QUESTION 1 (IP3) Interpret the graph below.

The graph shows the range of kintei energies that !ole "les ha#e in a s$ste! at a parti "lar te!perat"re an% the n"!bers of !ole "les with that parti "lar energ$. The graph shows the least a!o"nt of energ$ re&"ire% for the !ole "les to o!bine an% !ake a pro%" t' this is the line labele% (a ti#ation energ$). The !a*orit$ of the !ole "les in this graph ha#e a low +E an% therefore %on,t ha#e eno"gh +E to o#er o!e the Ea. This will !ean the$ will not for! the pro%" t. The sha%e% area "n%er the "r#e shows the a!o"nt of !ole "les that an for! the pro%" t as the$ are the !ole "les that ha#e s"ffi ient kneti energ$ greater than the a ti#ation energ$ to ha#e effe ti#e ollisions an% for! pro%" ts. The fra tion of !ole "les that olli%e with kineti energ$ greater than a ti#ation energ$ at this te!perat"re is appro-i!atel$ 1./ or 012.

QUESTION 0(+3U1) The following graph is the sa!e rea tion as abo#e. E-plain wh$ the shape of the graph hanges when the te!perat"re of the !i-t"re is hange%.

The ollosion theor$ states that there are fi#e %ifferent fa tors that an affe t the a!o"nt of kineti energ$ re&"ire% for !ole "les to o!bine an% reate a pro%" t' one of these fa tors is te!perat"re. This graph is the sa!e as the first one abo#e an% looks at the +E of !ole "les b"t this ti!e at 3 %ifferent te!ps. 4t 113 the !a*orit$ of !ole "les ha#e a low +E whi h is lower than the Ea re&"ire% for the! to rea t s" essf"ll$. 4t 0/13 the graph has skewe% an% !ore of the !ole "les ha#e a slightl$ higher a#erage +E. There is a greater portion of !ole "les with eno"gh +E to o#er o!e the Ea an% ha#e a s" essf"l rea tion (sha%e% part). 4t 11113 the a#erage +E of the !ole "les has in rease% again with a far greater portion ha#ing the +E

re&"ire% to o#er o!e the Ea an% s" be o!e the pro%" ts.

essf"ll$ rea t to

The graph shows that in reasing the te!perat"re (!aking it hotter) the a!o"nt of !ole "les with higher +E whi h allows a larger 2 of the !ole "les to o#er o!e the Ea an% s" essf"ll$ rea t to for! pro%" ts. The fra tion of !ole "les that ha#e s"ffi ient kineti energ$ to for! pro%" ts has in rease% fro! appro-i!atel$ 1.5 at 1 %egrees to 6 at 111 %egrees.