TONICITY-ACCENTING OLD MATERIAL

TWO WAYS:

REUSING THE OTHER SPEAKERS WORDS

REUSING YOU OWN WORDS

TONICITY-ACCENTING OLD MATERIAL -other speakers words

Speaker echoes back words already used by another speaker

A- Were having strawberries /

for tea. B- Ooh, / strawberries!

The echoed word, though A- Would you like 'coffee or tea? repeated, conveys new B- Tea, please. information. We can also echo the others speakers words and add a comment on them.
A- Whats three times five? Fif teen? B- Fif teen,| thats right.

TONICITY-ACCENTING OLD MATERIAL -other speakers words-

A- Sorry,| Im 'on a \diet (1) But if you 'eat chocolate , |'how can you be on a \diet? (2) But if you 'eat chocolate, | 'how \ can you be on a diet?

TONICITY- ACCENTING OLD MATERIAL -your own words

Repeat words

Emphasis Give the same info more than once Focusing on it anew

Its \true, |its \ true!

Reaccent

Same words Same ideas- synonyms

I \ love you, |I a \ dore you, | I 'think you re \ wonderful

Idiomatic expressions

Structure: x and X / x prepositon X

'When I say stop, |\ stop! We \ walked |for miles and \ miles. Profits in'creased |from 'year to \ year.

TONICITY- WHAT IS KNOWN?

KNOWLEDGE:

SHARED

IMPLICITLY SHARED BY BOTH S & A

COMMON

IMPLICITLY SHARED BY PEOPLE

IMPUTED

IMPLY THAT SOMETHING IS SHARED -COMMON KNOWLEDGE OR GIVEN

TONICITY- WHAT IS KNOWN?

Shared

'This train| 'terminates at 'Edgware.

Common

The 'next station | is 'Oval. 'This station | is 'Oval ( shared & new)

Imputed

It 'wont make the 'slightest difference, | but I shall 'write and com 'plain. It 'wont make the slightest 'difference...

TONICITY- WHAT IS KNOWN?

Styles of conversation:

Intensifying words: very- extremely- awfullySpeakers purpose:

Impute implicit knowledge of the out-of-focus material Treating it as background material that can be left out.

Examples:

'Thats 'very interesting!

'Thats 'very I'interesting!