MDG INDONESIA: STATUS AND THE WAY FORWARD

Endah Murniningtyas-National Development Planning Agency Widyono University of Indonesia

Presented at the UN-DESA UN-ESCAP MDG Workshop Bangkok, 20-22 August 2008

OUTLINE
I. MDG AND THE NATIONAL POLICY II. THE STATUS III. THE WAY FORWARD

I. MDG AND THE NATIONAL POLICY

MDGs are not new to Indonesia. Since the development program existed, program towards MDGs target had been implemented. Example: food, family planning and health, education and other basic needs programs packaged in the Five-Year Development Programs (REPELITA). Intensive efforts to balance between economic and social program started in the 5th and 6th Five-Year Development Plan (Repelita), in 1990. Significant progress are achieved, but the financial crisis in the late 90s was a downturn in the economic and social status In the early 2000, the government started to take shape on various basic policy in the national development progress is experienced, with different external and internal challenge globalisation, democratization and decentralization.

Poverty Situation

MAINSTREAMING MDG INTO THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

3 Development Agenda 2004-2009 MDG & other International conventions 1. Peace RPJP 2005-2025 RPJMN (5Y)
Strategic Plan

2. Justice and democracy 3. People Welfare: a.Reducing poverty and unemployment b.Improving quality of HR c. Improving Quality of Environment and natural resource management d.Infrastructure Improvement

PRSP Sectoral Program Regional Program

Annual Development Plan (RKP)

National Budget Local Gov Budget 5

Program Implementations

MDG GOAL AND THE PROGRAM

No. 1 MDG GOALS Poverty Hunger 2 3 4 5 6 7 Basic Education Gender and Women Empowerment Child Mortality Maternal Health HIV Aid, Malaria & others Environment THE PROGRAM Poverty reduction programs Food Security Program 9Y compulsory education Mainstreaming of gender issue into all dev. Program Health program: infant, early childhood, nutrition etc Program for Pregnant woman HIV Aid and communicable deseases Water and sanitation program, climate change (mitigation-adaptation, alt energy), clean environment, REDD, CDM. In various sectors.

Global Partnership

II. STATUS

III. THE WAY FORWARD

1. BETTER REACHING 2. IMPROVE COVERAGE 3. IMPROVE QUALITY OF IMPLEMENTATION.

Better reaching
1. Poor HH Data - 2005 2. Use the same data for program targetted to poor HH/individu: a. Rice subsidy b. Health insurance c. Scholarship 9y education, etc 3. Data imporvement and updating 4. Local implementations

POOR HH DATA
1. 14 CHARACTERISTICS 2. DRAWN FROM ANNUAL HH SURVEY (SUSENAS) 3. USE AS BASIC INFORMATION FOR POVERTY PROGRAM

3 CLUSTERS OF INTEGRATED POVERTY REDUCTIONS

POVERTY REDUCTION

SOCIAL WELFARE AND PROTECTION PROGRAM

COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM

MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT

MINIMUM BASIC NEEDS: TARGETTED FOR POOR HOUSEHOLDS

COMMUNITY CAPACITY, ABILITY TO ENGAGE TO REDUCE POVERTY

CAPACTY OF MICRO, SMALL ENTERPRISE AND ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 11

BETTER IMPLEMENTATIONS

COORDINATING TEAM FOR POVERTY REDUCTION (TKPK)

TASK FORCE ON SOCIAL WELFARE & PROTECTION PROGRAM

TASK FORCE ON NAT. COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM

TASK FORCE ON MICRO AND SME PROGRAM

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PRO-POOR PLANNING AND BUDGETING

UNDERSTANDING POVERTY: SITUATION CAUSES INDICATORS AND MAP AS: DETECTIONS, TARGETTING PROGRAM , MONITOR OUPUT AND IMPACT

PRO-POOR PLANNING AND BUDGET FORMULATIO N

MENURUNNYA KEMISKINAN DAN MENINGKATNY A KESEJAHTERA AN MASYARAKAT

POOR PEOPLE AND STAKEHOLDERS PARTISIPATION

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Expectation from this workshop

1. Methodology to measure micro status at the HH and/or individual level assess and identify causes, sources 2. Methodology to measure significance and/or quantify impact of programs to the poor people/HH progress, weaknesses and room for improvement and new ways for a more effective program 3. MACRO-MICRO policy connections. THOSE ALL WILL BE USEFUL FOR MDG ROADMAP FORMULATION.

