Variabilidad del esfuerzo en la corteza

Ejemplos de Estudios sobre Esfuerzos Tectnicos

Mediciones de Esfuerzo In Situ

1. Sobre-nucleo (Overcoring)

2. Hidrofractura (Hydrofrac)
Typically hydraulic fracturing is conducted in vertical boreholes. A short segment of the hole is sealed off using an straddle packer. This is followed by the pressurization of the fracture-free segment of the hole by pumping in water. The pressure is raised until the rock surrounding the hole fails in tension at a critical pressure. Following breakdown, the shut-in pressure, the lowest test-interval pressure at which the hydrofrac closes completely under the action of the stress acting normal to the hydrofrac. In a vertical test hole the hydrofrac is expected to be vertical and perpendicular to the minimum horizontal stress. An impression impression packer or borehole logging devices can be used to obtain the orientation of the hydrofrac which yields the direction of the maximum horizontal stress.
Ver ejemplo y teora bsica de Hidrofractura en: hfc_theory.html

2. Fracturamiento circundante en pozos (borehole breakouts)

http://www-gpi.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/pub/workgroup7/StressInvest_b.html