ANSWERS

Chapter 36
Exercise 36A

9 m
63
opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
n
117
sum of angles on a straight line is 180

1 a
37
angle at the centre of a circle is twice the angle at the
circumference

10 71
alternate segment theorem
in an isosceles triangle, equal angles opposite equal sides

2 b
48
angles in the same segment

11 Yes, AB is a diameter. Angle ACB
90 (angle sum of a

triangle is 180) and so angle ACB is the angle in a
semicircle.

3 c
90
angle in a semicircle
4 d
103
opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
5 e
47
alternate segment theorem
6 f
36
angles in the same segment
g
72
angle at the centre of a circle is twice the angle at the
circumference
7 h
90
angle in a semicircle
i
39
angle sum of triangle
8 j
90
angle in a semicircle
k
26
angle sum of triangle
l
26
angles in the same segment

12 i 73
opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
ii 73
angles in the same segment
13 a A rectangle is a cyclic quadrilateral. All its angles are 90
and so the sum of its opposite angles is 180.
b The rectangle is not cyclic as the sum of the pair of
opposite angles is 179, not 180.
14 106
alternate segment theorem
opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
15 66
tangents from an external point to a circle are equal in
length
in an isosceles triangle, equal angles opposite equal sides
alternate segment theorem

669

ANSWERS

670

Chapter 37

3 a (x  12)  14

Exercise 37A

4 a 2(x  1)2  2

d (x 

1 a
c
e
g
i

(x  1)2  1
(x  6)2  36
(x  12)2  144
(x  4)2  16
(x  9)2  81

b
d
f
h
j

(x  2)2  4
(x  10)2  100
(x  3)2  9
(x  7)2  49
(x  11)2  121

2 a
c
e
g
i

(x  3)2  1
(x  7)2  39
(x  12)2  152
(x  2)2  14
(x  20)2  380

b
d
f
h
j

(x  4)2  4
(x  8)2  65
(x  1)2  15
(x  5)2  42
(x  13)2  179

2
3

2)

1
3

4

b (x  32)  14
e (x 

2
9)
2

c (x  52)  249

1

4

b 2(x  3)2  10 c 3(x  4)2  58

d 5(x  2)2  39 e 6(x  5)2  1

5 a 17  (x  1)2
d

414

 (x 

2
1)
2

6 a p
5q
7

b 13  (x  2)2
e

314

 (x 

c 19  (x  3)2

2
3

2)

b 7

7 a (x  1)2  4

b (1, 4)

8 a 7  (x  1)2

b (1, 7)

9 a 2(x  12)  32

10 Both values
9

b (12, 32)

