MSTP Configuration

Content

Content
CHAPTER 1 MSTP CONFIGURATION..........................................1
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO MSTP..........................................................................1
1.1.1 MSTP Region.....................................................................................................1 1.1.2 Port Role ...........................................................................................................! 1.1.! MSTP "oa# $alan%e..........................................................................................!

1.2 MSTP CONFIGURATION TAS& "IST............................................................! 1.! MSTP E'AMP"E.......................................................................................( 1.) MSTP TROU$"ESHOOTING......................................................................11

MSTP Configuration

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

1.1 Intro#u%tion to MSTP
The MSTP (Multiple STP) is a new spanning-tree protocol which is based on the STP and the RSTP. It runs on all the bridges of a bridged-LA . It calculates a co!!on and internal spanning tree ("IST) for the bridge-LA which consists of the bridges running the MSTP# the RSTP and the STP. It also calculates the independent !ultiple spanning-tree instances (MSTI) for each MST do!ain (MSTP do!ain). The MSTP# which adopts the RSTP for its rapid con$ergence of the spanning tree# enables !ultiple %LA s to be !apped to the sa!e spanning-tree instance which is independent to other spanning-tree instances. The MSTP pro$ides !ultiple forwarding paths for data traffic and enables load balancing. Moreo$er# because !ultiple %LA s share a sa!e MSTI# the MSTP can reduce the nu!ber of spanning-tree instances# which consu!es less "P& resources and reduces the bandwidth consu!ption.

1.1.1 MSTP Region

'ecause !ultiple %LA s can be !apped to a single spanning tree instance# I((( )*+.,s co!!ittee raises the MST concept. The MST is used to !a-e the association of a certain %LA to a certain spanning tree instance. A MSTP region is co!posed of one or !ultiple bridges with the sa!e M"I. (MST "onfiguration Identification) and the bridged-LA (a certain bridge in the MSTP region is the designated bridge of the LA # and the bridges attaching to the LA are not running STP). All the bridges in the sa!e MSTP region ha$e the sa!e MSI.. MSI. consists of / attributes0 "onfiguration a!e0 "o!posed b1 digits and letters Re$ision Le$el "onfiguration .igest0 %LA s !apping to spanning tree instances The bridges with the sa!e / abo$e attributes are considered as in the sa!e MST region. 2hen the MSTP calculates "IST in a bridged-LA # a MSTP region is considered as a bridge. See the figure below0

MSTP Configuration

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

Root

Root

' M ( . 3 " MST R(7I8

3ig ,-, (4a!ple of "IST and MST Region In the abo$e networ-# if the bridges are running the STP or the RSTP# one port between 'ridge M and 'ridge ' should be bloc-ed. 'ut if the bridges in the 1ellow range run the MSTP and are configured in the sa!e MST region# MSTP will treat this region as a bridge. Therefore# one port between 'ridge ' and Root is bloc-ed and one port on 'ridge . is bloc-ed.

1.1.1.1 O+eration ,it*in an MSTP Region

The IST connects all the MSTP bridges in a region. 2hen the IST con$erges# the root of the IST beco!es the IST !aster# which is the switch within the region with the lowest bridge I. and path cost to the "ST root. The IST !aster is also the "ST root if there is onl1 one region within the networ-. If the "ST root is outside the region# one of the MSTP bridges at the boundar1 of the region is selected as the IST !aster. 2hen an MSTP bridge initiali5es# it sends 'P.&s clai!ing itself as the root of the "ST and the IST !aster# with both of the path costs to the "ST root and to the IST !aster set to 5ero. The bridge also initiali5es all of its MST instances and clai!s to be the root for all of the!. If the bridge recei$es superior MST root infor!ation (lower bridge I.# lower path cost# and so forth) than currentl1 stored for the port# it relin6uishes its clai! as the IST !aster. 2ithin a MST region# the IST is the onl1 spanning-tree instance that sends and recei$es 'P.&s. 'ecause the MST 'P.& carries infor!ation for all instances# the nu!ber of 'P.&s that need to be processed b1 a switch to support !ultiple spanningtree instances is significantl1 reduced. All MST instances within the sa!e region share the sa!e protocol ti!ers# but each MST instance has its own topolog1 para!eters# such as root switch I.# root path cost# and so forth.

