O IN P

Made

by Group 8:

Trn Huy Hong (C) L Thanh Bnh Trn Th T Oanh Nguyn Th Hng nh T

c im & yu cu

o in p
o in p mt chiu o in p Xoay chiu

1. C IM & YU CU:
Php o d tin hnh, thc hin nhanh chng, chnh xc cao. Khong gi tr in p cn o rng (vi V vi trm kV), trong di tn s rng (vi Hz hng nghn MHz) v di nhiu dng tn hiu in p khc nhau. Thit b o phi c Zvo ln.

*CC TR S IN P CN O:

Tr s nh (Um), tr s hiu dng (Uhd, U), tr s trung bnh (Utb, U0)

1 2 U u (t )dt T 0

in p chu k dng khng sin:

U U
2 k 0
T

2 k

1 U 0 | u (t )dt T0

Quan h gia U, Um, U0:

Um kb U

U kd U0

kb: h s bin ca tn hiu in p kd: h s dng ca tn hiu in p

1. o in p mt chiu

Dng vonmetter t in
Dng vonmetter s

A)

DNG VONTMETER T IN

Dng c o: Vontmeter t in c mc song song vi mch c in p cn o sao cho cc dng ca vontmeter ni vi im c in th cao v cc m ni vi im c in th thp hn.
Yu cu: in tr vo ca Vontmeter Rv ln m bo vontmeter nh hng rt t n tr s in p cn o.

o in p ln mc in tr ph vo mch o.

 Uo max=IV(Rp+RV)
U do max RP RV UV max RV
U do max RP 1 n UV max RV
(n: h s m rng thang o)

*VONTMETER C NHIU THANG O:

c cu to t 1 dng c o lch, mt s in tr ph thuc v 1 cng tc xoay 2 mch vontmeter nhiu thang o thng dng:

Hnh 1a:
Cc in tr ph c mc ni tip v mi

ch c ni vi 1 trong cc u ra ca cng tc Khong o: Uo=Iv(Rv+Rp) Rp c th l Rp1, Rp2, Rp3

Hnh 1a.

Hnh 1b: Cc in tr ph c mc ni tip v mi ch ni c ni vi mt trong cc u ra ca cng tc Khong o ca vn k: Udo = Iv (Rv + Rp) Rp c th l Rp1, Rp1+Rp2, Rp1+Rp2+Rp3

Hnh 1b.

* NHY CA VONTMETER:
L t s gia in tr ton phn v ch s in p ton thang ca vontmeter n v: /V nhy cng ln th vontmeter cng chnh xc.

B)

DNG VONTMETER S

S khi n gin:

Uo
Thit b vo Bin i in p khong thi gian Cng B To xung m

B m xung

Thit b hin th

Thit b vo gm: +B lc tn thp cho Uo khng cn sng hi. +B phn p: thay i thang o +B chuyn i phn cc in p: thay i cc tnh Uo. B bin i in p khong thi gian: bin i tr s Uo ra khong thi gian t iu khin cng ng m. Cng: bin i khong thi gian t thnh cng. B to xung m: to ra cc xung m c tn s nht nh a ti Cng. Ch cc xung m xut hin trong khong thi gian t ng vi cng m mi thng qua dc cng ti BX. B m xung: m cc xung trong khong thi gian t. Thit b hin th s: chuyn i t xung m thnh ch s hin th.

S khi chi tit

NGUYN L LM VIC:
1.

2.

Khi cha o: kha S m (khng v tr np hoc phng). Qu trnh bin i thc hin qua 2 bc: Ti t1, b iu khin a ra xung k1 a kha S v v tr n, in p Ux qua mch vo => qua R np cho C => Uc tng. n thi im t2, b k a ra xung k2 a S v v tr p v kt thc qu trnh np, C s phng in qua ngun in p mu (ngun in p ko i, 1 chiu E0), UC gim ti thi im t3 => UC=0, b so snh a ra xung so snh USS. Xung k2 v xung USS s dc a vo u thit lp (S) v xa (R) ca Trigger=> u ra ca Trigger l xung vung c rng Tx, xung ny s iu khin ng m kha cho php xung m chun qua kha => kch thch cho b m xung. Gi s trong thi gian Tx c Nx xung qua kha, s xung Nx dc a qua mch gii m v ch th biu th kt qu UDC cn o.

