQ = 10 cm, QR = 8 cm and PR =
12 cm. Find the lengths of QM, RN and PL.

Solution:

Given: In APQR, PQ = 10, QR = 8 cm and PR = 12 cm.
We know that, the lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.
QM = OL = x (Say)
RM = RN = y (Say)
PL = PN = z (Say)

( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
QR QM+MR 8cm ... 1
PQ PL+LQ 10cm ... 2
PR PN+NR 12cm ... 3
Adding 1 , 2 and 3 , we have
(8 10 12) 30 cm
2 30 cm
15 cm ... 4
x y
z x
z y
x y z x z y
x y z
x y z
= = + =
= = + =
= = + =
+ + + + + = + + =
+ + =
+ + =

From (2) and (4), we have

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
10 15
5
From 3 and 4 , we have
12 15
3
From 1 and 4 , we have
8 15
7
QM 3 cm
RN 5 cm
PL 7 cm
y
y
x
x
z
z
x
y
z
+ =
=
+ =
=
+ =
=
= =
= =
= =

Q23. In Figure 6, O is the centre of the circle with AC = 24 cm, AB = 7 cm and BOD = 90.
Find the area of the shaded region. [Use = 3.14]

Solution:
O is the centre of circle.
Given: AC = 24 cm, AB = 7 cm and ZBOD = 90.
The angle in a semicircle is 90.

ZBAC = 90
So, AABC is a right-angled triangle.
Area of AABC, A
1
1
BaseHeight
2
=
2
1
7 24 7 12 84cm
2
= = =

Using Pythagoras Theorem in AABC, we have
(AC)
2
+ (AB)
2
= (BC)
2
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
2
2
2
2
24 7 BC
BC (576 49) cm
BC 625cm
BC 25cm
+ =
= +
=
=

BC is diameter of circle.
OC = Radius of circle
25
cm
2
=
Area of the sector COD, A
2

2
2
360
90 22 25 25
360 7 2 2
1 22 25 25
4 7 2 2
11 25 25
56
122.77cm
r t =
=

=
=

Area of circle, A
3
= r
2

2
22 25 25
7 2 2
11 25 25
14
491.07cm
=

=
=

Area of the shaded region
= Area of circle (Area of AABC + Area of sector COD)
= A
3
(A
1
+ A
2
)
= 491.07 cm
2
(84 + 122.77) cm
2

= 491.07 cm
2
206.77 cm
2

= 284.30 cm
2

Thus, the area of shaded region is 284.30 cm
2
.

OR

In Figure 7, find the area of the shaded region, if ABCD is a square of side 14 cm and
APD and BPC are semicircles.

Solution:
Given: Side of square = 14 cm. Semicircle APD and BPC.
Area of square = (14 cm)
2
= 196 cm
2

Diameter of semicircles APD and BPC = 14 cm
Radius of semicircles APD and BPC =
14
cm
2
= 7 cm
Area of semicircle APD
2
1
2
r =

2
1 22
7 7
2 7
77cm
=
=

Since the radius of the semicircles APD and BPC is same, their area will be same.


Area of semicircle BPC = 77 cm
2

Area of shaded region
= Area of square (Area of semicircle APD + Area of semicircle BPC)
= 196 cm
2
(77 + 77) cm
2

= 196 cm
2
154 cm
2

= 42 cm
2

Thus, the area of the shaded region is 42 cm
2
.

Q24. A hemispherical bowl of internal radius 9 cm is full of water. Its contents are emptied in a
cylindrical vessel of internal radius 6 cm. Find the height of water in the cylindrical
vessel.

Solution:
Let the height of water in the cylindrical vessel be h cm.
Given: Radius of the hemispherical bowl, r = 9 cm
Volume of the water in hemispherical bowl, V
1
3
2
3
r t =
( )
3
1
2
V 9cm
3
t =
Given: Radius of the cylinder, R = 6 cm,
Volume of water in the cylindrical vessel, V
2
=
2
r h t
( )
2
2
V 6cm h t =
Since water is emptied from the hemispherical bowl into the cylindrical vessel,
Volume of water in cylindrical vessel = Volume of the water in hemispherical bowl
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 3
3
2
2
6 9
3
2 9
3 6
27
2
13.5
h
h
h
h
t t =
=
=

Thus, the height of water in the cylindrical vessel is 13.5 cm.

Q25. The angles of depression of the top and bottom of a tower as seen from the top of a 60 3
m high cliff are 45 and 60 respectively. Find the height of the tower.