TERIMA KASIH THANK YOU

APPENDICES

Goal 1: Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger

Target 1: Halve, between 1990-2015, the proportion whose income is less than $1 per day No 1 Indicator Poverty (US$ 1per day) 1990 20,6% 2007 7.5% Target 10.0% Note Standard too low High but declining Status achieved

1a

Poverty (National)

15.1%

16.6%

7.5%

Need to work hard

Target 2: Halve, between 1990-2015, the proportion who suffer from hunger No 2 Indicator Poor Nutrition 1990 6.3% 2007 8.8% Target 3.3% Note Slowly increasing Status Need to work hard

Goal 2: Achieving Universal Basic Education

Target 3: Ensure that by 2015 children everywhere boys and girls alike will be able to complete basic education No 3 Indicator Basic Education Participation Secondary Education Participation Proportion of Student who Completed Basic Educ. Illiteracy for people age 15-24 1990 88,7% 2007 94.7% Target 100% Note Steadily increasing Slowly increasing Slowly increasing Steadily increasing Status as targeted as targeted as targeted as targeted

3a

41.9%

66.5%

100%

3b

62.0%

74.7%

100%

3c

96.6%

99.4%

100%

Goal 3: Promoting Gender Equality and Empowering Women

Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005 and in all level of education no later than 2015 No 4a Indicator Ratio of girl enrolled in Basic Education Ratio of girl enrolled in Secondary Education Ratio of girl enrolled in Tertiary Education Ratio of girl enrolled in Higher Education Ratio of Illiteracy Women aged 15-24 Contribution of women in wage occupation 1990 100.6% 2007 100% Target 100% Note Much improvement Much improvement Much improvement Much improvement Much improvement Relatively Stagnant Status achieved

4b

101.3%

99.4%

100%

as targeted achieved

4c

98.0%

100%

100%

4d

85.1%

102.5%

100%

achieved

4e

97.9%

99.9%

100%

as targeted Need to work hard

4f

29.2%

33.0%

50%

Goal 4: Reducing Child Mortality

Target 5: Reduce by two thirds, between 1990-2015, the under-five mortality rate No 5a Indicator Under-five mortality rate per 1,000 Infant mortality rate per 1,000 1990 81 2007 40 Target 32 Note Much improvement Much improvement Status as targeted as targeted

5b

57

32

19

Goal 5: Improving Maternal Health

Target 6: Reduce by three-quarters, between 1990-2015, the maternal mortality ratio No 6a Indicator Maternal mortality rate per 100,000 Birth helped by trained nurse Married women aged 1549 using contraception 1990 390 2007 307 Target 110 Note New data not available Much improvement Relatively stagnant new data not available Status Need to work hard

6b

40.7%

72.4%

(indicator)

6c

50.5%

57.9%

(indicator)

Goal 6: Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other Diseases

Target 7: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reserve the spread of HIV/AIDS No 7 Indicator HIV and AIDS prevalence 1990 2007 0.1% Target Combating the spread Note Increasing Status Need to work hard

Target 8: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reserve the incidence of malaria and other major diseases No 8a Indicator Case of Malaria per 1,000 1990 8,5 2007 Target (indicator) Note Slowly declining declining Need to work hard Status

8b

Tuberculosis prevalence per 100,000

786

262

(indicator)

Goal 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability

Target 9: Integrate the principle of sustainable development into national policies and programmes and to reserve the loss of environmental resources No 9a Indicator Forested coverage area 1990 60.0% 2007 49.9% Target Protected Note Chronic deforestation Steadily increasing Steadily increasing IncreasingNew data not available Slowly declining Slowly declining Status Need to work hard

9b 9c 9d

Protected land area Ratio Energy Consumption to GDP CO2 Emission

26.4% 1,5 2,536 kg/cap 7,815

29.5% 95.3 kg oil eq/$1,000 1,34 metric ton/cap 2,763

Protected (indicator) Lessen

9e

CFC Consumption

Lessen

9d

Biomass usage

70.2%

47.5%

(indicator)

Goal 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability (Cont.)

Target 10: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation No 10a Indicator Proportion of population having access to clean water Proportion of poplation having good sanitation 1990 38.2% 2007 52.1% Target 67.0% Note Steadily increasing Status As targeted Achieved

10b

30.9%

68.0%

65.5%

Target 11: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the life of slum dwellers No 11 Indicator Proportion of certain land right 1990 87.7% 2007 84.0% Target (indicator) Note Slowly declining Status As targeted

Goal 8: Establishing Global Partnership for Development

Target 12: Develop monetary and trading systems that are open, based on rules, predictable and non-discriminative No 12a 12b Indicator Ratio of Export-Import to GDP Ratio of Banks Credit and Saving 1990 2007 44.4% 61.6% Target (indicator) (indicator) Note Status

Target 15: Handle Developing Countries Debts thru national and international effort to manage sustainable debt in the long run No 13a Indicator Ratio of foreign debt to GDP Ratio of debt to state budget 1990 2007 44.9% Target (indicator) Note Steadily declining Steadily declining Status

13b

26.0%

(indicator)

Goal 8: Establishing Global Partnership for Development

Target 16: Cooperate with other countries to develop and implement strategies to create a good and productive employment for young aged people No 16 Indicator Unemployment aged 1524 1990 2007 25.4% Target (indicator) Note Steadily increasing Status

Target 18: Cooperate with private sector in using new technology, particularly ICT No 18a Indicator Household having telephone Household having mobile phone Household having computer Household having access to the internet 1990 2007 11.2% Target (indicator) Note Steadily increasing Steadily declining Steadily declining Steadily declining Status

18b

24.6%

(indicator)

18c

4.4%

(indicator)

18d

4.2%

(indicator)