1.1.1.2 O+eration -et,een MST Region

If there are !ultiple regions or legac1 )*+.,. bridges within the networ-# MSTP establishes and !aintains the "ST# which includes all MST regions and all legac1 STP bridges in the networ-. The MST instances co!bine with the IST at the boundar1 of the

MSTP Configuration

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

region to beco!e the "ST. The MSTI is onl1 $alid within its MST region. An MSTI has nothing to do with MSTIs in other MST regions. The bridges in a MST region recei$e the MST 'P.& of other regions through 'oundar1 Ports. The1 onl1 process "IST related infor!ation and abandon MSTI infor!ation.

1.1.2 Port Role

The MSTP bridge assigns a port role to each port which runs MSTP. "IST port roles0 Root Port# .esignated Port# Alternate Port and 'ac-up Port 8n top of those roles# each MSTI port has one new role0 Master Port. The port roles in the "IST (Root Port# .esignated Port# Alternate Port and 'ac-up Port) are defined in the sa!e wa1s as those in the RSTP.

1.1.! MSTP "oa# $alan%e

In a MSTP region# %LA s can b1 !apped to $arious instances. That can for! $arious topologies. (ach instance is independent fro! the others and each distance can ha$e its own attributes such as bridge priorit1 and port cost etc. "onse6uentl1# the %LA s in different instances ha$e their own paths. The traffic of the %LA s are loadbalanced.

1.2 MSTP Configuration Ta . "i t

MSTP configuration tas- list0 ,. (nable the MSTP and set the running !ode +. "onfigure instance para!eters /. "onfigure MSTP region para!eters 9. "onfigure MSTP ti!e para!eters :. "onfigure the fast !igrate feature for MSTP ;. "onfigure the for!at of port pac-et <. "onfigure the snooping attribute of authentication -e1 ). "onfigure the 3L&S= !ode once topolog1 changes 1. Ena-le MSTP an# et t*e running /o#e "o!!and 7lobal Mode and Port Mode +anning0tree no +anning0tree 7lobal Mode (nable>.isable MSTP. (4planation

MSTP Configuration +anning0tree /o#e 1/ t+2 t+2 r t+3 no +anning0tree /o#e Port Mode +anning0tree /%*e%. 2. Configure in tan%e +ara/eter "o!!and 7lobal Mode

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration Set MSTP running !ode.

3orce port !igrate to run under MSTP.

(4planation Set bridge priorit1 for specified instance.

+anning0tree / t <instance-id> +riorit4 <bridge-priority> no +anning0tree / t <instance-id> +riorit4 +anning0tree +riorit4 priority> no +anning0tree +riorit4 Port Mode +anning0tree / t <instance-id> %o t <cost> no +anning0tree / t <instance-id> %o t +anning0tree / t <instance-id> +ort0 +riorit4 <port-priority> no +anning0tree / t <instance-id> +ort0+riorit4 +anning0tree / t <instance-id> rootguar# no +anning0tree / t <instance-id> rootguar# +anning0tree rootguard no +anning0tree rootguard <bridge-

"onfigure the spanning-tree priorit1 of the switch.

Set port path cost for specified instance.

Set port priorit1 for specified instance.

"onfigure currentl1 port whether running rootguard in specified instance# configure the rootguard port can?t turn to root port. "onfigure currentl1 port whether running rootguard in instance *# configure the rootguard port can?t turn to root port.

!. Configure MSTP region +ara/eter "o!!and 7lobal Mode +anning0tree / t %onfiguration no +anning0tree / t %onfiguration MSTP region !ode (nter MSTP region !ode. The no co!!and restores the default setting. (4planation

MSTP Configuration

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration "reate Instance and set !apping between %LA and Instance. Set MSTP region na!e. Set MSTP region re$ision le$el. @uit MSTP region !ode and return to 7lobal !ode without sa$ing MSTP region configuration. @uit MSTP region !ode and return to 7lobal !ode with sa$ing MSTP region configuration.

in tan%e <instance-id> 5lan <vlan-list> no in tan%e <instance-id> 65lan <vlanlist>7 na/e <name> no na/e re5i ion0le5el <level> no re5i ion0le5el a-ort

e8it

). Configure MSTP ti/e +ara/eter

"o!!and 7lobal Mode +anning0tree for,ar#0ti/e <time> no +anning0tree for,ar#0ti/e +anning0tree *ello0ti/e <time> no +anning0tree *ello0ti/e +anning0tree /a8age <time> no +anning0tree /a8age +anning0tree /a80*o+ <hop-count> no +anning0tree /a80*o+

(4planation Set the $alue for switch forward dela1 ti!e. Set the =ello ti!e for sending 'P.& !essages. Set Aging ti!e for 'P.& !essages. Set Ma4i!u! nu!ber of hops of 'P.& region. !essages in the MSTP

9. Configure t*e fa t /igrate feature for MSTP

"o!!and Port Mode +anning0tree lin.0t4+e +2+ 1auto2for%e0true2 for%e0fal e3 no +anning0tree lin.0t4+e +anning0tree -+#uguar#7 no +anning0tree +ortfa t +ortfa t 6-+#ufilter2

(4planation Set the port lin- t1pe.