ANSWERS
7 6.41, 1.41

Chapter 38
Exercise 38A

14 1.63, 0.368
3 2

4 10

5 9

32

7 a 3, 5

15 3.44, 0.436

19 1.79, 2.79

21 6.47, 2.47

22 1.28, 6.28
25 9.12, 0.877

10 12, 43

11 14, 52

23 7.42, 2.42

24 0.898, 3.90

12 0, 7

13 0, 5

14 0, 1

15 0, 12

26 1.62, 0.618

27 3.23, 0.775

16 0, 53

17 1, 4

18 2, 4

19 1, 8

20 3, 4

21 2, 4

22 2, 5

23 3, 4

28 4,

1

2

32 1,

25 1, 7
29

12

5
,
2

33 1,

1
1
3

26 2,

30 5,
34 1,

27 3,
12

1
5

31

13,

12
2

35 2, 4

Exercise 38D
1 a 1, 3
d 3, 4
g 5, 0.5

b 6, 1
e 0, 2
h 2, 6

c 1.5, 2
f 2, 0.75
i 3, 1

b 6.46, 0.464
e 0.204, 1.83

c 1.78, 0.281
f 7.77, 0.772

36 5, 1

37 1, 4

38 7, 1

39 2, 4

2 a 6.16, 0.162
d 0.808, 2.47

40 1, 6

41 3, 1

42 3, 12

43 1, 53

3 a 2, 17

121

72

44 3,

53

48 3, 4

45 1,

49 0, 6

46 3,

50 0, 2

47 1, 4
51 2, 5

52 7, 1

i
i
i
i
i
i

3 
19

2 
11


3 
8

5 
20

1 
6
5 
21


2 a 1.58, 7.58
d 6.24, 1.76

b 5, 15

c 3, 24

d 1, 95

e 0, 0.5

Exercise 38E
1 11, 12 or 11, 12
2 9, 13 or 9, 13
3 16 cm

Exercise 38B
1 a
b
c
d
e
f

16 0.479, 3.48

20 3.22, 6.22
9 2, 32

1

2

13 0.608, 4.11

17 0.167, 1.59 18 0.135, 2.47

8 0, 4

24 12, 1

9 4.19, 1.19

11 0.634, 2.37 12 1.22, 3.28

1 a 3
2 4

8 1.32, 5.32

10 0.219, 2.28

ii
ii
ii
ii
ii
ii

1.36, 7.36
5.32, 1.32
5.83, 0.172
9.47, 0.528
1.45, 3.45
9.58, 0.417

b 5.74, 1.74
e 9.52, 0.525

c 12.5, 0.481
f 6.14, 1.14

4 8 cm
5 height
8 cm, base
12 cm
6 1.5 or 5.5
2x(x  10)
7 a 
2
8 c x
6, x
15
9 b x
9, x
12
10 b x
4.5, x
6