Solution:

Let AD be the tower and BC be the cliff.
Also, let h be the height (AD) of the tower and x be the distance (AB) of the foot of the
tower from the foot of the cliff.
Angles of depression of the top D and bottom A of the tower from top C of the cliff are
45 and 60 respectively.
ZCDE = 45 and ZCAB = 60
BC 60 3 m (Height of the cliff) =
CE = BC BE
CE = (60 3 h) m (BE = AD = h)

In ADEC,
( )
CE
tan 45
DE
60 3
1 (DE = AB = )
60 3 ... 1
h
x
x
x h
=
=
=

In ACBA,

( )
BC
tan 60
AB
60 3
3
60 3
3
60 ... 2
x
x
x
=
=
=
=

On equating (1) and (2), we get
( )
( )
60 60 3
60 3 60
60 3 1
Hence, the height of the tower is 60 3 1 m.
h
h
h
=
=
=

Q26. Find the coordinates of a point P, which lies on the line segment joining the points A (2,
2), and B (2, 4), such that
3
AP =
7
AB.

Solution:
3
It is given that, AP AB, where A, P and B are three points on line segment AB.
7
AB 7
AP 3
AB 7
1 1
AP 3
ABAP 7 3
AP 3
PB 4
AP 3
=
=
=
=
=

Thus, AP : PB = 3 : 4

It is given that, the coordinates of points A and B are (2, 2) and (2, 4).
Using section formula,
( ) ( ) ( ) 3 2 4 2 3 4 4 2
Coordinates of P are ,
3 4 3 4
6 8 12 8 2 20
, ,
7 7 7 7
+ + | |
|
+ +
\ .
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .


Hence, the coordinates of point P are
2 20
,
7 7
| |

|
\ .
.

OR

Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD whose vertices are A (3, 1), B (2, 4), C (4,
1) and D (3, 4).

Solution:

Given: Vertices of quadrilateral ABCD such as A (3, 1), B (2, 4), C (4, 1) and D
(3, 4).
If P (x
1
, y
1
), Q (x
2
, y
2
), R (x
3
, y
3
) and are vertices of the triangle then area of APQR
( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2
1
2
x y y x y y x y y = + +
( ) ( ) ( )
| | | |
2
1
Area of ABC 3 ( 4 1 2 1 ( 1) 4 1 ( 4)
2
1
( 3)( 3) ( 2)(0) (4)(3)
2
1
9 12
2
1
21
2
21
unit
2
( A = + +

= + +
= +
=
=


( ) ( )
( )
2
1
Area of ACD ( 3)[ 1 4] (4) 4 1 3 1 1
2
1
( 3)( 5) (4) (5) 3 0
2
1
15 20
2
1
35
2
35
unit
2
A = + + ( (

= + +
= +
=
=

Area of quadrilateral ABCD = Area (ABC) + Area (ACD)

2
2
2
21 35
unit
2 2
56
unit
2
28 unit
| |
= +
|
\ .
=
=

Thus, the area of the quadrilateral ABCD is 28 unit
2
.

Q27. If the points A (x, y), B (3, 6) and C (3, 4) are collinear, show that x 3y + 15 = 0.

Solution:
If the given points A (x, y), B (3, 6) and C (3, 4) are collinear, then
Area of the triangle A ABC = 0
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2
1
0
2
6 4 3 4 3 6 0
2 12 3 3 18 0
2 6 30 0
2 3 15 0
3 15 0
x y y x y y x y y
x y y
x y y
x y
x y
x y
( + + =

+ + =
+ + =
+ =
+ =
+ =

Q28. All kings, queens and aces are removed from a pack of 52 cards. The remaining cards are
well shuffled and then a card is drawn from it. Find the probability that the drawn card is
(i) a black face card.
(ii) a red card.

Solution:
Total number of cards in a pack = 52

A pack contains of 4 kings, 4 queens and 4 aces.
Number of cards removed = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
Remaining number of cards in the pack = 52 12 = 40

(i) Number of black face cards = 2 (jacks of spade and club)

( )
Number of black face cards
P a black face card
Reamining number of cards in the pack
2
40
1
20
=
=
=

Thus, the probability of getting a black face card is
1
20
.
(ii) Remaining number of red cards = 26 (2 + 2 + 2) = 26 6 = 20

( )
Remaining number of red cards
P red card
Remaining number of cards in the pack
20
40
1
2
=
=
=

Thus, the probability of getting a red card is
1
2
.

2012 Class 10 All India Set-1 Section-C

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2012 Class 10 All India Set-1 Section-C

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CBSE X Mathematics All India 2012 Solution (SET 1)

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