Set and cancel the port to be an boundar1 port. bpdufilter recei$es the 'P.& discardingA bpduguard recei$es the 'P.& will disable portA no para!eter recei$es the 'P.&# the port

beco!es a non-boundar1 port.

MSTP Configuration :. Configure t*e for/at of MSTP "o!!and Port Mode +anning0tree for/at tan#ar# +anning0tree for/at +ri5a%4 +anning0tree for/at auto no +anning0tree for/at

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

(4planation "onfigure the for!at of port

spanning-tree

pac-et standard

for!at is pro$ided b1 I(((# pri$ac1 is co!patible with "IS"8 and auto !eans the for!at is deter!ined b1 chec-ing the recei$ed pac-et.

(. Configure t*e noo+ing attri-ute of aut*enti%ation .e4 "o!!and Port Mode +anning0tree #ige t0 noo+ing no +anning0tree #ige t0 noo+ing Set The the no port restores to to use use the the authentication string of partner port. generated string. ;. Configure t*e F"USH /o#e on%e to+olog4 %*ange "o!!and 7lobal Mode +anning0tree t%flu * 1ena-le2 #i a-le2 +rote%t3 no +anning0tree t%flu * (nable0 the spanning-tree flush once the topolog1 changes. .isable0 the spanning tree don?t flush when the topolog1 changes. Protect0 the spanning-tree flush not !ore than one ti!e e$er1 ten seconds. The no co!!and restores to default setting# Port Mode +anning0tree t%flu * 1ena-le2 #i a-le2 +rote%t3 no +anning0tree t%flu * "onfigure the port flush !ode. The no co!!and restores to use the global configured flush !ode. enable flush once the topolog1 changes. (4planation (4planation

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C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

1.! MSTP E8a/+le

The following is a t1pical MSTP application e4a!ple0
S,it%*1

S,it%*2

1 )

2 !

28 ! 8

1 : (

S,it%*!

9 8

: 8

(8

S,it%*)

3ig ,-+ T1pical MSTP Application Scenario The connections a!ong the switches are shown in the abo$e figure. All the switches run in the MSTP !ode b1 default# their bridge priorit1# port priorit1 and port route cost are all in the default $alues (e6ual). The default configuration for switches is listed below0 'ridge a!e Switch, B**-**-*, /+<;) ,+) ,+) Switch+ B**-**-*+ /+<;) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** +***** Switch/ B**-**-*/ /+<;) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) ,+) Switch9 B**-**-*9 /+<;)

'ridge MA" Address 'ridge Priorit1 Port Priorit1 Route "ost Port , Port + Port / Port 9 Port : Port ; Port < Port , Port + Port / Port 9 Port : Port ;

MSTP Configuration Port <

C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration +***** +*****

'1 default# the MSTP establishes a tree topolog1 (in blue lines) rooted with SwitchA. The ports !ar-ed with C4D are in the discarding status# and the other ports are in the forwarding status. "onfigurations Steps0 Step ,0 "onfigure port to %LA !apping0 "reate %LA +*# /*# 9*# :* in Switch+# Switch/ and Switch9. Set ports ,-< as trun- ports in Switch+ Switch/ and Switch9. Step +0 Set Switch+# Switch/ and Switch9 in the sa!e MSTP0 Set Switch+# Switch/ and Switch9 to ha$e the sa!e region na!e as !stp. Map %LA +* and %LA /* in Switch+# Switch/ and Switch9 to Instance /A Map %LA 9* and %LA :* in Switch+# Switch/ and Switch9 to Instance 9. Step /0 Set Switch/ as the root bridge of Instance /A Set Switch9 as the root bridge of Instance 9 Set the bridge priorit1 of Instance / in Switch/ as *. Set the bridge priorit1 of Instance 9 in Switch9 as *. The detailed configuration is listed below0 S,it%*2< Switch+(config)E$lan +* Switch+("onfig-%lan+*)Ee4it Switch+(config)E$lan /* Switch+("onfig-%lan/*)Ee4it Switch+(config)E$lan 9* Switch+("onfig-%lan9*)Ee4it Switch+(config)E$lan :* Switch+("onfig-%lan:*)Ee4it Switch+(config)Espanning-tree !st configuration Switch+("onfig-Mstp-Region)Ena!e !stp Switch+("onfig-Mstp-Region)Einstance / $lan +*A/* Switch+("onfig-Mstp-Region)Einstance 9 $lan 9*A:* Switch+("onfig-Mstp-Region)Ee4it Switch+(config)Einterface e,>,-< Switch+("onfig-Port-Range)Eswitchport !ode trunSwitch+("onfig-Port-Range)Ee4it Switch+(config)Espanning-tree S,it%*!< Switch/(config)E$lan +* Switch/("onfig-%lan+*)Ee4it Switch/(config)E$lan /*