Exercise 38C

c x
15, x
5

d 10 cm

d 11 cm
c 24 m
c 4.5 cm

11 2.5, 0.4

1 0.764, 5.24

2 0.683, 7.32

3 0.641, 9.36

12 c x
3, x
1.25

d 5 km/h

4 1.80, 7.80

5 0.472, 8.47

6 5.16, 1.16

13 c x
1.5, x
2.5

d 1.50

671

ANSWERS
2 a i 30, 150

Chapter 39

ii 84.3, 275.7

iii 45, 225

3 a Show one value is 19.5

b 19.5, 160.5, 379.5, 520.5

Exercise 39A
1 a i 8.94 cm
b i 58.4

ii 13.6 cm
ii 72.9

2 a 13 cm
b i 19.8 cm
c i 67.4

ii 19.2 cm
ii 38.7

3 a i 14.1 cm
b 13.2 cm
e 14.1 cm

ii 7.07 cm
c 61.9
f 70.5

iii 15.3 cm
iii 55.5

iv 15.8 cm

4 a Show one value is 107.5

b 252.5, 107.5, 107.5, 252.5
5 143.1, 36.9, 216.9

Exercise 39D
1 a

d 56.2

i 21.9 cm2
iv 10.3 cm2

ii 29.2 cm2
v 15.4 cm2

iii 27.5 cm2

vi 30.0 cm2

2 103 cm2
3 33.3

Exercise 39B

4 16.8 m2

1 69.3
2 a 51.3

b 49.1

c 38.7

d 90

5 a 11.4 cm2
b 11.4 cm2
c Both areas are the same as sin 155
sin 25

3 a 51.3

b 63.4

c 46.7

d 38.7

6 a 45

4 78.2

7 65.0 m

5 a 15.6 m
b i 26.6

ii 36.9

6 a 470 m

b 171 m

7 a 86.5 cm

b 63.9

iii 22.6
c 985 m

180

360

0.5

9 a 24.5 cm2

b 27.9 cm2

c 3.41 cm2

b 7.19 cm
c 6.35 cm
d 9.01 cm
f f
6.06 cm, g
11.4 cm

2 a 45.0

b 63.6

c 23.6

3 a 13.3 cm

b 39.3

c 154.7

4 a 9.72 cm

b 9.89 cm

c 37.9 cm2

5 a 66.0

b 7.63 cm

6 a i 42
b 9.79 km

ii 55
c 11.9 km

d 6.55 km

b 12.6 cm
e 15.3 cm

c 5.01 cm
f 16.1 cm

d 43.3, 63.7

Exercise 39F

1

1 a 8.79 cm
d 8.42 cm

y
1

b 374 cm2

1 a 8.06 cm
e 15.0 cm

y
1

180

8 a 62.4 cm2

Exercise 39E

0.5
360

c 102 cm2

d 848 m

Exercise 39C
1 a

b 12.7 cm2
2

2 a 54.7

b 81.2

c 46.0

3 a 22.4 cm

b 127.7

c 161 cm2

d 131.2

4 24.6 cm

0.5

5 52.8
6 12.6 cm

360

180

180

360

7 103.6
8 a 68

0.5

b 91.0 m

9 16.7 km

1
y
8
6
4
2

360

672

10 7.71 cm and 11.9 cm

180

O
2
4
6
8

Exercise 39G

180

360

1 a 70.5, 59.0, 50.5

b 42.4 cm

2 a 9.68 cm

c 17.7 cm

b 43.0

3 a 7.32 cm

b 6.65 cm

c 79.0

4 a 6.76 cm

b 75

c 13.1 cm

d 19.9 cm

5 a 039

b 148

c 67.6

d 22.6

6 50
7 a 70

b 4.43

8 a 73.2

b 26.2 m

ANSWERS
b y
x

Chapter 40

y
6

Exercise 40A
1 a
b
c
d

x
0, y
0 or x
1, y
2
x
1, y
4 or x
3, y
0
x
4, y
11 or x
1, y
4
x
1, y
5 or x
5, y
9

2
6 4 2 O
2

2 a x
3, y
13 or x
1.5, y
0.5
b x
1, y
1 or x
43, y
130
c
d
e
f

y
x

6

c y
x

y
x

6
4

b (5, 5) and (1, 5)

d (2, 1) and (0.5, 1)

4 a (3, 9) and (2, 4)

b (2, 2) and (1, 1)
c (1, 2) and (0.5, 0.5)
d (1, 5) and (0.5, 3.5)
e (1, 1) and (5, 5) f (2, 1) and (0.25, 0.125)

6 4 2 O
2

4

Exercise 40B
1 a x
3

4

x
1, y
3 or x
52, y
10
x
2, y
1 or x
1, y
2
x
4, y
16 or x
2, y
4
x
2, y
3 or x
83, y
595

3 a (1, 3) and (3, 3)

c (1, 4) and (4, 4)

6

d y
x

O
2

6 4 2 O
2

4

b x
2

y
4

6

2
2

3 x  y
36
2

O
2

4 a x

c y
2

6 y
x1

7 a, b

O
2

d y
1

iii y
x  1

x2  8
x2
c y
 or y
  2
4
4

2

ii y

2
2
b
x
 ( y
 3)2
c i y
x

b y

5 a y1

4

4

y
x

4

y
6

4
6 4 2 O
2

2
4

O
2

2

4

6

8 a

y
x

2
2

x
1.8, y
3.6
or x
1.8,
y
3.6

y
6

6 4 2 O
2

c x
2.3, y
3.3 or x
3.3, y
2.3

4

2 a y
x

6 4 2 O
2

4

4

6

6

673

ANSWERS
b

4 a i y2
13 which is impossible

ii

8
6
4

8 6 4 2 O
2

8 6 4 2 O
2

6

4

8

6

x
6.8, y
4.2
or x
1.3, y
7.9
9 a x
3, y
4 or x
4, y
3
b x
8, y
6 or x
6, y
8

Exercise 40C
1 a
b
c
d

x
1, y
3 or x
3, y
1
x
2, y
4 or x
4, y
2
x
1, y
5 or x
3.4, y
3.8
x
2, y
6 or x
6, y
2

2 a
b
c
d

x
3, y
6 or x
6, y
3
x
3, y
4 or x
4, y
3
x
5, y
3 or x
5.4, y
2.2
x
2, y
3 or x
3.6, y
0.2

3 a
b
c
d

x
4.87, y
1.13 or x
1.13, y
4.87

x
2.62, y
4.81 or x
5.42, y
0.790
x
5.36, y
3.36 or x
3.36, y
5.36
x
5.16, y
4.83 or x
6.96, y
1.23

