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The Science and Engineering of Materials

Instructors Solution Manual

For [111]: repeat distance = 3 ao/2 = 0.3039 nm linear density = 2/ 3 ao = 3.291 points/nm linear packing fraction = (2)(0.1519)(3.291) = 1

The [111] direction is close packed; the linear packing factor is 1. 370 Determine the repeat distance, linear density, and packing fraction for HCP magnesium in the [ 2110] direction and the [11 20] direction. The lattice parameters for HCP magnesium are given in Appendix A. Solution: ao = 3.2087 r = 1.604 For [ 2110]: repeat distance = ao = 3.2087 linear density = 1/ao = 0.3116 points/nm linear packing fraction = (2)(1.604)(0.3116) = 1 0]) (Same for [112
a3

a2
(2110)

a1

(1120)

371

Determine the planar density and packing fraction for FCC nickel in the (100), (110), and (111) planes. Which, if any, of these planes is close-packed? Solution: ao = 3.5167 For (100): planar density = 2 = 0.1617 1016 points/cm2 (3.5167 108 cm)2

packing fraction =

2r 2 4 r/ 2

= 0.7854

ao

CHAPTER 3 For (110): planar density = (3.5167 108

Atomic and Ionic Arrangements

27

2 points cm) 2 (3.5167 108 cm)

= 0.1144 packing fraction =

1016

( )

points/cm2
2

2 4 r/ 2

2r 2

= 0.555

ao

2ao

For (111): From the sketch, we can determine that the area of the (111) plane is 2 . There are (3)(12) + (3)(16) = 2 atoms in 2 ao / 2 3ao / 2 = 0.866 ao this area. 2 points planar density = 0.866(3.5167 108 cm)2 = 0.1867 1016 points/cm2

)(

packing fraction =

2 ao / 4

2 0.866 ao

= 0.907

The (111) is close packed.

3ao / 2

2ao / 2

372

Determine the planar density and packing fraction for BCC lithium in the (100), (110), and (111) planes. Which, if any, of these planes is close-packed? Solution: ao = 3.5089 For (100): planar density = 1 = 0.0812 1016 points/cm2 (3.5089 108 cm)2

packing fraction =

3ao /4
2 ao

= 0.589

ao