3. O IN P XOAY CHIU
S

khi ca Vontmeter o in p xoay chiu c tr s ln

Tch sng
Khuch i dng 1 chiu

Thit b vo

Thit b ch th kim

S khi ca vontmeter o in p xoay chiu c tr s nh

Thit b vo

K in p xoay chiu

Tch sng

Thit b ch th kim

Thit b vo: gm cc phn t bin i in p o u vo nh b phn p, mch tng tr khng vo...vi mc ch l ghp Uo mt cch thch hp vi mch o. B tch sng: bin i in p xoay chiu thnh 1 chiu.

CC LOI MCH TCH SNG

A)

TCH SNG NH (BIN )

L tch sng m Ura trc tip tng ng vi tr s bin ca Uvo. Phn t gim gi li tr s bin ca Uo l t in. T in dc np ti gi tr nh ca Uo thng qua phn t tch sng. Mch c th dng diode hoc transistor. y ta dng mch tch sng nh dng diode.

Mch tch sng u vo m

Nguyn l lm vic: Trong na chu k (+) u tin, D thng, C dc np in nhanh qua tr R thng vi hng s np n =R thng. C v Uc tng n khi Uc Ux(t). Lc ny D tt v C phng in qua Rt vi hng s phng p=Rt.C Khi Uc gim ti <Ux(t) th t li dc np. Nu chn n<< p th sau vi chu k Uc c gi tr khng i v xp x Um. Nhn xt: Di tn rng. Nu in p o c c thnh phn 1 chiu th in p ng h o c: URt=U0+UmHijahqnwo
qjwfqwf

*MCH TO SNG NH U VO NG
UX(T)=U0+UMSINT

Nguyn l lm vic: Cho in p vo hnh sin, trong na chu k (+) u tin D thng, C dc np in vi hng s np n = RD. C v Uc tng n khi Uc> Ux(t) t li dc np

B)

MCH TCH SNG TRUNG BNH

C nhim v bin i in p xoay chiu thnh 1 chiu c gi tr trung bnh t l vi tr s in p trung bnh ca in p vo. Thng dng cc mch chnh lu c chu k hoc na chu k.

MCH CHNH LU NA CHU K

D1 l chnh lu na chu k, D2 l ngn in p ngc qu ln nh thng D1 t ln Vontmeter v lm cho in tr trong mch tch sng ng u trong c chu k. Chn Rt>> RD1 thun Rt+RD1 th = R2+RD2 th

MCH CHNH LU C CHU K

MCH TCH SNG HIU DNG

Nhim v: bin i in p xoay chiu thnh 1 chiu c gi tr t l vi gi tr hiu dng ca in p xoay chiu

UX AC

UR DC=kUXdh

Tch sng hiu dng

Mch tch sng hiu dng

 tch sng hiu dng cn nhng bc sau: Bnh phng in p: dng mch bnh phng in p hoc dng mch c c tuyn Volt Ampere bc 2 (i=S0UX2) Ly tch phn v dng cc mch khai cn hoc dng phng php khc thang o.
t0 T

U hd

1 T

U t (t )dt

2 x

t0

Mt s hnh nh v dng c o in p

Minh ha s dng c o in p (vn k)

Vonmet ch th kim

Vonmet ch th s

Ti liu tham kho:

-C s k thut o lng in t - Pgs.V Qu im, Nh xut bn khoa hc k thut

- Bi ging mn c s o lng in t - Ks Mnh H, Hc vin

cng ngh bu chnh vin thng.
-

o lng in t - D Quang Bnh, i hc bch khoa Nng.

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Trong qu trnh hon thnh bi, nhm c nhng c gng

nhng khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st v sai lm, rt mong thy gio v cc bn thng cm v gp b sung nhm c th hon thin bi lm hn.

XIN CHN THNH CM N THY & CC BN THEO DI !