x
7

4

674

y
8

8

b i y2
0, so the only solution is x
6, y
0

ii

x
6

8
6
4
2
8 6 4 2 O
2
4
6
8

ANSWERS

Exercise 41C

Chapter 41

1 180 cm2

Exercise 41A

3 10 cm

1 a 36

b i 10.2 cm

ii 2.6 cm

2 500 cm2

5 128 cm

4 135 cm2
2

6 25 cm2

2 a 5.4 cm

b 2.6 cm

7 24

3 a 4.8 cm

b 3.9 cm

9 a 12

b 4.5

10 18

4 a 5 cm

b 3.6 cm

11 a 13.5

b 3.9

12 a 6.3

5 a 1.8 cm

b 8.7 cm

8 a 24

b 5
b 2.5

6 a 16 cm

b 7.8 cm

7 a 1.2 cm

b 5.6 cm

1 540 cm3

2 7000 cm3

8 a 4.2 cm

b 3.8 cm

3 320 cm

4 1250 cm3

9 a 4.5 cm

b 5.2 cm

5 625 cm

6 1458 cm3

b 2.4 cm

7 30

8 a 30

b 4.5

9 18

10 a 36

b 14

10 a 6 cm

Exercise 41B

Exercise 41D

11 a 27

1 3.5
2 7.2
10 15
9 15
3 
 or 

4
9
4 10

b 25

12 28

Exercise 41E
1 5000 cm3

2 180 cm2

4 588 cm2

11.2 6.4
8.4 11.2
4 Similar because 

1.3 or 

1.75
8.4
4.8
4.8
6.4

3 54 cm
5 a 12

b 81 cm

25 20
15 25
5 Not similar because 
 or 

15 10
10 20

6 a 8.5

b 4.6

6 a 12

b 2.5

8 a 14.5

7 a 4.8

b 4.6

9 256 cm

8 a 6.5

b 4.8

10 144 cm2

7 a 6.5

b 81 cm

c 350 cm2
3

b 648 cm3
3

675

ANSWERS

Exercise 42C

Chapter 42
Exercise 42A
1 a 15
c 9.9

b 7.5
d 2.25

2 a 2.5

b 5

6

7

b 33.6

c 875

4 a D
54A

b 243

c 6

5 a T
62.5A

b 112.5

c 2.88 litres

6 a P
3l

b 1.8

c 20%

b 160

c 63

d 300

2 a 6

b 9

c 8

d 1.6

b 10.4

c 17.5

r2
4 a H


b 1.6

c 30

5 a Q
250I 2

b 2250

c 2.83

6 a P
1.4s2

b 875

c 35

7 a 54
c 67.5

b 33.75
d 3276.8

125
8 a y
x3
64

676

d 14

2 a 16

b 20

c 13.5

10
d 
3

486
3 a T


b 81

c 2.7

6
4 a l


b 1.875

c
6


b 136

c 113

34048
5 a f


6 a 1
7 a 8

b 2.5

c 45

d 28.8

b 5

c 0.1

d 5

c 8.16

d 7.94

8 a D

b 62.5
2

1 a 18

10

c 20

1000

Exercise 42B

3 a A
0.165l

b 2.5

6
5

8

3 a T
0.112N

1 a 4

b 9.6

25.92
9 a I

2

8
10 a P
2

b 8

c 2.08

b 32

c 0.115

Exercise 42D
1 a 15

b 35

c 12

d 2

2 a 4

b 25

c 100

d 81

3 a 0.8

b 1.25

c 8

d 0.1

4 a 6.25

1
4

c 1

5 a T
0.894
h


b 6.32

d 64
c 31.3 metres

ANSWERS

10
3 PR

5

Chapter 43
Exercise 43A
2

4 a i

ii

iii

iv

ii
C

3 a i AB

56

ii BC

1
12


iii AC

108

d (p  q)  r
p  (q  r)

5 a ED has the same magnitude (length) and the same

direction as AB

So ED
AB
n

64

b 5  1
4, 6  12
6
going from A to B and then from B to C is the same as
going from A to C
4 a

43

 

ii

b pq
qp
8
c i
10

 
43

b i nm

ii n  m  p

c m  n or n  m or AC

y
7
C

Exercise 43D

6
B

3 a i

20
15

ii

D
2

2
4 a i OP

5

 

1
A
O

9
b AD

3



10 11

y
5
D

b i PQ

iv

26
48

100
45

ii RS

20
16


c PQ and RS are parallel and the length of RS is 4 length

of PQ
6 i a  b or b  a
ii the midpoint of OB

7 a AB, EF , GH are parallel

b i 5p  3q
ii 6m  14n
b 2m  n

8 a 2m

c mx

d x
mn

Exercise 43E

3
1 a i AB

9



1
B

A
O

4
b i DC

0

 

c i the same/equal

ii numbers in CB are the negative of numbers in AD

Exercise 43B
1 a
c, d
g, b
h
2 vi 13

ii 13

iii
10


iv 74

v 17

vi
80


3 a AB
25
b AC
25 so AB
AC i.e. Triangle ABC is isosceles
4 As AB
BC
CD
DA, ABCD is a rhombus

