CLASSIFICATION OF DISCRETE-TIME SIGNALS

PERIODICITY, ENERGY, & SYMMETRY

Signals, Spectra and Signal Processing

Engr. Jerry V. Turingan

ECE107

1. Periodic & Aperiodic Signals

.|.|.| . Periodicity .|.|.| . A signal x(n) is PERIODIC with period N (N > 0) if and only if: Such that if will lead to It is periodic as long as hence The smallest value of N is called the (fundamental) period. If there is no value of N satisfies the condition above, the signal is called NONPERIODIC or APERIODIC.
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2. Energy & Power Signals

.|.|.| . Energy Signal .|.|.| .

A signal x(n) is an energy signal if and only if its energy E is FINITE: . In other words, energy signals have values only in the limited time duration. For example, a signal having one square pulse is an energy signal.

The average power of an energy signal is zero Pave=0, because of dividing finite energy by infinite time (length).
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.|.|.| . Power Signal .|.|.| . A signal x(n) is a power signal if its average power Pave is FINITE: . The power signal is not limited in time. It always exists from beginning to end and it never ends.

For example, a sine wave of infinite length is a power signal.

The energy of a power signal is infinite , thus we use power (energy per given time) instead for power signals.
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Energy

Average Power

3. Even-symmetric & Odd-symmetric Signals

.|.|.| . Even-symmetric Signal .|.|.| .

A real-valued signal x(n) is even-symmetric if:

x(-n) = x(n)
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.|.|.| . Odd-symmetric Signal .|.|.| . A real-valued signal x(n) is odd-symmetric if:

x(-n) = - x(n)
Odd-symmetric

Even-symmetric
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