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C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

Switch/("onfig-%lan/*)Ee4it Switch/(config)E$lan 9* Switch/("onfig-%lan9*)Ee4it Switch/(config)E$lan :* Switch/("onfig-%lan:*)Ee4it Switch/(config)Espanning-tree !st configuration Switch/("onfig-Mstp-Region)Ena!e !stp Switch/("onfig-Mstp-Region)Einstance / $lan +*A/* Switch/("onfig-Mstp-Region)Einstance 9 $lan 9*A:* Switch/("onfig-Mstp-Region)Ee4it Switch/(config)Einterface e,>,-< Switch/("onfig-Port-Range)Eswitchport !ode trunSwitch/("onfig-Port-Range)Ee4it Switch/(config)Espanning-tree Switch/(config)Espanning-tree !st / priorit1 * S,it%*)< Switch9(config)E$lan +* Switch9("onfig-%lan+*)Ee4it Switch9(config)E$lan /* Switch9("onfig-%lan/*)Ee4it Switch9(config)E$lan 9* Switch9("onfig-%lan9*)Ee4it Switch9(config)E$lan :* Switch9("onfig-%lan:*)Ee4it Switch9(config)Espanning-tree !st configuration Switch9("onfig-Mstp-Region)Ena!e !stp Switch9("onfig-Mstp-Region)Einstance / $lan +*A/* Switch9("onfig-Mstp-Region)Einstance 9 $lan 9*A:* Switch9("onfig-Mstp-Region)Ee4it Switch9(config)Einterface e,>,-< Switch9("onfig-Port-Range)Eswitchport !ode trunSwitch9("onfig-Port-Range)Ee4it Switch9(config)Espanning-tree Switch9(config)Espanning-tree !st 9 priorit1 * After the abo$e configuration# Switch, is the root bridge of the instance * of the entire networ-. In the MSTP region which Switch+# Switch/ and Switch9 belong to# Switch+ is the region root of the instance *# Switch/ is the region root of the instance / and Switch9 is the region root of the instance 9. The traffic of %LA +* and %LA /* is sent through the topolog1 of the instance /. The traffic of %LA 9* and %LA :* is sent through the topolog1 of the instance 9. And the traffic of other %LA s is sent through the topolog1 of the instance *. The port , in Switch+ is the !aster port of the instance / and the instance 9. =

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C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

The MSTP calculation generates / topologies0 the instance *# the instance / and the instance 9 (!ar-ed with blue lines). The ports with the !ar- C4D are in the status of discarding. The other ports are the status of forwarding. 'ecause the instance / and the instance 9 are onl1 $alid in the MSTP region# the following figure onl1 shows the topolog1 of the MSTP region. Switch, 1 1 2 1'

2 !

2 !'

Switch+

Switch/

) 9' Switch9

:' (' 8

3ig ,-/ The Topolog1 8f the Instance * after the MSTP "alculation

2 !' !

Switch+

Switch/

)' 9' Switch9

: (' 8

3ig ,-9 The Topolog1 8f the Instance / after the MSTP "alculation

1>

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C*a+ter 1 MSTP Configuration

2 !

2' !'

Switch+

9'

('

Switch/

) 9 Switch9

: ( 8

3ig ,-: The Topolog1 8f the Instance 9 after the MSTP "alculation

1.) MSTP Trou-le *ooting

In order to run the MSTP on the switch port# the MSTP has to be enabled globall1. If the MSTP is not enabled globall1# it can?t be enabled on the port. The MSTP para!eters co wor- with each other# so the para!eters should !eet the following conditions. 8therwise# the MSTP !a1 wor- incorrectl1. +F('ridgeG3orwardG.ela1 -,.* seconds) HI 'ridgeGMa4GAge 'ridgeGMa4GAge HI + F('ridgeG=elloGTi!e J ,.* seconds) 2hen users !odif1 the MSTP para!eters# the1 ha$e to be sure about the changes of the topologies. The global configuration is based on the bridge. 8ther configurations are based on the indi$idual instances.

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