Exercise 43C

68

48

24

59

ii AC

279

b A, B and C lie on a straight line with AC
3AB

2
ii CB

3



2 a

10
30

5 (16, 8)

c trapezium

d numbers in AD are three times the numbers in BC

5 a

iii

ii 10 as 2m  p

b i 5

126

8
3

2 a P(2, 4)
b Q(5, 5)
c R(7, 3)

3
3
e i PQ

ii SR

1
1



d S(4, 2)



f PQRS is a parallelogram as PQ and SR are parallel and

equal in length

3 iii AB
a  b
b  a

iii AP
12(b  a)

iii OP
12a  12b
12(a  b)

4 iii OP
12a  12

iii OC
a  b

iii OQ
12OC
12(a  b)
12a  12b

iv P and Q are the same point
iv The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other
5 a A trapezium as LM and KN are parallel
b n
2m  k

677

ANSWERS
6 a

i AB
a  b

ii AE
14 b

iii OE
a  14

iv OF
b  14 a
14 a  b

v EF
34 a  34 b

b EF and AB are parallel

The length of EF is 34  the length of AB; that is
EF
34 AB
7 a

i
ii
iii

678

1
2
3

4
1

4

m  12 n
m  34 n
m  34 n

b MR
m  3n

c MR
4MQ so MR and MQ are parallel but with

point M in common. This means that MQR is a
straight line

8 iii NM
2b

iii OS
2a  b

iii OT
2b  4a
4a  2b
iv S is the mid-point of OT

18
v QR
3a  2b

QR
30
24

 

ANSWERS
5

Chapter 44

y
4

Exercise 44A
1

2

1 a 8

b 28

c 17

d 2

2 a 19

b 3

c 4

d 3116

e 314

3 a x2  1
d 14x 2

b x2  3
e 3x 2  1

c 2x 2

4 a (x  1)2
d 116 x 2

b (x  3)2
e (3x 1)2

c 4x 2

5 a 3x  1
d 3x  2

b 3x  7
e 2  3x

c 2(3x  1)

(a)

2

Exercise 44B
1 i a y
x5
ii a y
x 2  1

b y
x4
b y
x2  5

1

2 a y
x2  12
b y
x2  8
c Translation of 7 units vertically in the positive y direction
0
or
7

2

(b)



3

4

Exercise 44C
4

1 i a y
x3
ii a y
(x  3)2

b y
x5
b y
(x  4)2
y

(a)

(a)
4

2

O
2

(b)

(b)

1
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 O
1

4

y
7

6
5

(b)

(b)

3
2

2
1

2

5 4 3 2 1 O
1

2

2
3

(a)
4

(a)

4
5

6

8

4 a
b
c
d

(3, 2)
(1, 2)
(0, 4)
(0, 1)

679

ANSWERS
5

Exercise 44E

y
10

5 4 3 2 1 O
2

(a)

(a)

(b)

(b)

4

3 2 1 O
1

6

2

Exercise 44D
1 a

(a) y
f(x)

3
y

4

5

6

(b) y
f(x)

1
4 3 2 1 O
1

2

3

4

4 3 2 1 O
1

2

(b) y
f(x)

1
4 3 2 1 O
1

3

3 a A stretch of scale factor 2 parallel to the y axis

b A stretch of scale factor 12 parallel to the x axis

4 y
3x(x  2)

2

5 y
19 x 2

3

(a) y
f(x)

4

6 a y
12x 2
b y
4x 2

7 a (5, 6)

(a) y
f(x)

4 3 2 1 O
1
2
3

b (5, 1.5)
c (53, 3)

(b) y
f(x)

(a)

(b)

d (15, 3)
1

Exercise 44F
1 a

y
1

4

2 y
(2x  3)

3 y
x(2  x)
4 a (3, 1)
b (3, 1)

680

1

90

180

270

360

ANSWERS
b

(i)

3
2

90

180

270

360

1
2

(ii)

(ii)

90

180

270

360

1

(i)
2 a

y
1

90

180

270

360

3 a A translation of 30 units horizontally in the positive

x direction followed by a stretch of scale factor 5 parallel
to the y-axis
b A stretch of scale factor 12 parallel to the x axis followed
by a reflection in the x-axis
c A reflection in the y-axis followed by a stretch of scale
factor 13 parallel to the y-axis
4 a y
3 cos x

1

5 a 4
e 1

b y
cos x
b 3
f 7

c 0
g 1

d 14
h 212

681