Immigrant-Native Relations in 21st-Century America: Intergroup Contact and Trust

Dina Okamoto niversity o! Cali!ornia" Davis

C Center !or Ne# Racial $tudies Con!erence C Irvine %ay &" 2'1&

Ne# Demograp(ic Conte)t in t(e *$*

+ro#ing immigrant population +eograp(ic dispersion to ne# immigrant destinations Increasing et(nic and racial diversity Intergroup contact and trust

Researc( ,uestions
-(at do patterns o! intergroup contact look like among immigrants and natives. /o# do t(ese patterns vary 0y social spaces. /o# do contact e)periences s(ape intergroup trust.

Researc( $ite: 1(iladelp(ia

/istorically 0lack-#(ite race relations Re-emerging immigrant gate#ay

Researc( $ite: 1(iladelp(ia

T#o largest immigrant groups: Indians" %e)icans 2argely su0ur0an settlement o! immigrants

1(iladelp(ia as a Conte)t !or $tudying Intergroup Relations

Tense racial (istory Cosmopolitan canopy 3Anderson 2'114 1(iladelp(ia maga5ine story 32'1&4

Data and %et(ods

1ilot survey in 1(iladelp(ia 3N67''4 Response rate 6 178 Cooperation rate 6 9:8

Descriptive ;indings
%e)icans appear to 0e t(e most isolated 2ess intergroup interaction in neig(0or(oods t(an #orkplaces %e)icans are t(e least trusting" Indians are t(e most trusting

Reported 2evels o! <Never=Rarely> Trust

Descriptive ;indings
2egal status and religion #ere not clear status markers 2anguage=accent and racial discrimination in #orkplaces and pu0lic spaces Neig(0or(oods perceived as sa!e spaces

1erceived Discrimination on t(e ?asis o! 2anguage and Race

1ercent Reporting Racial Discrimination

;indings
,uality rat(er t(an !re@uency o! contact increases intergroup trust $econdary trans!er e!!ects A !riendly contact #it( one group increases trust in ot(ers Racial discrimination in pu0lic spaces is associated #it( lo#er levels o! intergroup trust

T(e B!!ect o! ;riendly Contact 0y B)periences #it( Racial Discrimination

Log odds of more vs. less trust
0 -3 Unfriendly -2 -1 1 2

Quality of Workpla e !onta t

"is rimination No "is rimination

-1

Neutral

Friendly

$ummary
Race continues to 0e a key status marker !or immigrants and natives ;or all groups" contact across di!!erent social spaces s(apes trust

Ne)t $teps
2arger survey in 1(iladelp(ia and Atlanta 3N62"'''4
perpetrators o! discrimination @uality and !re@uency o! contact in pu0lic spaces #orkplace and neig(0or(ood composition civic engagement

In-dept( intervie#s 3N62''C4 O0servations o! interactions in pu0lic spaces

T(ank youD

1ast Researc( on Intergroup Contact and T(reat

;ocus on 0lack-#(ite relations ;ocus on dominant group Con!lation o! race and $B$ in contact literature

T(e Role o! Intergroup Contact

+roup t(reat and competition t(eories
Increasing group si5e negative attitudes to#ard racial miniorities

Contact t(eory
;ace-to-!ace contact intergroup trust

+roups o! Interest
# Native-0orn groups
# -(ites" ?lacks

# Immigrant groups
# %e)icans" Indians

ImmigrantsE 2ack o! Contact #it( Native +roups

NativesE 2ack o! Contact #it( Immigrant +roups

NativesE 1erceptions o! Fery ;riendly Contact #it( Immigrant +roups

ImmigrantsE 1erceptions o! Fery ;riendly Contact #it( Native +roups

1ercent Indicating No ;riends !rom Ot(er +roups

?lack Indian %e)ican -(ite 2: ?2 2 2: IND %G -/ &2 &1 71 2 &' 79 &1 &: &H 1 &

1& 77

Reported 2evels o! Trust in %e)ican Immigrants

Reported 2evels o! Trust in Indian Immigrants

Reported 2evels o! Trust in Native?orn ?lacks

Reported 2evels o! Trust in Native?orn -(ites

1ercent Reporting 2anguage Discrimination

1ercent Reporting Racial Discrimination

Reported 2evels o! <O!ten> Trust